Bonham City Zoning Code
ARTICLE 13
VEHICLE PARKING REGULATIONS
§ 13.01 General.
a.
The minimum number of off-street parking spaces for residential uses in the various zoning districts of the City of Bonham shall be in accordance with the schedules hereinafter provided.
b.
No double-counting. When a lot is used for a combination of uses, the off-street parking requirements are the sum of the requirements for each use, and no off-street parking space for one use is to be included in the calculation of off-street parking requirements for any other use.
c.
The following floor areas are excluded in the computation of required off-street parking:
(1)
Floor area devoted to off-street parking;
(2)
Floor area of a private balcony that is not accessible to the public and does not provide a means of ingress or egress;
(3)
Areas such as display windows which are permanently designed to display a product or advertise for service and are less than ten (10) feet in width;
(4)
Areas between the exterior entrance doors and utilized floor area of the building commonly referred to as air stops or vestibules;
d.
In determining the required number of parking spaces, fractional spaces are counted to the nearest whole number.
e.
Except for single-family (attached and detached) and two-family uses, head-in parking adjacent to a public street where the maneuvering of the vehicle in parking or leaving the parking space is done on a public street, is excluded in computing off-street parking requirements.
f.
In all districts, required off-street parking must be available as free parking or contract parking on other than hourly or daily fee basis. This requirement does not apply to institutional uses.
g.
Except as specifically permitted in this Article, all off-street parking must be provided on a separate lot that is:
(1)
Dedicated to parking use by an instrument filed with the Building Official and consolidated with the main use under one certificate of occupancy with the main use;
(2)
Located in the same zoning district as the main use or in a district which allows a commercial parking lot or garage; and
(3)
Located within three hundred (300) feet (including streets and alleys) of the property upon which the main use is located. The distance measured is the shortest distance between the two tracts.
h.
The Board of Adjustment may not authorize the placement of required parking in a residential district if the parking is to serve a nonresidential use located in a nonresidential district.
i.
In the R, D, MH-1, MH-2, A-1 and A-2 districts, no portion of a street, alley, public right-of-way, lot, garage, carport, or other structure shall be used for the parking or storage of any truck, truck-tractor, farm tractor, trailer or similar vehicle or equipment, as these terms are defined in Sections 3, 4 and 5 of Article 6701d, Vernon’s Annotated Civil Statutes, except panel and pickup trucks not exceeding gross vehicle weight rating of 22,000 lbs. capacity.
(Ordinance 1059 adopted 11/11/2002; Ordinance 1091 adopted 1/12/2004)
§ 13.02 Construction and Maintenance Provisions for Off-Street Parking.
a.
Each off-street parking space must be provided in accordance with the following standards:
(1)
A parking space parallel with the access lane must be twenty-two (22) feet long and eight (8) feet wide. Ninety-degree parking spaces shall not be less than nine (9) feet in width and eighteen (18) feet in length with two (2) feet of overhang between curb and sidewalk or property line (20-foot minimum). Dual head-in parking spaces should be a minimum of twenty (20) feet in length.
(3)
A one-way access lane must have a minimum width of eleven (11) feet; a two-way, non-fire lane, access lane must have a minimum of twenty-four (24) feet.
(4)
Paving Standards:
(a)
Unless otherwise approved by the City Council, all parking lots shall be paved with concrete or asphalt and designed according to City standards and specifications. The parking lanes must be clearly marked by approved paint, buttons or other material. All driveway approaches shall be constructed of concrete and shall be curbed per City standards.
(b)
The pavement within a designated loading area shall be designed and constructed to carry the additional loading of merchandise, goods, sanitation pick-up, etc., in order to prevent any unnecessary failure in the pavement itself. The pavement design shall be included in the engineering construction plans and specifications and submitted to the City’s Engineer for review.
(c)
Fire lane pavement shall be a minimum of six (6) inches with lime stabilized subgrade or as recommended in a geotechnical report by a licensed professional engineer. Concrete strength shall be NCTCOG Item 303.3.4.2. Class C (4,000 psi in 28-days) with a minimum of No. 4 reinforcement at 24” spacing. Asphalt fire lanes are not permissible, unless approved by the City.
b.
For uses other than single-family or two-family residential, each off-street parking space must be clearly identified by use of stripes, buttons, tiles, curbs, barriers, or other method approved by the Building Official.
c.
The owner of off-street parking for a use other than one- or two-family residences shall:
d.
All off-street parking spaces for uses other than single-family detached shall have wheelguards or other barriers approved by the Public Works Director to prevent parking on unimproved surface or right-of-way. Wheelguards or other barriers shall be placed to prevent any vehicle from overhanging right-of-way.
e.
Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas shall be directed away from residential property and structures in such a way as not to interfere with residential use.
(Ordinance 1059 adopted 11/11/2002; Ordinance 1076, sec. 1, adopted 7/14/2003; Ordinance 1448 adopted 7/8/2024)
§ 13.03 Parking Bay Width:
Parking Angle | Stall Width | Bay Width | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
One-Row | Two-Row | ||||
One-Way | Two-Way | One-Way | Two-Way | ||
30 deg. | 8' 6" | 27' 6" | 35' 6" | 43' 0" | 51' 2" |
9' 0" | 27' 6" | 35' 6" | 43' 0" | 51' 2" | |
9' 6" | 27' 6" | 35' 6" | 43' 0" | 51' 2" | |
45 deg. | 8' 6" | 30' 8" | 38' 5" | 49' 0" | 56' 4" |
9' 0" | 30' 2" | 38' 3" | 48' 5" | 56' 4" | |
9' 6" | 29' 4" | 38' 1" | 47' 10" | 56' 4" | |
60 deg. | 8' 6" | 35' 9" | 40' 8" | 55' 0" | 59' 5" |
9' 0" | 34' 4" | 40' 4" | 53' 7" | 58' 11" | |
9' 6" | 32' 11" | 40' 0" | 52' 2" | 59' 6" | |
75 deg. | 8' 6" | 40' 0" | 42' 7" | 59' 2" | 61' 3" |
9' 0" | 38' 4" | 41' 8" | 57' 1" | 59' 11" | |
9' 6" | 37' 11" | 41' 3" | 56' 8" | 59' 6" | |
90 deg. | 8' 6" | 44' 0" | 44' 0" | 62' 0" | 62' 0" |
9' 0" | 42' 0" | 42' 0" | 60' 0" | 60' 0" | |
9' 6" | 40' 0" | 40' 0" | 58' 0" | 58' 0" | |
NOTE: | |
|---|---|
1) | The 8' 6" wide stall dimensions are the minimums for attendant, long-term (greater than 4 hours) and employee parking only. |
2) | Bay width shall be measured from stall line to stall or aisle line. |
(Ordinance 1059 adopted 11/11/2002; Ordinance 1076, sec. 1, adopted 7/14/2003)
§ 13.04 Provisions for Compact Vehicles:.
a.
This section may be utilized for any single nonresidential use or combination of uses in one structure or which are considered part of the same development requiring more than fifty (50) parking spaces.
b.
Up to twenty percent (20%) of the required off-street parking spaces may be designated as “compact vehicle spaces.” Any fraction of a space shall be rounded to the nearest whole number in calculation.
c.
The minimum dimensions of a compact vehicle space shall be seven and one-half (7-1/2) feet in width and eighteen (18) feet in length. Minimum access lane width shall be ten (10) feet for one-way traffic and twenty (20) feet for two-way traffic if the access lane is to serve only compact vehicle spaces. All other compact parking spaces must be provided in accordance with Section 13.05.
d.
To qualify for this provision all compact vehicle spaces must be clearly identified.
