When any building or structure is erected, modified, and/or enlarged the requirements of this Section shall be met. For enlargements, modifications, or increase in capacity, the requirements of this Section shall apply only to such enlargements, modifications or increases in capacity. In cases of mixed occupancy, the minimum number of off-street parking and loading spaces shall be the cumulative total of individual use requirements unless otherwise specified.

All parking, stacking, and loading facilities shall be permanently paved and maintained by the owners as long as the use they serve exists, except as provided in section 12.3 herein.

(1)

Driveways connected to the street shall be setback at least five feet from a side property line.

Driveways providing vehicular access to residential lots shall be no greater than twenty-two (22) feet in width at the right-of-way.

Detached garages may not be closer to the right-of-way than the principal structure.

All parking, stacking, and loading facilities shall have paved vehicular access to a public street in accordance with Article 2 of this Ordinance. Paving in any vehicular areas, other than handicap access, may utilize pervious paving materials where load-bearing ratings for both product and installation meet GVWR of user vehicles.

Land used to provide required parking, stacking, and loading shall not be used for any other purposes, except for temporary events. Use of land designated for and providing parking, loading, and/or stacking for other purposes shall be considered a violation of this Ordinance and subject to the penalty provisions of Article 23.

If a change in use causes an increase in the required number of off-street parking, stacking, or loading spaces, such additional spaces shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of this Ordinance; except that if the change in use would require an increase of less than five percent (5%) in the required number of parking spaces or fewer than five (5) spaces, no additional off-street parking shall be required.

Accessible spaces for the physically handicapped shall be provided as required by the North Carolina Building Code.

Off-street areas used for special event parking (to accommodate occasional overflow volumes) may be used with pervious ground cover where such cover can sustain the traffic and use volumes; but if not, these areas shall be constructed of any dust-free, compacted, pervious ground cover where levels of use exceed the pervious material's capability to maintain a dust free condition. The owner of the property shall be responsible for the maintenance of such parking in a clean and dust-free condition. Grass and mulch are examples of pervious ground cover; gravel and pavement are examples of impervious surfaces.

Parking lots shall be enclosed by tree planting and/or building walls(s). Plantings shall be in accordance with the provisions of Article 11. For small lots (thirty-six spaces or less), landscaping shall be required at the perimeter; for large lots (more than thirty-six spaces), landscaping shall be at the perimeter and placed to break the lot into parking areas of no more than thirty-six spaces.

Parking lots shall be designed to allow pedestrians to safely move from their vehicles to the building. On small lots, this may be achieved by providing a sidewalk at the perimeter of the lot. On larger lots, corridors within the parking area should channel pedestrians from the car to the perimeter of the lot or to the building(s). These corridors should be delineated by a paving material which differs from that of vehicular areas and planted to provide shade and an edge. Small posts or bollards may be used to define/protect the pedestrian corridors. The minimum width of the sidewalk or pedestrian corridor shall be five (5) feet, with vehicle encroachment calculated as extending two (2) feet beyond curb or wheel stop.

To maintain pedestrian comfort and calm the speed of entering traffic, driveways to commercial parking areas shall be no wider than 28 feet in width at the right-of-way and across sidewalks in the public right-of-way. Driveways connecting to state roads shall meet the requirements of the NC Department of Transportation.

All commercial driveway and parking areas shall be paved with asphalt, concrete, pervious pavement and/or pavers, or brick pavers except for areas used for overflow, special events, and peak parking. Any non-paved surface used for overflow, special events, and peak parking that cannot be maintained with healthy, living turf grass or similar ground cover shall be paved with asphalt, concrete, pervious pavement and/or pavers, or brick pavers. Paving shall not be required for.

(1)

Overflow parking facilities for religious institutions, private clubs, lodges, or other similar nonprofit organizations.

(2)

Parking areas for tracked heavy construction equipment, skid-mounted equipment and similar equipment, provided they are constructed with an all-weather surface.

All parking areas shall be graded, properly drained, stabilized, and maintained to minimize dust and erosion.

All parking spaces and stacking lanes shall be clearly identified with paint lines, bumper guards, curbs, or similar treatment.

All parking spaces abutting the perimeter or a landscape island shall be provided with wheel guards or curbs located so that no part of the parking vehicle will extend beyond the property line or encroach into a required planting area.

Unless there is a change in use requiring a lesser number of spaces, the number of spaces shall not be reduced below the minimum requirements of this Article except as provided for in Section 12.6 (Requirements for Change in Use).

The minimum size for parking spaces shall be 9 feet by 18 feet as shown in the Pine Knoll Shores Technical Standards & Specifications Manual.

All light fixtures (freestanding, flood, or any other form of light fixture) shall be provided with full cut-off fixtures, visors, or any other suitable directional control to direct light either downward or directly on the appropriate building. Wall pack lighting is not permitted.

No light fixture shall create any glare or spillover lighting effects on any residential properties or streets or the public trust beach in a manner that could impact sea turtle nesting.

Freestanding light fixtures along all public residential street systems and all internal privately maintained street systems shall not exceed nineteen feet in total mounted height and shall consist of a decorative fixture that shields the source of light away from neighboring properties.

Lighting located within parking lots may not exceed thirty-three feet in total mounted height. Parking lot lighting shall consist of a fixture that shields the source of light away from neighboring properties and direct the illumination to the ground's surface.

Lighting installations should include timers, dimmers, and/or sensors to reduce overall energy consumption and unnecessary lighting.

Lighting levels for canopies and awnings of commercial facilities shall be adequate only to facilitate the activities taking place in such locations and shall not be used to attract attention to the businesses. Lighting fixtures mounted on canopies shall be recessed so that the light's lens cover is recessed or flush with the bottom surface (ceiling) of the canopy and/or shielded by the fixture or the edge of the canopy so that light is restrained. Canopies shall be constructed of non-light-emitting material.

Sufficient off-street parking must be provided to serve the particular needs of the building(s).The following minimum and maximum requirements for off-street parking are set forth in Table 12-1 to ensure the provision of adequate off-street parking while preventing the development of parking areas that are underused.

For any use not specifically listed in Table 12-1, the parking, stacking and loading requirements shall be those of the most similar use characteristic.

(A)

Shared parking. The Planning Administrator may approve the joint use of up to 100 percent of the required parking spaces for two or more uses located on the same parcel or adjacent parcels; provided that the developer can demonstrate that the uses will not overlap in hours of operation or in demand for the shared spaces. Any sharing of required parking spaces by uses located on different parcels shall be guaranteed by a written agreement between the owner of the parking area and the owner of any use located on a different parcel and served by the parking area. Should the use(s) change such that the new use(s) overlap in hours of operation or in demand for the shared spaces, the shared parking approval shall become void. Parking facilities meeting the requirements of this Article shall then be provided for each use. Parking agreements shall run with the property, and shall be recorded in the office of the Register of Deeds for Carteret County. A sidewalk or other pedestrian way shall connect the shared parking area to the uses for which parking is being provided.

(B)

Remote parking. If the required number of parking spaces for any use cannot be reasonably provided on the same lot on which the principal use is located, such parking space may be provided, for up to a maximum of 50% of the required parking, on any land within 750 feet walking distance of the property on which the principal use is located, provided that the standards and specifications for the district in which the remote parking space is located permit the principal use which the parking spaces serve and, provided further, that no crossing of a major thoroughfare is required to travel from the use to the remote parking spaces, unless the pedestrian may access the remote parking by crossing said thoroughfare at a signalized crosswalk. Uses that cannot provide the remaining 50% of the required parking on-site must pay a fee in-lieu or otherwise comply with the off-street parking requirements. Any remote parking spaces located on a different parcel than the use for which the remote parking spaces serve shall be guaranteed by a written agreement between the owner of the remote parking area and the owner of the use located on a different parcel and served by the remote parking area. Parking agreements shall have a provision that the agreement runs with the property, and is binding on all parties, their heirs, and assignees. The agreement shall be recorded in the office of the Register of Deeds for Carteret County.

Off-street loading spaces shall be provided to allow for delivery, loading, and similar activities to occur in a safe, designated area that will not impede the flow of traffic or block pedestrian or vehicular access.

Off-street loading spaces shall be located on the same zone lot as the use they serve except in the "MS," "MU" and "TNDO" Districts where spaces may be off-site and shared with other uses provided the cumulative number of spaces required for combined uses meets the requirements of Section 12.14-4 herein.

The minimum size for off-street loading space(s) shall be 250 square feet with a minimum width of ten (10) feet.

All off-street loading spaces shall be arranged and marked to provide for orderly and safe unloading and loading, and shall not hinder the free movement of vehicles and pedestrians. All loading and unloading maneuvers shall take place off of public streets.

(A)

Retail operations, including restaurant and dining facilities within hotels and office buildings:

(B)

Office buildings and hotels: