Table 30-36-1, Site Development and Design Purpose Statements, provides the purpose for each of the Divisions in this ZLUO. 

1. A.
   Generally. The standards of this Division apply to new development, redevelopment, and expansions of uses, sites, and buildings, as shown in Table 30-37-1, General Applicability For Site Development and Design Standards. 
2. B.
   Timing of Compliance. No permanent Certificate of Occupancy shall be issued until all site improvements required in this Chapter are constructed in conformance with the approved application required in Article VII, Development Review Procedures.

1. A.
   Generally. This Section establishes minimum requirements for general aspects of development that are not addressed by the specific standards in the remaining Divisions of this Article.
2. B.
   Visibility Triangle. On a corner lot, no structure shall be erected or constructed, and no vegetation shall be planted and allowed to grow, in such a manner as to impede vision within the visibility triangle as described in Sec. 30-99, Measurements. 
3. C.
   Performance Standards.

   1. 1.
      Noise. Noise emitting from a property shall not exceed the following levels when measured from any adjacent residential property line:

      1. a.
         7:00 p.m. until 7:59 a.m.: 55 decibels; and
      2. b.
         8:00 a.m. until 5:59 p.m.: 60 decibels.
   2. 2.
      Smoke. The emission of smoke or dust by any land use in an amount sufficient to create a general nuisance to adjoining properties shall be prohibited.
   3. 3.
      Odors. No use shall cause or allow the emission of odorous air contaminants from any source sufficient to result in detectable odors beyond any lot line on which the use occurs.
   4. 4.
      Glare and Heat. Any operation producing intense light or heat, including high-temperature processes such as combustion or welding, shall not be visible or felt beyond any lot line bounding the property wherein the use is conducted. All exterior lighting on private property shall be positioned as to extend glare away from adjacent properties or right-of-ways.
   5. 5.
      Air and Water Pollutants. The emission of air and water pollutants shall not violate the standards and regulations of any local, state, or federal agency having jurisdiction in this matter.
   6. 6.
      Hazardous Materials. The storage, utilization, and manufacture of solid, liquid, and gaseous chemicals and other materials shall be permitted subject to the standards and regulation of any local, state, or federal agency having jurisdiction in this matter.

1. A.
   Purpose.  The provisions of this Section set forth special cases that warrant flexibility in the developmental standards in this ZLUO.
2. B.
   Permitted Setback Encroachments.

   1. 1.
      Architectural Features.  Except where a minimum side setback is less than six feet, cornices, canopies, gutters, eaves or other architectural features may project into required setbacks a maximum of three feet.
   2. 2.
      Balconies, Decks, and Porches.  Unenclosed balconies, decks, and porches may project into a front or rear setback a maximum of 10 feet, but shall not be closer than 10 feet from the front property line.
   3. 3.
      Bay Windows and Chimneys.  Bay windows and chimneys may project into required setbacks a maximum of two feet, provided that such features do not occupy, in the aggregate, more than one-third of the length of the building wall on which they are located and provided they are set back a minimum of three feet from all property lines.
   4. 4.
      Outdoor Seating.  Outdoor seating associated with a Restaurant Use Category may project a maximum of five feet into a required front setback, provided the space is at grade and is separated from the right-of-way by landscaping or a vertical barrier.
   5. 5.
      Fences and Perimeter Wall. Fences and perimeter walls may encroach into required setbacks as described in Sec. 30-42, Fence and Wall Standards.
3. C.
   Permitted Height Encroachments. The following building elements and appurtenances may exceed the allowable height of the applicable district by no more than 20 feet:

   1. 1.
      Belfries;
   2. 2.
      Chimneys;
   3. 3.
      Cooling towers;
   4. 4.
      Fire towers​​​​​​;
   5. 5.
      Public monuments;
   6. 6.
      Ornamental towers and spires;
   7. 7.
      Roof gables; 
   8. 8.
      Stage towers or scenery lofts; and
   9. 9.
      Vent stacks.

1. A.
   Generally.  This Section establishes standards for the building exteriors and other typical site elements of nonresidential structures and sites. 
2. B.
   Mechanical Equipment. Rooftop mechanical equipment shall be screened from view from the public right-of-way. 
3. C.
   Refuse Containers and Waste Equipment.

   1. 1.
      Applicability. The following standards shall apply to the enclosure and screening of refuse containers and waste equipment, including carts on wheels (for food waste, trash, and recycling), waste oil containers, compactors, and dumpsters (trash and recycling) for all nonresidential and mixed-use developments and for residential developments that provide dumpsters in place of individual trash bins. 
   2. 2.
      Location.  Refuse containers and waste equipment shall be located in the side or rear yard.
   3. 3.
      Foundation Surface.  Refuse containers and waste equipment shall be placed on a paved all-weather surface.
   4. 4.
      Distance from Use.  Refuse containers and waste equipment shall be located within 300 feet (walking distance) from all individual use(s) that they are intended to serve. 
   5. 5.
      Screening. Refuse containers and waste containers shall be screened from view from the public right-of-way and adjacent parcels in one of the following ways:

      1. a.
         Within an Building or Accessory Structure. Designating an enclosed space for waste equipment within a principal building or within an accessory structure such as a garage; or
      2. b.

         Within an Designated Enclosure. Screened on all sides by an enclosure that:

         1. i.
             Is made from permanent and durable materials matching the primary structure;
         2. ii.
            Is a minimum height of six feet or tall enough to cover all containers and equipment being screened, whichever is greater; and
         3. iii.
            Is furnished on one side with an opaque, lockable gate as shown in Figure 30-40-1, Refuse Containers and Waste Equipment Enclosure. 

Figure 30-40-1, Refuse Containers and Waste Equipment Enclosure

4. D.
   Outdoor Dining Facilities. The following development standards apply to all outdoor dining areas:

   1. 1.
      Clear Path. A clear path of at least five feet wide, free of all obstructions to the flow of pedestrian traffic, shall be provided in the public right-of-way and shall be maintained at all times.
5.  
   2. 2.
      Shall Not Obstruct an Entrance. No outdoor dining area shall obstruct the entrance to any building, interfere with or impede the flow of pedestrian or vehicle traffic, or create any other condition that is detrimental to the appearance of the premises or any surrounding property, or in any other manner is detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare or causes a public nuisance.
   3. 3.
      Furniture. Outdoor dining area furniture, including but not limited to tables, chairs, and umbrellas, shall be of high quality and consistent with the theme of the primary establishment or overall premises.
   4. 4.
      Hours and Circulation. An outdoor dining area shall be used only for dining, drinking, and circulation, and shall operate only in conjunction with and during the same hours as the adjacent eating and drinking establishment.
   5. 5.
      Free of Litter. The area within, and adjacent to, the outdoor dining area shall be clean and free of litter at all times.
   6. 6.
      Trash or Storage Areas. Trash or storage areas shall not be located on or adjacent to the public right-of-way.
   7. 7.
      Orientation. Outdoor dining shall be oriented away from adjacent residential uses except as approved by the approving authority.
6. F.
   Drive-In or Drive-Through Facilities.

   1. 1.
      Access. The entrance and exit to all drive-in and drive-through facilities shall take access from an arterial or collector street.
   2. 2.
      Location. The drive-in or drive-through facility shall not be located within the front yard setback.
   3. 3.
      Screening. Ordering stations facing abutting residentially zoned or used property shall be screened with landscaping and with a fence at least five feet in height.

1. A.
   Applicability. The standards of this Section shall apply to nonresidential, mixed use, and multi-unit apartment buildings and properties withing the Downtown (DT) zoning district.
2. B.
   Building Orientation. Buildings shall be oriented toward the public right-of-way or a public plaza or outdoor space immediately adjacent to the property.
3. C.
   Building Entrances.  Each building shall have clearly-defined customer entrances that include a minimum of three of the following features:

   1. 1.
      Canopies, awnings, porticos, arcades, or overhangs;
   2. 2.
      Over the door or peaked roof forms;
   3. 3.
      Arches;
   4. 4.
      Decorative lighting;
   5. 5.
      Outdoor patios or plazas;
   6. 6.
      Display windows;
   7. 7.
      Obviously differentiating architectural details such as moldings that are integrated into the building structure and design; or
   8. 8.
      Integral planters or wing walls that incorporate landscaped areas and/or places for sitting. 
4. D.
   Building Form of Multi-Story Buildings.  Buildings with more than two stories shall be designed with a clearly differentiated base, middle, and cap as described below:

   1. 1.
      Building Cap.  A recognizable cap shall include one or more of the following features:

      1. a.
         Three-dimensional cornice treatments, other than just colored stripes or bands; 
      2. b.
         Sloping roofs with overhanging eaves and brackets; or
      3. c.
         Stepped parapets.
   2. 2.
      Building Base.  A recognizable base shall include a minimum of one of the following:

      1. a.
         Taller ground floor height than the upper stories (by at least 2 feet);
      2. b.
         Thicker walls, ledges, or sills;  
      3. c.
         Raised planters, which are integral to the building façade; or
      4. d.
         Change in building materials or facade treatments.
5. E.

   Additional Architectural Detailing.  Buildings with a street-facing elevation longer than 100 feet and/or a gross floor area greater than 12,000 square feet shall include a minimum of three of the following features or details, which shall be used on each street-facing elevation and shall be spaced no more than 50 feet apart:

   1. 1.
      Changes in material;
   2. 2.
      Building offsets;
   3. 3.
      Columns or pilasters; 
   4. 4.
      Decorative ornamentation such as corbels, medallions (non‐signage), niches, wrought iron, balconets, or horizontal and rhythm patterned brickwork;
   5. 5.
      Windows and doors framed with smooth cobble, cast stone, limestone, or other decorative masonry headers and sills or dormer windows;
   6. 6.
      Vertical elements (tower, cupola, turret, arches, etc.);
   7. 7.
      Raised pilaster cornices (end columns at corner), or quoined corners; or
   8. 8.
      Canopies, awnings, porticos with colonnade, or arcades. 

1. A.
   Applicability. This Section applies to all fences and freestanding walls in all zoning districts, regardless if the fence or wall is voluntarily provided or required to be provided by this Article, Division 3.3, Limited and Conditional Uses, Division 4.5, Landscaping and Buffering, or elsewhere in this ZLUO.
2. B.
   Setbacks.  Fences and walls are permitted in any required setbacks, but shall not be located within the vision triangle as described in Sec. 30-99, Measurements.
3. C.
   Height.

   1. 1.
      Rear and Interior Side Yards. The maximum height for a fence or wall located in a rear or interior side yard shall be eight feet.
   2. 2.
      Front Yard. The maximum height for a fence or wall located in a front yard shall be four feet.
   3. 3.
      Exterior/Street Side Yard. The maximum height of a fence or wall within an exterior/street side setback shall be four feet. ​​​​​Fences or walls built parallel to the wall of the principal structure or located out of the exterior/street side setback may have a maximum height of eight feet. 
4. D.
   Permitted Materials. Fences or walls may be constructed of approved masonry, wood, decorative metal, chain link, woven wire mesh, and/or other materials traditionally used in private fence or wall construction. New and innovative materials such as plastics, PVCs, metal panels or metal slats, “honeycomb”, cementitious fiber board (e.g., “WoodCrete”), and other similar materials may be approved for use by the Director if the material is proven to be sturdy, durable and relatively maintenance-free. 
5. E.
   Prohibited Materials. Above-ground electrical fencing (does not include underground “virtual fencing”, which is allowed), wire mesh (such as hog wire or chicken wire), and barbed wire are prohibited as perimeter fencing except in the LI and HI zoning districts.
6. F.
   Gates. Gates used for access control within private street developments shall be set back a minimum of 20 feet from the intersecting public street right-of-way to allow for vehicular stacking to occur outside the public street right-of-way.

1. A.
   Outdoor Display of Merchandise.

   1. 1.
      Where Permitted. Outdoor displays of merchandise are permitted in DT, GR, NT and RC zoning districts.
   2. 2.
      Associated Use. The outdoor display area shall only involve items for sale by a business located within a permanent structure or a designated area on the same site.
   3. 3.
      Location.  Outdoor display areas shall be located in the buildable area of the site formed by the required setbacks. 
   4. 4.
      Area of Display. 

      1. a.
         Vehicles, Trailers, and Recreational Vehicles. Customary passenger vehicles, trailers, recreational vehicles (RV), motor vehicles, and other motorized machinery and equipment for sale or lease may be displayed on an unlimited basis outside a building on a paved, all-weather display area or lot.
      2. b.
         All Other Uses. The total area of the outdoor display shall not exceed 15% of the gross floor area of the principal building.
   5. 5.
      Attached to Principal Building. An outdoor display area that is attached to a principal building shall be:

      1. a.
         Directly adjacent to a wall of a principal structure;
      2. b.
         Configured as a walled and/or decoratively fenced area that is architecturally integrated into the principal structure;
      3. c.
         If covered, the display area shall be covered with a roof structure that is architecturally integrated into the principal building, except that nursery areas may be covered by greenhouse roofing, screening, or another cover material that is appropriate for protecting plant stock; and
      4. d.
         Not located in areas that are required or used for parking, loading, or vehicular circulation.
2. B.
   Outdoor Commercial Storage.

   1. 1.
      Where Permitted. Outdoor storage for nonresidential uses is permitted in the AG and HI zoning districts. Unless otherwise explicitly exempted, outdoor storage for nonresidential uses that are located in districts that are not set out in this Section is prohibited. 
   2. 2.
      Location. Outdoor storage areas may be adjacent to the principal building and shall comply with the same required minimum setbacks that apply to principal structures within that zoning district. 
   3. 3.
      Surfacing and Drainage. All outdoor storage facilities, including access aisles, driveways, and maneuvering areas, shall be composed of an all-weather surface and shall meet the drainage requirements of the City. 
   4. 4.

      Maneuvering of Inventory.  The site shall be of adequate size, shape, and design to ensure:

      1. a.

         All maneuvering of inventory will be contained on-site;

      2. b.

         No inventory will be backed onto the site from the public right-of-way;

      3. c.
         All on-site maneuvering shall occur without encroaching onto adjacent properties or rights-of-way; and
      4. d.
         Inventory will be maneuvered without conflicting with vehicular use areas. 

Purposes. The purposes of this Section are to:  

• Establish standards and regulations for safe and well-designed vehicle use areas that minimize conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles; 
• Offer flexible means of minimizing the amount of area devoted to vehicle parking by allowing reductions in the number of required spaces in context-sensitive locations.
• Ensure that development is served by a coordinated transportation system that permits the safe and efficient movement of motor vehicles, bicyclists, and pedestrians within and between developments, and local destinations such as places of assembly, employment, schools, parks, and shopping areas; and
• Access to sites is managed to maintain the desired function and safety of the adjacent streets.

1. A.
   Maintenance.

   1. 1.
      Refuse and Debris. Vehicle use areas shall be maintained free of refuse or debris. 
   2. 2.
      Owner Responsibility. Vehicle use areas shall be maintained by the property owner whether the associated building, use, or structure is continued or not.
   3. 3.
      Storage Prohibited. Vehicle use areas for off-street parking, loading, and stacking shall not be used for outdoor storage.
2. B.
   Non-Passenger Vehicle Parking. Non-passenger vehicles, which include recreational vehicles (RVs), travel trailers, boats, campers, pick-up coaches, motor homes, and other mobile structures shall comply with the following standards: 

   1. 1.
      Parking on the Street or Other Public ROW. RVs, travel trailers, boats, campers, pick-up coaches, motor homes or other mobile structures (excluding lawfully registered and operable passenger and light trucks) may only be parked on any street, public right-of-way, or alleyway under the following conditions:

      1. a.
         The vehicle shall not be parked for more than 24 hours continuously; and
      2. b.
         The vehicle shall not be parked for any period, more than once, every 90 days.
   2. 2.
      Parking on Private Property. Non-passenger vehicles as described in Paragraph C of this Section may be parked on privately owned property under the following conditions:

      1. a.
         Permission is granted by the property owner; and 
      2. b.
         Any such vehicle that is parked or stored in any required setback of single-family or two-family dwelling shall be parked or stored on an all-weather surface that is connected to an all-weather surfaced driveway to a street.
   3. 3.

