The city recognizes that extraction of minerals is essential to the continued economic well being and needs of society and that the reclamation of mined lands is necessary to prevent or minimize adverse effects on the environment and to protect health and safety. The city also recognizes that surface mining takes place in diverse areas where the geologic, topographic, biological and social conditions are significantly different and those reclamations operations and the specifications may vary accordingly. The purpose and intent of this chapter is to regulate surface mining operations as authorized by California's surface mining and reclamation act of 1975, Public Resources Code section 2710 et seq., as amended, hereinafter referred to as "SMARA", and Public Resources Code section 2207, and the California Code Of Regulations adopted pursuant thereto, 14 California Code Of Regulations section 3500 et seq., to ensure that:

   (A)   Adverse environmental and other effects of surface mining operations will be prevented or minimized and reclamation of mined lands will provide for the beneficial, sustainable long term productive use of the mined and reclaimed lands; and

   (B)   The production and conservation of minerals will be encouraged while eliminating hazards to public health and safety and avoiding or minimizing adverse effects on the environment, including, but not limited to, geologic subsidence, air pollution, water quality degradation, damage to biological resources, flooding, erosion, degradation of scenic quality and noise pollution. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

The provisions of the California surface mining and reclamation act of 1975, Public Resources Code section 2710 et seq., Public Resources Code section 2207, and the California Code Of Regulations implementing the act, 14 California Code Of Regulations section 3500 et seq., and 14 California Code Of Regulations, article 9, chapter 8, section 3700 et seq., "reclamation standards", hereinafter also referred to as the "state regulations", as those provisions may be amended from time to time, are made a part of this chapter by reference with the same force and effect as if the provisions therein were specifically and fully set out herein, excepting that when the provisions of this chapter are more restrictive than conflicting state provisions, this chapter shall prevail. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

   (A)   Reclamation Plan: Unless exempted by the provisions of this chapter, any person who proposes to engage in surface mining, or who proposes to permit another person to engage in surface mining on his property shall, prior to the commencement of said operations, as defined in this section, first file and obtain approval from the city a reclamation plan in accordance with the provisions set forth in this chapter, as further provided in Public Resources Code section 2772 et seq., 14 California Code Of Regulations, article 9, chapter 8, section 3700 et seq., and financial assurances for reclamation.

   (B)   Requirements For Reclamation Plans: A reclamation plan shall be required for all surface mining operations in all zone districts in which surface mining is allowed, as well as for those portions of existing surface mining operations which claim to have vested rights pursuant to Public Resources Code section 2776, unless otherwise exempted from the requirements of SMARA or as set forth herein, Public Resources Code section 2770 et seq.

   (C)   Exemptions: This chapter shall not apply to the following activities:

      1.   Excavations or grading conducted for farming, on site construction, or for the purpose of restoring land following a flood or natural disaster, Public Resources Code section 2714(a).

      2.   Prospecting for, or the extraction of, minerals for commercial purposes and the removal of overburden in total amounts of less than one thousand (1,000) cubic yards in any one location of one acre or less, Public Resources Code section 2714(b).

      3.   Surface mining operations that are required by federal law in order to protect a mining claim, if such operations are conducted solely for that purpose (SMARA §2714(c)).

      4.   Such other surface mining operations which the state mining and geology board determines to be of an infrequent nature and which involve only minor surface disturbances, Public Resources Code section 2714(d).

      5.   Emergency excavations or grading conducted by the department of water resources or the reclamation board for the purpose of averting, alleviating, repairing or restoring damage to property due to imminent or recent floods, disasters or other emergencies, Public Resources Code section 2714(f).

      6.   Surface mining operations conducted on lands owned or leased, or upon which easements or rights of way have been obtained by the department of water resources for the purpose of state water resources development system or flood control, and surface mining operations on lands owned or leased, or upon which easements or rights of way have been obtained, by the reclamation board for the purpose of flood control, if the department of water resources adopts, after submission to and consultation with, the department of conservation, a reclamation plan for lands affected by these activities, and those lands are reclaimed in conformance with the standards specified in regulations of the board adopted pursuant to this chapter, Public Resources Code section 2714(g)(1).

Nothing in this section shall require the department of water resources or the reclamation board to obtain a permit or secure approval of a reclamation plan from the city in order to conduct surface mining operations specified in subsection (A) of this section. Nothing in this section shall preclude the bringing of an enforcement action pursuant to Public Resources Code section 2774.1 if it is determined that a surface mine operator acting under contract with the department of water resources or the reclamation board on lands other than those owned or leased, or upon which easements or rights of way have been obtained, by the department of water resources or the reclamation board, is otherwise not in compliance with Public Resources Code section 2710 et seq., Public Resources Code section 2714(g)(2).

