1. The purpose of this Chapter is to reduce street congestion and traffic hazards in the Town of Brighton and improve resource management by incorporating efficient, attractive facilities for off-street parking, loading, and internal automobile and pedestrian circulation as an integral part of every use of land. The standards in this Chapter are intended to provide for the following:
   1. Improve bicycle and pedestrian facilities to reduce reliance on personal automobiles, provide for improved circulation between and within development sites, and promote transportation options to reduce Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) and related vehicle emissions for the purposes of preserving or enhancing air quality;
   2. Relieve traffic congestion in the streets and improve overall traffic safety, including safety for people walking and biking;
   3. Minimize any detrimental effects of off-street parking areas on adjacent lands;
   4. Improve the visual aesthetics of parking areas;
   5. Ensure that parking areas are appropriately located to serve community needs; and
   6. Prevent the establishment of excessive amounts of off-street parking and facilitate infill development where possible to make the most of limited land resources.

1. Off-street parking, bicycle parking, and loading spaces shall be provided at the time any building or structure is erected, enlarged, increased in capacity, or any new use is established. Such parking and loading facilities shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter.
2. Plans Required to Obtain Building Permit. All applications for a building permit shall include a site plan showing a parking layout that meets all requirements of this Chapter and includes the location of ingress and egress, loading areas, internal automobile, bicycle, and pedestrian circulation, vehicle and bicycle parking, landscaping, and lighting. The provided plan shall be reviewed for consistency with this Chapter by the Director or Designee.

1. Any parking facility or portion thereof shall meet the following specifications:
   1. Use of Off-Street Parking, Stacking, and Loading Facilities. All vehicular parking areas, stacking areas, and loading areas required by this Chapter shall only be used for those designated purposes.
   2. Location. Except as otherwise permitted through community parking credits, all off-street parking areas shall be provided on the same lot as the use it serves, or within walking distance of the primary entrance of a building or structure to the nearest point of the parking facility along publicly available sidewalk or walkways designated on the site plan.
   3. Where possible, access to parking spaces shall be from private roadways or aisles and not from public streets.
   4. Coverage. No paved off-street parking area shall occupy more than sixty-five percent (65%) of the property not occupied by buildings.
   5. Size. Parking stalls and aisles shall comply with the dimensional regulations presented in Table 19.49.030.
      
      Table 19.49.030: Parking Space and Aisle Dimensions
      
      

      Stall Angle	Aisle Width	Stall Depth	Stall Width
      90°	24'	18'	9'
      60°	20'	20.1'
      45°	15'	19.1'
      30°	15'	16.8'
      Parallel (0°)	15'	22'

   6. Parking stalls adjacent to a column or wall must have an additional two feet (2’) of width to accommodate ingress/egress from the vehicle.
   7. Surfacing. All off-street parking, stacking, loading areas and drive approaches from the alley or street shall be surfaced with an all-weather surface.
   8. Pervious Surfaces. Surfaces such as pervious asphalt, or pervious concrete are permitted; subject to municipal policies pertaining to stormwater management. A maintenance plan, outlining responsible parties, procedures, and schedules for maintenance of pervious pavement or permeable surfaces must be submitted and approved by the Municipal Engineer.
   9. Driveways, General. Adequate ingress and egress to the parking area shall be provided by clearly defined driveways.
   10. Distance from Lot Line. All driveways, including the entry radius of the drive approach that serve a single main building or principal use, shall be at least one foot (1’) from an abutting lot line.
   11. Driveway Surface. There shall be an all-weather surface driveway from the public or private right-of- way to the required parking space. A pervious surface may be used, subject to applicable municipal ordinances and policies.
   12. Accessible Parking. Accessible parking spaces required to satisfy the Americans with Disabilities Act shall be provided. Such stalls shall be included within the required number of spaces outlined in Table 19.48.150. For multi-family residential developments, accessible stalls shall be provided in addition to the number of stalls required in 19.48.150.
   13. Stormwater. All parking areas are subject to the stormwater management provisions of Title 17 and any other municipal ordinances.

