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Virginia Beach City Zoning Code

ARTICLE 10

- INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS

Sec. 1000.- Legislative intent.

The purpose of the I-1 Light Industrial District is to permit light industrial uses, wholesaling, storage, packaging, distribution, and retailing restricted primarily to operations requiring bulk deliveries by truck or van in locations served by major transportation networks and in areas where employment centers close to residential concentrations will reduce traffic congestion and add to public convenience by moving places of work closer to places of residence. The purpose of the I-2 Heavy Industrial District is to permit industrial operations, wholesaling, warehousing and distribution in areas suitable for these functions.

Sec. 1001. - Use regulations.

(a)

Principal and conditional uses. The following chart lists those uses permitted within the I-1 and I-2 Industrial Districts. Those uses and structures in the respective industrial districts shall be permitted as either principal uses indicated by a "P" or as conditional uses indicated by a "C." Uses and structures indicated by an "X" shall be prohibited in the respective districts. No uses or structures other than as specified shall be permitted.

Use I-1 I-2
Airports, heliports and helistops P P
Animal hospitals, veterinary establishments, pounds, shelters, and commercial kennels C C
Automobile museums C C
Automobile service stations, provided that where there is an adjoining residential or apartment district without an intervening street, alley or permanent open space over twenty-five (25) feet in width and where lots separated by the district boundary have adjacent front yards, a six-foot solid fence with Category VI screening shall separate the automobile service station use from the adjacent residential district and no ground sign shall be within fifty (50) feet of the residential or apartment district C C
Automotive rental, parts and supply stores; provided that no outside storage is included (excluding operative equipment) P P
Automotive repair garages C P
Bars or nightclubs C C
Battery storage facility/energy storage facility, subject to the provisions of section 225.02(b) C C
Borrow pits C C
Building-mounted antennas meeting the requirements of section 207 P P
Bulk storage yards and building contractor's yards; provided that no sale or processing of scrap, salvage, or secondhand material shall be permitted in such yards; and, provided further that additional requirements as listed in section 228 are met C P
Business, medical, financial, nonprofit, professional and similar office buildings P P
Car wash facilities, subject to the provisions of section 228.1 C X
Collection depots for recyclable materials C X
Commercial parking lots P P
Communication towers meeting the requirements of administrative review eligible project and temporary communication towers meeting the requirements of section 207 P P
Communication towers standard process C C
Craft breweries, subject to the provisions of section 230 C X
Craft distilleries, subject to the provisions of section 230 C X
Craft wineries, subject to the provisions of section 230 C X
Day-care and child care education centers C C
Eating and drinking establishments P P
Establishments such as linen suppliers, freight movers, communication services and canteen services P P
Establishments which deliver merchandise in bulk by truck or van P P
Facilities for construction, maintenance and repair of boats and vessels C P
Fiber-optics transmission facilities meeting the requirements of section 233.15 P P
Firewood preparation facility C C
Heavy equipment sales and services P P
High explosives manufacturing, storage and distribution X C
Home-based wildlife rehabilitation facilities C C
Hotels and motels, provided the following conditions are met: (i) Frontage shall be on a major or secondary street or highway; (ii) the minimum lot size shall be forty thousand (40,000) square feet and a minimum lot width of one hundred fifty (150) feet; (iii) density regulations of the H-1 Hotel District shall apply; (iv) accessory uses shall be limited to eating and drinking establishments, gift shops and travel agencies; (v) parking requirements of at least one (1) space per one (1) lodging unit shall be provided in addition to the requirements for an accessory use; (vi) front yards shall have a minimum depth of thirty (30) feet and, except for necessary driveways, shall be maintained in landscaping and shall not be used for parking; (vii) signs shall conform to the sign requirements applicable within H-1 Hotel District regulations C X
Low explosives manufacturing and distribution X C
Low explosives storage with a valid federal explosives permit or license from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (BATF) P P
Manufacturing, processing, extracting, packaging or fabricating establishments; provided that the following uses shall not be allowed: (i) Explosive manufacturing, storage and distribution; (ii) petroleum processing; (iii) processing or outside storage of salvage, scrap or junk P P
Military installations X P
Mobile home sales C X
Motion picture studios P P
Passenger vessels permitted by U.S. Coast Guard regulations to carry more than one hundred forty-nine (149) passengers and used for commercial purposes X C
Personal watercraft rentals C X
Petroleum processing X C
Piers, wharves and docks X P
Printing, lithographic or publishing establishments P P
Public buildings and grounds P P
Public schools, colleges and universities, and private schools, colleges and universities having similar academic curriculums C X
Public utilities installations and substations including offices; provided storage or maintenance facilities shall not be permitted; and provided, further, that utilities substations, other than individual transformers, shall be surrounded by Category VI screening solid, except for entrances and exits; and provided also, transformer vaults for underground utilities and the like shall require only Category I screening, solid except for access opening P P
Public utility transformer stations and major transmission lines and towers (fifty thousand (50,000) volts or more) C C
Radio or television transmission and relay stations C C
Recreational facilities of an outdoor nature, which may be partially or temporarily enclosed on a seasonal basis with approval of city council, except that riding academies and recreational campgrounds shall not be allowed as a conditional use or otherwise C X
Recreational facilities other than those of an outdoor nature P P
Religious uses, except freestanding, with a floor area greater than 4,000 square feet C C
Religious uses, except freestanding with a maximum floor area of 4,000 square feet P P
Repair establishments; provided that no outside storage is included (excluding mobile operative equipment) P P
Satellite wagering facility C C
Ship supply establishments and facilities X P
Small wireless facilities meeting the requirements of section 207 P P
Solid waste management facilities X C
Storage or processing of salvage, scrap or junk X C
Terminals for freight or passengers arriving or departing by ship X P
Truck and trailer rentals, provided that they shall comply with the requirements of section 242.2 P P
Vocational, technical, industrial and trade schools P P
Wholesale and retail establishments dealing primarily in bulk materials delivered by ship, or by ship and railroad or ship and railroad or ship and truck in combination X P
Wholesaling, warehousing, storage or distribution establishments P P
Wildlife rehabilitation centers C C
Wind energy conversion systems, freestanding, except as provided below P P
Wind energy conversion systems, freestanding, in excess of two (2) C C
Wind energy conversion systems, roof-mounted, except as provided below P P
Wind energy conversion systems, roof-mounted, in excess of one (1) per principal structure C C