(Ordinance 1059 adopted 11/11/2002; Ordinance 1076, sec. 1, adopted 7/14/2003)
§ 13.05 Parking Bay Width for Compact Vehicles:.
Parking Angle | Stall Width | Bay Width | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
One-Row | Two-Row | ||||
One-Way | Two-Way | One-Way | Two-Way | ||
30 deg. | 7'6" | 26'6" | 34' 6" | 41' 0" | 49' 0" |
8' 0" | 26' 5" | 34' 5" | 40' 10" | 48' 10" | |
45 deg. | 7'6" | 29' 4" | 37' 4" | 47' 8" | 53' 0" |
8' 0" | 29' 5" | 37' 0" | 47' 0" | 53' 3" | |
60 deg. | 7'6" | 34' 6" | 39' 6" | 53' 0" | 57' 2" |
8' 0" | 33' 10" | 38' 10" | 51' 8" | 55' 10" | |
75 deg. | 7'6" | 39' 4" | 41' 10" | 57' 8" | 59' 4" |
8' 0" | 38' 6" | 41' 0" | 56' 0" | 57' 8" | |
90 deg. | 7'6" | 43' 0" | 43' 0" | 60' 0" | 60' 0" |
8' 0" | 42' 0" | 42' 0" | 58' 0" | 58' 0" | |
NOTE: Bay width shall be measured from stall line to stall or aisle line. |
(Ordinance 1059 adopted 11/11/2002; Ordinance 1076, sec. 1, adopted 7/14/2003)
§ 13.06 Nonconforming Uses:.
Any lawfully existing use or structure on the effective date of the ordinance need not provide the amount or standards of vehicle parking as set forth in this section. No existing vehicle parking in connection with said use or structure shall be reduced below the minimum number of spaces required by the Article. All building additions (but not use expansions within an existing building) shall provide additional parking for the proposed expansion to the standards of this Article.
(Ordinance 1059 adopted 11/11/2002; Ordinance 1076, sec. 1, adopted 7/14/2003)
§ 13.07 Parking Space Schedule.
a.
The schedule in this section is applicable to all zoning districts in the City. All uses, unless specifically stated to have a lesser standard, shall provide a minimum of five (5) parking spaces.
b.
Dwelling and Lodging Uses
(1)
Single-Family Dwellings (Attached and Detached):
A minimum of two (2) spaces per unit.
(2)
Two-Family Dwellings:
A minimum of two (2) spaces per unit.
(3)
Multiple-Family Dwellings or Apartments:
One (1) space for each dwelling unit shall be required. One (1) additional space shall be required for each seven (7) dwelling units.
(4)
Boarding or Rooming House:
Two (2) spaces are required for the structure plus one (1) space for each guestroom or resident’s unit.
(5)
Manufactured Home (Mobile Home) Park:
Two (2) spaces for each unit.
(6)
Hotel or Motel:
One (1) space for each guestroom or resident’s unit up to two hundred and fifty (250) units; three-fourths (3/4) parking space for all units in excess of two hundred and fifty (250) units. Additional spaces shall be provided for places of public assembly, restaurants, retail space, etc., as provided elsewhere in this ordinance.
c.
Educational, Institutional and Special Uses
(1)
College, University, or Seminary:
(a)
Instructional Area:
One (1) space for each three (3) students based upon the maximum anticipated enrollment plus one (1) space for each full-time employee or instructor.
(b)
Fraternity or Sorority House:
One (1) space for every two (2) beds, plus one (1) space for each one hundred (100) sq. ft. of floor area exclusive of sleeping area.
(c)
Dormitory:
One (1) space for every two (2) beds.
Parking provided in conjunction with a dormitory or stadium may be utilized to satisfy the parking requirements of a college, university or seminary. The converse may also be done: college or university parking may be utilized to satisfy some or all of the requirements of a dormitory or stadium. These provisions only apply if the facility is within 300 feet of the campus.