      RV Repair. RVs may be parked at a legally operating RV repair or servicing facility while receiving service, provided when such vehicles are so parked, they shall not be used for living, sleeping, storing, or working quarters.

1. A.
   Off-Street Parking Access. All off-street parking shall have direct access to a public right-of-way through an alley, driveway, or permanent access easement.
2. B.
   Street Classification. Access to developed property shall be placed along a street in conformance with the type listed for the subject zoning district in Article II, Zoning Districts and Dimensional Standards, unless otherwise stated in this ZLUO. 
3. C.
   Vehicle Circulation.

   1. 1.

      Vehicles Spaces. Except for where parking is on a driveway or where valet or tandem parking is utilized, all required parking shall be designed so that vehicles enter or leave a parking space without having to move any other vehicle.

   2. 2.

      Turn-Arounds. Any parking row that does not provide two means of vehicular egress must provide a space designated as a turn-around area. This space shall be located at the end of a parking row, be designed with the minimum dimensions as shown in Figure 30-45-1, Vehicle Parking Turnaround Configuration, or another configuration deemed acceptable by the City Engineer, and include a “No Parking” sign.

      Figure 30-45-1, Vehicle Parking Turnaround Configuration
      Figure Notes: A = 24 ft.

4. D.
   Emergency Access.

   1. 1.
      Required. The applicant shall provide emergency access lanes (i.e. fire lanes) where necessary to provide adequate protection for a structure.
   2. 2.
      Dimensions. Dimensions for emergency access lanes and turnarounds, including width and clearance, shall comply with the requirements of the Fire Code. Any emergency access lane shall either connect at each end to a dedicated public street or be provided with a turnaround established in the Fire Code, with an additional distance of 10 feet on all sides clear of permanent structures. The driving surface within emergency access lanes shall be designed and constructed according to standards established for local public streets. 
   3. 3.
      Location. All structures shall be located within 150 feet of an emergency access lane or public street.

1. A.
   Residential Parking. Parking spaces for residential uses that are located in private garages, carports, or individual driveways do not have to be marked.  An area on a private residential lot is considered a parking space if:

   1. 1.
      Dimensions.  The area is at least 9 feet wide and 20 feet deep in dimension and is not part of an access drive to a private garage or carport;
   2. 2.
      Encroachment.  The area does not encroach upon a public sidewalk;
   3. 3.
      Surface.  The area has an improved hard surface; and
   4. 4.
      Access.  The area is directly accessible from the street or alley. 
2. B.

   General Parking Area and Space Design Standards.

   1. 1.
      Markings. Parking spaces for residential uses with dedicated parking spaces not located in private garages, carports, or individual driveways and all parking spaces for nonresidential and mixed-use developments shall be clearly marked on the pavement with yellow or white traffic paint or raised pavement markers.
   2. 2.
      Dimensions.

      1. a.
         Generally. Parking spaces, excluding required accessible spaces and spaces located inside parking structures, shall meet the minimum dimensional standards provided in Table 30-46-1, Standard Parking Lot Space Dimensions.
      2. b.
         Parking Spaces Inside Parking Structures. Individual parking spaces inside parking structures shall be a minimum of 8.5 feet wide and 17.5 feet deep.
   3. 3.
      Compact Spaces. Compact spaces, with signs indicating such, may compose a maximum of 30% of provided parking spaces. Individual compact spaces shall be a minimum of eight feet in width and 16 feet in depth. A reduction of two feet in required aisle width established in Table 30-46-1, Standard Parking Lot Space Dimensions, below, is permitted if all abutting parking spaces are compact. 
   4. 4.
      Combinations. When any combination of these types of parking is used (facing the same aisle), the widest aisle or access drive width requirements shall prevail. In addition, a two-foot overhang is permitted on the external sides of a parking area.

Table 30-46-1, Standard Parking Lot Space Dimensions
Key: -- = Not Applicable
Number of Rows and Space Angle	(A) Parking Space Width (min.)	(B) Parking Row Depth (min.)	(C) Driving Aisle Width (min.)		(D) Total Module  Size (row + aisle) (min.)		Illustration
			One Way	Two Way	One Way	Two Way
Single Row of Parking
0° (Parallel Parking)	End Spaces: 24 ft. Middle Spaces: 21 ft.	7 ft.	12 ft.	24 ft.	19 ft.	31 ft.
45° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	--	12 ft.	--	30 ft.
60° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	--	15 ft.	--	33 ft.
90° (Head-In Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	11 ft.	22 ft.	29 ft.	40 ft.
Double Row of Parking
0° (Parallel Parking)	End Spaces: 24 ft. Middle Spaces: 21 ft.	7 ft. per row 14 ft. total	12 ft.	24 ft.	26 ft.	38 ft.	​​​​
45° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	12 ft.	--	38 ft.	--
60° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	15 ft.	--	40 ft.	--
90° (Head-In Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	11 ft.	22 ft.	37 ft.	48 ft.F.

Table 30-46-1, Standard Parking Lot Space Dimensions
Key: -- = Not Applicable
Number of Rows and Space Angle	(A) Parking Space Width (min.)	(B) Parking Row Depth (min.)	(C) Driving Aisle Width (min.)		(D) Total Module  Size (row + aisle) (min.)		Illustration
			One Way	Two Way	One Way	Two Way
Single Row of Parking
0° (Parallel Parking)	End Spaces: 24 ft. Middle Spaces: 21 ft.	7 ft.	12 ft.	24 ft.	19 ft.	31 ft.
45° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	--	12 ft.	--	30 ft.
60° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	--	15 ft.	--	33 ft.
90° (Head-In Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	11 ft.	22 ft.	29 ft.	40 ft.
Double Row of Parking
0° (Parallel Parking)	End Spaces: 24 ft. Middle Spaces: 21 ft.	7 ft. per row 14 ft. total	12 ft.	24 ft.	26 ft.	38 ft.	​​​​
45° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	12 ft.	--	38 ft.	--
60° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	15 ft.	--	40 ft.	--
90° (Head-In Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	11 ft.	22 ft.	37 ft.	48 ft.F.

Table 30-46-1, Standard Parking Lot Space Dimensions
Key: -- = Not Applicable
Number of Rows and Space Angle	(A) Parking Space Width (min.)	(B) Parking Row Depth (min.)	(C) Driving Aisle Width (min.)		(D) Total Module  Size (row + aisle) (min.)		Illustration
			One Way	Two Way	One Way	Two Way
Single Row of Parking
0° (Parallel Parking)	End Spaces: 24 ft. Middle Spaces: 21 ft.	7 ft.	12 ft.	24 ft.	19 ft.	31 ft.
45° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	--	12 ft.	--	30 ft.
60° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	--	15 ft.	--	33 ft.
90° (Head-In Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	11 ft.	22 ft.	29 ft.	40 ft.
Double Row of Parking
0° (Parallel Parking)	End Spaces: 24 ft. Middle Spaces: 21 ft.	7 ft. per row 14 ft. total	12 ft.	24 ft.	26 ft.	38 ft.	​​​​
45° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	12 ft.	--	38 ft.	--
60° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	15 ft.	--	40 ft.	--
90° (Head-In Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	11 ft.	22 ft.	37 ft.	48 ft.F.

Table 30-46-1, Standard Parking Lot Space Dimensions
Key: -- = Not Applicable
Number of Rows and Space Angle	(A) Parking Space Width (min.)	(B) Parking Row Depth (min.)	(C) Driving Aisle Width (min.)		(D) Total Module  Size (row + aisle) (min.)		Illustration
			One Way	Two Way	One Way	Two Way
Single Row of Parking
0° (Parallel Parking)	End Spaces: 24 ft. Middle Spaces: 21 ft.	7 ft.	12 ft.	24 ft.	19 ft.	31 ft.
45° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	--	12 ft.	--	30 ft.
60° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	--	15 ft.	--	33 ft.
90° (Head-In Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft.	11 ft.	22 ft.	29 ft.	40 ft.
Double Row of Parking
0° (Parallel Parking)	End Spaces: 24 ft. Middle Spaces: 21 ft.	7 ft. per row 14 ft. total	12 ft.	24 ft.	26 ft.	38 ft.	​​​​
45° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	12 ft.	--	38 ft.	--
60° (Diagonal Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	15 ft.	--	40 ft.	--
90° (Head-In Parking)	9 ft.	18 ft. per row 26 ft. total	11 ft.	22 ft.	37 ft.	48 ft.F.

1. A.

   Generally. Accessible parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with this Section, as required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Texas Accessibility Standards, for all uses that are served by a parking lot.

2. B.
   Relationship to Required Number of Parking Spaces. Accessible off-street parking spaces required by this Subsection shall count toward fulfilling the total off-street parking requirements.
3. C.
   Location of Accessible Spaces. Accessible parking spaces shall be located as close as possible to an entrance that allows such persons to enter and leave the parking area and building without assistance. If possible, the spaces shall be located so that the accessible route from the accessible spaces to the accessible entrance should not cross a driving aisle or road.
4. D.
   Number of Accessible Parking Spaces.

   1. 1.
      Generally. In general, the number of accessible spaces shall be in accordance with Table 30-47-1, Off-Street Accessible Parking Spaces Required, or as required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Standards for Accessible Design and ADA Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities published by the United States Access Board.  If any of the standards within this Subsection and the United States Access Board are in conflict, then whichever requires more spaces shall be used. 
   2. 2.

      Multi-Dwelling Residential Development. In multi-dwelling residential development, one accessible parking space shall be provided for each unit that is designed for occupancy by a person with disabilities.

   3. 3.
      Valet Parking. No accessible spaces are required for valet-only parking lots.

1. A.
   Minimum Number of Off-Street Loading Spaces Required.  The number of off-street loading spaces shall be provided in accordance with Table 30-48-1, Minimum Off-Street Loading Spaces Required. Each loading space shall be designated as such and shall only be used for loading purposes.
2. B.
   Outdoor Storage.  For the purposes of this Section, each two square feet of exterior area used for outdoor storage shall be considered equivalent to one square foot of enclosed gross floor area.
3. C.
   Common Loading Spaces. Multiple uses or occupancies located in a single building or on one site may be served by a common loading space if the Director determines that the loading space can adequately serve each use. For this purpose, the minimum number of required spaces shall be based on the use category having the greatest number of resulting spaces.

4. D.
   Loading Space and Area Design. 

   1. 1.
      Location.

      1. a.
         On-Premises. All loading space shall be within a building or on the same lot as the principal building. 
      2. b.
         Behind Building. Docks and loading spaces shall be located behind buildings.
      3. c.
         No Encroachment. No portion of a loading space may extend into a public right-of-way, off-street parking area, or setbacks.
   2. 2.
      Loading Space Dimensions. At least half of the provided loading spaces shall be at least 10' x 40'. The remainder shall be at least 10' x 20'.
   3. 3.
      Lighting.  Any lighting used to illuminate off-street loading or unloading areas shall not glare on any right-of-way or adjacent property and comply with all the standards of Division 4.6, Outdoor Lighting.
5. E.
   Screening and Buffering. 

   1. 1.
      Generally.  Docks and loading spaces shall be screened from view from abutting properties and public right-of-way.
   2. 2.
      Abutting Residential Properties.  Truck access and loading areas that are located between a principal building and a residential property shall comply with the following additional standards:

      1. a.
         Use of Enclosed Loading.  The loading area shall be enclosed by a roof and a wall between the principal building and the property boundary line (as depicted in Figure 30-48-1, Illustrative Example of Enclosed Loading, below).  The walls of the enclosure shall be tall enough to completely screen the delivery vehicle and shall be designed and constructed with architectural elements such as windows, awnings, or other features that complement the exterior of the principal building.  The portion of the bufferyard between the enclosed loading and the property line may be reduced by one level of opacity with the remainder of the bufferyard being the opacity level required for the applicable zoning district by Sec. 30-53, Bufferyard Standards; or
      2. b.
         Absence of Enclosed Loading.  The loading area shall be screened along its length by a Type B district bufferyard with an eight-foot-tall masonry wall.

1. A.
   Generally.  Driveway stacking areas are used to queue vehicles off-street prior to exiting a property, minimize congestion, and increase safety.
2. B.
   Minimum Number of Stacking Spaces Required.  Stacking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the requirements in Table 30-49-1, Minimum Vehicle Stacking Spaces Required.

3. C.

   Vehicle Stacking Space and Area Design Standards.

   1. 1.
      Bypass Lane. Stacking lanes shall be designed with an abutting bypass lane that meets the minimum width in Table 30-49-2, Vehicle Stacking Dimensions, to allow vehicles to circumvent the drive-through lane.
   2. 2.
      Circulation and Marking. Stacking lanes shall be clearly marked and shall not interfere with on-site or off-site traffic circulation.
   3. 3.
      Turn-Around Area.  Controlled or gated entrances shall be designed so that vehicles may turn around without backing out into the public right-of-way.
   4. 4.
      Blocking Prohibited.  Stacking areas shall be designed to avoid, if reasonably possible, and otherwise minimize, the blocking of access to driveways or parking areas.
   5. 5.
      Not Permitted in ROW. Stacking spaces shall not occupy any portion of a public right-of-way.
   6. 6.
      Stacking Space Dimensions. Vehicle stacking spaces shall meet the minimum dimensional standards provided in Table 30-49-2, Vehicle Stacking Dimensions.

4. D.
   Drive-Through, Restaurant.  Figure 30-49-1, Drive-Through Restaurant Stacking Illustration, provides an illustration of a restaurant use with a drive-through.

Purpose. The purpose of this Division is to establish minimum exterior landscaping requirements that enhance the appearance of residential and commercial structures and areas in the City of Sweetwater in a way that contributes to the positive character of the city and to the quality of life of its residents. 

1. A.
   Applicability. Table 30-50-1, Required Landscaping Types, establishes the areas and types of landscaping required for developments by land use.  Figure 30-50-1, Illustrative Landscape Types, shows the location of landscape areas and types on a development site.
2. B.
   Ground Covers. All pervious areas on a site where landscaping and buffering is required shall be brought to finish grade and seeded or planted in sod, native grasses, or other appropriate ground covers.

4. D.
   Timing of Compliance. Landscaping shall be in place and in compliance with this Division prior to the issuance of a permanent Certificate of Occupancy.
5. E.
   Deferred Installation. If weather conditions do not permit planting, installation of plant material may be delayed until the start of the next growing season. In such cases, the Building Official is authorized to issue a temporary Certificate of Occupancy for a period of up to eight months. Required landscaping shall be in place prior to the expiration of the temporary Certificate of Occupancy. A permanent Certificate of Occupancy may be issued once required landscaping is in place.
6. F.
   Plant Materials. 

   1. 1.
      Approved Plant Materials. Appendix A, Plant List, contains the plant species that approved to be planted and count toward fulfilling the recommendations of this Division.
   2. 2.
      Prohibited Plant Materials. Plants that are on the Texas State Noxious Weed List, as provided by the USDA, are prohibited.
7. G.
   Distance from Utilities. As measured from the nearest easement line of such utilities:

   1. 1.
      Overhead Lines. No canopy trees shall be planted under or within 10 lateral feet of any overhead utility lines.
   2. 2.
      Underground Lines. No canopy trees shall be planted within 5 lateral feet of all underground utilities.
8. H.
   Installation and Maintenance.

   1. 1.
      Nursery Stock. Trees and shrubs planted according to this Division shall be good, healthy nursery stock.
   2. 2.
      Installation. Property owners are responsible for installing landscape materials required by this Division following standard practices of horticultural professionals and for maintaining required landscaping in good condition.
   3. 3.
      Visibility Triangle. Plant materials shall not be installed where they may compromise the visibility triangle established in Sec. 30-99, Measurements.
   4. 4.
      Maintenance. Continual Maintenance of landscaping shall include continuous removal of weeds, mowing, trimming, edging, cultivation, reseeding, plant replacement, appropriate fertilization, spraying, control of pests, insects, and rodents by nontoxic methods whenever possible, watering, and other operations necessary to assure normal, healthy plant growth.
   5. 5.
      Free of Trash, Litter, and Weeds. Landscaped areas shall be kept free of trash, litter, weeds, and other such materials that are not a part of the landscaping.
   6. 6.
      Minimum Size of Plants at Installation. Plant material that is installed to comply with the requirements of this Section shall be of the sizes set out in Table 30-50-2, Minimum Size of Plants at Installation.

9. I.
   Replacement of Damaged or Dead Vegetation. Any damaged or dead trees, shrubs, or ground cover shall be removed and replaced within six months, or by the next planting period, whichever comes first, by plant material similar in type to that which was removed.
10. J.
    Existing Landscaping Credit. Credit shall be given for existing trees according to the standards of Section 30-51, Tree Preservation Credits.
11. K.
    Landscape Plan. Before the issuance of a Building Permit on any property to which this Division applies, a Landscape Plan shall be required. If the required landscaping is part of a development subject to Division 6.3, Site Development and Use Permit Procedures, the landscape plan shall be a part of the application submittal. 

1. A.
   Applicability. Developments required to include parking lot plantings, as denoted in Table 30-50-1, Required Landscaping Types, shall provide such plantings following the standards below.   
2. B.
   Corner Islands.

   1. 1.
      Location and Size. Corner islands shall be provided at the corners of the parking lot. Each corner island shall be a minimum size of 200 sq. ft. and defined by the intersection of the parking rows at each corner lot. 
   2. 2.
      Number of Plantings. Each corner island shall contain a minimum of one canopy tree.
3. C.
   Interior Islands.

   1. 1.
      Location and Size. Interior islands shall be provided at minimum intervals of one island per 20 parking spaces. Each interior island shall be a minimum of 75 square feet. 
   2. 2.
      Number of Plantings. Each interior island shall contain groundcover and a minimum of one ornamental tree and five shrubs. 
4. D.
   Groundcover. Corner and interior islands shall consist of groundcover including ornamental grasses, native grasses, or other perennial flowering plants. Such spaces may include architectural features such as benches, kiosks, or bicycle parking.  
5. E.
   Protection of Landscape Islands.  Landscape islands shall be protected by wheel stops or six-inch curbs, or similar structures.  Curbs may be punctuated to allow for stormwater flows, provided that the punctuations do not interfere with their protective function.

1. A.
   Applicability. Developments that are required to include site and foundation landscaping, as denoted in Table  30-50-1, Site Landscaping, shall provide such plantings according to the standards below.
2. B.
   Location. Site landscaping is required in all areas not designated for bufferyards, parking lot landscaping, or used for pedestrian and vehicular access to the building (for example, sidewalks, parking spaces, loading spaces, service areas, and drive-in or drive-through facilities).
3. C.

   Number and Type of Plantings. The number and type of plantings shall be provided in accordance with Table 30-52-1, Number and Type of Plantings.

1. A.
   Applicability. Bufferyards shall be required between differing zoning districts as denoted in Table 30-53-1, District Bufferyards. The type of bufferyard required is based on the amount of buffering and screening they provide​​​​​​. Some limited or conditional land uses require bufferyards as part of the standards for that specific use. Refer to Division 3.3, Limited and Conditional Uses. 
2. B.
   Bufferyard Types. There are two types of bufferyards. Bufferyards are classified in terms of intensity (i.e. width and number and types of manmade and plant materials required) from less (“Type A”) to moderate (“Type B”). The type of bufferyard required is based on the amount of buffering and screening needed to minimize any negative effects of land uses in one district on land uses in the adjacent district.  
3. C.
   Voluntary Bufferyard Increase. In some instances, a property may have excess land to devote to bufferyards, in which case the applicant is encouraged to provide a wider bufferyard than is required by this Section.

1. A.
   Generally. To preserve the City's existing tree canopy, healthy, mature trees that are preserved on-site may count toward the landscaping requirements of this Division.
2. B.
   Credits Awarded.  In place of all or a portion of the required site landscaping, parking lot, and bufferyard landscaping an applicant shall receive credit towards such requirements for the preservation of existing trees, as outlined in Table 30-54-1, Credit for Preservation of Trees.

3. C.
   Replacement of Credited Trees. Should any tree for which credit is received under the provisions of this Section die or be removed at any time, the owner shall, within 180 days, replace the tree. The owner shall replace the tree with the number of credited trees (for example, if a nine-inch caliper existing tree dies, then the owner shall replace the tree with four new trees). The replacement trees shall be of an equivalent species or a species that will obtain the same height, spread, and growth characteristics.

1. A.
   Applicability.   All outdoor lighting within the City shall comply with the requirements of this Section unless required otherwise by state, federal, or local law. See Division 4.7, Signage, for sign illumination requirements.
2. B.
   Exempt Lighting. The following types of outdoor lighting are exempt from the requirements of this Division:

   1. 1.
      Temporary Lighting for Outdoor Recreational Uses. Temporary lighting for outdoor recreational uses such as ball diamonds, playing fields, tennis courts, and similar uses, provided that such uses limit the hours of illumination to be extinguished by no later than 11:00 p.m;
   2. 2.
      Emergency Lighting. Lighting used only under emergency conditions;
   3. 3.
      Street Lights. Lighting used for the principal purpose of illuminating streets and sidewalks;
   4. 4.
      Gas Lamps. Open flame gas lamps; 
   5. 5.
      Water Features. Underwater lighting in fountains, swimming pools, and other water features;
   6. 6.
      State and Federal Mandates. Lighting required by state and federal laws (e.g., FAA);
   7. 7.
      Building Code. Lighting required by the building code;
   8. 8.
      Ornamental Lighting. Ornamental Lighting with a rated initial luminaire lumen output of 525 lumens or less; and
   9. 9.
      Seasonal Lighting. Temporary seasonal lighting.

3. C.
   Prohibited Lighting. The following outdoor lighting is prohibited:

   1. 1.
      Traffic Control Lights. Light fixtures that imitate an official highway or traffic control light or sign;
   2. 2.
      Lights Obstructing Traffic. Light fixtures obstructing any traffic control light or sign from drivers in the roadway;
   3. 3.
      Lasers. Laser source lights or similar high-intensity lights when projected above a line horizontal with the light source;
   4. 4.
      Flashing Lights. Light fixtures that have a flashing or intermittent pattern of illumination;
   5. 5.
      Unshielded Lights. Unshielded wall packs; 
   6. 6.
      Lights Located in the Public Right-of-Way. Privately-owned light fixtures located in the public right-of-way; and
   7. 7.
      Searchlights. Searchlights, except when used by federal, state, or local authorities.

1. A.
    Light Fixture Types.

   1. 1.
      Wall Mounted. A fixture attached to the exterior of a wall or other structure.
   2. 2.
      Freestanding Cut-Off. A fixture that is not attached to another structure with 100 percent of its output below 90 degrees from a vertical line through the fixture, as illustrated in Figure 30-56-1, Free Standing Light Fixture Types.
   3. 3.
      Freestanding No Cut-Off. A fixture that is not attached to another structure without a 90-degree cut-off that is used for decorative purposes, as illustrated in Figure 30-56-1, Free Standing Light Fixture Types. 