 

(b)

Accessory uses and structures. Uses and structures which are customarily accessory and clearly incidental and subordinate to the principal uses and structures, including, but not limited to:

(1)

An accessory activity operated for profit in a residential dwelling unit where there is no change in the outside appearance of the building or premises or any visible or audible evidence detectable from outside the building lot, either permanently or intermittently, of the conduct of such business except for one non-illuminated sign not more than one square foot in area mounted flat against the residence; where no traffic is generated, including traffic by commercial delivery vehicles, by such activity in greater volumes than would normally be expected in the neighborhood, and any need for parking generated by the conduct of such activity is met off the street and other than in a required front yard; where the activity is conducted on the premises which is the bona fide residence of the principal practitioner, and no person other than members of the immediate family occupying such dwelling unit is employed in the activity; where such activity is conducted only in the principal structure on the lot; where there are no sales to the general public of products or merchandise from the home; and where the activity is specifically designed or conducted to permit no more than one patron, customer, or pupil to be present on the premises at any one time. The following are specifically prohibited as accessory activities: Convalescent or nursing homes, bars or nightclubs, tourist homes, massage or tattoo parlors, radio or television repair shops, auto repair shops, or similar establishments.

(c)

Special restrictions in Accident Potential Zone 1 (APZ-1). No use or structure shall be permitted on any property located within Accident Potential Zone 1 (APZ-1) or the Clear Zone unless such use is designated as Compatible in APZ-1 or the Clear Zone, as the case may be, in Table 2 ("Air Installations Compatible Use Zones Land Use Compatibility in Accident Potential Zones") of section 1804; provided, however, that any use or structure not designated as Compatible shall be permitted as a replacement of the same use or structure if the replacement use or structure is of equal or lesser density or intensity than the original use or structure.