An exemption under this chapter does not automatically exempt a project or activity from the application of other regulations, ordinances or policies of the city, including, but not limited to, application of the California environmental quality act, Public Resources Code section 21000 et seq., requirement of site approvals or other permits, the payment of development impact fees, or the imposition of other dedications and exactions as may be permitted under the law. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

   (A)   Application Form: Applications for a reclamation plan for surface mining or land reclamation projects shall be made on forms provided by the planning department. Said application shall be filed in accord with this chapter and procedures established by the planning director.

   (B)   Number, Information Required: As many copies of a reclamation plan application as may be required shall be submitted in conjunction with all applications for surface mining operations. The reclamation plan application shall include information concerning the mining operation that is required for processing the reclamation plan.

   (C)   Environmental Review Forms: Applications shall include all required environmental review forms and information prescribed by the planning director.

   (D)   Planning Commission Consideration: Upon completion of the environmental review procedures and filing of all documents required by the planning director, consideration of an application for the proposed or existing surface mine shall be completed prior to public hearing before the planning commission, pursuant to Public Resources Code section 2774. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

   (A)   Notification: Within thirty (30) days acceptance of an application for surface mining operations and/or a reclamation plan as complete, the planning director shall notify the director of the California department of conservation of the filing of the application, Public Resources Code section 2774(e). Whenever mining operations are proposed in the 100-year floodplain of any stream, as shown in zone A of the flood insurance rate maps issued by the federal emergency management agency, and within one mile, upstream or downstream, of any state highway bridge, the planning director shall also notify the state department of transportation that the application has been received, Public Resources Code section 2770.5.

   (B)   Environmental Review: The planning director shall process the application through environmental review pursuant to the California environmental quality act (CEQA), Public Resources Code section 21000 et seq., and the city's guidelines implementing CEQA.

   (C)   Staff Report: Subsequent to the appropriate environmental review, the planning director shall prepare a staff report with recommendations for consideration by the planning commission.

   (D)   Public Hearing: The planning commission shall hold at least one noticed public hearing, in accordance with the provisions of section 6-2-15, "Public Hearing And Notification Procedures", of this title, on the application for the reclamation plan.

   (E)   Financial Assurances:

      1.   Prior to final approval of a reclamation plan, financial assurances (as provided in this chapter), or any amendments to the reclamation plan or existing financial assurances, the planning commission shall certify to the director of the California department of conservation that the reclamation plan and/or financial assurance complies with the applicable requirements of the state regulation and submit the plan, assurances or amendments to the director of the California department of conservation for review, Public Resources Code section 2774(c). The planning commission may conceptually approve the reclamation plan and financial assurance before submittal to the director of the California department of conservation. However, the planning commission may defer action on the application until taking the final action on the reclamation plan and financial assurance. If necessary to comply with permit processing deadlines, the planning commission may conditionally approve the reclamation plan application with the condition that the planning director shall not issue an approval for the mining operation until financial assurances have been reviewed by the director of the California department of conservation and final action has been taken on the reclamation plan and financial assurances.

      2.   The director of the California department of conservation shall have forty five (45) days to prepare written comments on the reclamation plan and financial assurance, if the director of the California department of conservation so chooses, Public Resources Code section 2774(d). The planning commission shall evaluate written comments received from the director of the California department of conservation during the forty five (45) day comment period. Staff shall prepare a written response describing the disposition of the major issues raised by the state for the planning commission's approval. In particular, when the planning commission's position is at variance with the recommendations and objections raised in the California conservation director's comments, the written response shall address, in detail, why specific comments and suggestions were not accepted, Public Resources Code section 2774(d). Copies of any written comments received and responses prepared by the planning commission shall be promptly forwarded to the operator/applicant.

   (F)   Decision Of Planning Commission: The planning commission shall then take action to approve, conditionally approve, or deny the reclamation plan pursuant to Public Resources Code section 2774, and to approve the financial assurances pursuant to Public Resources Code section 2770(d).

   (G)   Copies To Director: The planning director shall forward a copy of each approval for mining operations and/or approved reclamation plan, and a copy of the financial assurances to the director of the California department of conservation. By July 1 of each year, the planning director shall submit to the director of the California department of conservation for each active or idle mining operation a copy of the approval or amendments to the reclamation plan, as applicable, or a statement that there have been no changes during the previous year, Public Resources Code section 2774(e).