Figure 30-56-1, Freestanding Light Fixture Types
Freestanding Cut-Off Fixture	Freestanding No Cut-Off Fixture

2. B.
   General Design and Illumination Standards for All Light Fixture Types.

   1. 1.
      Fully Shield. Unless they meet the standards of paragraph E, below, all light sources shall be concealed or shielded with luminaires with cut-offs with an angle not exceeding 90 degrees to minimize the potential for glare and unnecessary diffusion on adjacent property. For purposes of this standard, “cutoff angle” is defined as the angle formed by a line drawn from the direction of light rays at the light source and a line perpendicular to the ground from the light source above from which no light is emitted. Figure 30-56-2, Illustrative Examples of Shielded Luminaires, displays multiple examples of shielded luminaires.
   2. 2.
      On-Site Illumination. On-site illumination shall measured in footcandles (fc) at three feet above grade and shall not exceed the following:

      1. a.
         Mixed or nonresidential use: 3.0 fc; and
      2. b.
         Agricultural or solely residential use: .05 fc.
   3. 3.
      Site Perimeter Illumination. Illumination of the perimeter of the site shall measured in footcandles (fc) at three feet above grade and shall not exceed the following:

      1. a.
         Adjoining a mixed or nonresidential use: 3.0 fc;
      2. b.
         Adjoining an agricultural or solely residential use: 0.5 fc; and
      3. c.
         Adjoining a public right-of-way: 3.0 fc.
   4. 4.
      Flags and Statues. Light fixtures used to illuminate flags, statues, or any other objects mounted on a pole, pedestal, or platform shall be mounted on the top of the pole with light directed down toward the flag, stature, or other object.
   5. 5.
      No Nuisance. Lighting shall be reflected or shielded so as not to be of excessive brightness or cause glare hazardous to pedestrians or drivers, create a nuisance, or unreasonably interfere with an abutting property owner's right to enjoy their property.
   6. 6.
      Constant Intensity. Luminaires shall produce light of constant intensity without changes or flickering.

Figure 30-56-2, Illustrative Examples of Shielded Luminaires

3. C.
   Design and Illumination Standards for Wall Mounted Fixtures. All wall-mounted fixtures shall comply with the maximum building height requirements specified in Article II, Zoning Districts and Dimensional Standards, for the district where the fixture is located.
4. D.
   Design and Illumination Standards for Freestanding Cut-Off Fixtures. Freestanding cut-off fixtures shall not exceed 30 feet in height.
5. E.
   Design and Illumination Standards for Freestanding No Cut-Off Fixtures. 

   1. 1.
      Height. Freestanding no cut-off fixtures shall not exceed 15 feet in height.
   2. 2.
      Luminaires. Freestanding no-cut-off fixtures shall not have luminaires that produce more than 1,500 lumens (approximately equal to a 100-watt incandescent bulb).
   3. 3.
      Energy Efficient Bulb. Freestanding no cut-off fixtures shall only use energy-efficient bulbs, such as compact fluorescent ("CF") and light-emitting diode ("LED").

1. A.
   Generally. This Division regulates only the sign structure and physical parameters, and not the sign’s content. Despite any other provision of this Division, no sign is subject to any limitation based on the content of its message.   
2. B.
   Sign Permit Required. No sign shall be erected, installed, converted, relocated, enlarged, or structurally modified within the City without a sign permit issued in accordance with Sec. 30-81, Sign Permit, unless exempted in Sec. 30-58, Prohibited and Exempt Signs.
3. C.
   Building, Electrical, and Fire Code Compliance and Permits. All signs shall comply with the standards of the City Building, Electrical, and Fire Codes. Signs with internal illumination or external illumination integral to the sign require an Electrical Permit, even if a Sign Permit is not required. Signs may require a Building Permit in accordance with the Building Code.
4. D.
   Owner's Consent Required.  No sign or sign structure shall be placed on private or public property without the consent of the owner or authorized agent
5. E.
   Reference to Sign Measurement Provisions. See Sec. 30-99, Measurements, for provisions related to sign measurement methodology.
6. F.
   Installation and Maintenance.

   1. 1.
       Installation.

      1. a.
         Freestanding Signs. Freestanding signs shall be self-supporting structures and be permanently attached to sufficient foundations.
      2. b.
         Attached Signs. Attached signs must derive their principle and total support from the building to which they are attached.
      3. c.
         Electrical Switch. The sign shall be equipped with a switch that prevents electricity from flowing to the sign in order to promote safety during maintenance. 
      4. d.
         Inspection Request. After any sign requiring a permit is constructed or erected, the sign contractor performing the work or service shall notify the Building Official for final inspection of the sign.
      5. e.
         Electrical Sign. Where an electrical sign is erected or constructed, an inspection by the electrical inspector shall be made. 
   2. 2.
      Maintenance. 

      1. a.
         Upkeep of Ground Around Sign. The area within a 10-foot radius of the base of a sign shall be kept free of weeds, rubbish, or flammable waste or material.
      2. b.
         Supports and Other Hardware. Structural supports, braces, bolds, clips, supporting frames and fastenings of a sign shall be kept in good repair and safe condition, including replacement of defective parts, so that the sign is securely fastened or anchored to a building wall, structural framing, or other foundation.
      3. c.
         Paint and Finishes. Paint and other finishes shall be maintained in good condition. Peeling finishes shall be repaired. Signs with running colors shall be repainted, repaired, removed, or replaced if the running colors were not part of the original design.
      4. d.
         Corrosion and Rust. Permanent signs and sign structures shall be finished and maintained to prevent corrosion and rust. A patina on copper elements is not considered rust.
      5. e.
         Level Position. Signs that are designed to be level shall be installed and maintained in a level position.
      6. f.
         Damage or Destruction. Any damaged signs and sign structures sustaining damage to the extent of 50 percent of the sign shall be repaired or removed within thirty 30 days of receipt of notice from the City. Damaged or destroyed nonconforming permanent signs are subject to the applicable requirements of Article VII, Nonconformities and Enforcement of ZLUO. Damaged or destroyed temporary signs shall be removed.
   3. 3.
      Removal of Abandoned or Dilapidated Signs.  Abandoned and dilapidated signs that are inadequately maintained and show evidence of deterioration, including peeling, rust, dirt, fading, discoloration, or holes,  shall be repaired or removed within 30 days of receipt of notice from the City.

1. A.
   Exempt Signs and Actions.   

   1. 1.
      Actions Not Requiring a Permit. The following actions do not require a Sign Permit:

      1. a.
         Routine maintenance, not involving structural changes to the sign;
      2. b.
         Changes of message, either manually or electronically, on an electronic message sign or changeable copy sign, subject to limitations of Sec. 30-61, Illumination and Changeable Copy Standards, on the frequency of message changes; or
      3. c.
         Changes of sign panels or letters that do not involve structural changes to the sign.
   2. 2.
      Signs Exempt from Regulation.  The following signs are exempt from regulation or do not require a Sign Permit:

      1. a.
         ATM Sign.  Signs incorporated into and designed as part of an automatic teller machine (ATM);
      2. b.
         Ancillary Signs.  A maximum of three ancillary signs that are:

         1. i.
            Placed at entrances and exits to the site or on the interior of the site but visible from a public street; and
         2. ii.
            Not larger than six square feet of sign area and/or less than four feet in height;
      3. c.
         Athletic Field Signs.  Signs located on the field side of scoreboards and fences of athletic fields; 
      4. d.
         Drive-Through Board Signs. Drive-through boards in districts where uses with drive-through facilities are permitted;
      5. e.
         Flags.  Flags attached to a flag pole;
      6. f.
         Government Signs.  Signs posted by local, state, and federal agencies such as regulatory signs and traffic control signs;
      7. g.
         Grave Markers, Statues, or Sculptures.  Grave markers, statues, or sculptures that are not commercial in nature;
      8. h.
         Handheld Signs.  Handheld signs or signs, symbols, or displays on persons;
      9. i.
         Interior Signs.  Signs located within a structure or on a site that are not visible from a public street;
      10. j.
          Mailboxes and Addresses:

          1. i.
             Signs on a standard size on a mailbox that do not exceed four square feet; or
          2. ii.
             Street markings painted on curbsides that do not exceed four square feet;
      11. k.
          Plaques or Monuments.  Plaques or tablets cut into a building surface when such sign is attached flush to the building or commemorative plaques or monuments placed by historical organizations; 
      12. l.
          Utility and Hazard Signs.  Safety and  signs, such as warnings of high voltage, explosives, hazardous materials and other dangerous situations; and
      13. m.
          Vehicle Signs.  Signs applied directly onto the body of a car, truck, bus, trailer, or other vehicle if such vehicle is operated in the normal course of a business and such vehicle is not used primarily to display such sign; and
2. B.

