Crescent City City Zoning Code
CHAPTER 17
42 OFF-STREET PARKING
§ 17.42.010 Purpose.
The purpose of these off-street parking and loading regulations is to relieve congestion and provide for safe movement of traffic along public streets, to promote the general welfare and convenience and prosperity of residential, commercial and manufacturing developments which depend upon the availability of off-street parking facilities, and to protect adjacent residential neighborhoods from vehicular traffic and parking congestion generated by commercial and industrial uses. It is unlawful for any person, firm or corporation who owns, leases or controls a building or structure to fail, neglect or refuse to provide and maintain off-street parking and loading facilities as required in this chapter.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.020 When required.
A.
Off-street parking spaces, covered parking spaces and loading areas shall be provided as specified in this title:
B.
No certificate of occupancy shall be issued for the use of any building nor a building permit issued for the erection or alteration of any building unless such use or building complies with the regulations of this chapter. This shall not be interpreted to interfere with the nonconforming use of any structure in compliance with the provisions of Chapter 17.50.
C.
No parking space, covered parking space or loading area required for compliance with this title shall be discontinued, reduced or altered in any manner below the requirements established in this chapter unless otherwise provided or unless equivalent parking spaces, covered parking space or loading area is provided elsewhere in compliance with this title.
(Ord. 695 § 2, 2003)
§ 17.42.030 Computation of number of spaces required.
In computation of the number of off-street parking spaces required, a fractional space of 0.5 space or more shall be counted as one space.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.040 Residential parking space requirements.
A.
One-family dwellings shall be provided with two covered parking spaces for each unit. Two-family dwellings shall be provided with one covered parking space and one uncovered parking space for each dwelling unit. Covered parking spaces may be converted for living purposes provided a replacement parking space is available within the lot line.
B.
Three or more family dwellings and dwelling groups shall be provided with one and one-half spaces per dwelling unit.
C.
Fraternities, sororities, dormitories, lodging, rooming and boarding houses shall be provided with one off-street parking space for each two adult occupants and each employee.
D.
Planned-unit residential developments shall be provided parking commensurate with the type and number of residential units as required in A and B above and, where applicable, with parking for commercial uses as outlined in Section 17.76.060. For residential projects exceeding five units in size additional parking for recreational vehicle storage at a minimum ratio of one space per five units.
E.
Residential care facilities: one space for the first six client beds and one space for every four beds thereafter with an additional one space for each employee or staff member.
F.
Bed and breakfasts shall provide one parking space per guestroom.
G.
Mobilehome parks shall be provided with two parking spaces for each mobilehome.
(Ord. 695 § 2, 2003)
§ 17.42.050 Business parking space-Requirements generally.
A.
The number of required off-street parking spaces shall be calculated from the square footage of the entire structure or use, including storage areas, mechanical equipment rooms, basements and similar are-as unless otherwise designated in this chapter.
B.
In the case of a building or group of building under one ownership but containing different uses with different parking requirements, the total parking to be provided shall be based on the sum of the requirements for each separate use.
C.
If parking requirements for a use are not specifically listed in this section, parking shall be required on the same basis as the most comparable listed use as determined by the planning commission.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.060 Business parking space-Number required.
The type of use, size and number of required parking spaces shall be as follows:
A.
Transportation. Railroad, bus, air, marine terminal, one parking space for each five seats in waiting terminal.
B.
Trade.
1.
Wholesale, one parking space for each two employees based on largest shift, plus one space for each company vehicle.
C.
Commercial Use.
1.
Retail store not otherwise specified in this section, one space per two hundred fifty square feet of floor area;
2.
Bank, business or professional office, unless otherwise specified, one space per five hundred square feet of floor area;
3.
Retail, handling bulky merchandise such as furniture or automobile, one space per five hundred square feet of floor area;
4.
Medical or dental clinic or office, one space per two hundred square feet of floor area;
5.
Shopping centers, one space per two hundred fifty square feet of floor area; and
6.
Motels and hotels shall be provided with one and one-tenth parking space for each unit.
D.
Commercial Food Uses.
1.
Restaurants, one space per four seats maximum occupancy and one per employee on the largest shift;
2.
Taverns, one space per one hundred square feet of floor area. Taverns offering dancing or live entertainment, one space per seventy-five square feet of floor area; and
3.
Fast food establishments, one space per fifty square feet of floor area.
