The overall purpose of this Chapter is to ensure the provision of off-street parking and loading areas to support the needs of current, proposed, and future uses of a property.

More specifically, this Chapter seeks to accomplish the following purposes and objectives:

A. Promote efficient circulation and prevent traffic congestion of the public right-of-way. B. Provide adequate screening and landscaping measures for parking and maneuvering areas in a manner that is visually attractive. C. Ensure pedestrian-friendly parking areas by providing safe, adequate, and convenient pedestrian routes. D. Provide for the accessibility needs and requirements of persons with disabilities. E. Allow flexible parking standards to improve circulation, promote community character, and support economic development. F. Provide adequate on-site bicycle parking. G. Provide adequate on-site vehicle parking.

A. All zoning districts. The provisions for off-street parking and loading specified in this Chapter shall apply to all zoning districts, unless otherwise noted.

B. Existing structures and land uses. For existing structures and existing land uses, the following provisions shall apply: 1. Upon effective date of this ordinance. The minimum number of parking spaces designated for specific established land uses in existing structures or for structures that have an approved building permit on the effective date of this ordinance shall follow the regulations in effect at the time of permit issuance. 2. Subsequent expansions. If a structure or use of land is enlarged, expanded or changed, there shall be provided and maintained, for the increment of expansion only, at least the amount of off-street parking space that would be required if the increment were a separate structure or new use established or placed into operation after the effective date of this ordinance. 3. Change in land use. Where land uses change in an existing structure, the parking standards for the new land use shall apply.

C. Existing parking areas. For existing parking areas, the following provisions shall apply: 1. Regular maintenance (such as sealcoating and/or restriping) of parking areas shall not require the parking area to be brought into conformance with the requirements of this Chapter. 2. Parking areas of commercial and industrial uses for which partial reconstruction (such as grind and overlay) is conducted shall provide perimeter landscaping in conformance with the requirements of this Chapter. 3. Parking areas of commercial and industrial uses which are reconstructed to their base and properties where a new building is constructed, shall meet all requirements of this Chapter except in cases where complying with these requirements will reduce the number of parking spaces provided to below what is required by this Chapter, in which case the minimum required number of parking spaces shall be maintained.

D. New structures. All structures constructed after the effective date of this ordinance shall provide for parking that conforms to the standards of this ordinance.

E. Exemption. When application of the off-street parking provisions specified in this Chapter results in a requirement of three (3) spaces or less on a single lot in any commercial or industrial district, the standards contained in this Section shall not apply.

A. Location. Required parking areas are subject to the following, and must be located off-street and on the same lot as the building or use they are required to serve, unless specified below: 1. Parking areas are permitted encroachments only as indicated in this subsection or as otherwise allowed by this Chapter: a. In commercial and industrial zoning districts and for multiple-family uses: (1) Parking areas may encroach into required side yards and required rear yards provided a minimum ten (10) foot landscape buffer is maintained. (2) Parking areas may encroach into front yards where a minimum front yard setback of twenty-five (25) feet shall be maintained for a landscape buffer. 2. In commercial and industrial zoning districts: a. Parking areas may be provided on the same lot or property being served, or on a separate lot or property, so long as all parking areas located on a separate property are located within 750 feet of a main entrance of the related building or use. The zoning classification of such separate lot or property where the off-street parking areas are located shall not be for single-family residential. b. Ten (10) percent of the required parking and no less than five (5) spaces shall be accessible to visitors outside of any fenced in or secured area. c. Clearly identifiable and safe pedestrian paths shall be provided from parking areas to the principal building entrance. 3. Control of off-site parking areas. When required accessory off-street parking areas are provided elsewhere than on the lot on which the principal use served is located, they shall be in the same possession, either by deed or a lease of appropriate length as determined by the Village, as the property occupied by such principal use, and the owner shall be bound by covenants filed of record in the Lake County Recorder of Deeds requiring the owner and his or her heirs and assigns to maintain the required number of parking spaces during the existence of said principal use.