    Prohibited Signs, Design Elements, and Locations.

   1. 1.
      Prohibited Sign Types. The following types of signs are prohibited: 

      1. a.
         Abandoned signs;
      2. b.
         Animated or moving signs;
      3. c.
         Damaged or broken signs;
      4. d.
         Human Signs
      5. e.
         Roof signs;
      6. f.
         Portable signs;
      7. g.
         Snipe signs;
      8. h.
         Signs imitating or resembling official traffic signs, signals, or devices;
      9. i.
         Any sign that obstructs the view of bicyclists or motorists using any street, approach to any street intersection, or which interferes with the effectiveness of or obscures any traffic sign, device, or a signal shall be prohibited;
      10. j.
          No building wall, pylon, or monument sign shall be used as a billboard, except as expressly provided in this Section;
      11. k.
          All off-premise advertising and other signs not expressly permitted by this ZLUO; and
      12. l.
          Signs attached to or placed on vehicles or trailers that are parked or located for the primary purpose of displaying the sign.
   2. 2.

      Prohibited Design Elements.  The following design elements, regardless of sign type, are prohibited:

      1. a.
         1. i.
            Traffic Hazards.  Signs that interfere with, obstruct the view of, or may be confused with any authorized traffic sign, signal, or device because of its position, shape, or color;
         2. ii.
            Safety or Health.  Signs that constitute a hazard to safety or health because of inadequate design, construction, repair, or maintenance;
         3. iii.
            Confusion.  Use of the words “stop,” “look,” “go slow,” “caution,” “danger,” “warning,” or any other word, phrase, symbol, or character in a manner that has the potential to interfere, mislead, or confuse pedestrians or traffic;
         4. iv.
            Glare.  Illumination that causes a glare into or upon surrounding property based on the illumination standards established in Sec. 30-61, Illumination and Changeable Copy Standards, or a glare that the Director determines is a distraction to operators of vehicles or pedestrians on a public right-of-way;
         5. v.
            Lighting.  Reflectors, lights, or illuminations that flash, move, rotate, scintillate, blink, flicker, vary in intensity or color, or use intermittent electrical pulsation unless specifically permitted as part of the allowable signage enumerated in this ZLUO;
         6. vi.
            Moving Parts.  Except for changeable copy signs that otherwise comply with the requirements of this Division, signs that have visible moving, revolving, or rotating parts or visible mechanical movement of any kind, achieved by electrical or mechanical means;
         7. vii.
            Nuisance.  Sound, smoke, heat, or odor emitters; and
         8. viii.
            Unfinished Wood.  Unfinished wood support structures, except for stake signs, which may use unfinished stakes.
   3. 3.
      Prohibited Sign Locations.  A sign, regardless of sign type, is prohibited from being in the following locations:

      1. a.
         Closed Businesses.  At a business or advertising a product that is no longer in existence;
      2. b.
         Blocked Ingress or Egress.  At any location that prevents free ingress to or egress from any door, window, fire escape, or any other exit required by the Building or Fire Code of the City or by any other ordinance;
      3. c.
         Street Intersections.  At the intersection of streets in such a manner as to obstruct vision of the intersection; 
      4. d.
         Visibility Triangle. At a location that encroaches into the sight triangle established in Sec. 30-99, Measurements;
      5. e.
         Outdoor Amenities. Attached to or located upon outdoor exposed amenities such as trees, street signs, or utility poles;
      6. f.
         Vehicles.  Painted on or attached to a motor vehicle unless:

         1. i.
            The vehicle is operable and has current registration and tags;
         2. ii.
            The vehicle is legally parked within a parking space; and
         3. iii.
            The display of the sign is incidental to the vehicle use; and
      7. g.
         Public Right-Of-Way.  Except for marquee signs, projecting signs, or hanging signs that comply with the standards of Sec. 30-59, Permanent Sign Standards, signs that are located on, or project or extend over, any public right-of-way or other public property.

1. A.
   Generally.

   1. 1.
      Attached Signs. All attached signs must be affixed to a building wall, within the designated sign area, and may not exceed the allowable dimensions of this Section.
   2. 2.
      Freestanding Signs. All freestanding signs must be permanently installed in locations designated in the sign plan, and may not exceed the allowable dimensions of this Section. 
2. B.
   Unlisted Signs. Signs that are not listed in this Section are prohibited as permanent signs. 
    
3. C.
   Allowed Sign Types by District. Table 30-59-1, Permanent Sign Types by District, identifies on-premise signs allowed by zoning district. The key for the sign types table is as follows.

Table 30-59-1, Permanent Sign Types By District
Key: P = Permitted | -- = Not Permitted
Sign Type	Zoning Districts
	SR	TN	NM	NT1	DT	GR	RC	LI	HI	AG
Billboard Sign
Number Allowed (max.)	--		--	--	--	--	1		--
Sign Size (max.)	--		--	--	--	--	750 sq. ft.		--
Sign Height (max.)	--		--	--	--	--	35 ft.		--
Setback (min.)	--		--	--	--	--	40 ft.		--
Illumination1	--		--	--	--	--	External		--
Changeable Copy2	--		--	--	--	--	Yes		--
Sign Permit Required	--		--	--	--	--	Yes		--
Other Standards	1. Shall be located at least 700 ft. from another billboard.
Illustrative Example
Monument Sign
Number Allowed (max.)	--		1 per lot			1 per street frontage
Sign Size (max.)	--		48 sq. ft.			150 sq. ft.
Sign Height (max.)	--		6 ft.			12 ft.
Setback (min.)	--		5 ft.; 15 ft. if at street intersection			5 ft.; 15 ft. if at street intersection
Illumination1	--		External or Internal			External or Internal
Changeable Copy2	--		Permitted			Permitted
Sign Permit Required	--		Yes			Yes
Other Standards	1. Shall not be located within 50 ft. of a permanent freestanding sign on a different premises or within 125 ft. on same premises.
Illustrative Example
Subdivision Entry Sign
Number Allowed (max.)	2 per entry to subdivision		--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Sign Size (max.)	36 sq. ft.		--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Sign Height (max.)	4 ft.		--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Setback (min.)	5 ft.		--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Illumination1	External or Internal		--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Changeable Copy2	Not Permitted		--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Sign Permit Required	Yes		--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Illustrative Example
Pole Mounted Sign
Number Allowed (max.)	--		1 per lot	--	1 per lot		1 per street frontage
Sign Size (max.)	--		Less than 200 ft. of street frontage: 250 sq. ft. 200 ft. or more of street frontage: 350 sq. ft.	--	Less than 200 ft. of street frontage: 250 sq. ft. 200 ft. or more of street frontage: 350 sq. ft.
Sign Height (max.)	--		Less than 200 ft. of street frontage: 50 ft. 200 ft. or more of street frontage: 75 ft	--	Less than 200 ft. of street frontage: 50 ft. 200 ft. or more of street frontage: 75 ft.
Setback (min.)	--		10 ft.	--	10 ft.
Illumination1	--		External or Internal	--	External or Internal
Changeable Copy2	--		Yes	--	Yes
Sign Permit Required	--		Yes	--	Yes
Illustrative Example
Tables Notes: 1. See Sec. 30-61, Illumination and Changeable Copy Standards, for illumination standards for signs permitted to have illumination.   2. See Sec. 30-61, Illumination and Changeable Copy Standards, for changeable copy standards for signs permitted to have changeable copy. 3. Only applies to nonresidential uses.

