(a)

Every building, use or structure, instituted or erected after the effective date of the ordinance from which this section is derived shall be provided with off-street parking facilities in accordance with the provisions of this section for the use of occupants, employees, visitors or patrons.

(b)

All existing off-street parking facilities and all off-street parking facilities instituted after the effective date of the ordinance from which this section is derived shall be maintained and continued as an accessory use as long as the building with which the off-street parking facilities are associated continues to exist.

(c)

When any building is modernized, altered or repaired, and provided there is no increase in floor area, capacity, density or change of occupancy, no additional parking space shall be required.

(d)

When any building or use, either existing prior to the effective date of the ordinance from which this section is derived or constructed or instituted subsequent to said effective date, is changed in use or occupancy, or is increased in capacity, floor area or density, the minimum amount of off-street parking spaces required by this section shall be provided for the gross floor area occupied by any new use or occupancy and for any increased floor area or capacity or overall density. Any such change in use or occupancy or increase in floor area, capacity or density shall also comply with requirements of article X of this chapter, functional landscaping and xeriscaping, and shall also comply with chapter 20, the land development code. For the purpose of this section, the term "change of use or occupancy" means a change from one category of off-street parking requirements to another such category.

(e)

Any change of use or occupancy or any increase in floor area, capacity or density which would result in more than a 50 percent increase of parking spaces to the existing off-street parking facilities shall require the entire premises to be brought into full conformance with the requirements of this section, as a condition of the issuance of any site plan approval or permit required for such changes.

(f)

Maintenance. It shall be unlawful for any owner or operator of any building, structure or use affected by this section to discontinue, change or dispense with the required parking facilities, apart from the discontinuance, sale or transfer of such structure or use, without establishing alternative vehicle parking facilities which meet the requirements of this section. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to occupy such building, or structure, for any purpose without providing the off-street parking facilities to meet the requirements of and be in compliance with this section. Failure to maintain the required off-street parking facilities in accordance with this section shall constitute grounds for revocation of any certificate of use issued for use of the premises.

(g)

It shall be unlawful to use any part of private or public property for off-street parking or storage of vehicles which is not constructed, designated and maintained in compliance with this section, except that in one-family detached dwelling residential zoning districts the temporary parking of operable, currently licensed private passenger vehicles shall be permitted in the swale area of rights-of-way 60 feet or less in width which are not designated as a collector or arterial or nontrafficway collector roads.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 79, 2-21-2007)

In cases of a building occupied by a use which is not permitted as a new use in the district in which such building is located, where repairs, alterations or refurbishing are carried out in accordance with article IV of this chapter, nonconforming uses and structures, the existing off-street parking facilities shall also be repaired and refurbished and landscaping installed to the maximum extent possible without reducing the amount of existing parking spaces on site by more than 20 percent.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 80, 2-21-2007)

(a)

Location. The off-street parking facilities required by this section shall be located on the same plot or parcel of land such facilities are intended to service. All off-street parking facilities shall be designed, developed and maintained in accordance with all applicable provisions of this section. When the required off-street parking is to be provided upon an additional plot of land, the owner of such additional plot of land and the owner of the land intended to be served by such off-street parking facilities shall enter into an agreement with the city, whereby the land providing the additional parking area shall never be sold or disposed of except in conjunction with the sale of the building or the use which the additional parking area serves, so long as such parking facilities are required; and said agreement shall be approved by the city attorney, and recorded in the public records, at the expense of the owner, and shall be considered to be a restriction running with the land, and shall bind the heirs, successors and assigns of said owner; however, another additional plot or plots, complying with the provisions of this chapter, and subject to a recorded agreement as specified in this subsection may be substituted for the additional plot of land. In the case of a new or substitute agreement for the use of a plot of additional land to meet off-street parking requirements, the original or preceding agreement shall be voided by the execution and recording of the new agreement.

(b)

Size. Each parking space and aisle width shall not be less than the parking dimension standards depicted after subsection (j) of this section in table I, minimum space requirements, at various parking angles for self-parking facilities. If a parking aisle requires access for emergency vehicles, garbage trucks or trucks moving to or from a loading area, that parking aisle shall be at least 24 feet wide.

(c)

Access. All required parking spaces shall be directly accessible from a public or private street, alley or recorded ingress and egress easement. All off-street parking areas shall be designed to permit safe maneuvering of vehicles, and each space shall be accessible without driving over or through any other parking space, except for one-family detached dwellings, two-family dwellings and townhouses having a carport or garage as part of the dwelling unit. No parking space shall be designed to permit backout parking onto a street or alley, nor shall parking spaces be located so as to require backing onto or across a sidewalk, pedestrian crosswalk or other area of high pedestrian concentration except for one-family detached and two-family dwellings and townhouses which have an attached carport or garage as part of the townhouse unit. Backout parking shall not be permitted in any case, on any street or highway or nontrafficway collector road.

(d)

Parking space designation. All required off-street parking spaces shall be clearly delineated by four-inch wide, yellow or white, painted striping, except for one-family detached and two-family dwellings and townhouse dwellings which have an attached carport or garage as part of the townhouse unit. Parking stalls which abut landscaped areas, sidewalks, structures or property lines shall be designed with bumper guards, wheel stops or contiguous curbing. The required bumper guards, wheel stops or curbing shall be located a minimum of 2½ feet from any landscaped area, sidewalk or property line.

(e)

Overhead garage doors. No required off-street parking space may be located in front of any overhead garage door or other loading area in a nonresidential building, except self-storage warehouses. Such area may, however, be used to satisfy the off-street loading requirements, providing sufficient driveway or aisle width, according to table 1 after subsection (j) of this section, is provided adjacent to such off-street loading area.

(f)

Composition. Unless otherwise specifically permitted herein, the required off-street parking areas, access aisles and driveways shall be constructed of at least a six-inch course of native limerock, surfaced with asphaltic concrete or Portland concrete. Brick or interlocking pavers may be utilized for one-family and two-family dwellings, and townhouses with attached carports or garages as parking and driveway facilities. The permitted paving surface shall be maintained in a smooth and well-graded condition. Off-street parking areas shall be designed to ensure safe and efficient traffic circulation. The parking facilities shall be of sufficient size to allow necessary functions for loading, unloading and parking maneuvers to be carried out on private property, and completely off the street right-of-way.

(g)

Grass parking.

(1)

Twenty-five percent of the required off-street parking facilities may be provided through the use of grass parking for the following specific uses:

a.

Theaters and convention centers.

b.

Schools.

c.

Religious facilities.

d.

Hospitals.

(2)

Fifty percent of the required off-street parking facilities may be provided through the use of grass parking for the following specified uses:

a.

Fairgrounds.

b.

Outdoor recreation establishments.

c.

Funeral homes, mortuaries, cemeteries.

d.

Outdoor flea market or swap meet.

Grass parking surfaces shall conform to city specifications, which includes at least a six-inch course of natural limerock, surfaced with a species of grass acceptable for high-traffic use. All requirements for landscaping vehicular use areas shall be met as well as all required interior landscaping requirements for parking areas. Grass parking areas shall not count toward satisfying any landscaping area required by this section or pervious area requirement of this chapter.

(h)

Setbacks.

(1)

Nonresidential uses.

a.

Pedestrian walkways shall be at least ten feet from any building wall which provides less than 20 percent visibility at eye level, from the interior to the exterior of the building, through windows or doors. Pedestrian walkways shall remain free of obstructions, including, but not limited to, tables and chairs, displays of merchandise and vending machines.

b.

All driveways and parking aisles shall be at least five feet from any main or accessory building or structure.

(2)

Residential uses. All driveways and parking spaces for one-family attached and detached dwellings on separate plots or lots of record shall be set back at least 2½ feet from any side property line.

(i)

Drainage. All off-street parking facilities required by this section shall be drained so as not to cause any nuisances on adjacent or public property and shall be in accordance with the requirements of the appropriate enforcing agency.

(j)

Identification of parking lots. All off-street parking areas required by this section shall be provided with identification as to purpose and location in the form of signage visible to vehicular traffic when such parking areas are not clearly evident from a street or alley. Signage shall comply with all requirements of this chapter for location, size and permitting.

Graphic 1: Angle Parking

Graphic 2: Parallel Parking

Graphic 3: Angled Parking Width

Expand

Dimensional Feature (all dimension in feet)	Diagram	Parking Angle
		0	45	60	75	90
Stall width (parallel to aisle)	A	8.5	12.7	10.4	9.3	8.5
Stall length	B	24.0	24.5	21.4	19.5	18.0
Stall length of line	C	9.0	17.0	18.5	19.0	18.0
Aisle width between stall lines	D	12.0	12.0	16.0	22.0	24.0
Stall depth, interlock	E	9.0	14.8	17.0	18.3	18.0
Module, wall to interlock	F	30.0	43.8	51.5	59.3	60.0
Module, interlocking	G	30.0	41.6	50.0	58.6	60.0
Module, interlock to curb face	H	30.0	41.8	49.4	56.9	58.0
Bumper overhang (typical)	I	0.0	1.5	1.8	2.0	2.0
Offset	J	—	6.3	2.7	0.5	0.0
Setback	K	24.0	11.0	8.3	5.0	0.0
Cross-aisle-one-way	L	18.0	18.0	18.0	18.0	18.0
Cross-aisle, two-way	—	24.0	24.0	24.0	24.0	24.0

 

Graphic 4: Parking Configuration

Graphic 5: Parking Options

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 81, 2-21-2007; Ord. No. 2020-02, § 2, 8-5-2020)

Every building, use or structure which complies with the off-street parking requirements of this section may provide additional parking spaces. Such parking spaces may be designed as tandem if attendant parking is utilized.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 82, 2-21-2007)

(a)

Businesses that provide a drive-through service are required to provide drive-through service lanes or stacking spaces for stacking or queuing, as separate and distinct lanes from the circulation lanes necessary for entering or exiting the plot.

(b)

Each drive-through lane or stacking space shall be separated from other on-site lanes or aisles. Each such drive-through lane or stacking space shall be curbed, striped, marked or otherwise distinctly delineated.

(c)

Drive-through lanes leading to or from gasoline pumps or pump islands shall provide a minimum width of 12 feet for a one-way entrance and exit. All drive-through lanes which lead to two gasoline pump islands shall provide a minimum of 24 feet from curb to curb, between pumps or pump islands.

(d)

All drive-in bank facilities shall provide a minimum eight-foot-wide vehicular service position between each drive-in teller facility.

(e)

A separate and distinct escape lane shall be provided, unless the drive-through lane and stacking spaces adjoin and are parallel to a parking aisle at least 24 feet in width. A public street or alley shall not be counted as an escape lane.

(f)

Drive-through lanes or stacking spaces shall not conflict or otherwise hamper access to or from any parking space.

(g)

Pedestrian walkways shall be clearly separated from drive-through lanes or stacking spaces.

(h)

Except for drive-in teller facilities at banks and gasoline pump island drive-through lanes, as specified in subsections (a) through (g) of this section, any other drive-through lane or stacking space is hereby defined as being nine feet wide by 22 feet in length.

(i)

Inbound drive-through lanes or stacking spaces shall be counted from the first stopping point. Outbound drive-through lanes or stacking spaces shall be counted from the last stopping point.

(j)

The required amount of stacking spaces shall be as described in this section. Any business not listed in the stacking section shall have the same requirements as the most similar use described therein as determined by the city administrator or designee.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 83, 2-21-2007)

(a)

Definitions. The following words, terms and phrases, when used in this section, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this subsection, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

Fast-food restaurant means a restaurant which functions for the purpose of serving either meals or individual food items, prepared and cooked in a kitchen within the restaurant to people either seated at tables on the premises or for consumption off the premises.

Full-service restaurant means a restaurant which functions for the purpose of serving complete meals, prepared and cooked in a kitchen within the restaurant to people seated at tables on the premises, and within which no entertainment is provided other than recorded or live music during the service of meals.

Gross floor area means the gross floor area inside the exterior walls.

Open air seating means any seating area without a heating or cooling system and where a minimum of two sides are open and unenclosed by walls other than canvas or mesh screening.

(b)

Uses not specifically mentioned. The parking requirements for uses not specifically mentioned shall be the same as provided in this chapter for the most similar use as determined by the city administrator or designee.

(c)

Fractional spaces. When units or measurements determining the total number of required off-street parking spaces result in a fractional space, any such fraction shall require a full off-street parking space.

(d)

Mixed uses. In the case of mixed uses, the total requirement for off-street parking spaces shall be the sum of the various uses computed separately and off-street parking for any other use, except for shopping centers, general industrial complexes and storage or distribution warehouses.

(e)

Shared usage. Required parking spaces may be permitted to be utilized for meeting the parking requirements of two separate permitted uses when it is clearly established by the applicant that the two uses will utilize the spaces at different times of the day, week, month or year.

(f)

Measurements. In stadiums, sports arenas, religious facilities, bars and other places of assembly in which occupants utilize benches, pews, stools or other similar seating facilities, every 20 linear inches of such seating shall be counted as one seat for the purpose of computing off-street parking requirements.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 84, 2-21-2007)

Required parking spaces may be permitted to be utilized for meeting the parking requirements of two separate permitted uses when it is clearly established by the applicant that the two uses will utilize the spaces at different times of the day, week, month or year, such as a church sharing spaces with a retail store. A recordable covenant, with the correct legal description, shall be submitted by the owners of the property and the two businesses or tenants involved in a form acceptable to the office of the city attorney. The covenant shall be recorded in the public records at the applicant's expense, and shall run with the land. The covenant shall provide that the use or portion of a use, that requires the shared parking in order to obtain the necessary permits or licenses, shall cease and terminate upon any change in their respective schedules of operation that results in conflicting or overlapping usage of the parking facilities, and no nonresidential use may be made of that portion of the property until the required parking facilities are available and provided. The covenant shall also provide that the city may collect attorneys' fees if litigation is necessary to enforce the requirements of this section. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent collective provision for, or joint use of, off-street parking facilities for two or more buildings or uses by two or more owners or operations, provided that the total of such parking spaces when combined or used together shall not be less than the sum of the requirements of the several individual uses computed separately. In such cases, a recorded covenant shall also be executed.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 85, 2-21-2007)

Parking spaces approved in conformance with this chapter may be used only for parking of vehicles of owners, tenants, employees and customers utilizing the building or site served by such required parking space. The following uses and activities shall not be permitted in required off-street parking facilities:

(1)

Parking to serve an off-site building;

(2)

Storage, repair or commercial display of any vehicles, equipment or merchandise;

(3)

Parking or storage of commercial vehicles owned, operated or used in the business of a commercial occupant of a building between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.;

(4)

Parking of recreational vehicles, boats and accessory equipment on nonresidentially zoned or used property; and

(5)

Parking of any vehicle, which due to its size, shape, contents or location, creates an obstruction or public safety hazard or which cannot be contained within a single designated parking space.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 86, 2-21-2007)

All open air storage lots for vehicles, boats or trucks shall be surfaced with asphalt or concrete.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 87, 2-21-2007)

All off-street parking facilities serving multiple-family residential developments containing eight or more dwelling units and serving all nonresidentially zoned or used properties shall be illuminated in accordance with the following standards:

(1)

Open air and enclosed facilities. For the purpose of this section:

a.

Open-air parking areas shall include the parking surface of open parking lots and accessways thereto at grade level.

b.

Enclosed parking facilities shall include multilevel parking garages and enclosed grade level parking facilities.

(2)

Intensity of illumination.

a.

Open-air parking areas shall provide an average illumination intensity of one footcandle equal to one lumen per square foot, and shall be well distributed on the pavement areas and pedestrian walkways; however, at no point shall illumination be less than one-quarter footcandle.

b.

Enclosed parking areas shall provide an average illumination intensity of 50 footcandles at the entrance, ten footcandles in traffic lanes and five footcandles in vehicle parking areas.

c.

Automatic teller machines (ATM) shall be provided with a maintained minimum of three footcandles of light measured at grade level. Parking areas that serve the ATM must also meet the three-footcandle standard.

d.

The current edition of the IES Lighting Handbook, published by the Illuminating Engineers Society, 345 East 47 Street, New York, New York, 10017, is the standard to be used by the architect or engineer as a guide for the design and testing of parking area lighting.

e.

Overspill of lighting onto adjacent properties or rights-of-way shall not exceed three footcandles vertical and shall not exceed one footcandle horizontal illumination measured at grade level. All lighting must be shaded or screened and positioned in such a manner as to minimize offensiveness to persons on neighboring properties and temporary blinding of drivers of vehicles passing illuminated property.

f.

All required illumination shall be controlled by automatic devices. The required illumination for open-air parking areas shall operate from dusk to dawn with one-half light levels permitted from midnight to dawn. Enclosed parking areas shall maintain the lighting levels specified in this section 24 hours a day either by operating lighting at all times, or at all such times as would be required to maintain the required lighting levels.

(3)

Compliance requirements.

a.

A conceptual parking facility lighting plan, showing the general location and type of lighting proposed, shall be submitted with any application for final site plan approval. Prior to the issuance of a development order for a building permit, a parking facility lighting plan prepared by a registered architect or engineer shall be submitted for new construction, additions to existing buildings, changes of use, or expansion or reconfiguration of parking areas. The lighting plan shall be certified by the registered architect or engineer as providing illumination in accordance with the minimum standards set forth in this section.

b.

Subsequent construction must comply with the lighting plan.

c.

As a prerequisite to the issuance of final approval of any parking facility and of the lighting installation, and further, prior to the lighting installation being placed in permanent use, a letter of compliance from a registered professional engineer shall be provided to the city administrator or designee stating that the installation has been field checked and meets the requirements of this section.

(4)

Maintenance requirements. All lighting installations shall be maintained in compliance with the minimum illumination requirements specified in this section by the owners and occupants of the property.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 88, 2-21-2007)

All applicable state and federal laws relating to parking spaces for certain disabled persons in all public and private parking areas, including minimum dimensions, requirements, location and posting of signs shall be adhered to on all proposed developments and parking facilities which require revisions.

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 89, 2-21-2007)

(a)

The following minimum amounts of off-street parking shall be provided for all uses:

(b)

Stacking spaces necessary per service position or drop-off point for the provisions of this section shall be determined using the following table:

(Ord. No. 2007-02, exh. A, § 90, 2-21-2007; Ord. No. 2012-01, § 4, 2-1-2012)