   (H)   Annual Reports: Surface mining operators shall forward an annual status report to the director of the California department of conservation and the planning director on a date established by the director of the California department of conservation upon forms furnished by the state mining and geology board, Public Resources Code section 2207(a) - (g). (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

   (A)   All new or revised reclamation plans shall conform to minimum statewide performance standards required pursuant to Public Resources Code section 2773(b), 14 California Code Of Regulations, article 9, chapter 8, section 3700 et seq., as adopted by the state mining and geology board, including, but not limited to, wildlife habitat, backfilling, revegetation, drainage, agricultural land reclamation, equipment removal, stream protection, topsoil salvage and waste management.

   (B)   The city may impose additional performance standards development either in review of individual projects, as warranted, or through the formulation and adoption of citywide performance standards. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

Reclamation activities shall be phased with respect to the mining operation and shall be initiated at the earliest possible time on those portions of the mined lands that will not be subject to further disturbance, Public Resources Code section 2772(f) (see also section 6-9-11 of this chapter, interim management plans for idle mining operations). Interim reclamation may also be required for mined lands that have been disturbed and that may be disturbed again in future operations. Reclamation may be done on an annual basis, in stages compatible with continuing operations, or on completion of all excavation, removal or fill, reclamation plan and shall include: a) the beginning and expected ending dates for each phase; b) all reclamation activities required; c) criteria for measuring completion of specific reclamation activities; and d) estimated costs as provided under financial assurance, section 6-9-9 of this chapter. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

For approval of reclamation plans, the following findings shall be required:

   (A)   The reclamation plan complies with Public Resources Code sections 2772, 2773 and 2773.1 and any other applicable provisions;

   (B)   The reclamation plan complies with applicable requirements of the state regulations, 14 California Code Of Regulations sections 3500 et seq., and 3700 et seq.;

   (C)   The reclamation plan and potential use of reclaimed land pursuant to the plan are consistent with this chapter, the city general plan, and any applicable resource plan or element;

   (D)   The reclamation plan has been reviewed pursuant to the California environmental quality act ("CEQA"), Public Resources Code section 21000 et seq., and the city environmental review guidelines, and all significant adverse impacts from reclamation of the surface mining operations are mitigated to the maximum extent feasible;

   (E)   The land and/or resources such as water bodies to be reclaimed will be restored to a condition that is as compatible with and blends in with the surrounding natural environmental, topography and other resources, or that suitable off site development will compensate for related disturbances to resource values;

   (F)   The reclamation plan will restore the mined lands to a usable condition which is readily adaptable for alternative land uses consistent with the general plan and applicable resource plan; and

   (G)   A written response to the director of the California department of conservation has been prepared, describing the disposition of major issues raised by the director of the California department of conservation. Where the city's position is at variance with the recommendations and objections raised by the director of the California department of conservation, said response shall address, in detail, why specific comments and suggestions were not accepted, Public Resources Code section 2772(d). (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

   (A)   Required: In order to ensure that reclamation will proceed in accordance with the approved reclamation plan, the city shall require, as a condition of approval, security which will be released upon satisfactory performance. The applicant may post security in an acceptable form of a surety bond, trust fund, irrevocable letter of credit from an accredited financial institution, trust funds or other method acceptable to the city and the mining and geology board (the "board") as specified in statewide regulations adopted by the board, and which the city reasonably determines are adequate to perform reclamation in accordance with the surface mining operations approved reclamation plan. Financial assurances shall be made payable to the city and the department of conservation, Public Resources Code section 2773.1(a)(4).

   (B)   Compliance: Financial assurances will be required to ensure compliance with elements of the reclamation plan, including, but not limited to, revegetation and landscaping requirements; restoration of aquatic or wildlife habitat; restoration of water bodies and water quality; slope stability and erosion and drainage control; disposal of hazardous materials; and other mitigation measures. Financial assurances for such elements of the plan shall be monitored by the planning director.

   (C)   Amount: The amount of the financial assurances shall be based upon the estimated costs of reclamation for the years or phases stipulated in pursuant to the approved reclamation plan, including any maintenance of reclaimed areas as may be required, subject to adjustment for the actual amount required to reclaim lands disturbed by mining activities since January 1, 1976, and new lands to be disturbed by surface mining activities in the upcoming year, as provided in subsection (F) of this section. Cost estimates shall be prepared by a licensed engineer and/or other qualified professionals retained by the operator and approved by the planning director. The estimated amount of the financial assurance shall be based on an analysis of physical activities necessary to implement the approved reclamation plan, the unit costs for each of these activities, the number of units of each of these activities, and the actual administrative costs. Financial assurances to ensure compliance with revegetation, restoration of water bodies, restoration of aquatic or wildlife habitat, and any other applicable element of the approved reclamation plan shall be based upon cost estimates that include, but may not be limited to, labor, equipment, materials, mobilization of equipment, administration and reasonable profit by a commercial operator other than the permittee.