(2)
Church or Rectory:
One (1) space for every six (6) fixed seats in the sanctuary or auditorium, or one (1) space for each twenty-eight (28) sq. ft. in the sanctuary or auditorium if fixed seats are not provided. If classrooms are provided in conjunction with the church use, an additional one and one-half (1-1/2) spaces are required per classroom.
(3)
Day Camp, Kindergarten, or Day Nursery:
One (1) space for each two hundred and fifty (250) sq. ft. of gross floor area plus a minimum of four (4) stack (loading) spaces. One additional stack space shall be provided for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of gross floor area over one thousand (1000) sq. ft.
(4)
Fraternal Organization, Lodge, or Civic Club:
One (1) space for each one hundred (100) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(5)
Home for the Care of Alcoholic or Psychiatric Patients:
One and one-half (1-1/2) spaces for each bed.
(6)
Hospital (General Acute Care):
Two (2) spaces for each bed.
(7)
Hospital (General Chronic Care):
One (1) space for each bed.
(8)
Institutions of a Religious or Philanthropic Nature (not elsewhere listed):
Ten (10) spaces plus one (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area over two thousand (2000) sq. ft.
(9)
Library, Art Gallery, or Museum:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of gross floor area for a library or art gallery. Ten (10) spaces plus one (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area over two thousand (2000) sq. ft. for a museum.
(10)
Monastery or Convent:
One (1) space for each three (3) residents; a minimum of two (2) parking spaces required.
(11)
Nursing Home or Residence Home for the Aged:
One (1) space for each six (6) beds, plus one (1) space for each self-contained dwelling unit. One (1) additional space for each two (2) employees on the largest shift.
(12)
Public, Denominational, or Private School:
(a)
One and one-half (1-1/2) spaces for each kindergarten/elementary classroom.
(b)
Three and one-half (3-1/2) spaces for each junior high/middle school classroom.
(c)
Nine and one-half (9-1/2) spaces for each senior high school classroom.
Parking provided in conjunction with stadium or playfield for school use may be utilized to satisfy the parking requirements for a school. The converse may also be done, i.e., school parking may be utilized to satisfy some or all of the stadium requirements. This provision may only be utilized provided the stadium is located on the same building site or within 300 feet of the building site of the school. |
(13)
Business or Trade School:
One (1) space for each three (3) students based upon the maximum anticipated enrollment plus one (1) space for each full-time employee.
d.
Utility, Accessory, and Incidental Uses
(1)
Electrical Generating Plant:
Two (2) spaces. If use is normally unattended, required parking spaces need not be improved to meet the provisions of Section 11.02 [13.02].
(2)
Electrical Substation:
Two (2) spaces. If use is normally unattended, required parking spaces need not be improved to meet the provisions of Section 11.02 [13.02].
(3)
Radio, Television, or Telephone Microwave Tower:
Two (2) spaces. If use is normally unattended, required parking spaces need not be improved to meet the provisions of Section 11.02 [13.02].
(4)
Telephone Business Office:
One (1) space for each three hundred (300) sq. ft. of gross floor area (minimum of five spaces).
e.
Recreation and Entertainment Uses:
(1)
Commercial Outdoor Amusement (other than listed):
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area, plus one (1) space for each four hundred (400) sq. ft. of site area exclusive of site area used for floor area and parking area. If use would require a building permit for expansion, parking need only be provided based upon construction occurring at the time of application.
(2)
Commercial Indoor Amusement (other than listed):
One (1) space for each one hundred (100) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(3)
Private Country Club:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area, plus five (5) spaces for each golf course green.
(4)
Dance Hall or Nightclub:
One (1) space for each two (2) persons based upon the maximum occupancy as posted in the facility.
(5)
Public Golf Course:
Five (5) spaces for each green.
(6)
Commercial Golf Course:
Five (5) spaces for each green, plus parking spaces required for related uses (restaurant, club, etc.)
(7)
Public Playfield or Stadium:
One (1) space for each three (3) seats.
(8)
Rodeo Grounds:
One (1) space for each three (3) seats.
(9)
Fairgrounds:
Twenty (20) spaces per acre, plus spaces required for permanent structures. Parking spaces required under this acreage provision need not be improved as required in Section 11.02 [13.02].
(10)
Roller or Ice Skating Rink:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(11)
Private Club:
(See Dance Hall or Nightclub (Sec. 13.07.e(4))
(12)
Boarding Stables:
Five (5) spaces plus one (1) space per stall.
(13)
Theaters, Meeting Rooms, and Places of Public Assembly:
(a)
Theater:
One (1) space for each four (4) seats.
(b)
Meeting Rooms and Places of Public Assembly (fixed seats):
One (1) space for each four (4) seats.
(c)
Meeting Rooms and Places of Public Assembly (without fixed seating):
One (1) space for each four (4) persons based upon the maximum occupancy as posted in the facility.
(14)
Game Court Center:
Four (4) spaces for each game court, plus one (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of floor area, not including four hundred (400) sq. ft. utilized for exercise or observation rooms and also not including areas used for showers, steam, sauna, laundry, whirlpool, lockers, and lavatory rooms.
f.
Transportation Related Uses:
(1)
Airport, Landing Field, or Heliport:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of terminal building floor area; a minimum of five (5) spaces required.
(2)
Bus Station or Terminal, or Railroad Passenger Station:
One (1) space for each four (4) seats in the lobby if fixed seats, or one (1) space for each sixty (60) sq. ft. if not fixed seats, plus one (I) space for each one hundred (100) sq. ft. of cafe, one (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of other floor area excluding bus or train unloading area.
(3)
Hauling or Storage Company:
One (1) space for each one [thousand] (1000) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(4)
Railroad or Motor Freight Terminal:
One (1) space for each one thousand (1000) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
g.
Automobile Service Uses:
(1)
Auto Laundry:
(a)
Single-Unit Type:
Has a single bay or a group of single bays each accommodating one vehicle only, requires three (3) stack spaces per bay.
(b)
Tunnel-Unit Type:
Allows washing of multiple vehicle[s] in a tandem arrangement while moving through a structure, requires three (3) stack spaces for each tunnel unit.
(c)
Parking or stack spaces used to wash motor vehicles and/or located in a structure are not counted in determining required parking.
(2)
Auto Painting and Body Repair:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(3)
Auto Repair (inside):
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area. Parking spaces utilized to repair motor vehicles located inside the structure are not counted in satisfying the required parking.
(4)
Auto Sales (inside display):
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(5)
Auto Sales (outside display):
One (1) space for each two thousand (2,000) sq. ft. of site area excluding that utilized by buildings and their required parking. Parking utilized to store motor vehicle for sale is not counted in satisfying required parking.
(6)
Auto Salvage or Wrecking Yard:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of floor area; a minimum of five (5) spaces required.
(7)
Gasoline Service Station:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of floor area; a minimum of four (4) parking spaces required.
(8)
Auto Parts Sales (inside):
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of sales floor area, plus one (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of storage floor area.
(9)
Auto Parts Sales (outside):
One (1) space for each three thousand (3000) sq. ft. of site area exclusive of building and its required parking.
(10)
Auto Glass, Muffler, or Seat Cover Shop:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of sales floor area, plus one (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of storage floor area.
h.
Bar and Restaurant Uses:
i.
Service Uses:
(1)
Office:
One (1) space for each three hundred (300) sq. ft. of gross floor area; a minimum of five (5) spaces.
(2)
Bank, Savings and Loan or Similar Financial Institution:
One (1) space for each three hundred (300) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(3)
Barber or Beauty Shop:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(4)
Mortuary or Funeral Home:
One (1) space for each three hundred (300) sq. ft. of floor area other than the chapel, plus one (1) space for each two (2) seats in the chapel.
(5)
Health Studio:
[no text]
(6)
[Reserved]
(7)
Custom Personal Service Shop:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(8)
Broadcasting or Recording Studio:
One (1) space for each three hundred (300) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(9)
Photography Studio:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
j.
Retail Uses:
(1)
Retail Uses Other Than Listed:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(2)
Florist or Garden Shop:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(3)
Greenhouse or Plant Nursery:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of floor area, plus one (1) space for each two thousand (2000) sq. ft. of site area exclusive of buildings and their required parking.
(4)
Household Appliance Service and Repair:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(5)
Tool and Trailer Rental:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of floor area, plus one (1) space for each two thousand (2,000) sq. ft. of site area exclusive of buildings and their required parking.
(6)
Professional Pharmacy:
One (1) space for every two (200) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
k.
Agricultural-Type Uses:
(1)
Animal Pound:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(2)
Animal Clinic or Hospital or Kennel:
One (1) space for each three hundred (300) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of gross floor area. [sic]
(3)
Animal Clinic or Hospital or Kennel:
One (1) space for each three hundred (300) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
Editor’s note–Subsection k, as it appeared in Ord. 1059, contained two subsections (2) as set out above.
(4)
Livestock Auction:
One (1) space for each four (4) seats, plus one (1) space for each six hundred (600) sq. ft. of sales area.
(5)
Poultry Hatchery:
One (1) space required for each six hundred (600) sq. ft. of site area; a minimum of five (5) spaces required.
l.
Commercial-Type Uses:
(1)
Building Material Sales:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of retail floor area, plus one (1) space for each one thousand (1000) sq. ft. of enclosed storage building area (lumber, etc.). No continual retail sales permitted in storage area.
(2)
Cabinet and Upholstery Shop:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of floor area; a minimum of two (2) spaces required.
(3)
Cleaning and Dying Plant (Commercial):
One (1) space for each three hundred (300) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(4)
Clothing Manufacturer, Light Compounding, or Fabrication:
One (1) space for each seven hundred fifty (750) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(5)
Contractor Shop and Storage Yard:
One (1) space for each four thousand (4,000) sq. ft. of site area; a minimum of five (5) spaces required.
(6)
Engine or Motor Repair:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of gross floor area; a minimum of five (5) spaces required.
(7)
Feed Store:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(8)
Heavy Machinery Sales and Storage:
One (1) space for each three hundred (300) sq. ft. of gross floor area, or one space for each three thousand (3,000) sq. ft. of site area including the floor area, whichever is greater.
(9)
Job Printing or Newspaper Printing:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(10)
Petroleum Products Storage and Wholesale:
One (1) space for each four thousand (4,000) sq. ft. of site area; a minimum of five (5) spaces required.
(11)
Package Liquor Store:
One (1) space for each two hundred (200) sq. ft. of gross building area.
(12)
Storage or Sales Warehouse:
One (1) space for each one thousand (1000) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
m.
Special Industrial Processes:
(1)
Asphalt or Concrete Batching Plant (permanent):
A minimum of five (5) spaces.
(2)
Slaughterhouse or Meat Packing Plant:
One (1) space for each one thousand (1,000) sq. ft. of site area if the use is conducted outdoors; one (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of floor area with a minimum of five (5) spaces required if the use is conducted indoors.
(3)
Machine or Welding Shop:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of floor area.
(4)
Smelter or Refinery:
One (1) space for each five hundred (500) sq. ft. of gross floor area.
(Ordinance 1059 adopted 11/11/2002; Ordinance 1076, sec. 1, adopted 7/14/2003)
§ 13.08 Parking Requirements for New or Unlisted Uses.
Parking requirements for any use not specifically designated in Article 13 shall be interpreted as those for a similar listed use as determined by the Building Official.
(Ordinance 1059 adopted 11/11/2002; Ordinance 1076, sec. 1, adopted 7/14/2003)