Zoneomics Logo
search icon

Richfield Village Washington County
City Zoning Code

ARTICLE 7

Alternative Development Options

[Added 5-18-2023 by Ord. No. O2023-05-02]

§ 170.1000 Generally.

A. 
A conventional planned development is a special type of zoning district that deviates from one or more of the standards of the underlying zoning district. As such, this alternative form of development allows greater freedom, imagination, and flexibility in the development of land while ensuring substantial compliance with the basic intent of this chapter and the Village's Comprehensive Plan. Because development in a planned unit development overlay district is unique, a special set of development standards are established which are documented as set forth in this division.
B. 
In exchange for this flexibility, conventional planned developments provide a much higher level of site design, landscaping, architectural control, and other aspects of aesthetic and functional excellence than normally required for other developments, which may not be conceived and implemented as a comprehensive and cohesive unified project.

§ 170.1001 Provision of flexibility.

A conventional planned development may deviate from the underlying zoning district with regard to 1) permitted land uses, 2) dimensional standards, 3) building types, 4) design considerations, and 5) other requirements. All such deviations shall be made explicit in the petitioner's application and shall be recommended by the Plan Commission and explicitly approved by the Village Board. If not so requested and approved, such contemplated exemptions are not permitted.

§ 170.1002 Application and review procedure.

A conventional planned development is reviewed as a planned development district as set forth in Article 5, except as may be specifically modified in this article.

§ 170.1003 Where allowed.

A conventional planned development is allowed in any commercial or industrial zoning district.

§ 170.1004 Minimum development parcel.

At the time of establishment, the conventional planned development must include 15 acres or more of contiguous lands.

§ 170.1005 Ownership.

At the time of establishment, all land within a conventional planned development must be under single ownership or control.

§ 170.1006 Permitted uses.

A. 
Generally. When the underlying zoning district is a residential or commercial district, a combination of residential, recreational, and/or commercial uses may be allowed. When the underlying zoning is an industrial district, a combination of commercial and industrial uses may be allowed. A planned development district with a mix of residential and industrial uses is prohibited.
B. 
Listing in Appendix A.[1] All land uses allowed in an approved conventional planned development must be listed in Appendix A.
[1]
Code Editor's Note: Appendix A is included in Chapter 170A, Zoning Appendix.

§ 170.1007 Effect of approved planned unit development overlay district on land division standards.

Development in a planned unit development district is subject to the Village's land division regulations to the extent applicable, except that the Village Board, upon recommendation of the Plan Commission, may waive a development standard in the land division regulations as provided therein.[1]
[1]
Code Editor's Note: See Ch. 330, Subdivision of Land.

§ 170.1008 Review of actual development.

If the Village Board approves a conventional planned development district, proposed development in the district is reviewed consistent with the requirements of this chapter as may apply (e.g., building, site, and plan of operation) and the approved general development plan.

§ 170.1020 Purpose.

Developing a conservation design subdivision allows greater design flexibility and is intended to:
A. 
Maintain and protect the rural character of the Village;
B. 
Allow for the continuation of limited agricultural uses in those areas best suited for such activities and when the continuation of such activities would be compatible with adjoining nonfarm uses; and
C. 
Preserve, protect and minimize disturbance of the natural resources and environmentally sensitive areas in the Village.

§ 170.1021 Application and review procedure.

A conservation design subdivision is reviewed as a planned development district as set forth in Article 6, except as may be specifically modified in this article.

§ 170.1022 Where allowed.

Conservation design developments are only allowed in the Single-Family Cluster (RS-1B) District and Two-Family Cluster (RD-2) District.

§ 170.1023 Minimum development parcel.

At the time of establishment, the conservation design project must include 18 acres or more of contiguous lands.

§ 170.1024 Ownership.

At the time of establishment, all land within a conservation design project shall be under single ownership or control.

§ 170.1025 Density.