(Ord. No. 1801, 8-22-88; Ord. No. 1937, 12-18-89; Ord. No. 2100, 9-3-91; Ord. No. 2119, 3-24-92; Ord. No. 2178, 9-22-92; Ord. No. 2251, 1-11-94; Ord. No. 2261, 2-8-94; Ord. No. 2268, 6-14-94; Ord. No. 2427, 10-29-96; Ord. No. 2460, 10-28-97; Ord. No. 2505, 9-8-98; Ord. No. 2513, 10-27-98; Ord. No. 2552, 7-6-99; Ord. No. 2563, 10-26-99; Ord. No. 2660, 8-28-01; Ord. No. 2907, 12-20-05; Ord. 2922, 2-14-06; Ord. No. 2968, 1-23-07; Ord. No. 2976, 4-24-07; Ord. No. 3000, 9-25-07; Ord. No. 3026, 5-27-08; Ord. No. 3046, 8-26-08; Ord. No. 3050, 9-9-08; Ord. No. 3102, 9-8-09; Ord. No. 3112, 1-12-10; Ord. No. 3191, 7-12-11; Ord. No. 3217, 2-28-12; Ord. No. 3270, 5-14-13; Ord. No. 3328, 2-25-14; Ord. No. 3378, 10-7-14; Ord. No. 3397, 3-17-15; Ord. No. 3403, 4-21-15; Ord. No. 3441, 4-19-16; Ord. No. 3442, 4-19-16; Ord. No. 3467, 11-15-16; Ord. No. 3506, 6-20-17; Ord. No. 3514, 7-11-17; Ord. No. 3661, 5-18-21; Ord. No. 3702, 7-12-22)

Sec. 1002. - Dimensional requirements.

(a)

The following chart lists the requirements within the I-1 and I-2 Industrial Districts for minimum lot area, width, yard spacing and maximum floor area ratio for all uses and structures.

Industrial
I-1
Districts
I-2
 (1) Minimum lot area in square feet: 20,000 20,000
 (2) Minimum lot width in feet:* 100 100
 (3) Minimum front yard setback in feet:  30  30
 (4) Minimum side yard setback in feet unless a greater setback is required by section 1003:   0   0
 (5) Minimum side yard setback adjacent to a street in feet:  30  30
 (6) Minimum rear yard setback in feet, unless a greater setback is required by section 1003:   0   0
 (7) Maximum floor area ratio: 2.5 2.5

 

*Where applicable, newly created corner lots must also adhere to section 4.4(c) of the Subdivision Ordinance, requiring additional lot width on certain corner lots.

(b)

Front and side-yard setbacks adjacent to a street may be reduced in accordance with the provisions of Part H of Article 2.

(Ord. No. 1948, 2-12-90; Ord. No. 3384, 12-2-14)

Sec. 1003. - Landscape screening and buffering regulations.

For the I-1 and I-2 Commercial Districts, the following landscape screening and buffering regulations shall apply:

(a)

When a zoning lot within an I-1 Industrial District adjoins a residential or apartment district without an intervening street, alley or body of water over twenty-five (25) feet in width, a twenty-five-foot minimum yard shall be required along all lot lines adjoining the residential or apartment district. Category II landscape screening shall be required within the yard area. No other uses or structures shall be permitted in such yards.

(b)

When a zoning lot within an I-2 Industrial District adjoins a residential district without an intervening street, alley or body of water over twenty-five (25) feet in width, a twenty-five-foot minimum yard shall be required along all lot lines adjoining the residential or apartment district. Category VII screening shall be required within the yard area. No other uses or structures shall be permitted in such yards.

(c)

When a zoning lot within an I-2 Industrial District adjoins an H-1 Hotel District, O-1 or O-2 Office District, B-1 or B-1A Business District without an intervening street, alley or body of water over twenty-five (25) feet in width, a fifteen-foot minimum yard shall be required along all lot lines adjoining the office district. Category IV landscape screening shall be required within the yard area. No other uses or structures shall be permitted in such yards.

Sec. 1004. - Height regulations.

(a)

No portion of a building or other structure located on a zoning lot which is adjacent to a street within the I-1 or I-2 Industrial District shall exceed a height equal to twice the distance from such structure to the vertical projection of the centerline of such street.

(b)

Where a zoning lot within the I-1 or I-2 Industrial District adjoins the side or rear yard of a zoning lot in a residential, apartment or hotel district without an intervening street or alley over twenty-five (25) feet in width or body of water over fifty (50) feet in width, the following maximum height regulations shall apply on that portion of the industrial zoning lot within one hundred (100) feet of the adjoining residential, apartment or hotel district. In cases where more than one of the following apply, the most restrictive shall apply.

