Off-street automobile storage or parking spaces shall be required in all zoning districts except in the CBD district where the use is nonresidential. Parking requirements shall be considered at the time of initial construction or when there is an increase in dwelling units, guest rooms, floor area, seating or bed capacity, or when a conversion in use occurs. The number of parking spaces provided shall be at least as great as the number specified below for the particular use(s). The parking space requirements for a use not specifically listed shall be the same as for a listed use of similar characteristics of parking demand as determined by the Zoning Administrator. When application of said provision results in a fractional space requirement, the next larger requirement shall prevail. Such off-street parking areas shall have direct access to a street or alley, and shall be provided and maintained in accordance with the following requirements:

Parking lot design shall conform to the following standards:

Within the NBD, GBD, RLI, and GI zoning districts and in other districts where over ten (10) parking spaces are required, all parking lots shall be paved.

Off-street parking facilities provided to comply with the provisions of this chapter shall not be reduced below the minimum amount required for a similar use under this chapter. The city may reduce the parking requirements for a structure if there is a reduction in floor area, capacity or a change in requirements, provided there is a finding that the change would be reasonable and consistent with the public welfare.

From the effective date of this chapter, if uses existing at the time of this chapter are expanded, enlarged or changed, the increase in parking requirements will be based on the area of the expansion as if it were a new structure. When a lot with an existing structure is cleared and a new structure is built, the new structure must comply with the parking requirements contained in this chapter.

All off-street parking spaces required hereunder shall be located on the zoning lot for which they are required or on a parking facility, the title to which and/or easement for the use of which runs with and/or is appurtenant to the title to such zoning lot and is within four hundred (400) feet of the structure or use for which the spaces are required. Such automobile parking space shall be associated with the principal use and shall not thereafter be reduced or encroached upon in any manner. Parking space arrangement shall insure that there will be no encroachment upon or over rights-of-way, sidewalks or property lines. Maneuvering space for off-street parking shall be located on the zoning lot upon which parking is provided.

Two (2) or more principal uses may utilize a common area in order to comply with off-street parking requirements, provided that the total number of individual spaces available in such common area is not less than the sum of the spaces required for the individual uses as separately computed in accordance with the provisions of this section, and provided that the owner of said lot relinquishes his development rights over the property until such time as parking space is provided elsewhere. If activities sharing combined parking are not in operation at the same time, each parking space may be counted for each activity.

When determining parking area requirements for uses other than residential, portions of the public right-of-way on streets may not be considered as permissible for maneuvering incidental to parking. Parking facilities shall provide space outside the public rights-of-way for maneuvering incidental to parking.

Required parking space may extend up to one hundred twenty (120) feet into a residential zoning district, provided that:

A.

The parking space adjoins a commercial or industrial district.

B.

Has its only access to, or fronts upon, the same street as the property in the commercial or industrial district for which it provides the required parking space.

C.

Is separated from abutting properties in the residential district by a ten-foot wide evergreen buffer strip.

For the purpose of this chapter, the following design standards shall be deemed as the minimum required and shall be followed when designing a site. Single-family houses and mobile homes on individual parcels shall be exempt from these requirements. While there are no parking requirements in the CBD District, these standards shall apply when parking areas are created.

A.

Minimum area. For the purpose of these regulations, an off-street parking space is an impervious surfaced area, not in a street or alley, permanently reserved for the temporary storage of one automobile and connected with a street or alley by an asphalt or concrete driveway which affords ingress and egress.

B.

Drainage and maintenance. Off-street parking facilities shall be properly graded for drainage to prevent damage to abutting property and/or public streets and alleys and surfaced with asphalt, concrete, bituminous, or other impervious material.

C.

Separation from walkways and street. Off-street parking spaces shall be separated from walkways, sidewalks, streets, or alleys, and required setbacks by curbing or other protective device approved by the zoning administrator.

D.

Entrances and exits. All parking facilities except those serving SF1 and GR1 dwellings shall be designed so that all movements onto a public street are in a forward motion.

E.

Spacing requirements for curb cuts. Curb cuts for service drives, entrances, exits and similar facilities shall not be located closer than fifty (50) feet to the intersection of any public street right-of-way lines. Private curb cuts shall be no greater than forty (40) feet in width and shall be placed no closer than ten (10) feet to any property or lot line. Entrance and exit driveways at other locations or at intersections not covered by the above restrictions may be denied if such a location will create an accident hazard for normal traffic.

F.

Marking. Parking spaces in lots of more than ten (10) spaces shall be marked by painted lines, curbs or other means to indicate individual spaces. Signs or markers shall be used as necessary to ensure efficient traffic operation on the lot.

G.

Adequate lighting shall be provided in off-street parking spaces which are to be used at night. Equipment for lighting parking facilities shall be arranged so that light does not interfere with traffic or adjoining residential areas.

H.

Landscaping. Where off-street parking, developed in conjunction with a permitted use or as a separate use occupying an individual lot or lots, comprises twenty (20) or more off-street parking spaces, at least ten (10) percent of the impervious service area shall be open and landscaped in such a manner as to divide and break up the expanse of paving with islands and barriers.

I.

The natural landscape shall be preserved in all possible cases. Wherever healthy plant material exists on a site, minimum planting standards may be adjusted for such plant material, if in the opinion of the zoning administrator such adjustment is in the best interest of the city, and preserves all intents of this chapter.

Except in CBD Central Business District, every lot on which a business, trade or industry is hereafter established, shall provide space as indicated herein for the loading and unloading of vehicles off the street. Such space shall have access to an alley, or if there is no alley, to a street. For the purpose of this section, an off-street loading space shall have minimum dimensions of twelve (12) feet by forty (40) feet and be clear and free of obstructions at all times. Required space shall be considered as follows:

A.

Retail uses: One (1) space for each five thousand (5,000) square feet of gross floor area.

B.

Wholesale, industrial, governmental and institutional uses, including public assembly places, hospitals, and educational institutions: One (1) space for the first twenty-five thousand (25,000) square feet of total floor space area. For anything in excess of twenty-five thousand (25,000) square feet, such uses shall provide loading spaces according to the following schedule:

C.

Multi-family residences with ten (10) or more dwelling units: One (1) space.