The number of lots in a conservation design development is determined based on the steps described below.
A. 
Step one. Calculate the net developable area as follows:
(1) 
Total site area as determined by site survey: _____ acres.
(2) 
Subtract total reductions from Table A below: (minus) _____ acres.
(3) 
Equals net developable area: _____ acres.
Table A
Area Reductions for Environmental Constraints and Other Features
100% of the area that is needed for public right-of-way for any existing roads (i.e., from lot line to the base setback established by the Washington County Highway Width Map)
_____ acres
100% of the area that is within the floodplain overlay district and that is or can be defined as floodway
_____ acres
50% of the area that is within the floodplain overlay district and that is or can be defined as floodfringe
_____ acres
50% of the area that constitutes a wetland
_____ acres
50% of the area where the slopes are more than 20%
_____ acres
50% of the area within the Environmental Corridor Overlay District, if any
_____ acres
10% of the area where the slopes are from 12% to 20%
_____ acres
Total
_____ acres
Note: Acres are rounded to tenths of an acre.
B. 
Step two. Calculate the maximum number of residential lots by dividing the net developable area by the minimum lot size for the zoning district (either RD-2 or RS-1B). (The dividend is rounded down to the next whole number.)
C. 
Step three. The land division is laid out so that each lot 1) complies with all applicable dimensional standards (e.g., minimum lot area, lot width) as set forth in the zoning district regulations and land division regulations, 2) do not contain more than the maximum levels of features in Table B, and 3) has a building envelope of sufficient size and configuration to accommodate principal and accessory uses that are allowed in the zoning district. Overall, lots must be laid out so as to minimize potential development in the Environmental Corridor (EC) Overlay District.
Table B
Maximum Area of Lot with Environmental Constraints
Feature
Percent of Lot
Wetlands (These are to be located in outlots.)
0%
Floodway
10%
Land where the slopes are more than 20% plus floodfringe
40%

§ 170.1026 Lot sizes.

Lots in a conservation subdivision project shall comply with the minimum lot sizes and comply with the overall density requirements set forth in Appendix C[1]:
A. 
RS-1B: 1.25 acres.
B. 
RD-2: 1.5 acres.
[1]
Code Editor's Note: Appendix C is included in Chapter 170A, Zoning Appendix.

§ 170.1027 Open space requirements.

A. 
A minimum of 40% of the total gross area of a parcel developed must be preserved as open space in one or more open space areas that are either designated, dedicated, reserved, or restricted for public or private use or enjoyment by property owners and/or occupants of adjoining land. Such open space shall not include areas required for public highways, roads or streets or individual on-site sanitary septic systems intended to serve residential lots.
B. 
Open space areas shall be comprised of undevelopable and indivisible outlots owned in equal undivided interest by the owners of the other lots or parcels within the subdivision plat or certified survey map as tenants in common (See open space area ownership and maintenance requirements in this section.) and designated as such on the subdivision plat or certified survey map for the parcel being developed and in the deed of conveyance for each lot or parcel; and/or portions of lots or parcels under individual ownership within the development that are deed restricted against further development, division and for perpetual open space or natural resource protection, agricultural, and/or recreation use, provided that:
(1) 
Such lots or parcels under individual ownership are on lots or parcels 10 net acres or more in area.
(2) 
Such deed restricted open space areas shall not include those portions of a lot or parcel required for yards or building setbacks.
(3) 
Such deed restricted open space areas shall not exceed 50% of the total amount of required open space areas.
(4) 
The allowance for open space areas on individual lots or parcels is proposed to accommodate the continuation of an agricultural operation or activity in existence prior to the effective date of the ordinance from which this section is derived or be included as part of a recreational business use, including, but not limited to, golf courses, driving ranges, sports clubs, polo fields, riding academies, horse stables.

§ 170.1028 Ownership and maintenance of open space areas.

A. 
Open space areas may be dedicated to and accepted by the Village if said open space areas are contained in an adopted park/open space/conservancy plan.
B. 
Unless otherwise dedicated to the Village for public use as required herein, all open space areas counted toward the satisfaction of the minimum open space requirements shall be subject to conservation and/or other open space preservation easements regulating the protection of said open space areas from further development and/or division. Such easements shall be reflected on the subdivision plat or certified survey map and contained in a restrictive covenant or other legal instrument reviewed and approved by legal counsel for the Village. Such instruments shall ensure that all such easements are held privately and in perpetuity by the individual property owner or a nonprofit membership corporation or other legal entity, e.g., homeowners' association, and that the developer, individual property owner, or other legal entity is responsible for the ownership, perpetuation, care, and maintenance of all such open space areas.
C. 
Such instrument shall legally describe and identify as to location, size, and use of the open space areas subject to the conservation or other open space preservation easement, compulsory membership and compulsory assessment provisions for all property owners within the subdivision (when applicable) for the perpetual care and maintenance of such open space areas.

§ 170.1029 Design of open space areas.

The design and layout of residential lots and open space outlots shall satisfy the following:
A. 
Residential lots and open space outlots shall be designed and arranged to minimize the destruction or alteration of natural resource features. In order of priority, open space outlots should include the following natural resource, open space, and agricultural features, in whole or in combination, in order to maximize preservation of the Village's rural character:
(1) 
Lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, wetlands, shorelands and floodplains;
(2) 
Woodlots and forests;
(3) 
Steep slopes (greater than 12%);
(4) 
Other areas located designated as environmental corridors on the future land use map in the Village's Comprehensive Plan;
(5) 
Other areas comprised of wet, poorly drained and organic soils;
(6) 
Prairies; and
(7) 
Other drainage and stormwater facilities.
B. 
Open space areas shall be designed and arranged as contiguous areas having a minimum area not less than 10% of the total gross area of the parcels being developed.
C. 
Open space areas shall be designed and arranged to:
(1) 
Provide a perimeter buffer not less than 50 feet in width between residential lots within the subdivision and adjoining property;
(2) 
Provide for the continuation of and cross access between existing and future open space areas on adjoining properties;
(3) 
Provide at least one pedestrian-type accessway or easement from each public subdivision street to each open space area within the development that is not less than 30 feet in width;
(4) 
Provide a minimum open space buffer not less than 200 feet in width between the nearest property lines for any residential lot and all state highways, county highways, and Village section line roads; and
(5) 
Provide a minimum open space buffer not less than the following between the nearest property lines for any residential lot and the perimeter boundary of all wetlands currently inventoried and designated by the state Department of Natural Resources (DNR), Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE), and/or state Natural Resources Service (NRCS):
(a) 
Isolated wetlands: 50 feet; and
(b) 
Connected wetlands: 75 feet.
D. 
Residential lots should be arranged within the parcels being developed in order to:
(1) 
Minimize potential conflicts with adjoining agricultural uses and operations;
(2) 
Minimize the number of abutting residential lots so no more than two lots abut any other lot; and
(3) 
Maximize the number of lots that abut and have access to the open space areas provided within the development.
E. 
Individual lots, parcels and outlots should be designed and arranged to minimize the amount of land required for additional public roads while providing for the future extension of public streets to adjoining vacant land.

§ 170.1030 Special exception to encourage remediation.

A. 
The open space requirements described in § 170.1047 and the steep slope reductions described in § 170.1045 may be modified by special exception granted by the Village Board under the following limited circumstances:
(1) 
The gross development area (GDA) of the parcel to be developed is 200 acres or more.
(2) 
The development project must include remediation of land that was formerly used for nonmetallic mining (e.g. a gravel pit), which has not been remediated to the satisfaction of the Village Board at the time of the petition.
(3) 
The proposed remediation of the nonmetallic mining site must be done to the satisfaction of all county, state and federal governmental authorities having jurisdiction, and to the satisfaction of the Village Board, to allow the land to be used as contemplated by the development proposal. The remediation shall include, but not be limited to, all necessary environmental restoration. The remediation must be completed prior to building permits being issued for any lot in the proposed development.
B. 
The special exception may allow the otherwise applicable requirements of this chapter to be modified in one or both of the following ways:
(1) 
The Village Board may reduce the open space requirement in § 170.1047 as necessary to allow up to 10 more lots per 250 acres of gross development area (GDA) being developed.
(2) 
The Village Board may reduce or eliminate the steep slope density reductions described in § 170.1045 as necessary to allow up to three more lots per 250 acres of gross development areas (GDA) being developed.
C. 
A property owner may petition to the Village Board for a special exception as described herein. The petition shall be filed with the Village Clerk and shall be accompanied by such fee as may be established by the Village Board from time to time by separate resolution. The petition shall include a detailed description of the proposed development. Upon receipt of the petition and payment of such fee as may be required, the Village Clerk shall refer the matter to the Plan Commission. The Plan Commission shall consider the matter and make a recommendation to the Village Board.
D. 
The Village Board must make all of the following findings prior to granting a special exception under this section:
(1) 
The benefits of the remediation outweigh the loss of open space within the development, if the special exception reduces the otherwise applicable open space requirements.
(2) 
The benefits of the remediation outweigh the increased density, if the special exception alters the steep slope reductions in the density calculations.
(3) 
The grant of the special exception, and the proposed development, will not be adverse to the public health, safety or welfare.
(4) 
The grant of the special exception, and the proposed development, will not be in conflict with the spirit or intent of this chapter.
E. 
The Village Board shall issue its decision in writing, including any conditions of approval if conditional approval is granted. The Village Clerk shall provide a copy of the decision to the petitioner.
F. 
The special exception, if granted, shall be limited to the owner and developer described in the application, and limited to the development proposed in the application. Any new owner of the development parcel, new developer, or modified development plan that differs in any significant way (as determined by the Village Board) from the proposal submitted with the petition shall be a new matter, and shall require a new application to be submitted in accordance with all applicable procedures.
G. 
Should a development proposal which is granted a special exception as described herein be abandoned in any manner, or a final plat of the development not be filed within three years of the date that the special exception is granted, unless extended in writing by the Village Board, or should the project be continued other than in strict conformity with the conditions of the approval of the special exception, or should a change in the character of the surrounding area or of the development itself cause it to be no longer compatible with the surrounding areas, or for similar cause based upon considerations of public health, safety or welfare, the special exception may be terminated by action of the Village Board following referral to the Plan Commission for recommendation and a public hearing thereon.
H. 
A development proposal which is granted a special exception as described herein is, to the extent that the special exception is granted, exempt from the density requirements of § 170.1025.

§ 170.1050 Generally.

An adaptive reuse project allows the use of an existing building that is currently in the Institutional (INST) District that for practical purposes is no longer usable for the most recent use or any other use that is allowed in the INST District. Such building must not be dilapidated or in a state of disrepair, or partly or wholly destroyed by fire, flood, wind, or other disaster.

§ 170.1051 Application and review procedure.

An adaptive reuse project is reviewed the same as a planned development district as set forth in Article 5, except as may be specifically modified in this article.

§ 170.1052 Where allowed.

An adaptive reuse project is only allowed on a parcel that is currently in the Institutional (INST) District or that is currently a planned development district approved for an adaptive reuse project.

§ 170.1053 Ownership.

At the time of establishment, all land within an adaptive reuse project must be under single ownership or control.

§ 170.1054 Permitted uses.

The uses allowed in an adaptive reuse project must be designed and operated in such a way to be consistent with the land uses that are allowed on the surrounding parcels.

§ 170.1055 Review of actual development.

If the Village Board approves an adaptive reuse project as a planned development district, proposed development in the district is reviewed consistent with the requirements of this chapter as may apply (e.g., building, site, and plan of operation) and the approved general development plan.

§ 170.1070 Generally.

An agritourism - entertainment business is a commercial business operation that may involve one or more of the agritourism operations set forth in Appendix B[1] and other operations deemed compatible with those uses or that are not otherwise addressed in this code due to the lack of enumeration. An agritourism - entertainment business must, at its core, relate to the Village's agricultural character and shall not operate more than 210 days in a calendar year. The purpose of this district is to give property owners a potential revenue source on less than a majority of the land while protecting the majority of the land for traditional agricultural purposes as set forth as permitted uses in the A-2, General Agricultural Zoning District. Permitted uses in the underlying A-2, General Agricultural Zoning District shall continue to be allowed unless specifically restricted as part of the approval procedure.
[1]
Code Editor's Note: Appendix B is included in Chapter 170A, Zoning Appendix.

§ 170.1071 Farmland reservation and undeveloped lands.

Farmland reservation areas and undeveloped lands can be included as part of the majority of the subject property deemed to be for traditional agricultural purposes, as allowed as permitted uses in the A-2, General Agricultural District, and for purposes such as for U-Pick activities, wagon/sleigh rides, mazes, harvest events, overflow parking, and for stormwater management, provided there are no related buildings or any site improvements on the same.