   (D)   Consideration Of Abandonment: In projecting the costs of financial assurances, it shall be assumed without prejudice or insinuation that the surface mining operation could be abandoned by the operator and, consequently, the city or state may need to contract with a third party commercial company for reclamation of the site.

   (E)   Duration: The financial assurances shall remain in effect for the duration of the surface mining operation and any additional period until reclamation is completed, including any maintenance required, Public Resources Code section 2772.1(a)(2).

   (F)   Adjustments: The amount of financial assurances required of a surface mining operation for any one year shall be adjusted annually to account for new lands disturbed by surface mining operations, inflation and reclamation of lands accomplished in accordance with the approved reclamation plan, Public Resources Code section 2773.1(a)(3). The financial assurances shall include estimates to cover reclamation for existing conditions and anticipated activities during the upcoming year, excepting that the permittee may not claim credit for reclamation scheduled for completion during the coming year.

   (G)   Revisions: Revisions to financial assurances shall be submitted to the planning director each year prior to the anniversary date for approval of the financial assurances. The financial assurance shall cover the cost of existing disturbance and anticipated activities for the next calendar year, including any required interim reclamation. If revisions to the financial assurances are not required, the operator shall explain, in writing, why revisions are not required. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

The planning director shall arrange for inspection of a surface mining operation within six (6) months of receipt of the annual report required in Public Resources Code section 2207, to determine whether the surface mining operation is in compliance with the approved department review permit and/or reclamation plan, approved financial assurances, and the state regulations, Public Resources Code section 2774(b). In no event shall less than one inspection be conducted in any calendar year. Said inspection may be made by a state registered geologist, state registered civil engineer, state licensed landscape architect, state registered forester, who is experienced in land reclamation and who has not been employed by the mining operation in any capacity during the previous twelve (12) months, or other qualified specialists, as selected by the planning director and as retained by the city council. All inspections shall be conducted using a form approved and provided by the state mining and geology board. The planning director shall notify the director of the California department of conservation within thirty (30) days of completion of the inspection that the said inspection has been conducted and shall forward a copy of said inspection notice and any supporting documentation to the mining operator. The operator shall be solely responsible for the reasonable cost of such inspection. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

   (A)   Required: Within ninety (90) days of a surface mining operation becoming "idle", as defined in this chapter, the operator shall submit to the planning department a proposed interim management plan ("IMP"), Public Resources Code section 2770(h). The proposed IMP shall fully comply with the requirements of Public Resources Code section 2770(h) and shall provide measures the operator will implement to maintain the site in compliance with SMARA, including, but not limited to, all conditions of the department review permit and/or reclamation plan. The proposed IMP shall be processed as an amendment to the reclamation plan and shall not be considered a project for the purposes of environmental review, Public Resources Code section 2770(h).

   (B)   Continuation Of Financial Assurances: Financial assurances for idle operations shall be continued as addressed in the reclamation plan or otherwise approved through the idle mine's IMP.

   (C)   Department Of Conservation Review: Upon receipt of a complete proposed IMP, the planning director shall forward the IMP to the department of conservation for review. The IMP shall be submitted to the department of conservation at least forty five (45) days prior to approval by the planning commission.

   (D)   Planning Commission Decision; Appeal: Within sixty (60) days of receipt of the proposed IMP, or a longer period mutually agreed upon by the planning director and the operator, the planning commission shall review and approve or deny the IMP in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. The operator shall have thirty (30) days or a longer period mutually agreed upon by the operator and the planning director to submit a revised IMP. The planning commission shall approve or deny the revised IMP within sixty (60) days of receipt. If the planning commission denies the revised IMP, the operator may appeal that action to the city council in accordance with the provisions of section 6-2-19, "Appeals", of this title.

   (E)   Term Of Effect; Renewal: The IMP may remain in effect for a period not to exceed five (5) years, at which time the planning commission may renew the IMP for another period not to exceed five (5) years or require the surface mining operator to commence reclamation in accordance with its approved reclamation plan. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

As a condition of approval of the application for a reclamation plan, a periodic review schedule shall be established to evaluate compliance with said plan. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)

The time limit for commencing a surface mining operation that is permitted pursuant to this chapter shall occur within one year from the date of approval by the planning commission. (Ord. 768-08, 8-19-2008)