1. Residential Driveways. A driveway shall be provided for vehicular access from the street or right-of-way to the required parking spaces of any dwelling in a Forestry zone.
2. The number, location, and width of driveways shall comply with the specifications set forth in Sections 14.12.110 and 14.36.060 of municipal ordinances.
3. Driveways over one hundred fifty feet (150’) in length are subject to approval by the Fire Authority.
4. Front Yard Parking. Parking or storage of vehicles in the unpaved portion of the front yard of a residential use is prohibited.
5. Commercial Vehicles. Commercial vehicles shall not be parked or stored on residential property in a Forestry zone, except in the following circumstances:
   1. Commercial vehicles may be parked on a property in conjunction with lawfully permitted construction, maintenance, or site development activities so long as said activities are diligently pursued.
   2. One commercial vehicle may be parked in the front yard or side yard of a dwelling in the Forestry zone upon issuance of a permit by Planning and Development Services, as long as all of the following criteria are met:
      1. No other commercial vehicle is parked or stored on the property;
      2. The operator of the vehicle is required to be on call twenty-four (24) hours a day to use the vehicle in response to an emergency;
      3. The commercial vehicle is parked on an all-weather surface;
      4. The commercial vehicle is parked entirely on private property, not parked on or over the street, sidewalk, or pedestrian path; and
      5. The commercial vehicle does not exceed Class 5 (two-axle, six tire single unit trucks) in Federal Highway Administration vehicle classification.

1. The amount of required off-street parking spaces for individual uses shall be determined in accordance with Table 19.48.150: Off-Street Parking Requirements, found at the end of this Chapter. The following factors shall be used in determining the required number of parking spaces.
   1. Fractions. Where units of measurements determining the number of required parking or loading spaces result in a fraction, the fraction shall be counted as one (1) additional parking space (rounded up to the nearest whole number).
   2. Uses.
      1. Parking shall be calculated separately for each use in a building, structure or on a lot, except that the Director or Designee may determine that a lower standard would be adequate for shared parking, as described in Section 19.48.060.
      2. Accessory uses shall be calculated separately.
      3. Unlisted Requirements. The Director or Designee shall make a determination as to the proper classification of a parking requirement not listed for a particular use based on the requirement of the closest comparable use. Where a comparison cannot reasonably be made, the Director may require a Parking Demand Study to determine the amount of parking needed on the site.
   3. Bicycle Parking. Bicycle parking may not occupy any vehicle parking space required by this Chapter.
2. Exceptions for the Reuse of Existing Buildings and Structures. The Director or Designee may grant a waiver of these requirements for development which reuses an existing building if the applicant can demonstrate that sufficient parking exists on the site to accommodate anticipated parking demand.

1. Off-street parking requirements may be reduced by the Director or Designee upon a finding by the Director or Designee that the applicant meets the requirements for at least one (1) of the allowable reductions of this Section. In no case may the total required off-street parking for a site be reduced more than fifty percent (50%).
2. Transit Exists to Serve the Site.
   1. When considering a parking reduction for transit availability, the Director or Designee may require the applicant to submit a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Study demonstrating the number residents, customers, or employees that already use or would be expected to use transit instead of parking.
3. Reductions for Bicycle Facilities.
   1. Vehicle parking requirements may be reduced by one (1) space for every four (4) covered, secured bicycle parking spaces provided beyond the amount of bicycle parking required in Section 19.48.080. To qualify for this reduction, a work stand and floor pump is required to be provided on-site. These amenities shall be maintained in working condition and made accessible to cyclists using the parking spaces.
   2. Off-street parking requirements may also be reduced by four (4) spaces if free showers and locker facilities are available for use within a building or structure on-site.
   3. The Director or Designee may not approve a reduction under this Subsection that is more than ten percent (10%) of the total required off-street parking for a site.
4. In reviewing a parking reduction, the Director or Designee may consider the following as applicable:
   1. The land use and development character of the area to be served by the parking facility, including intensity of uses requiring parking, the availability of transit, proximity to nearby employment centers and residential neighborhoods, and other relevant factors;
   2. The availability of any other publicly available parking in the area, including the number of spaces, applicable restrictions, or other uses counting spaces in the same parking area toward the applicable parking requirement;
   3. The timing of parking use relative to other uses in the area, including information on hours of operation;
   4. Applicable guidelines from the American Planning Association, Envision Utah, and/or the Urban Land Institute;
   5. Whether the applicant has made all efforts to comply with Table 19.48.150 to the extent practicable considering parking lot design, layout efficiency, and any unique constraints of the site; and
   6. Whether supporting documentation provided by the applicant adequately demonstrates that sufficient parking is available to meet projected typical demand.

