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Lyme City Zoning Code

ARTICLE 18

Earth Materials Operations

§ 315-18.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this article is to permit the extraction of earth materials resources in such a manner as to protect the natural environment of the Town of Lyme, limiting potential adverse impacts in the form of environmental degradation, traffic, noise, dust and aesthetic considerations. These regulations are intended to protect sensitive areas from damage, minimize adverse impacts during operations, and restore the site to a safe and attractive condition following termination or completion of the operation. This article is intended to control any earth material operations that may create a safety or health hazard to the public or the adjacent property owners, or be detrimental to the immediate neighborhood or the Town, and to provide for restoration of the operation site in keeping with the character of the Town.

§ 315-18.2 Uses allowed without permit.

The following filling, removal or excavation activities are permitted in all zones, including the Conservation District, without a permit, except as noted in Article 14:
A. 
Foundation, trench, septic and related site excavation and/or filling performed after the issuance of a building and/or septic permit.
B. 
Filling, removal or excavation in connection with the landscaping and grading of land for a purpose for which a building permit is not required, provided that such filling, removal, or excavation shall not exceed 1,000 cubic yards of material.

§ 315-18.3 Waiver of certain requirements for farm ponds.

The Commission may waive any of the requirements of Article 18 (Earth Materials Operations) and Article 12 (Special Permits) with regard to excavation activities in connection with a farm pond.
A. 
The Commission shall consider, but is not limited to, the following information in determining whether a waiver is appropriate:
(1) 
If a permit for the pond activity has been approved by the Lyme Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Agency in accordance with that Agency's regulations.
(2) 
The aggregate quantity of material to be moved and its disposition, whether within the property or off site, shall be the minimum necessary for the farming operation.
(3) 
If the pond and related activities are in compliance with § 22a-40 of the Connecticut General Statutes, as amended, wherein: a farm pond of three acres or less is essential to the farming operation; and shall not include the mining of topsoil, peat, sand, gravel or similar material from wetlands or watercourses for the purposes of sale.
(4) 
The nature and details of the existing or proposed farming operation.
(5) 
The time frame for the proposed activity, including the rate of excavation and removal of material.
(6) 
The health, safety, welfare and property values of residents of the Town of Lyme.
B. 
The applicant for any consideration of a waiver hereunder shall notify each adjacent and abutting property owner, by certified mail, return receipt requested, of his proposal, including the date and place at which the Commission will review the application. Such notice shall be given at least 10 days prior to the scheduled meeting.

§ 315-18.4 Preexisting operations.

Operations involving earth material removal in existence on or before April 10, 1991, ("preexisting operations") may continue without a permit, but subject to the provisions of Zoning Regulations, and provided that there is no enlargement or extension of the earth material removal operation except as allowed by law. A permit in accordance with the provisions of this regulation shall be obtained by any preexisting operation prior to any enlargement or extension of its earth material removal operation.

§ 315-18.5 Applicability.

Subject to the provisions of Article 12 regarding issuance of the special permit, and subject to the conditions stated below, the Commission may grant a special permit in any district other than the Conservation District for the removal or excavation of sand, gravel, clay, peat, loam or topsoil after receipt by the applicant of any permits required by the Lyme Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Agency, or any driveway permits required by the Town of Lyme, the State of Connecticut or any other applicable governmental agency, and subject to the requirements of Article 18 and all its subparts.

§ 315-18.6 Plan requirements.

As part of the application for a special permit from the Commission, the applicant shall submit a site plan in accordance with Article 11 and below, which plan shall also meet the requirements for a special permit set forth in Article 12 and below:
A. 
Location of the premises, the name and address of the applicant, and the names and addresses of abutting landowners.
B. 
Grading plan showing existing contours in the area to be excavated and proposed contours for the area after operation. Such plans shall include the area to be excavated as well as the surrounding area within 50 feet of the excavation, or within 100 feet of abutting properties, whichever is greater, and shall be drawn at a scale not to exceed 100 feet to the inch and with contours shown at intervals of not more than two feet. No finished slopes or banks should exceed one foot of vertical rise to three feet of horizontal run.
C. 
Existing and proposed drainage of the site and details of plans for sedimentation control and for the prevention of soil erosion during and at the completion of the operation.
D. 
Proposed truck access from the excavation to government or public roads or highways and all other roadways within the site.
E. 
The location and type of any buildings or machinery to be installed.
F. 
Details of the final grading and planting of the site to prevent erosion of the site at the conclusion of the operations.
G. 
An estimate of the number and types of trucks and equipment on site, together with their maximum loading capacity, and other machinery to be used on the site.
H. 
An estimate of the amount of yards of material to be removed from the site, the rate of removal and an estimate of traffic volume, including a description of number and type of truck that will be leaving the site.
I. 
The plan shall provide for a fence or embankment for the protection and safety of vehicular and pedestrian traffic and a reasonable means of screening the excavation from the view of highway traffic and surrounding homeowners.
J. 
The hours and days of the week proposed for operations at the site, and the estimated starting and completion dates for the excavation.

§ 315-18.7 Conditions.

In addition to all special permit requirements in Article 12, the following conditions must be met for all earth removal operations:
A. 
Insurance. No permit shall be issued until the applicant has filed with the Commission a certificate evidencing that the applicant has obtained a policy of liability insurance, in which the Town of Lyme shall be named insured, with a limit of not less than $1,000,000 as to personal injury, including death, and $250,000 as to property damage, covering all operations to be conducted pursuant to the permit. In the event of cancellation of such insurance, the permit shall terminate.
B. 
If the Planning and Zoning Commission determines that the permittee has deviated from the plans in such a way as to cause a substantial material violation of the permit, the Planning and Zoning Commission shall have the right, upon notice and hearing, to revoke the permit. Upon revocation of the permit, all operations shall cease.
C. 
The applicant shall post a letter of credit or a bond with the Town Treasurer sufficient to cover the costs of any required access, drainage, or safety improvements, the cost of regrading disturbed areas, covering with topsoil and seeding, and generally to conform to the provisions of the permit issued herein. The applicant shall present an estimate of such costs prepared by a registered professional engineer, and the Commission shall determine the amount of the bond or the letter of credit. The bond or the letter of credit shall be in a form approved by the Planning and Zoning Commission and from an institution acceptable to the Planning and Zoning Commission. The bond or letter of credit shall remain in effect through the period of the permit and any subsequent renewal, plus one year. The Town may require, at reasonable times throughout the life of the permit, proof of the continued validity and enforceability, as well as amount, of said letter of credit or bond. Failure of the permittee to produce evidence that the bond or letter of credit is in effect for the amount required shall be grounds for revocation of the permit. The Commission may reduce the letter of credit or bond requirements as portions of the work are completed.
D. 
The amount of the letter of credit shall be determined based upon the particular facts of each application.
E. 
No earth material removal operation, nor any component thereof, shall take place within 500 feet of any property line of a lot situated outside the applicant's property containing a dwelling which is occupied or fit for occupancy unless the landowner shall have consented to such excavation or removal of material by instrument recorded in the office of the Town Clerk. No such operation shall take place within 200 feet of any state highway or Town road. No earth material operations shall take place within any wetlands regulated area unless a permit from the Lyme Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Agency has been obtained.
F. 
No building except a field office or temporary shelter for machinery shall be erected on the premises.
G. 
At all stages of the operation proper drainage shall be provided to prevent the collection and stagnation of water and to prevent erosion or siltation into wetlands regulated areas.
H. 
During the period of filling, removal, or excavation barricades or fences shall be erected as are deemed necessary by the Commission for the protection of the public. At no time shall an overhang be permitted.
I. 
Truck access to earth material operations shall be so arranged as to minimize danger to traffic and nuisance to surrounding properties. Safety of truck access and adequacy of sight lines, given speed limits involved, shall be certified by a traffic engineer. That portion of access road within the area of operation shall be treated to minimize dust.
J. 
Proper measures shall be taken to minimize the nuisance of noise and flying dust or rock. Such measures may include limitations upon the stockpiling of excavated materials on the site.
K. 
The quarrying of bedrock and any washing or crushing of any materials shall be prohibited in the Town of Lyme.
L. 
Screening may be conducted upon the premises provided such operations are located at least 800 feet from any property or street line.
M. 
Overburden shall be stockpiled in rows or concentrated piles and stabilized in an acceptable manner so that it does not become a source of dust beyond the applicant's property.
N. 
There shall be no excavation and/or removal between 5:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. nor on Saturdays or Sundays, except with the specific approval of the Commission. This restriction does not apply, as determined by the Town First Selectman, in a snow, flood, or other natural state of emergency.
O. 
At no time may the disturbed area of filling, removal or excavation operations exceed five acres in extent not including any access roadway.
P. 
Upon completion of the authorized work, the area of excavated or otherwise disturbed ground shall be prepared or restored as follows:
(1) 
Adequate drainways of gradual slope shall be provided to assure drainage;
(2) 
All debris and all loose boulders shall be buried or removed from the lot; said material shall be compacted to minimize settling; or other method acceptable to the Commission; and
(3) 
The top layer of any arable soil, to a depth of not less than four inches, shall be retained in the lot and spread over the entire disturbed area with any large stones removed, and the area shall then be seeded with a perennial cover crop and maintained until the ground shall be completely stabilized with a dense cover of grass or functional equivalent and there exists no danger of erosion, but this provision shall not apply to the areas of ponds nor to exposed areas of ledge existing prior to the work. The disturbed area shall be graded to a slope no steeper than one foot of vertical rise and three feet of horizontal distance, except in ledge rock.
Q. 
Periodic reports prepared and certified by a professional engineer licensed in the State of Connecticut shall be submitted showing the status and progress of the work or operation, as specified by the Commission, including but not limited to cross sections determining the volume of material removed, the cost of which shall be borne by the applicant.
R. 
The Commission or its authorized agents shall, at all times, have access to the premises for the purpose of inspection and determination of compliance with this article.

§ 315-18.8 Limitations.

The permit issued under these regulations shall not be deemed to authorize the use of the site as a transfer or storage area for earth materials obtained from off the premises. No earth materials of any kind may be hauled or brought onto a site where a permit has been granted under these regulations unless specifically authorized by the Commission. No more than 40,000 cubic yards of earth products shall be removed from the property and no more than 20,000 cubic yards shall be removed in any one year, measured from the date of commencement of removal activity.

§ 315-18.9 Waiver.

The Commission may waive all or part of the site plan requirements of these regulations as they apply herein and any other required information where, in its opinion, such information is unnecessary because of the small size of the operation, or if the health, safety, and public welfare will not be adversely affected.

§ 315-18.10 Application and fee.

Application for a permit to conduct an earth material operation shall be made to the Commission by the property owner or his authorized agent on forms available at the office of the Commission. Such application shall be accompanied by a fee payable to the Town of Lyme. All applications to conduct an earth material operation require a special permit in accordance with Article 12.

§ 315-18.11 Renewals and expirations.

Any permit issued under this article shall expire two years from the date of issuance unless renewed by the Commission. The Commission shall not renew or extend any permit unless the operator is able to show that the excavation already completed conforms to the plan of operations as approved. Any renewal application shall be filed at least 135 days before expiration of the existing permit. If a permit is allowed to expire a new application for a new permit must be made. A request for a renewal permit, complete with fee, shall be filed and acted upon in accordance with § 315-18.10 of these regulations. Any application for a renewal permit will be governed by the substantive considerations set out in Article 12 and Article 18 of these regulations. Substantive violation of the conditions of approval and of these regulations is cause for nonrenewal of a permit.