(1)

When adjacent to a Residential District, the maximum height shall be thirty-five (35) feet.

(2)

When adjacent to an A-12 or A-18 Apartment District, the maximum height shall be thirty-five (35) feet.

(3)

When adjacent to an A-24 Apartment District, the maximum height shall be forty-five (45) feet.

(4)

When adjacent to an A-36 Apartment District, the Maximum height shall be one hundred and twenty (120) feet.

Sec. 1005. - Sign regulations.

In the I-1 and I-2 Industrial Districts, signs shall be permitted as follows:

(a)

One and a half (1½) square feet of signage shall be permitted for every linear foot of building frontage or occupancy frontage. No more than three (3) signs shall be permitted, per establishment, including one (1) freestanding sign. Uses with twenty-six (26) linear feet or less of building or occupancy frontage shall be allowed forty (40) square feet of signage.

(b)

Commercial buildings of less than five (5) stories in height may have two (2) signs up to one hundred fifty (150) square feet each in addition to other allowed signage. Such signs shall be mounted on or above the fourth story of the building, but not above the roofline of such building, and only one (1) such sign per building facade shall be allowed. Two (2) additional signs, not exceeding twenty (20) square feet each, shall be allowed at each street level entrance.

(c)

Commercial buildings of five (5) stories to ten (10) stories may have two (2) signs up to two hundred (200) square feet in addition to other allowed signage. Such signs shall be mounted on or above the top one-quarter (¼) of the building, but not above the roofline of such building, and only one (1) sign per building facade shall be allowed. Two (2) additional signs, not exceeding twenty (20) square feet each, may be allowed at each street level entrance.

(d)

Commercial buildings of more than ten (10) stories in height may have two (2) signs up to three hundred (300) square feet each in addition to other allowed signage. Such signs shall be mounted on or above the top one-quarter (¼) of the building, but not above the roofline of such building, and only one (1) sign per building facade shall be allowed. Two (2) additional signs, not exceeding twenty (20) square feet each, may be allowed at each street level entrance.

(e)

Establishments with a lot frontage of between one hundred (100) linear feet and two hundred (200) linear feet shall be permitted one (1) freestanding sign, which shall not exceed thirty-two (32) square feet in area per face. Establishments with a lot frontage greater than two hundred (200) linear feet shall be permitted one (1) freestanding sign, which shall not exceed seventy-five (75) square feet in area per face.

(f)

Industrial parks containing three (3) or more establishments and a minimum of ten (10) acres of land area, shall be permitted one (1) additional sign not exceeding one hundred fifty (150) square feet per face in area at each principal entrance or frontage. An industrial park containing three (3) or more establishments and a minimum of thirty (30) acres of land area, shall be permitted one (1) additional sign not exceeding two hundred (200) square feet in area per face at each principal entrance or frontage.

(g)

Property for sale, lease or rent, shall be permitted, no more than two (2) signs for each one hundred (100) feet of lot frontage. Such signs shall not exceed thirty-two (32) square feet in area and no more than four (4) signs shall be erected on any property. Any property having less than one hundred feet of lot frontage may have one (1) sign not exceeding thirty-two (32) square feet in area. All such signs shall be separated by at least fifty (50) linear feet.

(h)

To facilitate occupancy in new industrial parks, a temporary sign shall be permitted at each principal entrance. In an industrial park containing a minimum of ten (10) acres of land area, one (1) sign no greater in area than one hundred fifty (150) square feet may be erected at each principal entrance. In a new industrial park containing a minimum of thirty (30) acres of land, one (1) sign no greater in area than two hundred (200) square feet may be erected at each principal entrance. Such signs shall be removed when seventy (70) percent of the property is occupied or leased, or after a period of twenty-four (24) months from the date a certificate of occupancy is issued, whichever comes first.

(Ord. No. 2268, 6-14-94; Ord. No. 3442, 4-19-16; Ord. No. 3518, 9-19-17)

Sec. 1006. - Off-street parking regulations.

Parking shall be required for all uses and structures permitted in the I-1 and I-2 Industrial Districts in accordance with section 203.