The following words, terms and phrases, when used in this chapter, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

Abutting means having property or district lines in common, or having property separated by only an alley. Separation by a street right-of-way is not considered abutting.

Accessory apartment means a second dwelling unit either in or added to an existing single-family detached dwelling, or in a separate accessory structure on the same lot as the main dwelling, for use as a complete, independent living facility for a single housekeeping unit (family), with provision within the accessory apartment for cooking, eating, sanitation, and sleeping. Such a dwelling is considered an accessory use or structure to the main dwelling.

Accessory building or use means a building or use that is not more than two stories in height; is subordinate to and serves a principal building or principal use; is subordinate in area, extent, or purpose to the principal building or use served; contributes to the comfort, convenience or necessity of occupants of the principal building or principal use; and is located on the same lot as the principal building or principal use.

Agriculture means the cultivation or growth of a field or horticultural crop, including dairying, livestock and poultry raising, farm forestry, and other similar enterprises or uses.

Airport means any area of land, water or mechanical structure which is used for the landing and take-off of aircraft, including any appurtenance structures and areas which are used or intended to be used for airport buildings, other airport facilities, rights-of-way or easements.

Alley means a private or public thoroughfare which affords only a secondary means of access to a building or abutting property and is not intended for general traffic circulation.

Alteration means any change in the supporting members of a building, any modification or change in construction, any addition which increases the area or height, any change in use from that of one district classification to another.

Amusement arcade means a building or part of a building in which three or more pinball machines, coin-operated billiard tables, videogames, or other similar player operated amusement devices are maintained.

Animal hospital means a facility operated by a licensed veterinarian specifically for the practice of veterinary medicine.

Antique shop means a store or shop for the sale of relics, objects of ancient times or of an earlier period, works of art, pieces of furniture or decorative objects made at a much earlier period than present.

Apartment house means a multifamily dwelling located on a parcel of land under a single ownership, designed for use by three or more housekeeping units, living independently of each other, and doing their own cooking on the premises.

Automated teller means an accessory facility through which certain banking functions such as deposits and withdrawals can be completed without the personal assistance of a bank employee.

Automotive repair garage means a use of land or structures involving maintenance, repair, conversion and other such services on cars, trucks, boats, motorcycles, recreational vehicles, and mobile/manufactured homes, typically including vehicle storage and incidental sales of parts.

Basement means that portion of a building located wholly or partly underground but having less than one-half of its height above the grade. A basement shall not be counted as a story for the purposes of determining maximum permitted height.

Bed and breakfast inn means a dwelling unit, or portion thereof, where short-term lodging rooms, with or without meals, are provided for compensation, and where the operator of the inn resides on the premises.

Boardinghouse means a building where, for compensation, both lodging and meals are provided for persons, provided that a single-family dwelling shall not be deemed to be a boardinghouse by reason of a contribution to or expense sharing arrangement with the owner or tenant occupying the dwelling by a person related by blood or marriage.

Buffer means a landscaped open space or screen located between incompatible land uses for the purpose of visibly separating uses through distance and to shield or block noise, light, glare, or visual or other nuisances; that portion of a given lot, not covered by buildings, pavement, parking, access and service areas, established for the purpose of screening and separating properties with incompatible land uses, the width of which is measured from the common property line and extending the developed portion of the common property line. A buffer consists of trees, shrubs and other natural vegetation undisturbed by grading or site development and replanted where sparsely vegetated or where disturbed for approved access and utility crossings.

Buildable area means the portion of a lot remaining after required yards, buffers and building setbacks have been provided, where construction of principal buildings is permitted.

Building means any structure, either temporary or permanent, above or below ground, having a roof or other covering, and designed, built, or used as a shelter or enclosure for persons, animals, or property of any kind.

Building inspector means the building inspector of the city or his authorized representative.

Building, principal, means a building or structure in which is conducted the main use of the property on which the building or structure is located. In any residential district, any structure containing a dwelling unit shall be defined to be the principal building on the lot on which the structure is located.

Building setback line means a line establishing the minimum allowable distance between the main or front wall of a building, including any covered porches, and the street right-of-way or property line when measured perpendicularly thereto. In the case of corner lots or double frontage lots, front yard requirements shall be observed for those areas adjacent to street rights-of-way.

Car wash means an establishment engaged in the business of washing vehicles with self-serve, automated or staffed facilities.

Carport means an accessory structure or portion of a principal structure, consisting of a roof and supporting members such as columns or beams, unenclosed from the ground to the roof on at least two sides, and designed or used for the storage of motor vehicles or boats.

Cemetery means land used or intended to be used for the burial of the dead and dedicated for cemetery purposes, but not including crematories and mortuaries.

Certificate of occupancy means a legal statement or document issued by the building inspector indicating that the building and use or reuse of a particular building or land is in conformity with all applicable codes and regulations, and that such building or land may be occupied for the purpose stated therein.

Church means an institution that people regularly attend to participate in or hold religious services, meeting and other purposes, including education, day care and recreation facilities when owned and operated by such church.

Circus means the temporary use of land offering entertainment and instruction in the form of such things as thrill rides, games of chance and skill, educational exhibits, display of oddities and the like. The term also includes carnivals and fairs.

City council means the mayor and city council, duly elected by the citizens within the jurisdiction.

City engineer means the engineer or engineering firm in the employ of the city, or his authorized representative.

Clinic means a building designed and used for the diagnosis and treatment of patients that does not include overnight care facilities.

Club, nonprofit, means a building or facilities owned or operated by a group for social, educational or recreational purposes, but not customarily for profit or to render a service that is customarily carried on for gain.

Commercial recreation facility means any use of a building or land that involves the provision of sports and leisure activities to the general public for a fee, including, but not limited to, the following: amphitheaters and stadiums; assembly halls, auditoriums and meeting halls; billiard halls, pool rooms and amusement/video arcades; bowling alleys; firearms shooting ranges and turkey shoots; golf driving ranges, public golf courses, miniature golf courses and baseball batting cages; private clubs operated for profit, race tracks for animals and motor-driven vehicles, ice and roller skating rinks; horse- and pony-riding rinks; circuses and carnivals; indoor and drive-in theaters; physical fitness facilities and health clubs; botanical gardens and zoological gardens; commercial museums and art galleries; racquetball courts; bungee jumping.

Compatibility means the characteristics of different uses or activities that permit such uses or activities to be located near each other in harmony and without conflict. Some elements affecting compatibility include: intensity of occupancy as measured by dwelling units per acre or gross square footage per acre; pedestrian or vehicular traffic generated; volume of goods handled, and such environmental effects as noise, vibration, odor, glare, air pollution or radiation.

Comprehensive plan means those coordinated plans or portions thereof which have been prepared by or for the city council for the physical development of the jurisdiction; or any plans that designate plans or programs to encourage the most appropriate use of the land in the interest of public health, safety and welfare.

Conditional use means a use which would not be appropriate without restriction throughout a zoning district and is not automatically permitted by right within a zoning district, but which may be permitted within a zoning district subject to meeting specific conditions (such as controls on number, size, area, location and activities) contained in these regulations or required by the city council. Such uses may be permitted only if approved by the city council in accordance with the regulations established herein.

Conditional zoning means the granting or adoption of zoning for property subject to compliance with restrictions as to use, size, density or actions stipulated by the city council to mitigate adverse impacts that are anticipated without imposition of such conditions.

Condominium (residential building) means a building or complex of multiple-unit dwellings in which a tenant holds full title to his unit and joint ownership in the common grounds.

Contractor's establishment means an establishment engaged in the provision of construction activities including, but not limited to, plumbing, electrical work, building, paving, carpentry and other such contracting activities, including the storage of materials and the overnight parking of commercial vehicles.

Convalescent home means a home for the care of children or the aged or infirm, or a place of rest for those suffering bodily disorders, wherein two or more persons are professionally cared for.

Convenience store means a small retail store which sells convenience items and may include the sale of gasoline and diesel fuel.

Conversion means any change in the original use or purpose of a building or lot to a different use.

Curb cut means a provision for vehicular ingress or egress between property and an abutting public street.

Day care center means any place operated by a person, society, agency, corporation, institution or group wherein are received for pay for group care, for fewer than 24 hours per day without transfer of legal custody, seven or more children under 18 years of age. A day care center of six children or less may be considered to be a home occupation.

Density means the number of dwelling units developed, or to be developed, per gross acre of land, or the gross square footage of a building per acre of land.

Development means any manmade change on improved or unimproved real estate including, but not limited to buildings or other structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation, drilling operations, or permanent storage of materials or equipment.

Developmentally disabled person means a person with a disability resulting in substantial functional limitations in such person's major life activities which disability is attributable to mental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, or autism or is attributable to any other condition related to mental retardation because such condition results in impairment of general intellectual functioning or adaptive behavior similar to that of mentally retarded persons.

District, zoning, means a geographical area or areas, designated with the use of symbols on the official zoning map, wherein uses of land are restricted in type, size, height and other limitations as established in these regulations.

Drive-in means a retail or service enterprise wherein service is provided to the customer within a motor vehicle on the outside of the principal building.

Drive-in theater means a facility designed for the outdoor projection of motion pictures onto a permanent screen to be viewed from the patron's automobile.

Dry cleaners means an establishment engaged in providing laundry, dyeing and dry cleaning services to individual customers.

Dry cleaning plant means an establishment engaged in providing laundry, dyeing and dry cleaning services on a large scale for institutions, businesses or other such establishments.

Dwelling means a building, or portion thereof, designed, arranged or used for permanent living, or sleeping quarters.

Dwelling, multifamily, means a building designed for or occupied exclusively by three or more single housekeeping units with separate kitchen and bath facilities for each family or housekeeping unit, including apartment houses, row houses, townhouses, and similar housing types, but not including motels, hotels, lodginghouses, hospitals, nursing homes, or public institutions such as prisons and mental institutions.

Dwelling, single-family, means a building designed or arranged to be occupied by one single housekeeping unit only.

Dwelling, two-family (duplex), means a building designed or arranged to be occupied by two single housekeeping units living independently of each other.

Dwelling unit means a building, or portion thereof, designed, arranged and used for living quarters for one or more persons living as a single housekeeping unit with cooking facilities, but not including units in hotels or other structures designed for transient residence.

Easement means a non-possessory interest in land; a grant by a property owner for the use by the public, a corporation or persons, of a portion of land for a specified purpose or purposes.

Exterminator means an establishment or person engaged in the service of killing insects, mice, rats or other pests.

Family means an individual; two or more persons related by blood, marriage, adoption or guardianship; or a group of not more than five unrelated persons, occupying a single dwelling unit and using the same cooking facilities; provided, however, that domestic servants employed on the premises may be housed on the premises without being counted as a separate family or families. Any group which is licensed by the state, or any political subdivision thereof, which contains up to six developmentally disabled persons and up to two supervisors or surrogate parents residing on the premises at one time shall constitute a family.

Farm means an area of land principally devoted to agriculture.

Fence means a structural barrier for enclosure, screening or demarcation, presenting a solid face or having openings amongst or between its constituents' members; also, a wall separate from or extending from a building.

Finance, insurance and real estate establishments include, but are not limited to, banks, savings and loan institutions and credit unions; security and commodity exchanges; insurance agents, brokers and service; real estate brokers, agents and managers; trusts; holding and investment companies.

Flea market means the use of land, structures or buildings for the sale of produce or new or used goods, usually of second quality or at cut-rate prices, in which more than two vendors are accommodated in spaces on the same lot or within the same building.

Floor area means the gross heated, finished horizontal area of the floor or floors of a dwelling unit, exclusive of basement, attic, carport or garage.

Funeral home means a building or part thereof used for human funeral services, that may contain space and facilities for: embalming and the performance of other services used in preparation of the dead for burial; performance of autopsies; storage of caskets; and chapel services.

Garage means an accessory building or portion of a principal building used only for the private storage of motor vehicles and other personal property as an accessory use.

Glare means a sensation of brightness within the visual field that causes annoyance, discomfort, or loss in visual performance and visibility.

Grade means the average of the finished ground levels at the center of all walls of a building.

Greenhouse means a building designed or used for growing or propagating plants, with walls or roof usually designed to transmit light. The term "greenhouse" shall not be construed to include commercial horticultural activities.

Guest house means a lodging unit for temporary guests in an accessory building. No such lodging unit shall contain independent cooking or kitchen facilities and shall not be rented or otherwise used as a separate dwelling.

Height, building, means the vertical distance measured from the grade to the highest point of the coping of a flat roof; to the declines of a mansard roof; or to the mean height level between the eaves and ridge of a gable, hip or gambrel roof.

Home occupation means any occupation or profession engaged in by any occupant of a dwelling, not including the conduct of a retail business, manufacturing business or repair business of any kind on the premises. Home occupation shall not include any occupation conducted in any building on the premises other than the building which is used by the occupant as his private dwelling and shall not include the employment of any additional person in the performance of such services. Such home occupations shall not include clairvoyance, fortunetelling, experimentation that involves the use of chemicals or matter or energy that may create or cause to be created noises, noxious odors, or hazards that will endanger the health, safety, or welfare of the community.

Hospital means an institution providing health services, for in-patients and medical or surgical care of the sick or injured, including as an integral part of the institution, such related facilities as laboratories, out-patient department, training facilities, central service facilities and staff offices.

Hotel means a public commercial lodging facility intended for use as temporary residence which may make provisions for meals, entertainment and various personal services provided for compensation to persons traveling for business, tourism or other visitation purposes in which ingress and egress from all rooms is made through an inside lobby or office supervised by a person in charge at all hours.

Household pet means an animal which is customarily kept for company or pleasure within a home or yard which is not exhibited to the public, and raised for commercial purposes, (e.g., show dogs). Household pets include domestic canines, felines, tropical birds, fish, rabbits, rodents and other animals customarily sold in pet stores.

Impervious surface means any material that substantially reduces or prevents the infiltration of stormwater into previously undeveloped land, including, but not limited to, buildings, paved roads, parking lots and driveways, decks, swimming pools and patios, but not including graveled driveways and parking areas.

Inoperable vehicle means any motorized vehicle, other than those vehicles temporarily disabled incapable of immediately being driven. Any motorized vehicle without a current vehicle registration tag shall be considered an inoperable vehicle.

Junkyard/salvage yard means any property involving the abandonment, parking, storage or disassembly of junked or inoperable vehicles or junked machinery, the abandonment, storage, sale, or resale of used auto parts, tires, scrap iron, metal, used plumbing fixtures, old stoves, refrigerators or other old household appliances, used brick, wood, or other building/structural materials, used paper, rags or other scrap materials.

Kennel means the housing, breeding, boarding or training of four or more dogs, cats, or other domestic animals, operated for the purpose of providing income or revenue.

Land disturbing activity means any activity which may result in soil erosion from water or wind and the movement of sediments into state water or onto lands of the state, including, but not limited to, clearing, dredging, grading, scraping, excavating, transporting, or filling of land; and any construction, rebuilding or alteration of a structure, but specifically excluding agricultural and gardening practices.

Landfill means an area wherein solid wastes are placed, under license, compacted and covered but specifically excluding hazardous or radioactive wastes.

Landscape strip means that portion of a given lot, not covered by buildings, pavement, parking, access and service areas, established as landscaped open space, the width of which is measured from a given property line and extending the developed portion of the property line. A landscape strip, as distinguished from a buffer, may be disturbed by grading or side development but is maintained as landscaped open space. A landscape strip may consist of grass lawns, decorative planting, berms, walls, fences or other features designed and arranged to produce an aesthetically pleasing effect within and outside of the development.

Landscaping means changing, rearranging or adding to the original vegetation or scenery of a piece of land to produce an aesthetic effect appropriate for the use to which the land is put. It may include reshaping the land by moving the earth, as well as preserving the original vegetation.

Landscaping service means an establishment engaged in performing a variety of lawn and landscaping services such as lawn fertilizing, mowing, spraying and planting, and the planting and maintenance of landscaping.

Laundromat means a business that provides home-type washing and drying machines for hire to be used by customers on the premises.

Library means a building in which literary, musical, artistic or reference materials are kept for use but not generally for sale.

Loading and unloading space means a space, typically with dimensions of 12 feet by 60 feet, logically and conveniently located for pickups or deliveries or for loading or unloading, scaled to delivery vehicles to be used, and accessible to such vehicles.

Lodginghouse means a fraternity house, sorority house, dormitory, or other such building designed and occupied, with or without separate kitchen or housekeeping facilities for each unit.

Lot means a parcel of land having principal frontage on a public street; a developed or undeveloped tract of land in one ownership legally transferable as a single unit of land.

Lot area means the total horizontal area within the lot lines of a lot, exclusive of public street rights-of-way but inclusive of easements.

Lot, corner, means a lot abutting upon two or more streets at their intersection.

Lot coverage means the part or percent of a lot occupied by buildings and structures, including accessory buildings and structures, but not including unenclosed parking areas.

Lot depth means the mean horizontal distance from the front lot line to the rear lot line.

Lot, double frontage, means any lot, other than a corner lot, which has frontage on two streets that do not intersect at a point abutting the property.

Lot, flag, means a tract or lot of land of uneven dimensions in which the portion fronting on a public street is less than the required minimum width for construction of a building or structure on that lot.

Lot frontage means the width in linear feet of a lot where it abuts the right-of-way of any public street.

Lot of record means a lot which is part of a subdivision, a plat of which has been recorded in the records of the county superior court clerk; or a parcel of land, the deed of which has been recorded in the same office as of the date of adoption of these regulations.

Lot width means the horizontal distance between side lot lines measured at the minimum required front yard (regulatory front building setback) line.

Manufactured home means a structure built to conform to national standards embodied in the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974 as amended, 42 USC 5401 et seq. Administered by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, transportable in one or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is eight body feet or more in width or 40 body feet or more in length, or, when erected on site, is 320 or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities, and includes mandatory plumbing, heating, air conditioning and electrical systems contained therein. A manufactured home displays a certificate from the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development.

Manufactured home park means a parcel of land under single ownership which has been planned or improved for the placement of two or more manufactured homes for residential use, including land, buildings and facilities used by the occupants of manufactured homes on such property.

Manufactured home space means a parcel of land within a manufactured home park which is reserved or leased for the placement of an individual mobile home and accessory structures for the exclusive use of its occupants.

Manufactured home subdivision means parcels of land planned or improved for the placement of manufactured homes on individual lots for residential use.

Manufacturing, processing and assembling means the mechanical or chemical transformation of materials or substances into new products. The land uses engaged in these activities are usually described as plants, factories or mills and characteristically use power driven machines and materials handling equipment. Establishments engaged in assembling component parts of manufactured products are also considered under this definition if the new product is neither a fixed structure nor other fixed improvement. Also included is the blending of materials such as lubricating oils, plastic resins or liquors.

Marquee means a permanent roof-like structure made of metal or other durable material affixed to the wall of a building.

Metes and bounds means a system of describing and identifying land by distances or measures (metes) and bearings or direction (bounds) from an identifiable point of reference, such as a monument or other marker or the corner of intersecting streets.

Mini-warehouse means a building or group of buildings that contains varying sizes of individual, compartmentalized stalls or lockers used for storage, which may include accessory office or night watchman's residence, but not including retail sale on the premises, commercial repair or other services, manufacturing or any other commercial use.

Mobile home means a structure, transportable in one or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is eight body feet or more in width or 40 body feet or more in length or, when erected on site, is 320 or more square feet and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to required utilities and includes the plumbing, heating, air conditioning and electrical systems contained therein and manufactured prior to June 15, 1976.

Mobile home park means a parcel of land or any portion thereof under single ownership which has been designed, planned, or improved for the placement of two or more mobile homes for residential use, including land, buildings, and facilities used by the occupants of mobile homes on such property.

Modular structure means a factory fabricated transportable building consisting of units designed to be incorporated at a building site on a permanent foundation into a permanent structure to be used for residential or commercial purposes and which bears a seal of compliance with regulations of either the Southern Building Code Congress International or the Georgia Industrialized Building Act.

Motel means a public commercial lodging facility intended for use as temporary residence, which may also include provision of meals, entertainment and various personal services, provided for compensation to persons traveling for business, tourism or other visitation purposes, distinguished from a hotel in that ingress or egress to and from all rooms is made primarily from an exterior walkway rather than from an interior lobby.

Museum means an establishment engaged in the procurement, care, study, and display of objects of historical, educational and cultural value and interest.

Nonconforming lot means a lot, the area, width, or other characteristic of which fails to meet requirements of the zoning district in which it is located and which was of record as of the date of adoption of these regulations. Any lot which was subsequently annexed into the city limits which does not meet the requirements of the particular zoning district shall also be considered a nonconforming lot.

Nonconforming structure means any building or structure which does not conform to the regulations governing the bulk, location, height or size of buildings or structures permitted in the district.

Nonconforming use means any building or use of land or building lawfully existing at the date of adoption of the ordinance from which this chapter is derived tor as a result of subsequent amendments to this chapter, which does not conform to the permitted use provisions established herein for the district in which it is located.

Nuisance means anything that interferes with the use or enjoyment of property, endangers public health or safety, or is offensive to the senses; anything that causes hurt, inconvenience or damage to another, even though it may otherwise be lawful.

Nuisance, public, means a nuisance which damages all persons who come within the sphere of its operation.

Nursing home means a facility which admits patients on medical referral only and for whom arrangements have been made for continuous medical supervision; it maintains the services and facilities for skilled nursing care, rehabilitative nursing care, and has a satisfactory agreement with a physician and dentist who will be available for any medical or dental emergency and who will be responsible for the general medical and dental supervision of the home.

Off-street means not located on a street as defined by this article.

Office means a building or portion thereof wherein predominantly administrative, professional or clerical operations are performed, and not involving retail sales or other sales of any kind on the premises.

Official zoning map means the map, which accompanies this chapter text, that delineates the geographic location of the boundaries of zoning districts established in this chapter in relation to natural features, manmade features or property uses.

Open air business means any commercial establishment that displays products in a non-enclosed area.

Open space, landscaped, means that portion or portions of a given lot, not covered by buildings, pavement, parking, access and service areas, set aside and maintained as a buffer, landscape strip or other approved open area.

Outdoor display means the keeping of any goods, junk, material or merchandise outside of a business, building or establishment or in an area visible from a public street, for display, advertisement or purposes of attracting rental or sales. The term "outdoor display" shall not be construed as to include the temporary loading or unloading of such goods, junk, material or merchandise to or from an enclosed area.

Outdoor storage means the keeping of any goods, junk, material, merchandise, or commercial vehicles in the same outdoor place for more than 24 hours.

Parking lot means any public or private open area used for the express purpose of temporary parking of private motor vehicles. A parking lot may be the principal use on a given lot or an accessory use to the principal use on a given lot.

Parking space means an area having an area of at least 160 square feet and 300 square feet, including maneuvering space within a parking lot, to be used exclusively as a temporary parking space for a motor vehicle.

Permitted use means a use which is specifically authorized in a particular zoning district.

Personal care home means a dwelling in which the aged or infirm persons are boarded and receive personal care on a 24-hour basis, but not including professional treatment.

Photography studio means an establishment engaged in photography for hire for the general public, including, but not limited to, portrait, passport, wedding and other special occasion photographs.

Planned unit development means a form of development usually characterized by a unified site design for a number of housing units, clustered buildings, common open space, and a mix of building types and land uses in a more dense setting than allowable on separate zoned lots.

Pool hall means an establishment containing one or more billiard tables, operated for profit, and open to the general public.

Premises means a lot as otherwise used in this article.

Public use means any building, structure or use owned or operated by the federal, state or a local government or any authority, agency, board or commission of the above governments, which is necessary to serve a public purpose, such as but not limited to the following: government administrative buildings, police and fire stations, public health facilities and hospitals, public works camps, parks and community centers, public roads and streets, airports, water and sanitary sewerage storage, intake, collection and treatment and pumping facilities, public housing facilities, jails and correctional centers.

Recreational vehicle means a vehicular type portable structure which can be towed, hauled or driven and is primarily designed as temporary living accommodations for recreational, camping and travel uses.

Recreational vehicle (RV) park means any lot of land upon which two or more recreational vehicle sites are located, established or maintained for occupancy on a temporary basis by recreational vehicles of the general public as temporary living quarters by campers, vacationers or travelers.

Recycling collection center means a principal or accessory use that serves as a neighborhood or regional drop-off point for temporary storage of recoverable resources such as cans, bottles and newspapers, but specifically excluding processing of such resources.

Recycling plant means a facility in which recoverable resources such as cans, bottles and newspapers are recycled, reprocessed and treated to return such products to a condition in which they may again be used in packaging or for production.

Rehabilitation means the process of returning a property to a state of utility, through repair or alteration, which makes possible an efficient contemporary use while preserving those portions of the property which are significant to its historic, architectural and cultural values.

Rehabilitation center means facilities authorized or licensed by appropriate agencies for the primary purpose of rehabilitation of: offenders against the law; persons with drug or alcohol abuse problems; mentally handicapped; and physically handicapped.

Residence for caretaker or night watchman means an accessory residence, located inside or in addition to the principal structure or use of a parcel of land, designed or occupied by security personnel for security reasons only.

Residential district means any R-1, R-2 or R-3 zoning district as indicated on the official zoning map.

Restaurant means any place or premises used for sale, dispensing or service of food, refreshment or beverages.

Restaurant, drive-in, means any place or premises used for sale, dispensing or service of food, refreshment or beverage to persons in automobiles, including those establishments where customers may eat or drink on the premises.

Retail trade establishment, enclosed, means any business offering goods and products for sale to the public, which operates entirely within a structure containing a roof and walls on all sides, except for outdoor display or other use during business hours and accessory storage in enclosed, subordinate buildings. Incidental repair is also included. The following are considered enclosed retail trade establishments (list is not all-inclusive): paint, glass and wallpaper stores; grocery and miscellaneous food stores including retail bakeries; apparel, shoe and accessory clothing stores; furniture, floor covering and home furnishing stores; household appliance stores; radio, television and computer stores; musical instrument stores; record, tape and compact disc stores; eating and drinking places not involving drive-in or drive-through facilities; drug stores and proprietary stores; liquor stores; used merchandise stores; sporting goods and bicycle shops; book, art and stationery stores; hobby, toy and game shops; jewelry, gift, novelty, souvenir and antique shops; camera and photographic supply stores, luggage and leather goods stores; sewing, needlework and piece goods stores; catalog and mail order stores; florists; tobacco stores; optical goods stores; news stands; automotive parts stores; video rental and sales stores; watches and clocks; pawnshops; convenience stores with or without retail gasoline sales.

Retail trade establishment, unenclosed, means any business offering goods and products for sale to the public, which does not operate entirely within a structure containing a roof and walls on all sides, and which all or a portion of the goods and products are displayed or stored, or business transacted, in the open air or other shelter not completely enclosed. The following are considered unenclosed retail trade establishments (list is not all-inclusive): lumber and building materials; retail nurseries and garden supply stores; mobile and manufactured home/modular building dealers; new and used car, truck, boat, recreational vehicle, camper, motorcycle, and other motorized vehicle sales and leasing; eating and drinking places including drive-in and drive-through facilities; fuel oil and liquefied petroleum dealers; agricultural implement and equipment sales and rental; Christmas tree sales; flea markets; monument sales establishments; automatic teller facilities; gas stations; produce stands; firewood sales.

Rezoning means an amendment to or a change in the official zoning map.

Right-of-way means that area, distinguished from an easement, which is owned in fee-simple title by the governing body or other government, for the present or future use of roads, streets, and highways, together with its drainage facilities and other supporting uses and structures.

Roominghouse means a building where, for compensation, lodging only is provided.

Sanitarium means a hospital used for treating chronic and usually long-term illness.

School means a facility that provides a curriculum of elementary and secondary academic instruction. A school is considered public if operated by a unit of government.

School, trade, technical, business, means an establishment in which is offered, for compensation, instruction in a trade, craft, technical field, or business skills.

Screening means a method of shielding, obscuring or buffering one use or building from another use or building by fencing, walls, berms, densely planted vegetation, natural vegetation or other means; a visual and acoustical barrier which is of such nature and density that provides yearround maximum opacity from the ground to a height of at least six feet or that screens structures and activities from view from the normal level of a first story window on an abutting lot. Screening methods include opaque fences, walls, hedges, berms and other features.

Semi-public use means any building, structure or use owned or operated by private utilities or private companies for a public purpose, or which is reasonably necessary for the furnishing of adequate service by such utilities, such as but not limited to the following: underground or overhead gas, electrical, steam or water distribution or transmission lines or systems, electric power substations, wires, towers, cables, and poles, railroad facilities and bus and air terminals.

Septic tank means an approved watertight tank designed or used to receive sewage from a building sewer and to effect separation and organic decomposition of sewage solids, and discharging sewage effluent to an absorption field or other management system.

Service, automotive, means an establishment providing services and repairs to motor-driven vehicles, including, but not limited to: rental car facilities; automobile parking lots; top and body, paint, automotive glass, transmission, and tire repair shops; car washes, including automated and full service facilities; oil change and lubrication.

Service establishment, business, means a facility engaged in support functions to establishments operating for a profit, including, but not limited to: advertising agencies; photocopying, blueprinting and duplication services; commercial art and graphic design; disinfecting, exterminating and pest control; personnel supply services and employment agencies; computer and data processing services; detective and security system services; accounting, auditing and bookkeeping services; publications and business consulting firms.

Service establishment, personal, means a facility engaged in the provision of services to persons and their apparel, including, but not limited to: barbershops and beauty shops; coin-operated and full service laundries; photographic studios; shoe repair and shoeshine parlors; dance studios, schools and halls; specialized instructional studios and schools; day care centers; and massage parlors.

Service, lodging, means a facility that offers temporary shelter accommodations, or place for such shelter, open to the public for a fee, including, but not limited to: hotels, motels and motor hotels; roominghouses and boardinghouses; bed and breakfast inns; recreational vehicle parks and campgrounds.

Service, miscellaneous, means those service establishments not otherwise specifically classified, including, but not limited to: food catering; interior decorating; locksmiths; travel agencies; animal hospitals and veterinary clinics; funeral homes, mortuaries and mausoleums; construction contractors establishments not involving outside storage of vehicles or materials; hospitals and clinics; palmreading and fortunetelling; pet grooming, pet psychologists, dog obedience schools and kennels; taxidermists.

Service station means any building, structure or land used for the retail sale of motor vehicle fuel, oil, accessories, and motor vehicle servicing, except that major repairs, body repairs, and painting of motor vehicles shall not be considered motor vehicle servicing.

Setback means the minimum horizontal distance between a street, alley, or the property boundary lines of a lot and the front, rear, or side lines of a building located on that lot.

Shopping center means a group of commercial establishments, planned, developed, owned and managed as a unit, with off-street parking on the property.

Sign means any writing, pictorial presentation, illustration, or decoration, flag, banner or pennant or other device which is used to announce, direct attention to, identify, advertise or otherwise make anything known, and which is designed to be visible from any street or adjoining property, except for house numbers and address numbers and non-business letters on mailboxes. For the purposes of these regulations, any sign not visible from a street or adjoining property or any sign within a business, office, mall or totally enclosed area is exempted from these regulations, as are all approved traffic control signs and devices.

Sign, animated, means any sign of which all or any part thereof visibly moves in any fashion whatsoever; and any sign which contains or uses for illumination any light, lights or lighting device or devices which change color, flash or alternate, show movement or motion, or automatically change the appearance of the sign or any part thereof.

Sign area means the entire area within a circle, triangle, or parallelogram enclosing the extreme limits of writing, representation, emblem, or any figure of similar character, together with any frame or other material or color forming an integral part of the display or used to differentiate the sign from the background against which it is placed; excluding the necessary supports or uprights on which such sign is placed. Where a sign consists solely of lettering or other sign elements printed or mounted on a wall of a building without any distinguishing border, panel, or background; any blank rectangular area which consists of ten percent or more of the area of the sign as otherwise computed shall be disregarded. All of the lettering and other sign elements printed or mounted upon a wall of a building without any distinguishing border, panel, or background and pertaining to the same enterprise shall be treated as a single sign for purposes of area computation. Where a sign has two or more faces, the area of all faces shall be counted as the area of one face if the two faces are of equal area, or as the area of the larger face if the two faces are of unequal area.

Sign, bench, means a sign located on any part of the surface of a bench or seat placed on or adjacent to a public right-of-way.

Sign, construction, means any sign giving the name and location of principal contractors, architects, and lending institutions responsible for construction on the site where the sign is placed.

Sign, directional, means a sign temporarily or permanently erected on a site other than that to which persons are directed (off-site) which denotes the route to a particular business or other destination.

Sign, flashing, means a sign designed to attract attention through the use of a flashing, changing, revolving or flickering light source, or a change in light intensity.

Sign, freestanding/ground, means a permanently affixed sign which is wholly independent of any building for support.

Sign height means the vertical distance from the finished grade at the base of the supporting structure to the top of the sign, or its frame or supporting structure, whichever is higher.

Sign, identification, means a sign which depicts the name or address of a building, subdivision or establishment on the premises where the sign is located as a means of identifying the building, subdivision or establishment.

Sign, internally illuminated, means a sign illuminated with a light source which is enclosed within the sign and viewed through a translucent panel.

Sign, portable, moveable, means any sign that is, or is intended to be, affixed or mounted to a frame with or without wheels or other substantial base for the express purpose of easy mobility from one location to another. These signs include, but are not limited to, signs on wheels, trailers or other devices designed and used for relocation.

Sign, temporary, means a sign with or without a structural frame, that is not permanently attached to a building, a structure, or the ground, and that is intended for a limited period of display.

Sign, window, means any sign painted or placed inside or upon a door or window facing the outside and which is intended to be seen from the exterior, which is devoted exclusively to operational aspects of a business or other establishment (i.e., open, closed, out-to-lunch, no smoking, etc.) and which does not contain general advertising material.

Site plan means a graphic illustration, two-dimensional, prepared to scale, showing accurately and with complete dimensioning, the boundaries of a lot or tract and the location of all buildings, structures, uses and principal site development features proposed for a specific lot or tract of land.

Story means that portion of a building comprised between a floor and the floor or roof next above.

Street means a public or private thoroughfare which is open to the general public and which affords the principal means of access to abutting property.

Street, arterial, unless otherwise specified by the comprehensive plan, transportation element of the comprehensive plan or major thoroughfare plan, means streets and highway facilities, including full and partial access controlled highways and major urban area entrance highways, which are designed to carry the highest traffic volumes and the longest trips through and within an urban area.

Street, collector, unless otherwise specified by the comprehensive plan, transportation element of the comprehensive plan or major thoroughfare plan, means those streets that collect traffic from minor streets or other collector streets and channel it to the arterial system. Collector streets provide land access and traffic circulation within residential neighborhoods, commercial and industrial areas.

Street, public, means a dedicated and accepted public right-of-way which affords the principal means of access to abutting properties.

Structure means anything constructed or erected, the use of which requires more or less permanent or semi-permanent location on the ground, or which is attached to something having more or less permanent location on the ground, not including utility poles, but specifically including tents, bleachers, gasoline pumps, recreational vehicles, travel trailers signs, and structures from which products are vended and similar objects.

Subdivision means the division of a parcel or tract of land into three or more lots for the purposes of creation of lots for development, the rearrangement of existing lot lines, or for the purpose of transfer of ownership.

Temporary use means a use intended for a specified limited duration.

Townhouse means one of a group of three or more attached dwelling units under fee-simple ownership.

Transitional use means a permitted use, building or structure that by nature or level and scale of activity acts as a transition or buffer between two or more incompatible uses.

Transportation, communication and utility facilities includes, but is not limited to, the following: bus passenger stations and terminals; airports, heliports and helistops; taxicab and limousine services; radio and television studios and broadcasting towers; recycling collection centers; truckstops and truck terminals; trucking and courier services; marinas; railroad facilities; gas, electric, water supply services; emergency medical services; ultra-light flight parks.

Travel trailer means a portable dwelling or lodging unit having no other foundation than wheels, distinguished from a mobile or manufactured home, designed for short-term travel, recreational or vacation use, including pickup campers and motor homes.

Tree means any self-supporting, woody perennial plant having a single trunk diameter of two inches or more which normally grows at maturity to an overall height of a minimum of 15 feet.

Truckstop means an area principally devoted to the service, re-fueling, temporary storage or parking of trucks, including accessory buildings, structures and uses such as restaurants.

Truck terminal means an area where cargo is stored for routing or reshipment and where trucks load and unload cargo on a regular basis, or an area in which semi-trailers or trucks are parked and stored.

Unenclosed area means any area of a given lot or structure which is not covered with a roof and protected by opaque walls on each of the sides of the area or structure.

Use means any purpose for which a building or structure or a tract of land may be designed, arranged, intended, maintained, or occupied; or any activity, occupation, business, or operation carried on, or intended to be carried on, in a building or structure or on a tract of land.

Utility means public or private water and sewer piping systems, water or sewer pumping stations, electric power lines, fuel pipelines, telephone lines, cable television lines, roads, driveways, river/lake access facilities, stormwater facilities, railroads, airports and bus terminals.

Variance means a minimal relaxation or modification of the strict terms of the height, area, placement, setback, yard, buffer, landscape strip, parking and loading regulations as applied to specific property when, because of particular physical surroundings, shape, or topographical condition of the property, compliance would result in a particular hardship upon the owner, as distinguished from a mere inconvenience or a desire to make a profit.

Warehouse means a building or group of buildings for the storage of goods or wares, with controlled access to contents.

Wholesale distribution means an establishment engaged in selling merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional or professional business users or to other wholesalers.

Wrecked motor vehicle compound means an area used to store disabled motor vehicles until such time as their disposition (either by junk, salvage or repair) has been determined by the insurance company, the owner of the vehicle, or his legal representative.

Yard means a space on the same lot with a principal building, which is open, unoccupied, and unobstructed by buildings or structures from ground to sky except where encroachments and accessory buildings are expressly permitted. A yard may contain a parking or loading area unless otherwise specified by these regulations.

Yard, front, means a space on the same lot with a principal building, extending the full width of the lot, and situated between the street right-of-way and the front line of the building projected to the side lines of the lot. In the case of a corner lot, both spaces with street frontage shall be considered front yards. In the case of double frontage lots, the spaces as defined above shall both be considered front yards.

Yard, rear, means the space on the same lot with a principal building, extending the full width of the lot and situated between the rear line of the lot and the rear line of the building projected to the side lines of the lot.

Yard sale means the temporary sale of home furniture, appliances, clothing or domestic items owned by an occupant of a residential dwelling and taking place on the premises on which such occupant resides, whether in the yard or in a carport or garage, usually as a result of the occupant moving/relocating to another place of residence. Yard sales which do not take place on the premises on which such occupant resides are considered open-air businesses.

Yard, side, means a space on the same lot with a principal building, situated between the building and the side lot line and extending from the rear line of the front yard to the front line of the rear yard.

Zero lot line means the location of a building on a lot in such a manner that one or more building sides have no side building setback and rest directly on a side lot line.

Zoning means a legislative procedure in which the community is divided into districts or zones within which permitted uses, and in some cases conditional uses, are established as well as regulations governing lot size, bulk, height and other development requirements.

Zoning administrator means the city manager or his authorized representative.

(Ord. of 1993, § 301; Ord. of 2-14-1995, § 14)

(a)

The location and boundaries of the districts listed in section 46-25 are hereby established as shown on a map entitled Official Zoning Map of the City. The map, together with all explanatory matter thereon, is hereby adopted by reference and declared to be a part of this chapter.

(b)

The official zoning map shall be identified by the signature of the mayor, attested by the city clerk, and bear the seal of the city or that of a notary public under the following words: "This is to certify that this is the official zoning map referred to in city zoning regulations," together with the date of the adoption of the ordinance. The official zoning map may be reproduced so that additional copies of the map may be made available, upon proper certification as described above.

(c)

If, in accordance with the provisions of this chapter and the applicable state law, changes are made in boundaries or other matter portrayed on the official zoning map, such changes shall be entered on the official zoning map promptly after the amendment has been approved by the city council with appropriate entry or indication of such amendment on the official zoning map. The formal action by the city council to change the boundaries of the official zoning map shall be sufficient to make such zoning district change effective. Upon such changes, the zoning administrator is authorized to enter such changes on the official zoning map, and readoption of the map shall not be required.

(d)

No changes of any nature shall be made in the official zoning map or matter shown thereon except in conformity with the procedures set forth in this chapter. Any unauthorized change of whatever kind by any person or persons shall be considered a violation of this chapter.

(e)

Regardless of the existence of purported copies of the official zoning map which may from time to time be made or published, the official zoning map shall be located in the office of the zoning administrator and shall be the final authority as to the current zoning status of land and water areas, buildings, and other structures in the city.

(f)

In the event that the official zoning map becomes damaged, destroyed, lost, or difficult to interpret because of the nature or number of changes and additions, the city council may adopt a new official zoning map which shall supersede the prior official zoning map. The new official zoning map may correct drafting or other errors or omissions in the prior official zoning map, but no such correction shall have the effect of amending the original official zoning map or any subsequent amendment thereof. The new official zoning map shall be identified by the signature of the mayor, attested by the city clerk, and bear the seal of the city or a notary public under the following words: "This is to certify that this official zoning map supersedes and replaces the official zoning map adopted (date of adoption of map being replaced) as part of the city zoning regulations."

(g)

Unless the prior official zoning map has been lost, or has been totally destroyed, the prior map, or any significant parts thereof remaining, shall be preserved, together with all available records pertaining to its adoption or amendment.

(Ord. of 1993, §§ 402, 403)

The zoning administrator, city clerk or other official in the city shall ensure that copies of this chapter are printed and available for distribution to the general public.

(Ord. of 2-14-1995, § 13)