B. Size. Each required parking space shall provide safe and efficient means of vehicular access and egress to such parking space at all times. Each off-street space shall be marked on the ground to delineate its exact location. The dimensions of all parking spaces and aisles shall be as regulated in this Chapter. A standard parking space shall be at least nine (9) feet in width, and least eighteen (18) feet in length, exclusive of access drives or aisles, ramps, columns, landscaped areas, and work areas, and accessible from streets or driveways. For parallel parking, the length of the parking space shall be increased to twenty-four (24) feet. Requirements for Aisle Widths Parking Angle (Degrees) Aisle Width (Feet) 90 24 75 22 60 18 45 13.5 C. Access. Except on lots accommodating single-family dwellings, off-street parking spaces shall open directly upon an aisle or driveway at least twelve (12) feet wide to provide safe and efficient means of vehicular access to such parking space.

All off-street parking facilities shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic movement. Access to parking areas in commercial district should be provided by a single access and/or access road where feasible. No parking lot driveway or curb cut in any district shall exceed twenty-four (24) feet in width. The Zoning Administrator may, for commercial or industrial uses where a driveway or curb cut of twenty-four (24) feet or less is impractical or is determined to create safety concerns, authorize a wider driveway or curb cut.

D. Collective Provision. Off-street parking facilities for separate uses may be provided collectively if the total number of spaces so provided is not less than the sum of the separate requirements for the uses served.

E. Shared Parking. An arrangement whereby two (2) or more owners of non-residential properties or uses with different peak-hour parking demands use the same off-street parking spaces to satisfy their off-street parking requirements. The Zoning Administrator may approve shared parking areas in such cases after consideration of the uses, hours of usage, other nearby traffic patterns and uses, and any other relevant considerations. Shared-use arrangements shall be formalized with appropriate legal documents including a written agreement between shared parking facility owners. A copy of any executed shared-use agreement shall be filed with the Village.

F. Computation. See Section 17.48.060, Required Off-street Parking Spaces.

G. Utilization. Except where a special use has granted such authority, required off-street parking areas shall be solely for the parking of vehicles in operating condition and for the parking of passenger vehicles of patrons, occupants or employees of such uses.

H. Design and Maintenance.

1. Plan. The design of parking areas shall be subject to the approval of the Zoning Administrator, in accordance with the requirements of this Chapter, and no building permit involving redevelopment of a parcel or parking area shall be approved unless there is included a plan showing the location of off-street parking. 2. Character. Accessory parking spaces may be open to the sky or enclosed in a parking structure. 3. Surfacing. All off-street parking spaces, drives and aisles or lanes accessory to any building, structure or use, shall be improved in conformance with engineering standards adopted by the Village from time to time. 4. All parking lot areas shall be paved and maintained at all times in a broom clean condition without potholes, broken curbing or other surface irregularities. All wheel stops shall be in proper locations and functioning. Pavement striping shall be maintained and visible at all times for required parking spaces and ADA spaces. All required signage shall be installed and maintained. All illumination shall be maintained in a safe and functioning condition. All required landscape islands, buffers and screening shall be in a flourishing condition, appropriately pruned and with dead materials replaced.