1. Where a mix of land uses creates staggered peak periods of parking demand, shared parking agreements that have the effect of reducing the total amount of required parking spaces are encouraged. Shared parking agreements for off-street parking for two (2) or more buildings or uses is permitted subject to the following:
   1. Shared parking areas shall be located within three hundred feet (600’) of the use as measured along walkways designated on the site plan or already existing;
   2. Adjacent lots shall be connected by drive aisles; and
   3. Shared parking leases or agreements shall have a term of not less than five (5) years, including any renewals at the option of the lessee.
2. A proposal for the sharing of off-street parking shall be submitted to the Director or Designee for site plan review and approval. Conditional use applications which require Planning Commission approval, and for which shared parking is being proposed as part of the application, must have Planning Commission approval for the shared parking.
3. Shared Parking Calculation. In determining the total requirements for shared parking facilities, the Director, Designee, or Planning Commission shall use Tables 19.48.150 and 19.48.070 according to the following calculation steps:
   1. For each applicable general land use category, calculate the number of spaces required for the use as if it were the only use (using Table 19.48.150).
   2. Use the figures for each individual land use to calculate the number of spaces required for that use for each time period specified in Table 19.48.070 (six time periods per use).
   3. For each time period, add the number of spaces required for all applicable land uses to obtain a grand total for each of the six time periods.
   4. Select the time period with the highest total parking requirement and use that as the total number of parking spaces required for the site on a shared parking basis.
   5. If any uses are not listed in Table 19.48.070, the Director or Designee shall determine the required parking for the six time periods.
      
      

      Table 19.48.070: Guidance for the Determination of Shared Parking Requirements.
      General Land Use Category	Weekdays			Weekends
      	12 AM – 7AM	7 AM – 6 PM	6 PM – 12 AM	12 AM – 7AM	7 AM – 6 PM	6 PM – 12 AM
      Office	5%	100%	5%	0%	5%	0%
      Retail	5%	100%	75%	5%	100%	60%
      Restaurant	25%	70%	100%	30%	75%	100%
      Lodging	100%	55%	100%	100%	55%	100%
      Conference Rooms / Reception Venue	0%	100%	100%	0%	100%	100%
      Place of Worship	0%	30%	50%	0%	100%	65%
      Institutional	5%	100%	20%	5%	100%	10%

      
      

1. Bicycle Parking Required. Bicycle parking facilities shall be provided for any new commercial, or recreational, use for which automobile parking is required; or for modification or change of any of such uses that results in the need for additional automobile parking facilities.
2. Number of Required Spaces. The number of bicycle parking spaces required shall be equal to five percent (5%) of the vehicular parking spaces required for such use, with a minimum requirement of two (2) spaces, and a maximum requirement of twelve (12).
3. Bicycle Parking Spaces shall be:
   1. Located on the same lot as the principal use;
   2. Located and designed to prevent damage to bicycles by cars;
   3. Located so as not to interfere with pedestrian movements;
   4. Located in a highly visible area that is located near entrance(s) to the building;
   5. Located to provide safe access from the spaces to the public right-of-way or bicycle lane;
   6. Designed to accommodate a range of bicycle shapes and sizes, and to allow the frame and wheel(s) of each bicycle to be supported and secured against theft without interfering with adjacent bicycles; and
   7. Anchored to resist removal by vandalism and resistant to rust or corrosion.
4. Required bicycle parking spaces may be located within the building. Any proposed bicycle parking spaces or facilities shall be clearly shown on the applicable site plan, indicating location and type.

1. Applicability. Any building or portion thereof which is to be occupied by one (1) or more uses that require the receipt or distribution of materials or merchandise by vehicles shall provide and maintain off-street loading spaces as required by this Section.
2. Location.
   1. Loading/unloading areas and docks shall be prohibited in the front yard or on any building side facing and directly visible from a street;
   2. Loading/unloading operations shall not interfere with the normal movement of vehicular and pedestrian traffic in public rights-of-way, off-street parking areas, internal drives, pedestrian paths, or sidewalks;
   3. No loading space shall be nearer than thirty feet (30’) to the parcel line unless it is contained within a completely enclosed building, or enclosed on all sides by a wall or solid, opaque fence not less than six feet (6’) high; and
   4. The vehicular path and turning radii to the loading area must be shown on the site plan to verify truck maneuverability for the largest truck intended to serve the use.
3. Specifications. Loading/unloading spaces shall be at least twelve feet (12’) wide, thirty feet (30’) long, and have fourteen feet (14’) of vertical clearance. Each additional required loading space shall be at least ten feet (10’) in width, forty-five feet (45’) in length, and have fourteen feet (14’) of clearance.
4. Required Number of Loading Spaces. The minimum number of loading spaces required is shown in Table 19.48.090.
   
   

   Table 19.48.090: Loading Space Requirements.
   Use Type	Units	Required Loading Spaces
   Non-Residential (square feet of gross floor area)	Up to 10,000 sq.ft.	NA
   	10,001 – 20,000 sq.ft.	1
   	20,001 – 75,000 sq.ft.	2
   	75,001 – 100,000 sq.ft.	3
   	100,001+ (sq.ft.)	5

   
   

1. Screening. The sides and rear of any off-street parking area for more than five (5) vehicles which adjoins or faces an institutional or residential use shall be effectively screened according to provisions set in 19.38.170 (W) and shall be maintained in good condition and free from advertisement.
2. Lighting. Lighting shall comply with all provisions listed in 19.54.

1. The following mobility and circulation standards apply in all parking areas or portions thereof.
   1. Street and Pedestrian Path Continuation.
      1. Streets, internal circulation drives, and parking aisles shall be arranged to provide for the alignment and continuation of existing or proposed streets and drives into adjacent lots, developed or undeveloped.
      2. Internal vehicular circulation areas shall be designed to allow for cross access to adjacent lots with residential, nonresidential or mixed-uses.
      3. A stub for future cross access shall be provided from the vehicular use area to all adjacent lots. Where cross access is deemed impractical by the Planning Commission, Director, or Designee during Site Plan Review on the basis of topography, the presence of natural features, or vehicular safety factors, the requirement for cross access may be waived provided that appropriate bicycle and pedestrian connections are made between adjacent developments or uses.
      4. A cross-access easement shall be recorded with the Salt Lake County Recorder prior to the issuance of a Building Certificate of Occupancy for the development.
   2. Pedestrian Access Required. Pedestrian access shall be required for all sites to improve the health, safety and welfare of the public by providing clear pedestrian pathways at perimeter and internal site locations to reduce pedestrian and vehicular conflicts, improve accessibility for persons with disabilities, and establish a multi-modal environment that is supportive of walking, biking and transit use. All attached single-family and multiple family residential, non-residential and mixed-use developments shall comply with the following requirements.
      1. Continuous internal pedestrian walkways shall be provided to connect off-street surface parking areas with the primary entrances of main buildings.
      2. At least one (1) pedestrian walkway with a minimum width of five feet (5’) shall be provided from the internal pedestrian walkway network to any public walkway system, pedestrian path, or trail. In the case of corner lots, connections shall be made to the pedestrian paths, or trails of both streets.
      3. All internal pedestrian walkways shall be distinguished from driving surfaces through the use of durable, low-maintenance surface materials such as pavers, bricks, or scored/stamped concrete or asphalt.
   3. Walkways in Parking Lots. All-weather surfaced walkways shall be provided for access to adjacent parks, shopping areas, transit stops, anticipated walkways and institutions. Walkways shall either be dedicated sidewalks raised above the surface of the parking lot, or, if at the same level as the parking lot, clearly marked with striping and tactile alerts, and may use alternative materials, such as pavers.
      1. Each surface parking area that has fifty (50) or more parking spaces or has any parking spaces more than three hundred fifty feet (350’) from the front entrance of the primary building as measured along walkways shown on the site plan, shall have at least one (1) pedestrian walkway or sidewalk allowing pedestrians to pass from the row of parking furthest from the primary building façade to the primary building entrance.
      2. The required walkway must be at least five feet (5’) wide, shall not be within a driving aisle, and, where possible, shall be within a landscaped island running perpendicular to the primary building façade. If parking spaces are adjacent to a sidewalk, the sidewalk must be at least seven feet (7’) wide to allow for vehicular overhang.
   4. Trail Connections. Where trails exist or are planned within three hundred and fifty feet (350’) of a primary building entrance, paths or sidewalks shall connect building entries to the trail system.

1. Maintenance. All parking areas, including bicycle parking, shall be maintained free of dust, trash, weeds and debris. Surfacing, curbing, lighting fixtures, signs, and related appurtenances shall be maintained in a smooth, well-graded condition, and in good repair and safe condition at all times.
   1. The visibility of pavement markings delineating parking spaces and directional control shall be maintained.
   2. All off-street parking, stacking and loading areas required by this Chapter shall be maintained free of accumulated snow or standing water that prevents full use and occupancy of the areas, except for temporary periods of heavy rainfall or snowfall, not to exceed five (5) days.

1. The following supplementary parking and mobility standards apply.
   1. Provisional Parking. Provisional parking in excess of the maximum parking spaces allowed in Table 19.48.150 may be permitted if the following conditions are met.
      1. Provisional parking spaces shall be shown on the site plan as complying with the parking stall size requirements of this Chapter as well as the maneuverability and aisle requirements of Municipal Code.
      2. After one year's time from the issuance of the land use permit, a property owner may request a review of the provisional parking. Upon a finding by the Planning Commission (for a conditional use) or the Director or Designee (for a permitted use) that the additional parking is needed, approval shall be granted for the provisional parking to be paved and made permanent.
      3. The Planning Commission may set conditions of approval as part of any conditional use permit that utilizes provisional parking to provide for monitoring and future review of the parking plan.
   2. Valet Parking. Off-site parking may be permitted to meet the requirements of this Chapter if a Valet Parking program is established.
      1. A valet parking plan shall identify the following.
         1. The location of parking spaces, pick-up areas, drop-off areas, and egress/ingress;
         2. The involvement of personnel; and
         3. General operating procedures.
      2. At least ten percent (10%) of the required parking spaces shall be reserved as on-site, self-parking spaces and shall be indicated as such on the valet parking plan.
   3. Transit Access and Amenities.
      1. Transit Stops. Where public transit service is available or planned, convenient access to transit stops shall be provided by means of public or private sidewalks or walkways. Any provided seating shall not obstruct a public sidewalk or pedestrian path.
      2. Where transit shelters are provided, they shall be placed in highly visible and well lighted locations for purposes of safety, subject to review by the Utah Transit Authority.
         

The amount of required off-street parking spaces for individual uses shall be determined in accordance with Table 19.48.150: Off-Street Parking Requirements.

Table 19.48.150: Off-Street Parking Requirements