1. A.
   Generally. The signs described in this Section  butdo not counttoward the total square footage of signage allowed on any particular property or site, provided that the sign otherwise complies with the Building Code, all applicable regulations of this ZLUO, and this Section, including the following: 

   1. 1.
      All temporary signs shall be made of durable materials and shall be well-maintained;
   2. 2.
      No temporary sign shall be located within a public right-of-way; 
   3. 3.
      The party posting the temporary sign is solely responsible for obtaining the permission of the property owner before posting their temporary sign.
2. B.
   Temporary Sign Types by District.  Table 30-60-1, Temporary Sign Types by District, identifies the permanent sign types permitted in each zoning district.
3. C.
   Unlisted Signs.  Signs that are not listed in 30-60-1, Temporary Sign Types by District, are prohibited as temporary signs in all zoning districts.
4. D.
   Authority to Removal. The Director has the authority to remove any temporary signage that does not meet any and all of the requirements of this Section.

Table 30-60-1, Temporary Sign Types by District
Key: "P"= Permitted  |  "--" = Not Permitted
Banner Sign
Number Allowed (max.)	--	Single Tenant Building: 1 per facade for single-tenant buildings; or Multi-Tenant Building: 1 per tenant or occupant for multi-tenant buildings
Sign Size (max.)	--	36 sq. ft.
Sign Height (max.)	--	10 ft. and shall not extend above the top of building facade
Sign Setback (min.)	--	--
Illumination1	--	Not Permitted
Days Sign May be Displayed (cycle) (max.)	--	28 days
Cycles per Calendar Year (max.)	--	2
Sign Permit Required	--	Yes
Feather Sign
Number Allowed (max.)	--	1 per 50 ft. of street frontage with a maximum of 3 per street frontage
Sign Size (max.)	--	24 sq. ft.
Sign Height (max.)	--	8 ft.
Sign Setback (min.)	--	5 ft.
Illumination1	--	Not Permitted
Days Sign May be Displayed (cycle) (max.)	--	30 days
Cycles per Calendar Year (max.)	--	4
Sign Permit Required	--	Yes
H-Frame Sign, Large
Number Allowed (max.)	1 per subdivision plat	1 per street frontage
Sign Size (max.)	64 sq. ft.	64 sq. ft.
Sign Height (max.)	6 ft.	8 ft.
Sign Setback (min.)	5 ft.	10 ft.
Illumination1	Not Permitted	Not Permitted
Days Sign May be Displayed (cycle) (max.)	90 days	90 days
Cycles per Calendar Year (max.)	2	2
Sign Permit Required	--	Yes
H-Frame Sign, Small
Number Allowed (max.)	1 per street frontage
Sign Size (max.)	9 sq. ft.
Sign Height (max.)	6 ft.
Sign Setback (min.)	8 ft.
Illumination1	Not Permitted
Days Sign May be Displayed (cycle) (max.)	90 days
Cycles per Calendar Year (max.)	2
Sign Permit Required	No
Inflatable/Balloon Sign
Number Allowed (max.)	--	1	--	1	--
Sign Size (max.)	--	--	--	--	--
Sign Height (max.)	--	10 ft. and shall not extend above the top of building facade	--	10 ft. and shall not extend above the top of building facade	10 ft. and shall not extend above the top of building facade
Sign Setback (min.)	--	10 ft.	--	10 ft.	10 ft.
Illumination1	--	--	--	--	Not Permitted
Days Sign May be Displayed (cycle) (max.)	--	14 days	--	14 days	14 days
Cycles per Calendar Year (max.)	--	2	--	2	2
Sign Permit Required	--	Yes	--	Yes	Yes
Other Standards	1. A permit is not required for up to 3 balloon signs less than 24 inches in diameter displayed for less than 3 days.
Stake Sign
Number Allowed (max.)	No max	2 per property
Sign Size (max.)	9 sq. ft. per side	9 sq. ft. per side
Sign Height (max.)	4 ft.	4 ft.
Sign Setback (min.)	5 ft.	5 ft.
Illumination1	Not Permitted	Not Permitted
Days Sign May be Displayed (cycle) (max.)	--	14 days
Cycles per Calendar Year (max.)	--	3
Sign Permit Required	No	No
Table Notes: 1. See Sec. 30-61, Illumination and Changeable Copy Standards, for illumination standards for signs permitted to have illumination. 2. Only applies to nonresidential uses.

1. A.
   Applicability. This Section applies to all permitted signs that include illumination or changeable copy components as denoted in Sec. 30-59, Permanent Sign Standards, and Sec. 30-60, Temporary Sign Standards. 
2. B.
   Illumination Standards.

   1. 1.
      Generally.

      1. a.
         Externally illuminated signs may be lighted by ground-mounted light fixtures or wall-mounted attachments to which light fixtures are affixed.
      2. b.
         Internally illuminated signs may include halo lighting, neon, or other sources that do not exceed the brightness standards below.
   2. 2.
      Brightness. Bulbs used to illuminate signs shall not exceed 35 watts each or the equivalent thereof.
   3. 3.
      Neon Lighting. In conjunction with projecting signs and marquee signs, neon or similar tubing may be used in conjunction with other types of materials to illuminate a sign.
   4. 4.
      Prohibited Sign Lighting. Signs that contain reflectors, lights, or illumination that flash, move, rotate, scintillate, blink, flicker, strobe, vary in intensity or color, or use intermittent electrical pulsation are prohibited.
3. C.
   Changeable Copy Standards.

   1. 1.
      General Design Requirements.

      1. a.
         Enclosure. If permitted for the sign type in the applicable district, electronic message centers or manual changeable copy centers shall be enclosed on all sides with a finish of brick, stone, stucco, powder-coated metal, or anodized aluminum. For electronic message centers,  the enclosure shall extend a minimum of six inches from the perimeter of the electronic message center surface in all directions. For manual changeable copy reader boards, gaps between the changeable copy reader board surface and the enclosure are permitted to accommodate locks and hinges that attach to the cover.  
      2. b.
         Maximum Size. Electronic message centers or manual changeable copy centers shall not exceed the following maximum sizes: 

         1. i.
            Marquees. A maximum of 100 square feet or 40 percent of the area of a marquee sign, whichever is less; and
         2. ii.
            Other signs. A maximum of 25 percent of the sign area of all other sign types.
   2. 2.
      Manual Changeable Copy. Lettering on a manual changeable copy readerboard shall be of a single style and shall be of uniform color and size.
   3. 3.

      Electronic Message Centers.

      1. a.
         Electronic message centers shall:

         1. i.
            Be monochromatic; 
         2. ii.
            Contain static messages only, excluding animation or video;
         3. iii.
            Display messages for not less than 15 seconds; and
         4. iv.
            Include an automatic dimmer that dims the sign at dusk or during low-light conditions.
      2. b.
         Electronic message centers shall not:

         1. i.
            Blink, rotate, move, chase, flash, glare, strobe, scintillate, or be distracting to drivers  or the public in general;
         2. ii.
            Include audio, pyrotechnic, or bluecasting (Bluetooth advertising) components;
         3. iii.
            Be included on or used as a portable or temporary sign; and
         4. iv.
            Use transitions (for example, scroll, roll, or fade in/out) or frame effects between messages.