I. Screening and Landscaping.

1. All parking and loading areas, including any associated mechanical equipment shall be properly screened and landscaped as listed below, except as otherwise authorized in this subsection. 2. The Zoning Administrator shall have the authority to allow alternate landscape materials to those specified in this subsection upon finding that specified materials are not available for installation or where there otherwise exists a unique circumstance or particular hardship. Also, in allowing for alternative landscape materials the Zoning Administrator shall find that such landscape materials will provide equivalent or better aesthetic character and effective screening as required by this chapter. 3. General parking lot landscaping: a. A landscaped planting strip of ten (10) feet is required between the property line and the area devoted to parking. b. The landscaping shall include, to the extent necessary, ground cover, shrubs, hedges, ornamental trees and grasses, perennials, decorative walls, or fencing as listed below. c. All landscaping shall be permanently maintained in good condition, satisfactory to the Village, with at least the same quality and quantity of landscaping as initially approved. In the event that landscaping should die, the property owner shall replace landscaping in a timely fashion, taking into consideration the season of the year. d. At the time of installation, landscaped materials shall be of the following sizes: (1) Two and one-half (2.5) inches diameter at breast height for deciduous shade trees. (2) Six (6) feet tall for evergreen trees and ornamental trees. (3) Twenty-four (24) inch shrubs. (4) Gallon-sized perennials. 4. Interior parking lot landscaping a. Landscaping must be dispersed throughout the parking area. A portion of the required landscaping may be located so as to provide screening of loading areas. b. A landscaped island with at least one (1) tree shall be required at the end of all parking rows. The island shall be large enough to support the required landscaping, generally the size of the parking space. c. A landscaped island with at least one (1) tree shall be installed and maintained a minimum of every twenty (20) parking spaces in parking lots with over 100 spaces. d. For every three (3) double bays of parking in a parking area, an intermediate parking lot island a minimum of ten (10) feet wide shall be installed between two (2) of those parking rows for the length of said parking rows, and serve as a safe pedestrian connection leading toward the main entrance of the principal use. e. A minimum of one (1) shade tree must be provided for every parking lot island or landscaped area. In addition to the required shade trees, a minimum of seventy-five (75) percent of every parking lot island or landscaped area must be planted in live groundcover, shrubs, perennials, or ornamental grasses. 5. Perimeter parking lot landscaping a. Frontage along the entirety of any parking or loading area adjacent to any public or private street shall be landscaped and protected so as to separate and screen any parking area from the adjacent streets or residential uses. b. Fencing may be provided, in addition to landscaping for parking areas having common property lines with residential uses. c. A minimum ten (10)-foot wide, landscaped area with a continuous three (3) foot high row of shrubs or hedges must be provided between the property line and parking area. Plantings shall be no less than three (3) feet tall within two (2) years of planting. d. The use of earth sculpting or berms may contribute to screening requirements, provided these are designed in any area of enough size so as to avoid erosion, drainage or maintenance problems. e. Existing vegetation which meets, in whole or in part, the purposes of perimeter landscaping above may be applied toward requirements.

6. Transitional screening requirements All parking areas adjacent to residential land uses shall install and maintain a 100 percent screen along all lot lines adjacent to such residential use. Except as otherwise provided, it shall have a total height at the time of installation of not less than six (6) feet. A screen shall consist of one or more of the following types or as otherwise approved by the Zoning Administrator:

a. Plants: Plant materials, when used as a screen, shall consist of dense evergreen plants and any mixture of plant materials as the Zoning Administrator directs, in order to adequately shield adjacent residences from lights, noises, or other potential adverse impacts. The Zoning Administrator may require that additional plantings be installed if, two (2) years after installation, plant materials have not formed a 100 percent screen or such a screen is not maintained. b. Fencing: Fencing type and location shall be as allowed by this Title, or in the case of a special use or planned unit development, as approved by the Village Board upon recommendation from the Planning and Zoning Commission.

J. Pedestrian access 1. All walkways must meet ADA accessibility requirements. 2. All parking lots must include walkways that provide direct connections to building entrances from the spaces furthest from the entrance. At least one (1) walkway must provide a direct connection between the building entrances and the adjacent public rights-of-way and associated sidewalk. 3. All pedestrian walkways must be clearly marked with high-visibility striping, through the use of alternative materials, such as pavers. Where walkways cross a drive aisle, the walkway must have a continuous surface treatment across the drive aisle.

K. Lighting or other equipment. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas shall be directed or shielded away from residential properties and public streets such that the light source is not visible from the property line (so as to eliminate glare). In no case shall lighting exceed one (1) foot candle measured at the property line. No lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas shall create a nuisance. All lighting shall be approved by the Zoning Administrator. 1. All lighting should minimize glare by using recessed, shielded or cut off fixtures, with a cut off angle of ninety (90) degrees or less as shown below.

2. Mounting height should be between 15 to 25 feet depending on the size of the parking lot, the existing height in adjacent parking lots and the lighting need. 3. Photometrics shall be designed using standards from Illuminating Engineering Society of North America standards and Dark Sky International.

L. Restrictions. 1. Vehicle repair. Parking areas shall not be used for the repair, dismantling or servicing of any vehicles, equipment, materials or supplies. 2. Inoperable vehicles. Inoperable vehicles shall not be parked or stored in any unenclosed parking areas or other portion of a property. 3. Loudspeaker systems are not permitted, with the exception of speakers for drive-throughs.