H.
Repair Services (wearing apparel, motor vehicles, appliances and furniture)
I.
Professional Services.
1.
General hospitals, for all bed capacities, one parking space for each two beds;
2.
Convalescent hospitals, nursing homes, guesthomes, foster homes, one parking space for each three beds;
3.
Residential facilities for the elderly, 1.25 spaces per unit;
4.
Veterinary hospitals, six parking spaces, plus one space for each two hundred fifty square feet of floor area in excess of one thousand square feet; and
5.
Contract construction, one parking space for each two employees based on largest shift, plus one space for each company vehicle.
J.
Educational Services.
1.
Child care nursery, one parking space per employee, plus three spaces;
2.
Elementary schools, one parking space per employee;
4.
College or university, one parking space per employee, plus one space per three students:
a.
Plus additional parking for stadium or sports arenas as required in subsection (L)(1) of this section; and
5.
Trade, vocation or business schools, one parking space per employee, plus one space per two students.
K.
L.
Entertainment and Recreation.
1.
Theaters, auditoriums and sports arenas or stadiums, including school auditoriums and stadiums, for all fixed seating capacity (eighteen linear inches of bench equals one seat), one parking space for each five seats;
2.
Skating rinks, dancehalls, exhibition halls, without fixed seats, for floor area devoted to public assembly or activity, one parking space for each fifty square feet of floor area;
3.
Bowling alleys, four parking spaces for each alley;
4.
Billiard parlor, two parking spaces for each table;
5.
Parks, recreation areas and pools, golf courses, as determined by the planning commission; and
6.
Exercise gymnasiums or clubs: one parking space for each equipment workstation, two parking spaces for small court activities such as racquetball or squash, one parking space per fifty square feet of dance, classroom or team court area and one parking space per employee.
M.
Parking Requirements for Uses Not Specified. The parking space requirements of buildings and uses not set forth herein shall be determined by the planning director, and such determination shall be based upon requirements for the most comparable building or use specified herein, or where no such use is comparable, such space which would appear necessary to provide adequate parking for the use.
(Ord. 695 § 2, 2003)
§ 17.42.070 Manufacturing parking space requirements.
In connection with the use of land for manufacturing, warehousing, wholesaling, contractors or distributive industries off-street parking space shall be provided as follows:
A.
One off-street parking space for each two employees computed on the basis of the maximum number of employees which can be employed on the largest shift at any one time plus one space for each company vehicle.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.080 Loading space requirements.
On the same land therewith, every structure or part thereof erected or occupied for manufacturing, storage warehouse, wholesaling, department store, food store, hotel, hospital, funeral home, laundry or drycleaning plants or other uses involving the receipt or distribution by vehicle of materials or merchandise incidental to carrying on such activity, shall be provided with sufficient space for standing, loading and unloading vehicles to avoid undue interference with the public use of streets and alleys. Such space shall be no less than ten feet by twenty-five feet for every ten thousand square feet of floor area with a fourteen foot minimum height clearance, but shall not be a part of any area used for off-street parking purposes.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.090 Location of required parking.
A.
Specific Distances. Required off-street parking spaces shall be located within the distances hereinafter specified. For parking spaces not located on the same lot as the use they are intended to serve, the distance shall be measured along the nearest public right-of-way available for pedestrian use.
1.
For one-, two-, and three-family dwellings: on the same lot as the building the parking is intended to serve;
2.
For multiple-family dwellings: on the same lot and not more than two hundred feet from the building they are intended to serve;
3.
All uses other than those specified; above: not over three hundred feet from the building they are intended to serve except that parking spaces to be located in a residential zone shall be adjacent to the use they intend to serve.
B.
Legal Requirement for Parking Provided under Separate Ownership.
1.
If a use requiring parking space is in one ownership and the required parking space provided is in another ownership partially or wholly, the property owners involved shall submit a legal agreement approved by the city attorney as to form and content, guaranteeing that said required parking spaces shall be maintained so long as the use requiring parking is in existence or unless the required parking is provided elsewhere in accordance with the provisions of this section;
2.
The approved agreement guaranteeing maintenance shall be recorded by the property owner in the office of the county recorder and a copy thereof filed with the building department of the city.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.100 Parking areas in residential districts.
A parking area exclusively for passenger automobiles may be permitted in residential districts (R-l, R-2, R-3) if authorized by the planning commission through approval of a use permit. Said parking area shall be subject to the following minimum requirements in addition to those elsewhere specified in this chapter:
A.
Accessibility of Parking Area. The parking area shall be accessory to and for use of one or more uses permitted in an abutting commercial or industrial district.
B.
To Be Used Only For Parking Passenger Automobiles. The parking area shall be used solely for the parking of passenger automobiles.
C.
Signs. No signs of any kind, other than signs designating entrance, exits and conditions of use, shall be maintained on such parking areas. Such signs shall not exceed four square feet in size and the number and location shall be approved by the planning commission prior to installation.
D.
Fencing. The parking area shall be fenced along all interior property lines by a solid fence of wood, masonry or other materials approved by the planning commission. The height of such fence shall be the maximum permitted by this chapter, or to a lesser height as approved by the planning commission.
E.
Landscaping, Screening and Maintenance. Landscaping and screening along the street side property line shall be installed and maintained as required in the "Development, Operation and Maintenance of Parking Spaces" provisions of Section 17.42.120.
F.
Additional Requirements or Conditions. In addition to the above requirements, such parking lot shall comply with such further requirements or conditions as may be prescribed by the planning commission for the protection of the residential district in which such parking lot is to be located.
G.
Overnight Parking Prohibited—Exception. Overnight parking is prohibited unless such parking lot is completely enclosed by an approved barrier and is locked and limited to passenger automobiles.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.110 Joint use.
The joint use of off-street parking areas may be authorized by use permit for the following uses or activities under the following conditions:
A.
Up to fifty percent of the off-street parking for "nighttime" uses, such as theaters, bowling alleys, bars or restaurants, may be supplied by the parking area provided for "daytime" uses, such as banks, offices, retail and personal service establishments.
B.
Up to fifty percent of the off-street parking for "daytime" uses may be supplied by the parking area provided by a "nighttime" use.
C.
Up to fifty percent for the parking for churches or auditoriums may be supplied by the parking facilities provided by "daytime" uses.
D.
The parking area shall be located within three hundred feet of the use intended to be served measured along the normal walking distance along a public right-of-way.
E.
The applicant shall submit sufficient data to indicate that there is no conflict in the principal operating hours of the uses proposing to make use of the joint parking facilities.
F.
The property owners involved in the joint use of off-street parking facilities shall submit a legal agreement approved by the city attorney as to form and content. Such instrument, when approved as conforming to the provisions of this section, shall be recorded by the property owner in the office of the county recorder and a copy thereof filed with the building department of the city.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.120 Development, operation and maintenance of parking spaces.
A.
For the purpose of this chapter, parking spaces shall be developed in accordance with standards as adopted from time to time by resolution of the city council.
B.
All off-street parking spaces, whether required or not, shall be developed and maintained in accordance with the regulations contained in this chapter.
C.
Approval of the location and development plan shall be secured from the planning director prior to the installation or use of any area for parking purposes which is not covered under the use permit provisions of this chapter.
D.
Parking spaces and access driveways thereto shall be graded, drained and surfaced in accordance with city standards.
E.
Each off-street parking space shall be designed so it can function independently of any other parking space and no space shall be approved which cannot function properly due to obstructions, restricted access, restricted turning radius or which require excessive maneuvering.
F.
Whenever a parking area for commercial or industrial uses abuts the side or rear of a parcel located in a residential zone, the development plan for such parking area shall be reviewed and approved by the planning director to assure compliance with all regulations and requirements for the proper consideration and protection of the abutting residential property.
G.
No sale, storage, repair work, dismantling or servicing of any kind shall be permitted on required parking spaces.
H.
Ingress and egress across public sidewalks shall be made possible without the necessity of backing over the same except for property devoted exclusively to one-family, two-family or three-family dwellings. This requirement may be waived by the planning commission upon a showing of hardship and a finding that such waiver will not create a hazardous condition.
I.
Required side yards and rear yards may be used for parking purposes.
J.
Posts, bumpers, wheel stops or other acceptable devices shall be provided on all parking spaces located along property lines.
K.
Wherever a parking area is lighted, such lighting shall be arranged so that it is directed onto the parking area and reflected away from any residential property.
L.
Public alleys may be used to satisfy a portion of the required back-up space where the planning commission determines use of said alley for such purpose will not prove detrimental to traffic circulation or access to adjacent properties.
M.
All parking areas shall be developed to the following minimum standards:
1.
Landscaping shall be provided along all street side property lines not occupied by driveways as follows:
a.
A planter no less than sixty inches in width shall be provided with an acceptable irrigation system and planted and maintained with evergreen shrubs,
b.
One tree for every five spaces, or fraction thereof, shall be provided. Said trees shall be a minimum one and one half-inch caliper in size and a minimum of six feet tall at time of planting, placed in tree wells at least five feet by five feet in size, provided with a means of irrigation and maintained in a living condition. Where two or more trees are provided half shall be of an evergreen species.
(Ord. 695 § 2, 2003)
§ 17.42.130 Provision for reduction or waiver of parking regulations.
A.
Reasonable and justifiable reductions or waivers may be made to these parking regulations by the planning commission as hereinafter provided.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.140 Assessment districts for parking.
A.
Exemptions. Whenever, pursuant to the provisions of this chapter, public off-street parking facilities are established by means of a special assessment district, or by any other means which the city council may determine, all existing buildings and uses, and all buildings erected or uses established thereafter within the special assessment district, or other district which the city council may have determined, shall be exempt from the requirements of this section for privately supplied off-street parking facilities except as provided.
B.
Additional Off-street Parking Facilities. The city planning commission may require additional off-street parking facilities in connection with the occupancy or use of a building in an area which was included in a special assessment district, or in any other district which the city council may have determined to be served by public off-street parking facilities in the following cases:
1.
Where the use of a building which was erected after the levying of the special assessment in such an area, or after the establishment of public off-street parking facilities creates the need for an unusual or exceptional amount of off-street parking;
2.
Where alterations, expansion or change in use of a building, after levying of a special parking assessment in such an area, or the establishment of public off-street parking spaces in excess of the spaces required for such a building or use before the alteration, expansion or change in use.
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.150 Compact cars.
Up to thirty percent of all required and nonrequired vehicle parking spaces, excluding handicapped spaces, may be sized for compact cars. Compact car spaces shall meet the following minimum dimensions shown in Table 17.42.150 and shall be clearly marked "Compact Cars".
Table 17.42.150 Maneuvering Width (in feet) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | Stall Width | Stall Depth | One Aisle | Two Aisle |
90 degree | 7.5 | 16 | 25 | 24 |
60 degree | 7.5 | 18 | 19 | 18 |
45 degree | 7.5 | 17 | 13 | 12 |
30 degree | 7.5 | 14 | 12 | 12 |
Other | To be determined by the Planning Commission | |||
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)
§ 17.42.160 Special provisions.
A.
Redevelopment Area No. 1. Existing buildings in Redevelopment Area No. 1 are exempt from the off-street parking requirements. New buildings and additions to existing buildings are subject to the off-street parking requirements.
B.
Redevelopment Area No. 2. Existing buildings in Redevelopment Area No. 2 shall receive fifty percent credit for off-street parking requirements for commercial uses when all or part of the subject parcel is located within three hundred feet from a city-owned and identified parking lot which has been developed for public parking purposes.
(Ord. 695 § 2, 2003)
§ 17.42.170 Appeal.
§ 17.42.180 Parking lot requirements.
A.
In order to prevent backing over sidewalk, backing into street and congestion at lot entrance, no stall may be within ten feet of the property line and/or sidewalk adjacent to the street. See Table 17.42.180A.
B.
In single-entrance ninety-degree parking lots, provisions for adequate egress from rear stalls shall be made. See Table 17.42.180B.
C.
Two-way driveways shall have a minimum width of twenty feet.
D.
All new parking lots shall be surfaced with asphalt or concrete. All stalls shall be marked and maintained.
E.
Driveway openings shall be aligned with parking lot aisles.
F.
Parking lot designs shall be drawn to scale with dimensions and parking angle indicated. See Table 17.42.180F.
G.
The minimum driveway widths shown below apply to all access driveways serving required off-street parking both between the street and the parking as well as between separate parking areas within the development:
Number of Stalls Served | Length of Driveway 0—100′ | Length of Driveway Over 100′ | One-Way Driveway |
|---|---|---|---|
1—4 | 10 | 12 | 10′ |
5—9 | 12 | 20 | 12′ |
10 + | 20 | 20 | 12′ |
Table 17.42.180A  |
Table 17.42.180F  |
(Ord. 640 § 5, 1990)