M. Curbs and Wheel Guards. Curb and gutter is preferred; however, wheel guards or bumper guards may be utilized so long as no part of parked vehicles will extend beyond the property line or greater than two (2) feet into the landscaped planting strip where required. Any concrete wheel guards or bumper guards shall be permanently secured to the finished surface of the parking area. Breaks in the curbs to facilitate drainage may be authorized by the Director of Public Works.

N. Signs. Signs shall follow Title 18, Sign Code.

O. Cross-access between adjacent lots. Where parking lots for separate uses are adjacent to one another and the opportunity for connected cross-access exists, such access is encouraged. Cross-access should be done in a logical manner that results in safe and efficient circulation between adjacent parking areas.

P. Bicycle parking. 1. All nonresidential developments which provide automobile parking facilities shall provide bicycle parking facilities (bike racks) at a ratio of at least one (1) bicycle parking space for every ten (10) automobile parking spaces. 2. Multi-family developments shall provide interior bicycle parking facilities for building residents at a ratio of at least one (1) bicycle parking space for every three (3) dwelling units. 3. No development, except a one- or two-family development, shall have fewer than two (2) bicycle/moped parking spaces nor be required to exceed ten (10) such spaces. 4. Bicycle parking facilities shall be located within a maximum distance of fifty (50) feet from the building entrance, or shall be located at least as close as the closest automobile space.

Q. Accessible parking. All off-street parking areas must comply with the ADA concerning the number and design of accessible vehicle parking spaces required in parking lots and structures.

The parking and storage of trucks, trailers and commercial vehicles having any plate, other than those displaying Class B license plates in accordance with Chapter 3 of the Illinois Vehicle Code (625 ILCS 5/3 et al., Certificates of Title and Registration of Vehicles), are prohibited on private parking areas accessory to residential uses or in any residential district. However, owners or operators of tow trucks, or trailers that have Illinois registration classification "TA" or "TB" may be exempted from this requirement if they submit evidence satisfactory to the Village that the vehicle’s weight is less than eight thousand (8,000) pounds. No more than one (1) truck displaying a Class B license plate and no more than one (1) single or tandem axle trailer for towing by a vehicle having a Class B license plate may be parked on a property in a residential district. Parking and use of trucks or other vehicles, whether on private or public property, shall conform with regulations concerning parking and use of commercial vehicles in residential areas as delineated in this Code or any other Village ordinance, including the establishment of load limits upon the streets of the Village. Parking of vehicles on other than an approved surface is prohibited.

The provision of this Section shall apply regardless of the state in which the vehicle is licensed. In cases where the vehicle is registered in a state other than Illinois, the equivalent state of Illinois licensing requirements to the state where the vehicle is licensed shall be applied.

The parking of trucks, trailers or other vehicles prohibited under this section shall be permitted, if the trucks, trailer or other vehicle is being temporarily used in conjunction with a service, delivery or pick up actually being rendered for the benefit of a residence or property in any residential zoning district.

The repair or servicing of automobiles, trucks, or other motorized vehicles shall be prohibited in any residential zoning district, except as provided in this section:

A. The vehicle is owned by a resident of the property; B. The repair or servicing is conducted by a resident of the property, and provided that all major vehicle repair or servicing shall be conducted entirely within an enclosed building or structure upon the property; C. The repair or servicing shall not create a fire, health or explosion hazard, emit noxious fumes, offensive odors, excessive noise, smoke, vibration, dust, glare, visual nuisances or other objectionable pollution factors. D. Nothing contained in this section shall prohibit authorized emergency vehicles from performing emergency road service including, but not limited to, the starting of vehicles, the charging of batteries of vehicles, the changing of tires, fan belt replacement, and/or the installation of a new window.

A. General requirements. Off-street parking spaces shall be provided for all uses listed below in at least the minimum amounts specified. All references to square feet are calculated as gross square feet of building floor area.

B. Calculation. When determination of the number of off-street parking spaces required by this Chapter results in a requirement of a fractional space, a fraction of less than one-half may be disregarded, while a fraction of one-half or more shall be counted as one parking space. Parking spaces required on an employee basis shall be based on the maximum number of employees on duty or residing, or both, on the premises at any one time.

C. Reductions. The minimum number of parking spaces may be reduced if ride share pickup/drop off space is provided or if bicycle parking is provided in accordance with anticipated demand. The request for a reduction of parking spaces shall be reviewed and approved by the Village Board as part of a zoning petition or by the Zoning Administrator if not part of a zoning petition.

D. Mixed uses. When two (2) or more uses are located on the same lot or within the same building, parking spaces equal in number to the sum of the separate requirements for each such use shall be provided. No parking space or portion thereof shall serve as a required space for more than one (1) use unless otherwise authorized by the Zoning Administrator.

E. Electric Vehicle Charging Stations. Electric vehicle charging stations shall be counted as required parking spaces. See 17.20.030 G for regulations regarding EV stations.

Off-street parking ratio requirements

A. Required spaces. Every drive-through establishment, constructed after the effective date of this ordinance, shall provide a minimum of five (5) stacking spaces, unless otherwise authorized by this article or determined by the Village Board as part of a special use review.

B. Design and layout.

1. The stacking spaces shall be designed so as not to interfere with the ingress and egress to the off-street parking, traffic circulation on- or off-site, and traffic visibility. 2. Drive-through facilities shall not be located in the front of the principal building and the maneuvering space shall be provided in the side or rear yard. 3. Drive-through establishments shall provide a bypass lane in a width and configuration approved by the Village engineer. 4. Stacking spaces should be separated from pedestrian paths or marked with signs to indicate such paths to drivers and requirement to yield to pedestrians.

A. General standards.

1. The same standards as off-street parking shall apply, unless otherwise stated herein. 2. Description. An off-street loading berth shall be a hard-surfaced area of land, open or enclosed, other than a street or a public way, used principally for the standing, loading or unloading of motor trucks, tractors and trailers so as to avoid undue interference with the public use of streets and alleys. A required loading space shall be at least twelve (12) feet in width, at least fifty-five (55) feet in length, and sixteen (16) feet in height, exclusive of access aisles and maneuvering space. 3. Location. No permitted or required loading berth shall be located along the front of any building except where location elsewhere is impractical and location along the front of the building is specifically authorized by the Planning and Zoning Commission. No berth shall be closer than fifty (50) feet to any property or street in a residential district unless completely enclosed by building walls, or a uniformly painted solid fence or wall, or any combination thereof not less than six (6) feet in height. No permitted or required loading berth shall be located within thirty (30) feet of the nearest point of intersection of any two (2) streets. Loading berths open to the sky may be located in any required yard, preferably not the front yard. 4. Access. Each required off-street loading berth shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic movements and which, where applicable, shall be subject to approval through the site plan review process. Loading docks and/or overhead doors that may require the backing up of a vehicle within a public right-of-way must be specifically approved through a zoning petition by the Planning and Zoning Commission and Village Board or by a building permit issued by the Zoning Administrator. Such conditions should be limited to streets that are interior local streets to an industrial district and should not be oriented to collector or arterial streets or streets that are directly connected to streets in a residential district. The appearance of these facilities shall be enhanced with specific elements or architecture, lighting and landscaping to provide compatible conditions with the streetscape in the industrial area. 5. Receiving facilities. Uses for which off-street loading facilities are required by this Chapter, but which are located in buildings of less floor area than the minimum prescribed for such required facilities, or may be reasonably expected to receive or distribute goods, shall be provided with adequate receiving facilities off any adjacent alley, service drive or open space on the same lot which is accessible by motor vehicle, as shall be determined through the site plan review process. 6. Utilization. Space allocated to any off-street loading facility shall not be used to satisfy the requirement for any off-street parking area or portion thereof. 7. Off-street loading and unloading facilities. In all districts where property uses include the loading and unloading of materials or merchandise from vehicles, off-street loading and unloading facilities shall be provided in accordance with the following requirements. B. Schedule of loading spaces. 1. The minimum number of off-street loading spaces required shall be based on the Gross Floor Area of the associated structure in keeping with the table below: