Sparks City Zoning Code

CHAPTER 20

08 - DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS

Section 20.08.001 - Rules of interpretation.

Unless context requires otherwise, the words and terms defined in this chapter have the meaning ascribed to them in this chapter.

All words and terms used in this Title which are defined in the Planning Act (NRS Chapter 278) are used in this Title as so defined.

Any words or terms used in this title which are pertinent to structures and which are not defined in this title or in the planning act have the meaning ascribed to them in SMC Chapters 15.04 and 15.08, if they are defined in those chapters.

The term "building," "structure," "area," "lot" or "parcel" includes all or part of the building, structure, area, lot, or parcel unless otherwise indicated.

The phrase "up to" means a maximum of. For example, a subdivision that is allowed "up to five lots per acre" may not include more than five lots per acre.

See SMC Chapter 1 for additional rules of interpretation.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.002 - Definitions.

The words, terms and phrases used in this title are below.

Accent material	Material that is secondary to the primary building material in terms of its quantity, or that contrasts with the primary building material. Accent materials generally cover 25 percent or less of the wall elevation.
Accessory building	A detached building or structure which is subordinate to, and the use of which is incidental to that of the Principal Building, structure or use of the same parcel or lot of land.
Accessory commercial use (for multiple family residential zoning districts)	A retail sales facility designed to serve as an accessory use to a multiple residential complex, serve the residents of the complex and the surrounding area and not draw from outside of the immediate area surrounding the complex.
Accessory dwelling unit	An ADU is a dwelling unit that is accessory to a principal single-family dwelling unit on the same lot. This includes a building or part of a building that provides complete independent living facilities for one or more people, including a kitchen, living room, bathroom, and bedroom, and that is (1) attached to the principal dwelling, or (2) located in a detached building on the same lot.
Accessory retail, office, or recreational use	A retail, office, or recreational use that is subordinate to and incidental to the primary use, that primarily serves the employees of the primary use, and occupies no more than 20 percent of the square footage of the primary use in the I District and no more than 10 percent of the square footage of the primary use in every other zone district. (Ord. 2417, Add, 11/10/2008)
Accessory structure	A structure that is subordinate in scale and function to the main structure or principal use. Examples include porches, sheds, garages, play houses (excluding tree houses and play equipment), mail boxes, bird houses, and greenhouses. An accessory structure may be attached to or detached from the main structure, and either fixed in place or temporary.
Accessory use	A use that (1) is necessarily and customarily associated with the principal use, (2) is appropriate and incidental to the principal use, (3) is subordinate to the principal use in area, extent or purpose, and (4) contributes to the comfort, convenience or necessity of occupants, business or industry in the principal building or principal use served.
Adjacent	Abuts, is contiguous to or shares a common boundary. Includes a lot or parcel of land that shares all or part of a common lot line with another lot or parcel of land.
Administrative review	A review which is required as a prerequisite to the issuance of building permits, whenever a conditional use permit is not required, for commercial and industrial building additions, for new multiple-family residential, new commercial or industrial construction, the enlargement of a nonconforming use (20.06.003), and for outdoor storage (20.03.044).
Administrator	The official charged with the duty and authority to administer this Title and any person to whom he has delegated applicable powers and duties.
Adult book store	An establishment having, as a substantial or significant portion of its stock in trade, videos, books, magazines and other periodicals which are distinguished or characterized by their emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" or an establishment with a segment or section devoted to the sale or display of that material.
Adult business	Includes any adult book store, adult drive-in theater, adult hotel or motel, adult mini motion picture theater, adult motion picture arcade, adult motion picture theater, adult motion picture arcade, or cabaret. (See Chapter 20.08 for definitions). 1. An "adult business" includes any other business or establishment which offers its patrons services or entertainment characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas.
Adult day care	A licensed establishment operated and maintained to provide care or supervision during the day, such as social activities, minor health care assessments, meals, and recreation, for five or more persons 18 years of age or older. The facility may not be used as a residence. The definition does not include halfway houses for recovering alcohol and drug abusers.
Adult drive-in theater	A drive-in theater used to present materials distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" for observation by patrons in the theater.
Adult hotel or motel	A hotel or motel which rents for less than ten hours, where material is presented which is distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas."
Adult mini motion picture theater	An enclosed building with a capacity for less than 50 persons used to present material distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" for observation by patrons in the building.
Adult motion picture arcade	Any place to which the public is permitted or invited where coin or slug-operated or electronically, electrically or mechanically controlled still or motion picture machines, projectors or other image-producing devices are maintained to show images to five or fewer persons per machine at any one time, and where the images displayed are distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on depicting or describing "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas."
Adult motion picture theater	An enclosed building with a capacity of 50 or more persons used to present material distinguished or characterized by their emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" for observation by patrons in the building.
Advertising sign	Any advertisement making a material or service known and located at the place of sale.
Affiliate	An entity which owns or controls, is owned or controlled by, or is under common ownership with a franchisee or current or former owner of a communication tower, antenna or backhaul network.
Alley	A public thoroughfare or way that provides a secondary means of access to a lot or parcel, running perpendicular to street and to the rear or side of the lot or parcel.
Alteration	Any exterior change or modification through public or private action of any historical property or resource on the local register or located within a historical district. The term "alteration" shall include any change or modification that affects the exterior visual qualities of the property or resource, and the removal of historical resources from the property or district as well as disturbances to archaeological sites. Alteration does not include routine maintenance or the attachment of temporary fixtures.
Alternative tower	Existing buildings, man-made trees, clock towers, steeples, light poles and similar alternative-design mounting structures that camouflage or conceal the presence of antennas or towers.
Animal service	A building or area where animals are boarded, groomed, bred, or trained, or given medical care or recreational activities. This includes any kennel, animal hospital, animal grooming, veterinarian, animal spa, or animal shelter that provides temporary housing of stray, abandoned, abused, neglected or unwanted domestic animals.
Animal services, indoor	An animal service (including a veterinary services) that occurs entirely within an enclosed building, and where animals are not boarded overnight.
Animal services, overnight (whether indoor or outdoor)	Any animal service (including veterinary service or kennel) that has overnight boarding or outdoor confinement or exercise areas.
Antenna	Any exterior transmitting or receiving device mounted on a tower, building or structure and used in communications that radiate or capture electromagnetic waves, digital signals, analog signals, radio frequencies (excluding radar signals), wireless telecommunications signals or other communication signals.
Apartment house	See "multi-family dwelling."
Application	Any application for approval of a development or use filed under Chapter 20.05 of this Title.
Archaeological site	An area where remains of man or his activities prior to keeping of history are still evident.
Assisted living	A residence that primarily serves the elderly and provides rooms, meals and may provide personal care and supervision of self-administered medication. These establishments do not have on-site nursing care facilities. They may provide other services, such as recreational activities, financial services and transportation.
Auction house	An enclosed establishment for the temporary storage and offering by an auctioneer of qualified property which is offered or sold to the highest bidder by means of a request or invitation for bids. For purposes of this description, the term "qualified property" means property of any kind belonging to another, but excluding animals, motor vehicles and business inventory to be liquidated following or in connection with the closing of a business. This use does not include a secondhand dealer.
Auto and truck repair (heavy)	An establishment as defined in "auto and truck repair (light)," and that may also provide major mechanical and body work, straightening of body parts, body repairs, battery rebuilding, painting, welding, short term (less than 72 hours) storage of automobiles not in operating condition, outdoor work on vehicles, or other work involving noise, glare, fumes, smoke, or other characteristics to an extent greater than normally found in auto service stations.
Auto and truck repair (light)	An area used for general maintenance activities including but not limited to replacement of filters, fluids, light bulbs, belts, fuses, and tire; emissions testing; and similar activities. Includes smog shops, or stations authorized to perform emissions tests and complete emissions-related repairs as long as the station has a 2G license from the State of Nevada. Other stations with a 1G license from the State of Nevada, may perform tests but are prohibited from performing emissions-related repairs. Includes emissions testing services that test the emissions of automobiles or other vehicles to determine compliance with state or federal emissions requirements.
Auto and truck repair use	Includes auto and truck repair (heavy) and auto and truck repair (light), as defined above.
Auto detail	Cleaning of passenger vehicles that is predominantly done by hand. The activities are primarily conducted inside a tenant space and not associated with an automated car wash.
Automated teller machine, stand-alone	An automated teller machine that is at a location separate from the controlling financial institution.
Automobile parking area	A fully accessible space for the parking of an automobile.
Backhaul network	The lines that connect a provider's towers/cell sites to one or more cellular telephone switching offices, and/or long distance providers, or the public switched telephone network.
Bail bond services	An office that engages in the sale or issuance of bail bonds or other financial transfers for the purpose of securing the release from jail of an accused defendant pending trial.
Banks	See "Financial Institutions."
Bar/lounge	An establishment or part of an establishment used primarily for the sale of alcoholic beverages where the beverages are consumed on the premises, or the consumption of tobacco or similar products. This includes taverns, brewpubs, microbreweries, hookah lounges, or distilleries where food and drink are served on the premises.
Bed and breakfast	An owner-occupied house, or part of a house, where no more than four rooms (for a total of eight guests) are provided for short-term (one night to two weeks) lodging, and where breakfast-only meals are provided for compensation.
Bike share kiosk	A station or area where bicycles are stored for rental to the general public, typically as part of a bike sharing program. A bike share kiosk may be enclosed, partially enclosed or unenclosed. This does not include a retail shop where bicycles are repaired or sold.
Billboard	An outdoor advertisement making material or service known, where the advertisement is remote from point of sale of the material or service.
Boarding/rooming house	A building or part of a building where, for compensation, meals and/or lodging are provided for more than three guests. Examples include fraternities, sororities, or dorms. This use type does not include a hotel, motel, or multi-family building. A multifamily building includes separate dwelling units occupied by a single household, while a boarding house includes separate households sharing kitchen facilities.
Boat	A vehicle for traveling in or on water.
Bodily fluid collection services	A clinic and/or laboratory intended for the collection, testing and/or distribution of human specimens (e.g. blood plasma, breast milk, and sperm).
Buffer zone	A strip of land established to separate and protect one type of land use from another to screen other properties from objectionable noise, smoke, or visual impact or to provide for future public improvements or additional open space.
Building and landscaping materials supplier	A business that sells building materials or landscaping where the majority of sales are wholesale transactions to other firms, not retail sales.
Building frontage	The length of the face or wall of a completely enclosed and permanent building on a site which fronts directly on a public or private street or right-of-way.
Building ground floor area	The area of the ground floor enclosed within the walls of all buildings on the site.
Building maintenance services	An establishment providing carpet cleaning, carpentry, roofing, exterminator, glazing, janitorial services, electrical repair, plumbing, heating and air conditioning, upholstery, painting and paper hanging, sign painting, or packing and crating.
Building mass	The three-dimensional bulk of a building height, width, and depth.
Building material sales and services	Retailing, wholesaling or rental of building supplies or construction equipment. Examples include lumberyards, home improvement sales and services, tool and equipment sales or rental establishments.
Building Scale	The size and proportion of a building relative to surrounding buildings and environs, adjacent streets, and pedestrians.
Bus rapid transit (BRT)	A system that allows bus vehicles to operate on a right-of-way that is largely separated from other types of traffic.
Bus rapid transit (BRT) route	The BRT ROUTE for the corridor shall be as identified in the Multi-Modal Framework Plan chapter of the adopted TOD Corridor Master Plan.
Business	An operation conducted by an individual, partnership or corporation which functions as a single enterprise or activity or is owned or operated by a single individual, partnership or corporation.
Cabana	Any portable, demountable, or permanent cabin, room, enclosure or other building erected, constructed or placed on any mobile home lot, mobile home space or recreational vehicle space within six feet of any principal building.
Cabaret	For purposes of this Section only, a nightclub, theater or other establishment which features as its primary entertainment live performances by topless and/or bottomless dancers, "go-go" dancers, exotic dancers, strippers, or similar entertainers.
Call center	An establishment primarily engaged in answering telephone calls and relaying messages to clients or in initiating or receiving communications for telemarketing purpose, such as promoting clients' products or services, taking orders for clients, or soliciting contributions or providing information for clients. These centers may operate with extended hours and typically have a higher density of employees per square foot than traditional office uses.
Camping trailer	A folding structure usually made of canvas, mounted on wheels and designed for travel, recreation and vacation use.
Car wash	Vehicle cleaning, washing, and testing. It does not include the additional activities permitted in "auto repair shop."
Carport	An accessory building having one or more open sides, used by occupants of a dwelling unit to park automobiles.
Catastrophic event	An event that is beyond the property owner's ability to control, and renders historical resources hazardous or destroyed beyond repair. The term "catastrophic event" shall not include the results of improper or insufficient owner maintenance or corrections that can be accomplished through reasonable measures.
Cemetery	A burial ground for the interment of the human dead. This includes any burial ground or mausoleum.
Central accessory building	A structure housing toilet, lavatory and such other facilities as required or permitted by ordinance.
Certificate of appropriateness	A certificate issued by the Sparks Historic Resources Commission approving alteration, restoration, construction, removal, or relocation, in whole or in part, of or to a property on the local register as a historic site or to an improvement within a historical district as established by this chapter.
Child care facility	A "child care facility" as defined by NRS Chapter 432A.
Child care, in-home	A child care facility located in a dwelling unit that includes no more than the number of children two care givers may care for in accordance with the Washoe County Department of Social Services, Regulations for Child Care Facilities 24.4 [staff-to-child ratio].
Church or worship center	A place of religious worship and instruction. Accessory uses requiring independent approval include (1) an associated private school, and (2) a child care in the main building or the same lot as the church or worship center that accepts customers not attending the church, recreational facilities, dormitories or other facilities for temporary or permanent residences. Child care facilities located in the main building that are used only during worship services, for persons attending the service, are considered accessory to the church and do not require independent approval. For purposes of this section, "religious worship" includes any "religious exercise" as defined by the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA), 42 U.S.C. § 2000cc-5.
Clearing	The removal of vegetation, topsoil or other surface materials from a site.
Co-generation facility	A facility that produces heat or electricity using waste energy from a primary industrial use.
College	A post-secondary educational institution authorized to award associate, baccalaureate, or higher degrees, or a seminary.
Collocation	The sharing of structures by two or more wireless service providers.
Common open space	Open space within a single unified development which is owned, designed, and set aside for all occupants of the development or by occupants of designated portions of the development. Common open space is not dedicated for public use and is owned and maintained by a private organization made up of the residents and owners of the development. Common open space may include lakes and wetlands but does not include that area which is set aside and dedicated as a public park site.
Community care facilities for the elderly	Establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of residential and personal care services for (1) the elderly who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly who do not desire to live independently. The care typically includes room, board, supervision, and assistance in daily living, such as housekeeping services. In some instances, these establishments provide skilled nursing care for residents in separate on-site facilities.
Congregate housing	Establishments that serve meals and other services in low-income and federally subsidized housing or nonsubsidized housing facilities. Services include housekeeping, laundry, transportation, recreational programs, and other convenience services.
Conditional Use Permit	A permit required as a prerequisite to the establishment of certain uses in certain zoning districts. Uses requiring a conditional use permit are specified in the Use Table (20.02.013)
Construction	Any grading, installation of improvements, erection or placement of structures, or assembly of equipment or materials to be used in any of those activities.
Continuing care retirement communities	These establishments are primarily engaged in providing a range of residential and personal care services with on-site nursing care facilities for (1) the elderly and other persons who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly and other persons who do not desire to live independently. Individuals live in a variety of residential settings with meals, housekeeping, social, leisure, and other services available to assist residents in daily living. Assisted living facilities with on-site nursing care facilities are included in this industry.
Contractor shop	The offices and/or storage facilities for a specialized trade related to construction.
Convenience store	Establishments that retail a limited line of goods that generally includes milk, bread, soda, and snacks. Fuel sales are allowed as an accessory use. Automotive repair is also allowed if it is listed as a permitted use in the applicable zoning district.
Construction yard	An area temporarily used to store construction materials, supplies, equipment, tools, stock piling and recycling of useable construction materials and other permitted items, including temporary storage containers, construction trailers, and temporary office trailers.
Copy center	Includes blueprinting, printing, photostatting, copying, packaging, labelling, and similar services.
Correctional institutions	A facility where persons are detained pending adjudication or confined under sentences of two years or less provided that the facility is operated by a law enforcement agency or under contract with the state, City, Washoe County or a federal agency. Examples include community correctional facilities, correctional facilities or juvenile detention facilities.
Courier and messenger services	Establishments primarily engaged in providing air, surface, or combined mode courier services, express delivery services of parcels, or local messenger and delivery services of small items, with local pick-up and delivery. Examples include air courier services, express delivery services; local delivery services for letters, documents, or small parcels; grocery delivery services (i.e., independent service from grocery store), or restaurant meals delivery services.
Craft distillery	An establishment which: (a) manufactures distilled spirits from agricultural raw materials through distillation; and (b) is authorized to sell those distilled spirits pursuant to the provisions of NRS Chapter 597. (Source: NRS 597.200)
Crematorium	The building or portion of a building that houses the chamber for cremation (as defined in NRS 642.011) and the holding facility. The crematorium is subject the locational requirements of NRS 451.635.
Cultural institution	An institution engaged primarily in the performing arts or in the display or preservation of objects of interest in the arts or sciences that are open to the public on a regular basis. Examples include performing arts centers for theater, dance and events, museums, historical sites, art galleries, libraries, zoos, aquariums and observatories.
Cutting	Shaping of the land surface through the excavation of soil, rock or other materials.
Data center	A facility used primarily to store, manage, process, and transmit digital data, which houses computer and/or network equipment, systems, servers, appliances and other associated components related to digital data operations. The facility may also include air handlers, power generators, water cooling and storage facilities, utility substations, and other associated utility infrastructure to support sustained operations at a data center.
Data processing, hosting, and related services (including data centers)	Establishments that provide infrastructure for hosting or data processing services. These establishments may provide specialized hosting activities, such as web hosting, streaming services or application hosting; provide application service provisioning; or may provide general timeshare mainframe facilities to clients. Data processing establishments provide complete processing and specialized reports from data supplied by clients or provide automated data processing and data entry services.
Demolition	Any intentional act that destroys, in whole or in part, a historical resource on the local register or contained within a historical district as established by this chapter.
Department	The Community Development Department of the City.
Design regulations	A detailed design text which includes, but is not limited to, the following components:
	• Project description, legal description, and preliminary title report.
	• Project goals and policies, specifically related to NRS 278A.020.
	• Master plan, physical concept, and layout.
	• architecture manual - text and graphic displays which include, but not limited to, the following: architectural standards, landscape programs including streetscapes and entry statements, and building locations and orientations
	• Protective covenants, conditions, and restrictions in draft form.
	• A soils/geotechnical investigation report prepared by a qualified Nevada registered engineer or qualified Nevada engineering geologist including conclusions and recommendations regarding rippability, slope grading and stabilizing, foundation design and seismic and other geological hazards, as necessary for the property, subject to approval of scope by the Administrator. (In appendix)
	• Circulation and access diagrams.
	• Grading and erosion control provisions.
	• storm drainage master plan. (in appendix)
	• Provisions for water supply.
	• Sewer report (In appendix).
	• Traffic impacts.
	• Fire prevention.
	• Access to adjacent public lands.
	• Cultural resource/archeological review. (in appendix)
Development	Any construction or any division of land.
Development project	The use of land, buildings and structures on any property in the City subject to this Title, except single-family dwellings and two-family dwellings. and includes new developments, Planned Developments, and the expansion of existing developments.
Dimensional standards	The zoning district regulations that govern lot, setback, coverage, density and height.
Distribution center	A facility that stores merchandise for distribution to businesses or customers, but that does not fulfill orders directly from customers at that location.
Domestic household pet	Any animal generally domesticated by humans, including: dogs of the species Canis Familiarizes; cats of the species Felis Catus;; gerbils, hamsters, guinea pigs, mice, rats, squirrels, chipmunks or similar rodent-like mammals, but not to include ferrets or animals which are considered a high risk species, as defined in this section; domestic rabbits, but not those being used for commercial purposes or for food production; Vietnamese potbellied pigs (Sus Scrofa Vittatus) that are spayed or neutered upon reaching maturity; domesticated fowl or birds; non-venomous reptiles, which, at maturity, are less than 3½ feet in length or weigh less than five lbs. and are kept in a confined space; or any fish kept in an aquarium or proper facility.
Drive-through business	A business which provides a window or other area where customers of the business may obtain goods or services while remaining in a vehicle.
Dwelling or dwelling unit	Any building used exclusively for residential purposes. This does not include hotels, clubs, boarding or rooming houses, fraternity or sorority houses, institutions or mobile homes.
Dwelling, single-family detached	A building containing one kitchen designed or used or designed and used to house not more than one family, including necessary employees of the family. This category includes only those dwelling units that comply with the City's building code, whether built on site or in a factory (commonly referred to as "modular homes"), and factory-built housing as defined in NRS 278.0209.
Dwelling, two-family (duplex)	A building containing up to two kitchens designed and/or used to house two families, living independently of each other.
Electric theft deterrent device	Fences and appurtenant devices, including, but not limited to, fences and devices used for theft deterrence consisting of single strands of wire supported by posts or other fixtures, which have an electrical charge or are connected to a source of electrical current and which are so designed or placed that a person coming into contact with the conductive element of the fence receives an electrical shock.
Elevation	The external faces of a building, or a mechanically accurate, "head-on" drawing of any external vertical plane or façade of a building or object, without any allowance for the effect of the laws of perspective.
Email	An electronic message or an executable program or computer file that contains an image of a message that is transmitted between two or more computers or electronic terminals, including electronic messages that are transmitted within or between computer networks.
Entertainment facility/theater	An establishment where the primary source of revenue is derived from live or recorded performances shown or played for the amusement of an audience. Examples include theaters, music clubs and dance halls.
Erosion	The process where soil particles are detached and transported by water, wind, ice or gravity.
Event center/banquet hall	An establishment rented by individuals or groups to accommodate private functions (such as banquets, weddings, graduation parties, anniversaries, business or retirement luncheons, trade shows, and similar events). The may include: 1) kitchen facilities for the preparation or catering of food; 2) the sale of alcoholic beverages for on-premises consumption, only during scheduled events and not open to the general public; and 3) outdoor gardens or reception facilities.
Evergreen	Any plant with foliage that persists and remains year-round.
Excavating	Mechanical displacement of earth material.
Exhibition, convention, or conference facility	A facility used for assemblies or meetings of the members or representatives of a group, such as convention centers and banquet halls. This does not include clubs, lodges or other meeting facilities of private or non-profit groups that are primarily used by group members.
Exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS)	AN exterior cladding system composed of an adhesively or mechanically fastened foam insulation board, reinforcing mesh, a base coat, and an outer finish coat. EIFS is available in various colors and external textures designed to look like traditional stucco. Also known as "synthetic stucco."
FAA	The Federal Aviation Administration.
Façade	Any side of a building that faces a street, parking lot, or other open space. The "front façade" is the front of a building.
Family	Includes: One person living alone, at least two persons related by blood, marriage or legal adoption, a group of up to 4 persons living as a single housekeeping unit, or a family foster home, independent living foster home (with up to four unrelated children between 16 and 18 years of age), or specialized foster home as defined in NRS Chapter 424; or up to ten unrelated persons with a disability, as defined in 42 U.S.C. § 3602, along with related or unrelated house parents or guardians of those persons and any additional persons who are related to the house parents or guardians within the third degree of consanguinity or affinity. A family includes necessary employees of the family, such as household servants.
Farm or ranch	An area used to raise or grow, till, move or extract soils on-site and market on a wholesale or commercial scale poultry, rabbits, livestock, tree and bush crops, vegetable gardens, nursery stock and field crops.
Farmers' market	An outdoor retail event, certified by the Nevada Farmers' Association or a similar organization.
FCC	Federal Communications Commission.
Fence or wall	A freestanding structure intended to provide privacy, protection or confinement or to redirect a person's direction of travel.
Filling	Mechanical displacement of earth material.
Final development plan	A plan which executes the specific development scheme established in the preliminary development plan and design regulations. The final development plan must show the location of all structures and lots in sufficient detail to permit recordation and preparation of construction drawings. The final development plan shall also include:
	• A development plan compliant with tentative approval
	• Any tentative or final subdivision plat required for land division and dedications.
	• Design regulations compliant with tentative approval.
	• Final project governance documents.
Fixture	A decorative or functional device that is permanently affixed to a site or the exterior of a structure which contributes to the site or structures ability to meet historical designation criteria. The term "permanently affixed" shall include, but not be limited to, attachment by screws, bolts, pegs, nails or glue, and may include such attachment methods as rope, glass or leather, if such material is integral to the design of the device.
Fleet services	See "Ground Passenger Transportation."
Food preparation	A business that prepares food and beverages for off-site consumption, including delivery services. Examples include catering kitchens, bakeries with on-site retail sales and the small-scale production of specialty foods, such as sweets.
Franchisee	The person, firm or corporation to whom or which a franchise has been granted by the Sparks City Council or the lawful successor, transferee or assignee of said person, firm or corporation. This definition also includes any person, firm or corporation who purchases, leases or otherwise subsequently acquires an existing antenna, tower or interest in such.
Fraternal club/lodge/community service facility	A building and related facilities owned or operated by a corporation, association or group of individuals established for the fraternal, social, education, recreational or cultural enrichment of its members and not primarily for profit and whose members pay dues and meet certain prescribed qualifications for membership. Includes any "fraternal club" as defined by Municipal Code Section 5.28.010 ("An establishment which: (1) keeps, conducts and maintains an establishment solely for bona fide fraternal, social, recreational, benevolent or athletic purposes, and not for pecuniary gain; (2) does not traffic in alcoholic beverages for profit; (3) dispenses alcoholic beverages to its members or bona fide guests only; and (4) does not maintain or possess a public bar or place for the sale of alcoholic beverages to the public.")
Freight facilities	Distribution facilities upon which storage and warehousing of cargo is incidental to the primary function of freight shipment, and not to include any display of goods for either retail sale or wholesale. Includes both railway and truck freight transfers.
Freight terminal or brokerage	See "freight facilities."
Front property line	The narrowest property dimension adjoining on a public or private street, subject to a determination by the Administrator. In the case of corner lots, it is the property line that adjoins the street where the property is addressed. The property's frontage refers to the property's width at the front property line.
Front yard parking area	An area that includes the driveway, and the area between the driveway and the nearest side lot line, but does not include the area typically used for landscaping between the driveway and the farthest side lot line. If the residence has no driveway, the term "front yard" does not include the entire area between the residence and the street providing the principal access.
Frontage	The property line, or lines, that front a public or private street or right of way.
Fuel distribution facility	See "fuel distribution or recycling."
Fuel distribution or recycling	A facility dedicated to: (1) wholesale or commercial fuel storage and distribution, including petroleum, biodiesel, propane, butane, natural gas, or other similar fuels, to vehicles, machinery, or heavy equipment, or (2) the collection, storage, and processing of waste oil product for conversion into useable fuel products such as biodiesel, and may include storage and sales of resulting useable fuels. This does not include auto service stations.
Fuel recycling facility	See "fuel distribution or recycling."
Fulfillment center	A business whose services include the fulfillment of orders placed directly by a customer, whether those orders are place by means of mail, fax, email, telephone, or an internet transaction, and that includes warehouse or storage facilities from which the goods are shipped. A business that fulfills order completely within an office, but that does not maintain a warehouse or storage facilities, is classified as an "office."
Funeral and interment services	A "funeral establishment" as defined in NRS 642.016. Examples include funeral parlors, mortuaries or columbaria. (Note: cemeteries are classified under Public/Civic/Institutional - Assembly, below).
Gaming establishment (non-restricted)	A resort hotel as defined in NRS 463.01865 and consisting of 16 or more slot machines or operation of any number of slot machines together with any game, gaming device, race book or sports pool at one establishment. A "nonrestricted gaming operation" in existence in Sparks as of January 23, 2006 need not meet the resort hotel requirement of this section.
Garage	An accessory building or portion of a Principal Building primarily used to store motor vehicles.
Gas station	An area used exclusively for retail sales of fuels or oils. This use may have storage tanks and pumps, minor vehicle service and repair facilities conducted inside the building, or an accessory car wash. It does not include body repairs or battery rebuilding. [compare "auto and truck repair"]
Geothermal gradient	The rate at which the Earth's temperature increases with depth, indicating outward heat flows from a hot interior.
Geothermal power	Power extracted from the heat stored in the earth used to generate electrical energy or used directly as a heating source.
Geothermal resources	Any groundwater, steam or other method of the earth's subsurface heat which is used for its thermal characteristics.
Gradient	The vertical rise of a slope over a horizontal distance, expressed as a percentage (rise over run).
Grading	Any clearing, excavating, cutting, filling or other earth moving operation.
Grocer/Food market	An establishment for retail sales of food and beverages for off-site preparation and consumption. Examples include supermarkets or specialty food stores. This category also includes large-scale stores that sell food items and beverages in bulk.
Gross revenues	Subject to federal, state, local law and any amendments, any and all receipts and revenues received directly or indirectly from all sources associated with the installation and operation of the antennas, towers and backhaul networks which are the subject of this chapter. This term does not include any taxes imposed upon business or residential customers or services utilized by any governmental unit, agency or instrumentality and collected by the owner, of the antenna, tower or backhaul network. This term does not include net uncollectible debts.
Ground passenger transportation (e.g. taxi, charter bus)	Establishments that provide passenger transportation by bus, charter bus, automobile, limousine, van, or shuttle. Some services (such as taxi) are not operated over regular routes and on regular schedules. Examples include charter bus, special needs transportation, taxicab owner/operators, taxicab fleet operators, or taxicab organizations. This does not apply to publicly operated bus or mass transit systems. Includes fleet services that store, maintain, repair, fuel, and service two or more vehicles owned by a single commercial or public entity.
Group home	A residential facility for groups of adults licensed by the State of Nevada under authority of NRS Chapter 449 (other than assisted living facilities). This includes any "group foster home" as defined by NRS 424.015 (note: a family foster home, independent living foster home, and specialized foster home are addressed under the definition of "family.")
HRC	The Historic Resources Commission consisting of five members appointed by the Mayor and confirmed by a majority vote of the City Council.
Hazardous waste transfer	A facility where hazardous or infectious waste is received and processed for transportation to another place for recycling, re-use, incineration or final disposal.
Health/fitness club	An establishment that offers exercise or weight control programs whether or not the business provides any other service. Examples include gymnasiums, martial arts schools, gymnastics schools, weight control establishments, health clubs, health spas, swimming pools, handball facilities, racquetball or tennis club facilities, tanning facilities, fitness facilities, and yoga or workout studios.
Hedge	A dense row of shrubs or low trees that form a barrier or boundary.
Height	Vertical distance from grade plane to the average height of the highest roof surface, as determined by the City's adopted building code. "Grade Plane" is a reference plane representing the average of finished ground level adjoining the building at exterior walls. Where the finished ground level slopes away from the exterior walls, the reference plane shall be established by the lowest points within the area between the building and the lot line or, where the lot line is more than 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building, between the building and a point 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building. When referring to a tower or other structure, the distance measured from the finished grade of the parcel to the highest point on the tower or other structure, including the base pad and any antenna.
Heliport/miscellaneous air transportation	Facilities intended solely for takeoff and landing of helicopters, or for miscellaneous transportation vehicles for scenic purposes such as balloons.
High risk species	Species such as the striped skunk, spotted skunk, raccoon, fox, bat, coyote, bobcat, badger, weasel and other high-risk transmitters of rabies.
Historic resources	Includes, but is not limited to, any object, building, structure, site, area, place, sign, landscape feature, record or manuscript which is listed on, or is eligible for listing on the National, State and/or Sparks Register of Historic Places.
Historic district	A geographically defined area, possessing a significant concentration, linkage, or continuity of sites, buildings, structures, or objects united by past events or aesthetically by plan of physical development that has been so designated in accordance with this chapter. A district may be comprised of individual elements separated geographically but linked by association or history.
Historic site	Any parcel or portion of real property that has a significant historical, cultural, or archaeological feature.
Homes for the elderly	This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing residential and personal care services (i.e., without on-site nursing care facilities) for (1) the elderly or other persons who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly or other persons who do not desire to live independently. The care typically includes room, board, supervision, and assistance in daily living, such as housekeeping services. These establishments may include assisted living facilities without on-site nursing care facilities, homes for the aged without nursing care, homes for the elderly without nursing care, old-age homes without nursing care, old soldiers' homes without nursing care, rest homes without nursing care, retirement homes without nursing care, and senior citizens' homes without nursing care.
House or home	See "Dwelling."
Hilltop or ridge	The peak or highest point of a topographic feature from which all water drains down.
Historic resources	Includes, but is not limited to, any object, building, structure, site, area, place, sign, landscape feature, record or manuscript which is listed on, or is eligible for listing on the Sparks Register of Historic Places.
Hospice	A facility to care for the terminally ill.
Hospital	A building designed and used for medical and surgical diagnosis, treatment and housing of persons under the care of doctors and nurses and supporting services such as gift shops, pharmacies, restaurants and laundromats. Rest homes, nursing homes, convalescent homes and clinics are not included.
Hydroseeding	The application of seed within a suspended liquid medium that is sprayed onto a prepared surface.
Impervious surface	A man-made structure or surface which prevents the infiltration of storm water into the ground below the structure or surface. Roads, buildings, tennis courts, roofs, driveways, patios, pools, decks, parking lots, and similar water shedding surfaces.
Improvement	Any place, building, structure, landscape feature or object, whether permanent or not, which constitutes a physical addition to real property.
Infill	Development on a vacant or substantially vacant tract of land surrounded by existing development.
Infill project	A development, redevelopment, or an expansion of more than 20 percent of the building area, on a parcel that is located in a previously developed area of the city where at least 80 percent of the land within a 300 foot radius has been developed, and where water, sewer, streets, schools, and fire protection have already been developed and provided.
Kitchen	A room used to cook or prepare food.
Landowner	The legal or beneficial owner or owners of all the land proposed to be included in a planned unit development. The holder of an option or contract of purchase, a lessee having a remaining term of not less than 30 years, or another person having an enforceable proprietary interest in the land is a landowner for the purposes of this chapter.
Landscaping or landscaped	A combination of turf grasses, trees, shrubs, hedges, vines, ground covers, and other living plant materials; inert materials such as decorative rock, bark, and wood chips; concrete curbing (or railroad ties or landscape timbers), permeable walkways, decks, patios, and similar amenities.
Large format retail	A retail building that exceeds 50,000 square feet in gross floor area.
Life care or continuing care services	An institution, residence or facility licensed by the State of Nevada that provides accommodation and personal assistance to more than three residents who are dependent on the services of others by reason of age and physical or mental impairment, and that is licensed to provide skilled nursing care. This category includes nursing homes, facilities for hospice care (as defined in NRS 449.0033), or assisted living facilities (as defined in NRS 422.2708). This use does not include: (a) An establishment which provides care only during the day; (b) A natural person who provides care for no more than two persons in his or her own home; (c) A natural person who provides care for one or more persons related to him or her within the third degree of consanguinity or affinity; (d) A halfway house for recovering alcohol and drug abusers; or (e) A facility funded by a division or program of the Department of Health and Human Services. (Reference: NRS 449.017) Note: a group home for persons with intellectual disabilities, up to a limited number of persons, is considered a single-family home under the "Residential" category above.
Liquor store	An establishment holding an on-premises or package alcoholic beverage license pursuant to Chapter 5.28 of the Municipal Code.
Live/work dwelling	A dwelling unit used for both dwelling purposes and a nonresidential use, where: (1) the building includes only one dwelling unit, and (2) the nonresidential space exceeds the area allowed for home occupations (see Chapter 20.03) and occupies no more than 1,500 square feet, and (3) the structure is designed or structurally modified to accommodate joint and integrated residential occupancy and work activities, including complete kitchen and sanitary facilities and working space reserved for and regularly used by one or more occupants of the unit.
Livestock	Any animal generally used for production, commercial or recreational purposes, including: all horses, mules, burros, asses, or animals of the equine species;; all cattle or animals of the bovine species; all swine or animals of the porcine species, except Vietnamese potbellied pigs; all goats or animals of the caprine species; all poultry and large fowl or birds (except as provided in Chapter 20.03; all sheep or animals of the ovine species; all llamas and animals of the lama species.
Living unit	A building or portion thereof containing one kitchen designed or used to house not more than one family, including necessary employees in the family.
Loading space	An off-street space or berth on the same lot with a building or contiguous to a group of buildings for the temporary parking of vehicles while handling merchandise or materials.
Lot	A distinct part or parcel of land divided with the intent to transfer ownership or for building purposes which abuts upon a means of access.
Lot depth	The distance between the front and rear lot lines.
Lot width	The distance between the side lot lines measured at right angles to the lot depth at a point midway between the front and rear line.
Machinery and heavy equipment sales and service	The retail sales and accessory repair of construction, agriculture, excavation, and similar machinery and equipment, including tractor-trailers.
Main building	See "principal building."
Main structure	The building or structure where the principal use of the lot is located. This includes any structures or buildings that are attached to the principal structure by a covered structure. Lots with multiple principal uses may have multiple main structures, but storage buildings, garages, and other clearly accessory uses are not considered main structures.
Main use	See "principal use."
Maintenance	With regard to the landscaping regulations in Chapter 20.04, any management required for the well-being of the plant and appearance of the landscaped area.
Maintenance and repair services	An establishment providing repair services for personal and household goods, such as household appliances, computers, television, audio or video equipment, office machines, furniture and leather goods. This classification excludes building maintenance services and maintenance and repair of automobiles and other vehicles and equipment.
Major transit corridors	In accordance with the Land Use Framework map and the Multi-Modal Framework map contained in the adopted TOD Corridor Master Plan, corridors with BRT routes and conceptual future fixed transit routes. Major transit corridors include Victorian Avenue and Prater Way.
Manager	With regard to the time-share regulations in Chapter 20.03, any person designated and employed pursuant to the time-share instrument to manage the time-share project.
Manufactured home dealers	Establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and/or used manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes), parts, and equipment.
Manufactured home lot	A portion of land within a mobile home subdivision used or intended to be used for parking of one mobile home, including required yards and parking area, attached or detached accessory building and open space.
Manufactured home park	A parcel or tract of land where the principal use is the rental, leasing or occupancy of space by two or more manufactured homes on a permanent or semi-permanent basis, and customary accessory buildings or uses such as clubhouses, laundries, manager's offices, maintenance storage, community swimming pools.
Manufactured home space	A portion of land within a mobile home park used or intended to be used for the parking of one mobile home, including required yards and parking area, attached or detached accessory buildings and open space.
Manufactured home subdivision	A subdivision of land, platted in conformance to NRS Chapter 278 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, and applicable city ordinances for the purpose of providing mobile home lots.
Massage establishment	Any establishment, including a private club or organization, where massage, as defined in Chapter 5.65 of this code, is given or offered for compensation. This definition shall not be construed to include. (1) A hospital or nursing home; (2) The office of a physician, surgeon, chiropractor, osteopath, psychologist, marriage and family counselor, physical therapist or nurse duly licensed by the state; (3) A barber or cosmetologist duly licensed by the state and who performs massage of the head, neck and shoulders only; (4) A public or private physical fitness facility which offers massage as a secondary service and no exterior signs advertise massage services. (5) A trade school which offers courses in a variety of occupational skills with no exterior signs advertising massage services.
Mechanically stabilized	Any artificial method of stabilizing a slope such as rip-rap, rockeries or retaining walls.
Media production	Establishments that produce, manufacture, arrange for the manufacture, or distribute motion pictures, videos, television programs, television commercials, and music and sound recordings. This includes specialized motion picture or video postproduction services, such as editing, film/tape transfers, titling, subtitling, credits, closed captioning, and computer-produced graphics, animation and special effects, and developing and processing motion picture film. Examples include motion picture film laboratories, stock footage film libraries, postproduction facilities, teleproduction services, and sound recording studios. It does not include graphics, editing, or similar work that occurs in an office (see Commercial/Mixed Use - Office category, above).
Medical marijuana dispensary	As defined by NRS Chapter 453A. [See NRS 453A.350]
Medical marijuana cultivation facility	A facility operated by a business registered with the State of Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health of the Department of Health and Human Services that acquires, possesses, cultivates, delivers, transfers, transports, supplies and/or sells marijuana and related products to medical marijuana dispensaries, facilities for production of edible marijuana or marijuana-infused products or other cultivation facilities.
Medical marijuana production facility	A facility operated by a business registered with the State of Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health of the Department of Health and Human Services that: acquires, possesses, or manufactures edible marijuana products; extracts oils from marijuana; and/or delivers, transfers, transports, supplies or sells edible marijuana products or marijuana-infused products to medical marijuana dispensaries.
Medical marijuana testing laboratory	A facility operated by a business registered with the State of Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health of the Department of Health and Human Services that tests and analyzes marijuana, edible marijuana products and marijuana-infused products to be sold at medical marijuana dispensaries in Nevada.
Medical office, clinic, or laboratory	A facility where patients are examined or treated on an outpatient basis for physical or mental ailments by a medical doctor, osteopath, chiropractor, nurse, physical therapist, dentist, doctor of oriental or homeopathic medicine, podiatrist, psychologist or optometrist duly certified or licensed by the state of Nevada. Examples include medical laboratories, or facilities for medical, optical, orthotic, prosthetic, or dental laboratory services, outpatient surgery, photographic, analytical, or testing services.
Metal waste salvage yard/junk yard/auto dismantler	An establishment for the storage and dismantling of vehicles and equipment for sale of parts, as well as the collection, storage, exchange or sale of goods including, but not limited to, any used building material, used containers or steel drums and similar or related articles or property.
Mining and quarrying	The extraction of metallic and nonmetallic minerals, including sand and gravel pit operations.
Mini-warehouse	A facility that rents small structures or space for the storage of merchandise or personal belongings. A mini-warehouse establishment may offer ancillary retail sales from the office of the establishment.
Mixed use	Any single building or development that blends a combination of residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or industrial uses, where those functions are physically and functionally integrated. In a mixed use development, the different types of land uses are in close proximity, planned as a unified complementary whole, and functionally integrated to the use of vehicular and pedestrian access and parking areas.
Mobile food vendor	A person, including any employee or agent of another, who sells, or offers to sell, barter or trade food and/or drink to be consumed by customers. Mobile food vendors shall comply with the standards as set forth in this section.
Mobile home	A factory built home that does not comply with the standards established under the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974, 42 U.S.C. §§ 5401 et seq.
Mobile vending cart	A movable push cart that is operated by a mobile vendor including, but not limited to, bicycles.
Mobile vending trailer	A mobile trailer operated by a mobile vendor.
Mobile vending vehicle	A motorized vehicle operated by a mobile vendor.
Mobile vendor	Any person, including any employee or agent of another, who sells or offers to sell, barter or trade from a vending vehicle, trailer or cart. See Section 20.03.059.
Model studio	Any business, where, for any form of consideration or gratuity, figure models who display "specified anatomical areas" are provided to be observed, sketched, drawn, painted, sculptured, photographed, or similarly depicted by persons paying the consideration or gratuity.
Modular home	A factory-built home that has been built in compliance with the standards for single-family residential dwellings of the Building Code most recently adopted by the International Conference of Building Officials. (Source: NRS 278.0209)
Motel	A building or other structure kept, maintained, advertised; or held out to the public to be a place that provides five or more rooms as sleeping accommodations offered at a daily rate to transient guests where access to the rooms is from the outside.
Motor home	A portable, temporary dwelling used for travel, recreation and vacation, constructed as an integral part of a self-propelled vehicle.
Mulch	A covering over the soil used for water retention, soil erosion and dust control, as well as for aesthetic purposes. Examples include rock products, wood products, and vegetative by-products.
Multi-family building	A building designed to house two or more families living independently of each other, having their own kitchen facilities. Examples include duplexes, apartments, townhouses, rowhouses, quadruplexes, single-room occupancy buildings, condominiums, and similar combinations of two or more attached single-family dwellings. It includes any form of family occupancy, including traditional or non-traditional households, elderly housing, or retirement housing.
National Register of Historic Places	The official national list of cultural resources worthy of preservation. The list is compiled and maintained by the National Parks Service and the United States Department of the Interior.
Natural drainage way	Any channel, swale or depression which conducts water as part of the natural drainage pattern of a site.
Natural slope	The form of the land surface as it exists before any grading.
Natural vegetation	Plant materials which exist on the site before clearing or grading.
Nevada State Register of Historic Places	The official state-wide list of Nevada's historical resources. The list is compiled and maintained by the Nevada State Historic Preservation Office.
Nonstore retailers	Establishments that sell merchandise through online, mass media, telephone, mail, or similar methods (infomercials, direct-response advertising, paper and electronic catalogs, door-to-door solicitation, in-home demonstration, selling from portable stalls, vending machines, and similar methods), and that do not have a warehouse on the site. Examples include mail-order houses, vending machine operators, home delivery sales, door-to-door sales, party plan sales, electronic shopping, and sales through portable stalls (e.g., street vendors). This does not include a fulfillment center (classified under "warehousing, distribution, and storage," below).
Nursery (commercial, retail and wholesale)	An establishment primarily engaged in the retail sale of garden supplies and plants grown on the premises or elsewhere. This classification includes the sale of landscape materials, topsoil and rental of landscaping equipment.
Nursing home	A home for the aged or infirm in which persons not of the immediate family are received, kept, or provided with food and shelter, or care for compensation; but not including hospitals, clinics, or similar institutions devoted primarily to the diagnosis and treatment of the sick or injured.
Occupancy	The purpose for which a building is used or intended to be used.
Occupancy unit	A single unit providing complete and independent facilities for commercial, residential or industrial use.
Office	A building principally occupied by professional, business, government, and service activities not otherwise specified in this municipal code. Offices do not include retail sales except where specifically permitted as an accessory use. This includes: (1) the administrative, clerical or public contact offices of a government agency, together with incidental storage and maintenance of vehicles, including post offices; or (2) call centers that have no warehousing or trucking facilities on the same site (see "Wholesale distribution, warehousing and storage," below, for call centers combined with those facilities).
Oil and gas storage	A tank farm or outdoor facility to store oil and gas.
Orient	To bring in relation to, or adjust to, the surroundings, situation, or environment; to place with the most important parts (e.g., the primary building entrance and the designated "front" of a building) facing in certain directions; or to set or arrange in a determinate position, as in "to orient a building."
Outdoor processing	Production, contractor or repair operations that occur outside of an enclosed building, and that may involve the retail sale of items produced or assembled on the site. Examples include the production and sale of propane tanks, rock and concrete crushing operation, painting or coating, grinding or sanding, or degreasing or cleaning of parts.
Outdoor storage	Materials, goods, vehicles, or equipment kept or placed outside an enclosed structure for 72 hours or more.
Owner	The person or corporation appearing on the last equalized assessment roll of the Washoe County Assessor.
Park/open space	A park, playground, natural area, or open space. Examples include community centers, picnic facilities, public recreation areas, and accessory food concessions.
Parking area	Those portions of a site area designated for motor vehicle use, including, but not limited to, parking stalls, parking spaces, driveways and access driveways.
Parking facility	A parking lot or a parking garage offering parking to the public and is the principal use of the premises. "Parking lot" is an off-street, ground-level, and open area for the temporary placement of operable motor vehicles improved to the standards of S.M.C. Section 20.04.009, Parking and loading. A "parking garage" is a multi-level structure for the temporary placement of operable motor vehicles.
Pawnbroker	A person engaged, in whole or in part, in the business of loaning money on the security of pledges, deposits or other secured transactions in personal property. Said personal property must not include vehicles or other transportation devices upon which an autopawn is authorized to loan money.
Payday loan establishment	An institution that primarily makes small, short-term loans, typically without a credit check, that are intended to bridge the borrowers' cash flow gap between pay days. This includes any establishment that provides check cashing, deferred deposit service, or vehicle title loan services as defined in NRS Chapter 604A.
Permeable surface	A hard, porous material that allows water penetration into the soil.
Person	A natural person, corporation, partnership, firm, association, or other legal entity.
Personal instructional services	The provision of instructional services such as tutoring and exam preparation, language, photography, fine arts, crafts, dance or music studios, art studios, driving schools, employment training, diet centers, and beauty schools / reducing salons. This includes incidental retail sales, or light assembly and offices relating to training or instruction.
Personal services	A business which provides a service to the general public. This includes, but is not limited to, beauty shops, laundries, dry cleaners, tailors, pet groomers, wedding planning, dating services, nail salons, massage establishments, tattoo parlor, reflexology, and shoe shining or repair. This does not include social escort, bail bond, or other services listed separately. A "tattoo parlor" means a facility which provides personal services such as tattoos, body painting, body piercing and other similar uses as the primary function. A "massage establishment" means an establishment, including a private club or organization, where massage, as defined in Chapter 5.65 of this code, is given or offered for compensation. A "massage establishment" does not include a: (1) hospital or nursing home; (2) the office of a physician, surgeon, chiropractor, osteopath, psychologist, marriage and family counselor, physical therapist or nurse duly licensed by the state; (3) barber or cosmetologist duly licensed by the state and who performs massage of the head, neck and shoulders only; (4) public or private physical fitness facility which offers massage as a secondary service and no exterior signs advertise massage services, or (5) trade school which offers courses in a variety of occupational skills with no exterior signs advertising massage services.
Pickup coach	A structure designed to be mounted on a truck chassis for use as a temporary dwelling for travel, recreation and vacation.
Plan review committee	A committee comprised of representatives from the Planning and Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Fire Department and outside agencies who regularly review proposals for development within the City.
Planned residential development	An area of land controlled by a landowner, which is to be developed as a single entity for a number of dwelling units, the plan for which does not correspond in lot size, bulk or type of dwelling, density, lot coverage and required open space to the regulations established in any one residential district created, from time to time, under the provisions of any zoning ordinance enacted pursuant to law.
Planned unit development	An area of land controlled by a landowner, which is to be developed as a single entity for one or more planned unit residential developments, one or more public, quasi-public, commercial or industrial areas, or a combination of any or all of these uses.
Preexisting towers and preexisting antennas	Any tower or antenna for which a building permit, special use permit or administrative review has been properly issued prior to the effective date of this ordinance, including permitted towers or antennas that have not yet been constructed so long as such approval is current and not expired.
Preliminary development plan	A development suitability analysis and land use concept plan for planned unit or planned residential development which establishes the constraints and opportunities for development of a site, and sets forth in the form of written text, diagrams, and/or maps one or more development alternatives and the planning objectives to guide and control the future development of the site.
Principal building	A building devoted to the principal use of the lot on which it is situated.
Principal use	The main or primary purpose for which a structure or lot is designed, arranged or intended, or for which it may be used, occupied or maintained. (compare "accessory use").
Processing	To subject to some special process or treatment, as in the course of manufacture; to change the physical state or chemical composition of matter.
Production, craftwork	Establishments primarily engaged in on-site production of goods by hand manufacturing, involving the use of hand tools and small-scale equipment.
Production, general	This category includes general manufacturing or production activities, such as: (1) Manufacturing of products, from extracted or raw materials, or recycled or secondary materials, or bulk storage and handling of those products and materials. Examples include food, beverage and tobacco products, textiles, apparel, leather and allied products, wood products (including printing and related activities), paper, plastics, rubber, fabricated metal products, mined or quarried nonmetallic minerals (such as sand, gravel, stone, clay, and refractory materials, such as cement batch or concrete mixing plants), and transportation equipment. This does not include any activity listed under Intensive High Impact Production. (2) Manufacturing of chemicals, primary metals, acetylene, cement, lime, gypsum or plaster-of-Paris, chlorine, corrosive acid or fertilizer, insecticides, disinfectants, poisons, explosives, paint, lacquer, varnish, petroleum products (including asphalt), coal products, plastic and synthetic resins and radioactive materials. This group also includes smelting, animal slaughtering and oil refining. (3) Manufacturing of finished parts or products, primarily from previously prepared materials. Examples include: machinery, computer and electronic product, electrical equipment, appliance, component manufacturing, furniture and related product, jewelry and silverware, dolls, toys, games, musical instruments, office supplies, signs, sporting goods and equipment, and similar uses.
Project	For purposes of the time-share regulations in Chapter 20.03, a "project" is real property, subject to a time-share instrument, containing more than one unit. A project may not include units that are not time-share units.
Public facility	A public, civic, or institutional use facility used for the conduct of operations and services, including but not limited to offices, maintenance facilities, and recreational or cultural facilities.
Public maintenance facility	A governmentally owned facility providing maintenance and repair services for vehicles and equipment and areas for storage of equipment and supplies. This classification includes governmentally owned construction yards, equipment service centers and similar facilities.
Public nuisance	Any condition defined as a public nuisance in Section 7.16.010 of the SMC Code.
Public safety facility	A facility for public safety and emergency services, such as police, fire protection, police and fire training facilities, and ambulance and emergency services, administrative facilities for emergency medical care, and blood and organ banks. This includes accessory transportation services and the vehicle maintenance.
Public way	The surface of, and the space above and below, any public street, highway, freeway, bridge, land path, alley, court, boulevard, sidewalk, parkway, way, land, drive, circle or other public right-of-way, including, but not limited to, public utility easements, dedicated utility strips or rights-of-way dedicated for compatible uses and any temporary or permanent fixtures or improvements located thereon now or hereafter held by the City within the area serviced by the owner of the antenna/tower/backhaul network.
Railroad freight yard or building	A facility for freight pick-up or distribution by rail. This may include specialized services for railroad transportation including servicing, routine repairing (except factory conversion, overhaul or rebuilding of rolling stock), and maintaining rail cars; loading and unloading rail cars; and independent terminals.
Ramada	Any roof or shade structure installed, erected or used above any part of a manufactured home, mobile home, recreational vehicle, lot, or space.
Recreational facility, major	Large, generally outdoor facilities, such as: outdoor roller or ice-skating rinks, sports stadiums and arenas; amusement and theme parks; racetracks; driving ranges; swimming or wave pools; entertainment complexes; amphitheaters; drive-in theaters; archery or shooting ranges; riding stables; campgrounds; recreational vehicle parks; miniature golf; golf courses, driving ranges, and country clubs, marinas, and similar facilities.
Recreational facility, minor	Buildings or structures principally devoted to recreational activities or nongambling games, leisure and recreation services to the public or to members. Examples include the following uses when they are conducted indoor: ice or roller skating rinks, bingo parlors, billiard parlors, bowling centers, pool rooms, miniature golf courses and amusement arcades, tennis clubs, indoor and outdoor play courts, horseback riding facilities, indoor and outdoor shooting facilities, batting cages, go-cart or dirt-bike courses, miniature golf or putt courses, skateboard areas, and water slides or water parks.
Recreational vehicle	A vehicular type unit primarily designed as temporary living quarters for travel, recreational, or camping use which may be driven or towed on a highway, and which may be self-propelled, mounted upon, or drawn by a motor vehicle. Recreational vehicle includes any travel trailer, camping trailer, motor home, pickup coach, or slide-in camper.
Recreational vehicle park	A parcel or tract of land, having as its principal use the transient rental or occupancy of space by two or more recreational vehicles, including accessory buildings, structures or uses customarily incidental to recreational vehicles.
Recreational vehicle space	A portion of land within a recreational vehicle park used or intended to be used for the transient parking of one recreational vehicle, including permitted accessory uses and structures.
Recycling plant	A facility in which recyclable material only is collected, processed, separated, and/or baled in preparation for shipment to others who will use those materials to manufacture new products. Recyclable material includes metals, glass, plastics, wood, paper, and other similar materials that may be used in the manufacture of new products. Recycling plants shall not collect vehicles for salvage, hazardous materials, compost, or rubbish.
Redevelopment	Development on a tract of land with existing structures where all or most of the existing structures would be razed and a new structure or structures built.
Regional utility corridor	A planning designation assigned to a utility easement that contains or is proposed to contain one or more electrical transmission lines. The width of a regional utility corridor shall be equivalent to the width of the easement required by the responsible utility.
Remediation services	Establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) remediation and cleanup of contaminated buildings, mine sites, soil, or ground water; (2) integrated mine reclamation activities, including demolition, soil remediation, waste water treatment, hazardous material removal, contouring land, and revegetation; and (3) asbestos, lead paint, and other toxic material abatement.
Renewable energy production	Energy produced by converting wind energy, solar energy, geothermal or other non-fossil fuel and associated control or conversion electronics/system and is intended primarily to be connected and sold to the electrical grid system for consumption off-site. Energy production supplying more than 100 percent of the customer's average annual consumption at the site is considered a utility.
Renewable energy production—Utility	Energy produced by converting wind energy, solar energy, geothermal or other non-fossil fuel and associated control or conversion electronics/system and is intended primarily to be connected and sold to the electrical grid system for consumption off-site. Energy production supplying more than 100 percent of the customer's average annual consumption at the site is considered a utility.
Renewable energy production—Private	Energy produced by converting wind energy, solar energy, geothermal or other non-fossil fuel and the associated control or conversion electronics/system and is intended primarily to reduce on-site consumption of public energy. Energy production shall supply no more than 100 percent of the customer's average annual consumption at the site to be considered private.
Required area	The minimum area of a lot or parcel necessary to permit its use under the provisions of this Title, and means for the purposes of this Title: Any lot shown as part of a subdivision recorded as a final plat in the manner provided by law; or Any parcel of land separated as a lot prior to the adoption and effective date of the original City land use ordinance. Any lot or parcel of land which has an area not less than that required in the respective zoning district.
Research and development	The investigation into the natural, physical, or social sciences, and that includes product development or testing. This does not include research, engineering or similar activities that occur indoors in an office environment, which is classified separately under "Commercial/mixed use— Office," above.
Research and development	The investigation into the natural, physical, or social sciences, and may include engineering and product development.
Residence	See "Dwelling."
Residentially zoned property	A parcel of land that is zoned SF, MF, and MUD-RN.
Resort, dude/guest ranch	An establishment that provides: (1) horseback riding and/or related outdoor recreational facilities such as swimming, tennis courts, shuffleboard courts, barbecue and picnic facilities, (2) dining facilities intended primarily for use by guests, and (3) guest rooms limited to persons using the outdoor recreational facilities. This does not include boarding or rooming house, hotel or motel. This does not include bars and restaurants that cater primarily to those other than guests, such as including drive-through or drive-in restaurants.
Resource-efficient irrigation	The application of water to a specific area based on plant requirements.
Resource-efficient landscaping	A method of landscaping intended to conserve water and other natural resources by encouraging the following principles: Practical turf areas. The use of water-conserving plant material. The grouping of plants with similar water requirements. An irrigation system designed to meet plant needs. The installation of permeable hard surfaces to encourage ground-water recharge and re-use, and to discourage run-off. The use of water harvesting techniques. The use of mulches. The use of soil amendments. Soil analysis.
Resource-efficient landscaping material	Any of the following material: Living material, including, but not limited to, turf grass, ground covers, shrubs, vines, hedges, or trees which have been identified as those which are drought-tolerant or low-water use varieties, indigenous to or adaptable to this climate, and which can survive, once established, on minimal irrigation or natural rainfall; and Nonliving material including, but not limited to, rocks, gravel, sand, tile, bricks, bark, decorative concrete, and wood.
Restaurant	A structure where food and drink are prepared, served, and consumed. May include take-out, drive-in, and/or sit-down service.
Retail marijuana (at retail)	Marijuana cultivated, produced and processed into edible or marijuana-infused products, tested or sold for consumption by adults over the age 21 without the benefit of a medical marijuana card in accordance with Nevada Revised Statues Chapter 453D.
Retail sales	The sale of goods or commodities to members of the general public.
Retail, general	An establishment engaged in sale or rental of goods, such as: general merchandise, apparel, appliances, auto parts/tires, bicycles, books, electronics, firearms, florists, furnishings, gifts and novelties, hardware, health and personal care (such as pharmacies, cosmetics and optical), heating and plumbing equipment, hobby, jewelry, luggage and leather goods, music, office supplies, pawn shops, pets, sporting goods, stationary, tobacco sales, and entertainment media (such as videos, compact discs, DVDs, or computer games), used merchandise, arts and crafts, beer or liquor (see Municipal Code Chapter 5.28), or similar items. This includes artist studios that both create and sell visual artwork for noncommercial use. This classification includes the retail sale or rental of merchandise not specifically listed under another use classification. Merchandise is typically sold from locations known as storefronts, stand-alone buildings, department stores, warehouse clubs, variety stores, superstores, swap meets or flea markets, auctions, or consumer goods rental/general rental centers.
Re-vegetation	The stabilization of disturbed or graded soils after construction by replanting with indigenous plant species or other drought-tolerant, low water-consumptive plant materials appropriate for the climatic zone.
Room	An unsubdivided portion of the interior of a dwelling, excluding bathrooms, kitchens, closets, hallways and porches.
Rotor diameter	Cross sectional dimensions of the circle swept by the rotating blades of a wind generator.
Run-off	That part of precipitation which flows over the land without filtering into the soil.
Sanitary station,	A facility used for removing and disposing of wastes from recreational vehicle holding tanks.
School (public or private)	An institution of learning which offers instruction in the several branches of learning required to be taught in the public schools of the state.
Screening device	Includes but is not limited to any fence, hedge, wall or barrier made of living, non-living, or a combination of living and non-living materials, either fixed in place or temporary.
Seeding	The application of seed onto a prepared surface.
Setback	The distance between the property line, street right-of-way line, or edge of sidewalk to the nearest portion of the structure on the property (see definitions of front setback, side setback and rear setback below). See Chapter 20.04 for the regulations pertaining to allowed structures within, or projections into a setback. (see § 20.04.008) Note: compare "yard" below. The setback is the required distance between the lot line (or other point of measurement) to the building. A "yard" is the actual distance from that point to the building. In practice, the yard often extends past the required setback (in the case of a minimum setback).
Setback, exterior side	The setback extending from a side property line abutting a street right-of-way on corner properties.
Setback, front	The setback extending from the front property line. If there is an existing sidewalk, the front setback is measured from the edge of the sidewalk furthest from the street.
Setback, rear	The setback extending from the rear property line.
Setback, side	The setback extending from a side property line.
Sexual encounter center	Any business, agency or person who, for any form of consideration or gratuity, provides a place for two or more persons, not all members of the same family, to congregate, assemble or associate to engage in "specified sexual activities" or exposing "specified anatomical areas."
Shade tree	A large deciduous plant with a mature crown diameter of at least 15 feet and having a trunk that, at maturity, is kept clear of leaves and branches at least six feet above grade.
Shed	A structure that is subordinate to the principal building, and designed or used to store lawn, garden, pool care or other household equipment. A shed may be built onsite, or purchased pre-built or as a kit in pre-fabricated sections. A shed is not served by heat or plumbing and may or may not have a permanent foundation.
Side yard	The area between the side property line and the side of the principle structure closest to the property line and extending the length of the side of the residence.
Single-family dwelling	A building containing one kitchen designed and/or used to house only one family, including necessary employees of the family. See Use Matrix (Section 20.02.13). A "single-family dwelling" includes any manufactured or modular home as defined in Section 20.03.024 (Manufactured homes).
Site	A parcel or combination of parcels or lots which share a common development plan or which are dependent upon one another for access, parking or utilities.
Site area	The surface area of a development project including public right-of-way areas between property lines and paved sidewalks or streets.
Site frontage	The combined frontage of multiple, adjoining lots that are subject to a single application.
Small wireless facilities	Has the meaning ascribed in 47 CFR Section 1.6002(l).
Smog shop	Stations authorized to perform emissions tests and complete emissions-related repairs as long as the station has a 2G license from the State of Nevada. Other stations with a 1G license from the State of Nevada, may perform tests but are prohibited from performing emissions-related repairs.
Social assistance, welfare, and charitable services	Establishments that provide social assistance services directly to clients such as children, elderly persons, disabled persons, homeless persons, or veterans. Social assistance may include (1) food, medical relief, counseling or training. Examples include adoption agencies, youth centers (except recreational only), child guidance organizations, youth self-help organizations, foster care placement services, community action services agencies, marriage counseling services (except by offices of mental health practitioners), crisis intervention centers, multipurpose social services centers, family social services agencies, self-help organizations (except for disabled persons, the elderly, persons diagnosed with intellectual and, developmental disabilities), family welfare services, suicide crisis centers, hotline centers, telephone counseling services, community food services (includes collection, preparation, and delivery of food, clothing and blankets for needy persons), and (2) housing services including short term emergency shelter for victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, or child abuse; temporary residential shelter for the homeless, runaway youths, and patients and families caught in medical crises; or transitional housing for low-income individuals and families.
Solar energy	Equipment that converts and then stores or transfers energy from the solar into usable forms of energy. Solar energy includes either solar photovoltaic, solar thermal or any system that converts solar energy to usable forms of energy. This equipment is any substance or device which collects, stores or distributes solar energy for the use in heating or cooling of a structure or building, the heating or pumping of water, or the generation of electricity and all the associated equipment for the operation of the system.
Solar photovoltaic (PV)	Production of electricity through the conversion of direct sunlight.
Solar thermal systems	Use of the sun to heat water or heat-transferring fluids. Each system is comprised of two parts: solar collection (panel) or reflective panel and storage tank. Systems that use active solar require the use of electricity for pumps and circulation and require flat-panel collectors similar to PV. Passive solar water heaters do not have electrical components and rely on direct sun heating the collector panel.
Sparks Register of Historic Places	The local list, established by this chapter, of districts, sites, buildings, uses, landscape features, signs, structures and objects of significant local, state or national importance which satisfy the requirements of this chapter.
Specified anatomical areas	Less than completely and opaquely covered human genitals, pubic region; buttock; and female breast below a point immediately above the top of the areola; and human male genitals in a discernibly turgid state, even if completely and opaquely covered.
Specified sexual activities	Actual or simulated sexual intercourse, oral copulation, anal intercourse, oral anal copulation, bestiality, direct physical stimulation of unclothed genitals, flagellation or torture in the context of a sexual relationship, or the use of excretory functions in the context of a sexual relationship, and any of the following depicted sexually oriented acts or conduct: anilingus, buggery, coprophagy, coprophilia, cunnilingus, fellatio, necrophilia, pederasty, pedophilia, piquerism, sapphism, zooerasty; or clearly depicted human genitals in a state of sexual stimulation, arousal or tumescence; or use of human or animal masturbation, sodomy, oral copulation, coitus, ejaculation; or fondling or touching of nude human genitals, pubic region, buttocks or female breast; or masochism, erotic or sexually oriented torture, beating or the infliction of pain; or erotic or lewd touching, fondling or other contact with an animal by a human being; or human excretion, urination, menstruation, vaginal or anal irrigation.
Stand	A vehicle, trailer or temporary structure used for the sale of goods or services.
Standards	Mandatory regulations. Standards are indicated by use of the terms "shall" and "must."
Street	A public or private thoroughfare which affords a primary means of access to abutting property.
Structure	Anything which is built or constructed, an edifice or building of any kind or any piece of work, artificially built up or composed of parts joined together in a definite manner. "Structure" does not include a tent, trailer, mobile home or vehicle.
Substandard development	A lawfully improved lot or parcel, including any structures on the lot or parcel, which does not satisfy the current provisions of this Title regarding use, setbacks, height restrictions, parking, landscaping, signs or other site development standards.
Survey	The City historic architectural surveys and inventories consisting of historical resources compiled and maintained by the HRC.
Tattoo parlor	See "personal services."
Technical school	A specialized institution of learning which offers secondary or post-secondary instruction in business, trade, vocational, or other technical subject matter.
Temporary parking of mobile home	Any specified length of time less than 12 months.
Time-share	A time-share estate.
Time-share estate	A right to occupy a unit or any of several units during three or more separated time periods over at least three years, including renewal options, coupled with a freehold estate or an estate for years in a time-share property or a part of that property.
Time-share instrument	One or more documents, by whatever name denominated, creating or regulating time-shares.
Time-share license	A right to occupy a unit or any of several units during three or more separated time periods over a period of at least three years, including renewal options, not coupled with a free-hold estate or an estate for years.
Time-share owner	A person who is an owner or co-owner of a time-share other than as security for an obligation.
Time-share property	One or more time-share units subject to the same time-share instrument, together with any other real estate or rights appurtenant to those units.
Time-share unit	A unit in which time-shares exist.
Title loan	A pawnbroker who loans money only on the security of any vehicle or other transportation device for which a bill of sale, title or registration can be provided.
Total height	For purposes of the renewable energy regulations of Chapter 20.03, vertical distance from the ground level to the tip of a wind generator blade when the tip is at its highest point of a wind generator or the highest point of the overall structure. (Section 20.03.036 Renewable energy)
Tower	A monopole, freestanding, or guyed structure that supports a wind generator. (20.03.036 Renewable energy)
Tower height	For purposes of the renewable energy regulations of Chapter 20.03, height above grade of the fixed portion of the tower, excluding the wind turbine itself. (Section 20.03.036 Renewable energy)
Tower	Any structure that is designed and constructed primarily for the purpose of supporting one or more antennas for telephone, radio and similar communication purposes, including self-supporting lattice towers, guyed towers, or monopole towers. The term includes radio and television transmission towers, microwave towers, common-carrier towers, cellular telephone towers, alternative tower structures, and the like. The term includes the structure and any structural support.
Trailer	A vehicle without motive power designed to carry property or passengers wholly on its own structure and to be drawn by a motor vehicle.
Transfer Station	A fixed facility where non-hazardous wastes are taken from collection vehicles, temporarily stored, and ultimately relocated to a permanent disposal site. It does not include an incineration facility.
Transportation passenger terminal	Facilities for passenger transportation operations, and holding facilities, which includes rail stations, bus terminals, urban and regional transit stations and scenic and sightseeing facilities, but does not include airports and heliports. This includes incidental maintenance and accessory parking facilities. This does not include bus shelters, which are permitted in all districts.
Travel trailer	A vehicular, portable structure built on a chassis, designed to be used as a temporary dwelling for travel, recreation and vacation use, having a body width not exceeding eight feet and body length not exceeding 32 feet.
Truck	A motor vehicle used for the transportation or delivery of goods with a body built and designed for that purpose, and every motor vehicle designed and used primarily for drawing a trailer or other vehicle, and is not constructed so as to carry a load other than part of the weight of the trailer or vehicle drawn.
Truck stop	A facility oriented to the servicing of, and sale of fuel to truckers, and providing support facilities for truck drivers.
Tuck-under garages	Garages dedicated for use by residents of individual units within a multi-family building, such as a townhome or apartment complex, that occupy the first floor (either partially or in its entirety) of a multi-floor building and are usually clustered into large groups of garages with each unit's garage being accessed via separate garage doors from the alley or street.
Turf grass	Any species of grass that grows together and can be mowed, planted and maintained in areas of pedestrian, aesthetic or recreational activity.
Uncovered structure	A structure with walls on at least two sides, and that does not have a roof.
Unenclosed structure	A structure that has no walls and is designed principally for outdoor use, such as a deck, porch, patio, or trellis.
Unit	Any portion of real property designated for separate use.
Urban agriculture	Includes—(1) Community Garden: A site operated and maintained by a group to cultivate trees, herbs, fruits, vegetables, flowers, or other ornamental foliage for the following uses: personal use, consumption, donation or off site sale of items grown on the site. (2) Crop/limited agriculture: An area of land managed and maintained by an individual or group of individuals to grow and harvest food crops, horticultural and limited animal products (including flowers, trees, bees and apiary products, and chickens) for off-site sale in locations where retail sales are an allowed use. Crop/limited agriculture may be a principal or accessory use. (3) Community supported agriculture: An area of land managed and maintained by an individual or group of individuals to grow and harvest food and/or horticultural products for shareholder consumption or for sale or donation. This does not include a personal garden.
Urban Winery	A bonded winery facility where a building is utilized to convert fruit juices to wine from grapes grown at a remote location transported to the facility within the city for aging, bottling, storing, distribution and selling of said wine. An urban winery includes crushing, fermenting and refermenting, bottling, blending, bulk and bottle storage, aging, shipping, receiving, laboratory equipment and maintenance facilities, sales, and administrative office functions, and may include tasting and promotional events.
Utility, major	A building or other structure for water supply or wastewater treatment or the production of electricity, steam, air conditioning, hot water or chilled water for consumption by the general public.
Utility, minor	All lines and facilities related to the provision, distribution, collection, transmission, or disposal of water, storm water, communications, electricity, transportation, gas, steam, and similar public services, and may include storage for vehicles and equipment necessary to provide those services. This includes facilities that are necessary to support legally established uses and involve only minor structures such as electrical distribution lines, switch boxes, transformer boxes, cap banks, and underground water and sewer lines. This does not include "communications facility" or "wireless communication tower" as defined below, which refer to the point of transmission rather than distribution systems such as cable networks.
Vehicle	An automobile, truck, boats watercraft, motorcycle, motorbike, recreational vehicle, snowmobile, tractor, or similar item, but not to include machinery or heavy equipment.
Vehicle rentals	A facility for the rental of automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, trailers, motor homes and RVs, marine equipment, boats, and recreational watercraft. This includes accessory parts and supplies, storage and incidental maintenance.
Vehicle sales	A facility for the sale of automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, trailers, motor homes and RV's, marine equipment, boats and recreational watercraft. This includes accessory parts and supplies, storage and incidental maintenance.
Vehicle towing and storage facility	Establishments primarily engaged in towing light or heavy motor vehicles, along with incidental services such as storage and emergency road repair services.
Vertical mixed use	Refers to two or more land-use types within a building, occurring on different floors. A typical example of a vertical mixed-use building would incorporate active uses such as stores, offices, and restaurants at the street level and residential and/or office uses on the upper floors.
Visible light transmittance	An optical property that indicates the amount of visible light transmitted. The higher the visible transmittance, the more light is transmitted. A high visible transmittance is desirable to maximize daylight.
Wall	See "Fence or Wall."
Warehousing, distribution, and storage	The storage of goods, for the transfer or sale to other firms, including activities involving significant storage and movement of products or equipment. All storage activities are indoor. *See outdoor storage for storage activities that are not indoors.
Water harvesting system	Any combination of techniques that results in storm or flood waters captured on site, for later plant use or return to the water table.
Weather or environmental monitoring station	A facility with instruments and equipment that measures atmospheric conditions (typically to provide current weather information or a basis for weather forecasts), air or water quality, soil conditions, or similar variables.
Wedding chapel	A facility which is principally rented to perform wedding ceremonies. Facilities may include a chapel, dressing rooms, offices, reception facilities, and/or gardens.
Wholesale distribution, warehousing and storage	The storage of goods, and the sale of goods to other firms for resale, including activities involving significant storage and movement of products or equipment. All storage activities are indoor. This may include fulfillment centers that combine storage with call centers.
Wind energy conversion systems (WECS)	Equipment that converts and then stores or transfers energy from the wind into usable forms of energy. This equipment is the aggregation of parts including the base, foundation, tower, generator, nacelle, rotor, blades, supports, guy wires and accessory equipment such as utility interconnect and battery banks, or other components used in the system.
Wind generator	Blades and associated mechanical and electrical conversion components mounted on top of the tower.
Winery	A bonded agricultural facility comprising a building or buildings used to convert fruit juices (all or part of which are produced on the property) to wine, and to age, bottle, store, distribute and sell said wine. A winery, for the purposes of this section, includes crushing, fermenting and refermenting, bottling, blending, bulk and bottle storage, aging, shipping, receiving, laboratory equipment and maintenance facilities, sales, and administrative office functions, and may include tasting and promotional events.
Wireless communication tower or antenna	An antenna, alternative tower structure, and/or tower constructed and operated pursuant to Section 20.03.046, not to include small wireless communications facilities. This definition is intended to encompass traditional macro wireless communications towers and associated structures, not small wireless facilities also known as small cell structures.
Yard	The space on a property or parcel extending from the principal building to the nearest lot line.
Yard, exterior side	The areas between the side wall of the principle building and side property line abutting a street right-of-way on corner lots.
Yard, front	The yard lying between the front wall of the principal building and the front property line and extending across the full width of the lot or parcel.
Yard, interior side	The area between the side wall of the building and the property line not abutting a street right-of-way.
Yard, rear	The yard between the principal building and the rear line and extending across the full width of the lot or parcel.
Yard, side	The yard between the side lot line and the principal building and extending from the front yard line to the rear yard line.

Other parts of this chapter include specific definitions (see, for example, uses defined in the Use Table [Section 20.02.13] and Chapter 20.03; and Section 20.04.004 Fences, walls and hedges). Those definitions supersede those in this section to the extent that they are inconsistent.

(Ord. 2590, § 1(Exh. 1), Amended 02/24/2020; Ord. 2573, § 1(Exh. A), Amended, 5-13-2019; Ord. 2547, § 1(Exh. A), Amended, 12/11/2017; Ord. 2559, § 1, Amended, 07/09/2008; Ord. 2547, § 1(Exh. A), Amended, 12/11/2017; Ord. 2538, Amended, 07/10/2017; Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.003 - Abbreviations.

ADA	Americans with Disabilities Act, 42 USC Subsection 12181 et seq., Pub. L 101-336 and implementing regulations at 28 C.F.R. parts 35 and 36
BRT	Bus rapid transit
CFR	Code of Federal Regulations
Ft. or ′	foot or feet
HUD	United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
LOMR	Letter of Map Revision (see Floodplain Ordinance)
Max.	Maximum; indicates that the value prescribed is the maximum allowed
Min.	Minimum; indicates that the value prescribed is the minimum required
MPO	The federally designated Metropolitan Planning Organization, or the Regional Transportation Commission of Washoe County
MUTCD	Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices published by the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration
NRS	Nevada Revised Statutes
Sf	Square feet
TOD	Transit Oriented Development
USC	United States Code

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.004 - Technical references.

This title refers to various technical resources and external documents or regulations. These references are noted specifically below, are incorporated into this title by reference, and refer to the most recent version of the document or reference unless specifically noted otherwise.

Document/,qa>Regulation	Reference
AASHTO Green Book	American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), A Policy on the Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (6th Edition 2011)
AASHTO Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities	AASHTO, Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities (4th ed. 2012)
ADA Standards for Accessible Design	2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design (United States Department of Justice, September 15, 2010), as amended.
American Standard for Nursery Stock	American Nursery and Landscape Association, American Standard for Nursery Stock (ANSI Z60.1-2004, Approved May 12, 2004)
Building Code	The City's adopted building code (SMC 15.05.100, currently the 2012 Edition of the International Building Code (IBC), chapters 2 through 35 together with Appendix Chapters C, E, I, and J)
Fire Code	The City's adopted fire code (SMC 14.05.0010, currently the International Fire Code, 2012 edition, including Appendix Chapters A—I)
NAR	Nevada Administrative Regulations. Any reference to a state administrative regulations refers to any amendment to that regulation, unless otherwise provided.
NRS	Nevada Revised Statutes. Any reference to a Nevada Statute refers to any amendment to that statute, unless otherwise provided.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.005 - Zoning district boundaries.

Where uncertainty exists as to the boundaries of zoning districts, as shown, the following apply:

Boundaries are intended to parallel street lines or to follow lot or property lines as they exist at the time of passage of This title or amendments to this Title, unless specifically shown otherwise.

In the event of further uncertainty, the Administrator shall interpret intent as to the boundary location.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.006 - Vacated rights-of-way.

If a dedicated street or alley is abandoned, the regulations applicable to abutting properties apply to that portion of such right-of-way vacated.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.007 - Severability.

If any provision of this title or its application to any person or circumstances, is held invalid, the remainder of this title, or the application or provision to other persons or circumstances not affected.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.008 - Relationship to other laws.

Other Laws—Private Restrictions. This title does not impair or interfere with other regulations of effective state or local law, or with private restrictions on the use of land, improvements, and structures. Where this title imposes a greater restriction than that imposed by other law or by private restrictions, this title controls.

Other Regulations. This title is intended to cooperate with other city regulations, including but not limited to building, plumbing, electrical and fire prevention codes, and subdivision regulations. In all cases of doubtful interpretation or possible conflict, the proper interpretation of this Title is that which favors consistency with other regulations.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Sparks City Zoning Code

CHAPTER 20

08 - DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS

Section 20.08.001 - Rules of interpretation.

Unless context requires otherwise, the words and terms defined in this chapter have the meaning ascribed to them in this chapter.

All words and terms used in this Title which are defined in the Planning Act (NRS Chapter 278) are used in this Title as so defined.

The term "building," "structure," "area," "lot" or "parcel" includes all or part of the building, structure, area, lot, or parcel unless otherwise indicated.

The phrase "up to" means a maximum of. For example, a subdivision that is allowed "up to five lots per acre" may not include more than five lots per acre.

See SMC Chapter 1 for additional rules of interpretation.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.002 - Definitions.

The words, terms and phrases used in this title are below.

Accent material	Material that is secondary to the primary building material in terms of its quantity, or that contrasts with the primary building material. Accent materials generally cover 25 percent or less of the wall elevation.
Accessory building	A detached building or structure which is subordinate to, and the use of which is incidental to that of the Principal Building, structure or use of the same parcel or lot of land.
Accessory commercial use (for multiple family residential zoning districts)	A retail sales facility designed to serve as an accessory use to a multiple residential complex, serve the residents of the complex and the surrounding area and not draw from outside of the immediate area surrounding the complex.
Accessory dwelling unit	An ADU is a dwelling unit that is accessory to a principal single-family dwelling unit on the same lot. This includes a building or part of a building that provides complete independent living facilities for one or more people, including a kitchen, living room, bathroom, and bedroom, and that is (1) attached to the principal dwelling, or (2) located in a detached building on the same lot.
Accessory retail, office, or recreational use	A retail, office, or recreational use that is subordinate to and incidental to the primary use, that primarily serves the employees of the primary use, and occupies no more than 20 percent of the square footage of the primary use in the I District and no more than 10 percent of the square footage of the primary use in every other zone district. (Ord. 2417, Add, 11/10/2008)
Accessory structure	A structure that is subordinate in scale and function to the main structure or principal use. Examples include porches, sheds, garages, play houses (excluding tree houses and play equipment), mail boxes, bird houses, and greenhouses. An accessory structure may be attached to or detached from the main structure, and either fixed in place or temporary.
Accessory use	A use that (1) is necessarily and customarily associated with the principal use, (2) is appropriate and incidental to the principal use, (3) is subordinate to the principal use in area, extent or purpose, and (4) contributes to the comfort, convenience or necessity of occupants, business or industry in the principal building or principal use served.
Adjacent	Abuts, is contiguous to or shares a common boundary. Includes a lot or parcel of land that shares all or part of a common lot line with another lot or parcel of land.
Administrative review	A review which is required as a prerequisite to the issuance of building permits, whenever a conditional use permit is not required, for commercial and industrial building additions, for new multiple-family residential, new commercial or industrial construction, the enlargement of a nonconforming use (20.06.003), and for outdoor storage (20.03.044).
Administrator	The official charged with the duty and authority to administer this Title and any person to whom he has delegated applicable powers and duties.
Adult book store	An establishment having, as a substantial or significant portion of its stock in trade, videos, books, magazines and other periodicals which are distinguished or characterized by their emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" or an establishment with a segment or section devoted to the sale or display of that material.
Adult business	Includes any adult book store, adult drive-in theater, adult hotel or motel, adult mini motion picture theater, adult motion picture arcade, adult motion picture theater, adult motion picture arcade, or cabaret. (See Chapter 20.08 for definitions). 1. An "adult business" includes any other business or establishment which offers its patrons services or entertainment characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas.
Adult day care	A licensed establishment operated and maintained to provide care or supervision during the day, such as social activities, minor health care assessments, meals, and recreation, for five or more persons 18 years of age or older. The facility may not be used as a residence. The definition does not include halfway houses for recovering alcohol and drug abusers.
Adult drive-in theater	A drive-in theater used to present materials distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" for observation by patrons in the theater.
Adult hotel or motel	A hotel or motel which rents for less than ten hours, where material is presented which is distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas."
Adult mini motion picture theater	An enclosed building with a capacity for less than 50 persons used to present material distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" for observation by patrons in the building.
Adult motion picture arcade	Any place to which the public is permitted or invited where coin or slug-operated or electronically, electrically or mechanically controlled still or motion picture machines, projectors or other image-producing devices are maintained to show images to five or fewer persons per machine at any one time, and where the images displayed are distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on depicting or describing "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas."
Adult motion picture theater	An enclosed building with a capacity of 50 or more persons used to present material distinguished or characterized by their emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" for observation by patrons in the building.
Advertising sign	Any advertisement making a material or service known and located at the place of sale.
Affiliate	An entity which owns or controls, is owned or controlled by, or is under common ownership with a franchisee or current or former owner of a communication tower, antenna or backhaul network.
Alley	A public thoroughfare or way that provides a secondary means of access to a lot or parcel, running perpendicular to street and to the rear or side of the lot or parcel.
Alteration	Any exterior change or modification through public or private action of any historical property or resource on the local register or located within a historical district. The term "alteration" shall include any change or modification that affects the exterior visual qualities of the property or resource, and the removal of historical resources from the property or district as well as disturbances to archaeological sites. Alteration does not include routine maintenance or the attachment of temporary fixtures.
Alternative tower	Existing buildings, man-made trees, clock towers, steeples, light poles and similar alternative-design mounting structures that camouflage or conceal the presence of antennas or towers.
Animal service	A building or area where animals are boarded, groomed, bred, or trained, or given medical care or recreational activities. This includes any kennel, animal hospital, animal grooming, veterinarian, animal spa, or animal shelter that provides temporary housing of stray, abandoned, abused, neglected or unwanted domestic animals.
Animal services, indoor	An animal service (including a veterinary services) that occurs entirely within an enclosed building, and where animals are not boarded overnight.
Animal services, overnight (whether indoor or outdoor)	Any animal service (including veterinary service or kennel) that has overnight boarding or outdoor confinement or exercise areas.
Antenna	Any exterior transmitting or receiving device mounted on a tower, building or structure and used in communications that radiate or capture electromagnetic waves, digital signals, analog signals, radio frequencies (excluding radar signals), wireless telecommunications signals or other communication signals.
Apartment house	See "multi-family dwelling."
Application	Any application for approval of a development or use filed under Chapter 20.05 of this Title.
Archaeological site	An area where remains of man or his activities prior to keeping of history are still evident.
Assisted living	A residence that primarily serves the elderly and provides rooms, meals and may provide personal care and supervision of self-administered medication. These establishments do not have on-site nursing care facilities. They may provide other services, such as recreational activities, financial services and transportation.
Auction house	An enclosed establishment for the temporary storage and offering by an auctioneer of qualified property which is offered or sold to the highest bidder by means of a request or invitation for bids. For purposes of this description, the term "qualified property" means property of any kind belonging to another, but excluding animals, motor vehicles and business inventory to be liquidated following or in connection with the closing of a business. This use does not include a secondhand dealer.
Auto and truck repair (heavy)	An establishment as defined in "auto and truck repair (light)," and that may also provide major mechanical and body work, straightening of body parts, body repairs, battery rebuilding, painting, welding, short term (less than 72 hours) storage of automobiles not in operating condition, outdoor work on vehicles, or other work involving noise, glare, fumes, smoke, or other characteristics to an extent greater than normally found in auto service stations.
Auto and truck repair (light)	An area used for general maintenance activities including but not limited to replacement of filters, fluids, light bulbs, belts, fuses, and tire; emissions testing; and similar activities. Includes smog shops, or stations authorized to perform emissions tests and complete emissions-related repairs as long as the station has a 2G license from the State of Nevada. Other stations with a 1G license from the State of Nevada, may perform tests but are prohibited from performing emissions-related repairs. Includes emissions testing services that test the emissions of automobiles or other vehicles to determine compliance with state or federal emissions requirements.
Auto and truck repair use	Includes auto and truck repair (heavy) and auto and truck repair (light), as defined above.
Auto detail	Cleaning of passenger vehicles that is predominantly done by hand. The activities are primarily conducted inside a tenant space and not associated with an automated car wash.
Automated teller machine, stand-alone	An automated teller machine that is at a location separate from the controlling financial institution.
Automobile parking area	A fully accessible space for the parking of an automobile.
Backhaul network	The lines that connect a provider's towers/cell sites to one or more cellular telephone switching offices, and/or long distance providers, or the public switched telephone network.
Bail bond services	An office that engages in the sale or issuance of bail bonds or other financial transfers for the purpose of securing the release from jail of an accused defendant pending trial.
Banks	See "Financial Institutions."
Bar/lounge	An establishment or part of an establishment used primarily for the sale of alcoholic beverages where the beverages are consumed on the premises, or the consumption of tobacco or similar products. This includes taverns, brewpubs, microbreweries, hookah lounges, or distilleries where food and drink are served on the premises.
Bed and breakfast	An owner-occupied house, or part of a house, where no more than four rooms (for a total of eight guests) are provided for short-term (one night to two weeks) lodging, and where breakfast-only meals are provided for compensation.
Bike share kiosk	A station or area where bicycles are stored for rental to the general public, typically as part of a bike sharing program. A bike share kiosk may be enclosed, partially enclosed or unenclosed. This does not include a retail shop where bicycles are repaired or sold.
Billboard	An outdoor advertisement making material or service known, where the advertisement is remote from point of sale of the material or service.
Boarding/rooming house	A building or part of a building where, for compensation, meals and/or lodging are provided for more than three guests. Examples include fraternities, sororities, or dorms. This use type does not include a hotel, motel, or multi-family building. A multifamily building includes separate dwelling units occupied by a single household, while a boarding house includes separate households sharing kitchen facilities.
Boat	A vehicle for traveling in or on water.
Bodily fluid collection services	A clinic and/or laboratory intended for the collection, testing and/or distribution of human specimens (e.g. blood plasma, breast milk, and sperm).
Buffer zone	A strip of land established to separate and protect one type of land use from another to screen other properties from objectionable noise, smoke, or visual impact or to provide for future public improvements or additional open space.
Building and landscaping materials supplier	A business that sells building materials or landscaping where the majority of sales are wholesale transactions to other firms, not retail sales.
Building frontage	The length of the face or wall of a completely enclosed and permanent building on a site which fronts directly on a public or private street or right-of-way.
Building ground floor area	The area of the ground floor enclosed within the walls of all buildings on the site.
Building maintenance services	An establishment providing carpet cleaning, carpentry, roofing, exterminator, glazing, janitorial services, electrical repair, plumbing, heating and air conditioning, upholstery, painting and paper hanging, sign painting, or packing and crating.
Building mass	The three-dimensional bulk of a building height, width, and depth.
Building material sales and services	Retailing, wholesaling or rental of building supplies or construction equipment. Examples include lumberyards, home improvement sales and services, tool and equipment sales or rental establishments.
Building Scale	The size and proportion of a building relative to surrounding buildings and environs, adjacent streets, and pedestrians.
Bus rapid transit (BRT)	A system that allows bus vehicles to operate on a right-of-way that is largely separated from other types of traffic.
Bus rapid transit (BRT) route	The BRT ROUTE for the corridor shall be as identified in the Multi-Modal Framework Plan chapter of the adopted TOD Corridor Master Plan.
Business	An operation conducted by an individual, partnership or corporation which functions as a single enterprise or activity or is owned or operated by a single individual, partnership or corporation.
Cabana	Any portable, demountable, or permanent cabin, room, enclosure or other building erected, constructed or placed on any mobile home lot, mobile home space or recreational vehicle space within six feet of any principal building.
Cabaret	For purposes of this Section only, a nightclub, theater or other establishment which features as its primary entertainment live performances by topless and/or bottomless dancers, "go-go" dancers, exotic dancers, strippers, or similar entertainers.
Call center	An establishment primarily engaged in answering telephone calls and relaying messages to clients or in initiating or receiving communications for telemarketing purpose, such as promoting clients' products or services, taking orders for clients, or soliciting contributions or providing information for clients. These centers may operate with extended hours and typically have a higher density of employees per square foot than traditional office uses.
Camping trailer	A folding structure usually made of canvas, mounted on wheels and designed for travel, recreation and vacation use.
Car wash	Vehicle cleaning, washing, and testing. It does not include the additional activities permitted in "auto repair shop."
Carport	An accessory building having one or more open sides, used by occupants of a dwelling unit to park automobiles.
Catastrophic event	An event that is beyond the property owner's ability to control, and renders historical resources hazardous or destroyed beyond repair. The term "catastrophic event" shall not include the results of improper or insufficient owner maintenance or corrections that can be accomplished through reasonable measures.
Cemetery	A burial ground for the interment of the human dead. This includes any burial ground or mausoleum.
Central accessory building	A structure housing toilet, lavatory and such other facilities as required or permitted by ordinance.
Certificate of appropriateness	A certificate issued by the Sparks Historic Resources Commission approving alteration, restoration, construction, removal, or relocation, in whole or in part, of or to a property on the local register as a historic site or to an improvement within a historical district as established by this chapter.
Child care facility	A "child care facility" as defined by NRS Chapter 432A.
Child care, in-home	A child care facility located in a dwelling unit that includes no more than the number of children two care givers may care for in accordance with the Washoe County Department of Social Services, Regulations for Child Care Facilities 24.4 [staff-to-child ratio].
Church or worship center	A place of religious worship and instruction. Accessory uses requiring independent approval include (1) an associated private school, and (2) a child care in the main building or the same lot as the church or worship center that accepts customers not attending the church, recreational facilities, dormitories or other facilities for temporary or permanent residences. Child care facilities located in the main building that are used only during worship services, for persons attending the service, are considered accessory to the church and do not require independent approval. For purposes of this section, "religious worship" includes any "religious exercise" as defined by the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA), 42 U.S.C. § 2000cc-5.
Clearing	The removal of vegetation, topsoil or other surface materials from a site.
Co-generation facility	A facility that produces heat or electricity using waste energy from a primary industrial use.
College	A post-secondary educational institution authorized to award associate, baccalaureate, or higher degrees, or a seminary.
Collocation	The sharing of structures by two or more wireless service providers.
Common open space	Open space within a single unified development which is owned, designed, and set aside for all occupants of the development or by occupants of designated portions of the development. Common open space is not dedicated for public use and is owned and maintained by a private organization made up of the residents and owners of the development. Common open space may include lakes and wetlands but does not include that area which is set aside and dedicated as a public park site.
Community care facilities for the elderly	Establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of residential and personal care services for (1) the elderly who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly who do not desire to live independently. The care typically includes room, board, supervision, and assistance in daily living, such as housekeeping services. In some instances, these establishments provide skilled nursing care for residents in separate on-site facilities.
Congregate housing	Establishments that serve meals and other services in low-income and federally subsidized housing or nonsubsidized housing facilities. Services include housekeeping, laundry, transportation, recreational programs, and other convenience services.
Conditional Use Permit	A permit required as a prerequisite to the establishment of certain uses in certain zoning districts. Uses requiring a conditional use permit are specified in the Use Table (20.02.013)
Construction	Any grading, installation of improvements, erection or placement of structures, or assembly of equipment or materials to be used in any of those activities.
Continuing care retirement communities	These establishments are primarily engaged in providing a range of residential and personal care services with on-site nursing care facilities for (1) the elderly and other persons who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly and other persons who do not desire to live independently. Individuals live in a variety of residential settings with meals, housekeeping, social, leisure, and other services available to assist residents in daily living. Assisted living facilities with on-site nursing care facilities are included in this industry.
Contractor shop	The offices and/or storage facilities for a specialized trade related to construction.
Convenience store	Establishments that retail a limited line of goods that generally includes milk, bread, soda, and snacks. Fuel sales are allowed as an accessory use. Automotive repair is also allowed if it is listed as a permitted use in the applicable zoning district.
Construction yard	An area temporarily used to store construction materials, supplies, equipment, tools, stock piling and recycling of useable construction materials and other permitted items, including temporary storage containers, construction trailers, and temporary office trailers.
Copy center	Includes blueprinting, printing, photostatting, copying, packaging, labelling, and similar services.
Correctional institutions	A facility where persons are detained pending adjudication or confined under sentences of two years or less provided that the facility is operated by a law enforcement agency or under contract with the state, City, Washoe County or a federal agency. Examples include community correctional facilities, correctional facilities or juvenile detention facilities.
Courier and messenger services	Establishments primarily engaged in providing air, surface, or combined mode courier services, express delivery services of parcels, or local messenger and delivery services of small items, with local pick-up and delivery. Examples include air courier services, express delivery services; local delivery services for letters, documents, or small parcels; grocery delivery services (i.e., independent service from grocery store), or restaurant meals delivery services.
Craft distillery	An establishment which: (a) manufactures distilled spirits from agricultural raw materials through distillation; and (b) is authorized to sell those distilled spirits pursuant to the provisions of NRS Chapter 597. (Source: NRS 597.200)
Crematorium	The building or portion of a building that houses the chamber for cremation (as defined in NRS 642.011) and the holding facility. The crematorium is subject the locational requirements of NRS 451.635.
Cultural institution	An institution engaged primarily in the performing arts or in the display or preservation of objects of interest in the arts or sciences that are open to the public on a regular basis. Examples include performing arts centers for theater, dance and events, museums, historical sites, art galleries, libraries, zoos, aquariums and observatories.
Cutting	Shaping of the land surface through the excavation of soil, rock or other materials.
Data center	A facility used primarily to store, manage, process, and transmit digital data, which houses computer and/or network equipment, systems, servers, appliances and other associated components related to digital data operations. The facility may also include air handlers, power generators, water cooling and storage facilities, utility substations, and other associated utility infrastructure to support sustained operations at a data center.
Data processing, hosting, and related services (including data centers)	Establishments that provide infrastructure for hosting or data processing services. These establishments may provide specialized hosting activities, such as web hosting, streaming services or application hosting; provide application service provisioning; or may provide general timeshare mainframe facilities to clients. Data processing establishments provide complete processing and specialized reports from data supplied by clients or provide automated data processing and data entry services.
Demolition	Any intentional act that destroys, in whole or in part, a historical resource on the local register or contained within a historical district as established by this chapter.
Department	The Community Development Department of the City.
Design regulations	A detailed design text which includes, but is not limited to, the following components:
	• Project description, legal description, and preliminary title report.
	• Project goals and policies, specifically related to NRS 278A.020.
	• Master plan, physical concept, and layout.
	• architecture manual - text and graphic displays which include, but not limited to, the following: architectural standards, landscape programs including streetscapes and entry statements, and building locations and orientations
	• Protective covenants, conditions, and restrictions in draft form.
	• A soils/geotechnical investigation report prepared by a qualified Nevada registered engineer or qualified Nevada engineering geologist including conclusions and recommendations regarding rippability, slope grading and stabilizing, foundation design and seismic and other geological hazards, as necessary for the property, subject to approval of scope by the Administrator. (In appendix)
	• Circulation and access diagrams.
	• Grading and erosion control provisions.
	• storm drainage master plan. (in appendix)
	• Provisions for water supply.
	• Sewer report (In appendix).
	• Traffic impacts.
	• Fire prevention.
	• Access to adjacent public lands.
	• Cultural resource/archeological review. (in appendix)
Development	Any construction or any division of land.
Development project	The use of land, buildings and structures on any property in the City subject to this Title, except single-family dwellings and two-family dwellings. and includes new developments, Planned Developments, and the expansion of existing developments.
Dimensional standards	The zoning district regulations that govern lot, setback, coverage, density and height.
Distribution center	A facility that stores merchandise for distribution to businesses or customers, but that does not fulfill orders directly from customers at that location.
Domestic household pet	Any animal generally domesticated by humans, including: dogs of the species Canis Familiarizes; cats of the species Felis Catus;; gerbils, hamsters, guinea pigs, mice, rats, squirrels, chipmunks or similar rodent-like mammals, but not to include ferrets or animals which are considered a high risk species, as defined in this section; domestic rabbits, but not those being used for commercial purposes or for food production; Vietnamese potbellied pigs (Sus Scrofa Vittatus) that are spayed or neutered upon reaching maturity; domesticated fowl or birds; non-venomous reptiles, which, at maturity, are less than 3½ feet in length or weigh less than five lbs. and are kept in a confined space; or any fish kept in an aquarium or proper facility.
Drive-through business	A business which provides a window or other area where customers of the business may obtain goods or services while remaining in a vehicle.
Dwelling or dwelling unit	Any building used exclusively for residential purposes. This does not include hotels, clubs, boarding or rooming houses, fraternity or sorority houses, institutions or mobile homes.
Dwelling, single-family detached	A building containing one kitchen designed or used or designed and used to house not more than one family, including necessary employees of the family. This category includes only those dwelling units that comply with the City's building code, whether built on site or in a factory (commonly referred to as "modular homes"), and factory-built housing as defined in NRS 278.0209.
Dwelling, two-family (duplex)	A building containing up to two kitchens designed and/or used to house two families, living independently of each other.
Electric theft deterrent device	Fences and appurtenant devices, including, but not limited to, fences and devices used for theft deterrence consisting of single strands of wire supported by posts or other fixtures, which have an electrical charge or are connected to a source of electrical current and which are so designed or placed that a person coming into contact with the conductive element of the fence receives an electrical shock.
Elevation	The external faces of a building, or a mechanically accurate, "head-on" drawing of any external vertical plane or façade of a building or object, without any allowance for the effect of the laws of perspective.
Email	An electronic message or an executable program or computer file that contains an image of a message that is transmitted between two or more computers or electronic terminals, including electronic messages that are transmitted within or between computer networks.
Entertainment facility/theater	An establishment where the primary source of revenue is derived from live or recorded performances shown or played for the amusement of an audience. Examples include theaters, music clubs and dance halls.
Erosion	The process where soil particles are detached and transported by water, wind, ice or gravity.
Event center/banquet hall	An establishment rented by individuals or groups to accommodate private functions (such as banquets, weddings, graduation parties, anniversaries, business or retirement luncheons, trade shows, and similar events). The may include: 1) kitchen facilities for the preparation or catering of food; 2) the sale of alcoholic beverages for on-premises consumption, only during scheduled events and not open to the general public; and 3) outdoor gardens or reception facilities.
Evergreen	Any plant with foliage that persists and remains year-round.
Excavating	Mechanical displacement of earth material.
Exhibition, convention, or conference facility	A facility used for assemblies or meetings of the members or representatives of a group, such as convention centers and banquet halls. This does not include clubs, lodges or other meeting facilities of private or non-profit groups that are primarily used by group members.
Exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS)	AN exterior cladding system composed of an adhesively or mechanically fastened foam insulation board, reinforcing mesh, a base coat, and an outer finish coat. EIFS is available in various colors and external textures designed to look like traditional stucco. Also known as "synthetic stucco."
FAA	The Federal Aviation Administration.
Façade	Any side of a building that faces a street, parking lot, or other open space. The "front façade" is the front of a building.
Family	Includes: One person living alone, at least two persons related by blood, marriage or legal adoption, a group of up to 4 persons living as a single housekeeping unit, or a family foster home, independent living foster home (with up to four unrelated children between 16 and 18 years of age), or specialized foster home as defined in NRS Chapter 424; or up to ten unrelated persons with a disability, as defined in 42 U.S.C. § 3602, along with related or unrelated house parents or guardians of those persons and any additional persons who are related to the house parents or guardians within the third degree of consanguinity or affinity. A family includes necessary employees of the family, such as household servants.
Farm or ranch	An area used to raise or grow, till, move or extract soils on-site and market on a wholesale or commercial scale poultry, rabbits, livestock, tree and bush crops, vegetable gardens, nursery stock and field crops.
Farmers' market	An outdoor retail event, certified by the Nevada Farmers' Association or a similar organization.
FCC	Federal Communications Commission.
Fence or wall	A freestanding structure intended to provide privacy, protection or confinement or to redirect a person's direction of travel.
Filling	Mechanical displacement of earth material.
Final development plan	A plan which executes the specific development scheme established in the preliminary development plan and design regulations. The final development plan must show the location of all structures and lots in sufficient detail to permit recordation and preparation of construction drawings. The final development plan shall also include:
	• A development plan compliant with tentative approval
	• Any tentative or final subdivision plat required for land division and dedications.
	• Design regulations compliant with tentative approval.
	• Final project governance documents.
Fixture	A decorative or functional device that is permanently affixed to a site or the exterior of a structure which contributes to the site or structures ability to meet historical designation criteria. The term "permanently affixed" shall include, but not be limited to, attachment by screws, bolts, pegs, nails or glue, and may include such attachment methods as rope, glass or leather, if such material is integral to the design of the device.
Fleet services	See "Ground Passenger Transportation."
Food preparation	A business that prepares food and beverages for off-site consumption, including delivery services. Examples include catering kitchens, bakeries with on-site retail sales and the small-scale production of specialty foods, such as sweets.
Franchisee	The person, firm or corporation to whom or which a franchise has been granted by the Sparks City Council or the lawful successor, transferee or assignee of said person, firm or corporation. This definition also includes any person, firm or corporation who purchases, leases or otherwise subsequently acquires an existing antenna, tower or interest in such.
Fraternal club/lodge/community service facility	A building and related facilities owned or operated by a corporation, association or group of individuals established for the fraternal, social, education, recreational or cultural enrichment of its members and not primarily for profit and whose members pay dues and meet certain prescribed qualifications for membership. Includes any "fraternal club" as defined by Municipal Code Section 5.28.010 ("An establishment which: (1) keeps, conducts and maintains an establishment solely for bona fide fraternal, social, recreational, benevolent or athletic purposes, and not for pecuniary gain; (2) does not traffic in alcoholic beverages for profit; (3) dispenses alcoholic beverages to its members or bona fide guests only; and (4) does not maintain or possess a public bar or place for the sale of alcoholic beverages to the public.")
Freight facilities	Distribution facilities upon which storage and warehousing of cargo is incidental to the primary function of freight shipment, and not to include any display of goods for either retail sale or wholesale. Includes both railway and truck freight transfers.
Freight terminal or brokerage	See "freight facilities."
Front property line	The narrowest property dimension adjoining on a public or private street, subject to a determination by the Administrator. In the case of corner lots, it is the property line that adjoins the street where the property is addressed. The property's frontage refers to the property's width at the front property line.
Front yard parking area	An area that includes the driveway, and the area between the driveway and the nearest side lot line, but does not include the area typically used for landscaping between the driveway and the farthest side lot line. If the residence has no driveway, the term "front yard" does not include the entire area between the residence and the street providing the principal access.
Frontage	The property line, or lines, that front a public or private street or right of way.
Fuel distribution facility	See "fuel distribution or recycling."
Fuel distribution or recycling	A facility dedicated to: (1) wholesale or commercial fuel storage and distribution, including petroleum, biodiesel, propane, butane, natural gas, or other similar fuels, to vehicles, machinery, or heavy equipment, or (2) the collection, storage, and processing of waste oil product for conversion into useable fuel products such as biodiesel, and may include storage and sales of resulting useable fuels. This does not include auto service stations.
Fuel recycling facility	See "fuel distribution or recycling."
Fulfillment center	A business whose services include the fulfillment of orders placed directly by a customer, whether those orders are place by means of mail, fax, email, telephone, or an internet transaction, and that includes warehouse or storage facilities from which the goods are shipped. A business that fulfills order completely within an office, but that does not maintain a warehouse or storage facilities, is classified as an "office."
Funeral and interment services	A "funeral establishment" as defined in NRS 642.016. Examples include funeral parlors, mortuaries or columbaria. (Note: cemeteries are classified under Public/Civic/Institutional - Assembly, below).
Gaming establishment (non-restricted)	A resort hotel as defined in NRS 463.01865 and consisting of 16 or more slot machines or operation of any number of slot machines together with any game, gaming device, race book or sports pool at one establishment. A "nonrestricted gaming operation" in existence in Sparks as of January 23, 2006 need not meet the resort hotel requirement of this section.
Garage	An accessory building or portion of a Principal Building primarily used to store motor vehicles.
Gas station	An area used exclusively for retail sales of fuels or oils. This use may have storage tanks and pumps, minor vehicle service and repair facilities conducted inside the building, or an accessory car wash. It does not include body repairs or battery rebuilding. [compare "auto and truck repair"]
Geothermal gradient	The rate at which the Earth's temperature increases with depth, indicating outward heat flows from a hot interior.
Geothermal power	Power extracted from the heat stored in the earth used to generate electrical energy or used directly as a heating source.
Geothermal resources	Any groundwater, steam or other method of the earth's subsurface heat which is used for its thermal characteristics.
Gradient	The vertical rise of a slope over a horizontal distance, expressed as a percentage (rise over run).
Grading	Any clearing, excavating, cutting, filling or other earth moving operation.
Grocer/Food market	An establishment for retail sales of food and beverages for off-site preparation and consumption. Examples include supermarkets or specialty food stores. This category also includes large-scale stores that sell food items and beverages in bulk.
Gross revenues	Subject to federal, state, local law and any amendments, any and all receipts and revenues received directly or indirectly from all sources associated with the installation and operation of the antennas, towers and backhaul networks which are the subject of this chapter. This term does not include any taxes imposed upon business or residential customers or services utilized by any governmental unit, agency or instrumentality and collected by the owner, of the antenna, tower or backhaul network. This term does not include net uncollectible debts.
Ground passenger transportation (e.g. taxi, charter bus)	Establishments that provide passenger transportation by bus, charter bus, automobile, limousine, van, or shuttle. Some services (such as taxi) are not operated over regular routes and on regular schedules. Examples include charter bus, special needs transportation, taxicab owner/operators, taxicab fleet operators, or taxicab organizations. This does not apply to publicly operated bus or mass transit systems. Includes fleet services that store, maintain, repair, fuel, and service two or more vehicles owned by a single commercial or public entity.
Group home	A residential facility for groups of adults licensed by the State of Nevada under authority of NRS Chapter 449 (other than assisted living facilities). This includes any "group foster home" as defined by NRS 424.015 (note: a family foster home, independent living foster home, and specialized foster home are addressed under the definition of "family.")
HRC	The Historic Resources Commission consisting of five members appointed by the Mayor and confirmed by a majority vote of the City Council.
Hazardous waste transfer	A facility where hazardous or infectious waste is received and processed for transportation to another place for recycling, re-use, incineration or final disposal.
Health/fitness club	An establishment that offers exercise or weight control programs whether or not the business provides any other service. Examples include gymnasiums, martial arts schools, gymnastics schools, weight control establishments, health clubs, health spas, swimming pools, handball facilities, racquetball or tennis club facilities, tanning facilities, fitness facilities, and yoga or workout studios.
Hedge	A dense row of shrubs or low trees that form a barrier or boundary.
Height	Vertical distance from grade plane to the average height of the highest roof surface, as determined by the City's adopted building code. "Grade Plane" is a reference plane representing the average of finished ground level adjoining the building at exterior walls. Where the finished ground level slopes away from the exterior walls, the reference plane shall be established by the lowest points within the area between the building and the lot line or, where the lot line is more than 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building, between the building and a point 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building. When referring to a tower or other structure, the distance measured from the finished grade of the parcel to the highest point on the tower or other structure, including the base pad and any antenna.
Heliport/miscellaneous air transportation	Facilities intended solely for takeoff and landing of helicopters, or for miscellaneous transportation vehicles for scenic purposes such as balloons.
High risk species	Species such as the striped skunk, spotted skunk, raccoon, fox, bat, coyote, bobcat, badger, weasel and other high-risk transmitters of rabies.
Historic resources	Includes, but is not limited to, any object, building, structure, site, area, place, sign, landscape feature, record or manuscript which is listed on, or is eligible for listing on the National, State and/or Sparks Register of Historic Places.
Historic district	A geographically defined area, possessing a significant concentration, linkage, or continuity of sites, buildings, structures, or objects united by past events or aesthetically by plan of physical development that has been so designated in accordance with this chapter. A district may be comprised of individual elements separated geographically but linked by association or history.
Historic site	Any parcel or portion of real property that has a significant historical, cultural, or archaeological feature.
Homes for the elderly	This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing residential and personal care services (i.e., without on-site nursing care facilities) for (1) the elderly or other persons who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly or other persons who do not desire to live independently. The care typically includes room, board, supervision, and assistance in daily living, such as housekeeping services. These establishments may include assisted living facilities without on-site nursing care facilities, homes for the aged without nursing care, homes for the elderly without nursing care, old-age homes without nursing care, old soldiers' homes without nursing care, rest homes without nursing care, retirement homes without nursing care, and senior citizens' homes without nursing care.
House or home	See "Dwelling."
Hilltop or ridge	The peak or highest point of a topographic feature from which all water drains down.
Historic resources	Includes, but is not limited to, any object, building, structure, site, area, place, sign, landscape feature, record or manuscript which is listed on, or is eligible for listing on the Sparks Register of Historic Places.
Hospice	A facility to care for the terminally ill.
Hospital	A building designed and used for medical and surgical diagnosis, treatment and housing of persons under the care of doctors and nurses and supporting services such as gift shops, pharmacies, restaurants and laundromats. Rest homes, nursing homes, convalescent homes and clinics are not included.
Hydroseeding	The application of seed within a suspended liquid medium that is sprayed onto a prepared surface.
Impervious surface	A man-made structure or surface which prevents the infiltration of storm water into the ground below the structure or surface. Roads, buildings, tennis courts, roofs, driveways, patios, pools, decks, parking lots, and similar water shedding surfaces.
Improvement	Any place, building, structure, landscape feature or object, whether permanent or not, which constitutes a physical addition to real property.
Infill	Development on a vacant or substantially vacant tract of land surrounded by existing development.
Infill project	A development, redevelopment, or an expansion of more than 20 percent of the building area, on a parcel that is located in a previously developed area of the city where at least 80 percent of the land within a 300 foot radius has been developed, and where water, sewer, streets, schools, and fire protection have already been developed and provided.
Kitchen	A room used to cook or prepare food.
Landowner	The legal or beneficial owner or owners of all the land proposed to be included in a planned unit development. The holder of an option or contract of purchase, a lessee having a remaining term of not less than 30 years, or another person having an enforceable proprietary interest in the land is a landowner for the purposes of this chapter.
Landscaping or landscaped	A combination of turf grasses, trees, shrubs, hedges, vines, ground covers, and other living plant materials; inert materials such as decorative rock, bark, and wood chips; concrete curbing (or railroad ties or landscape timbers), permeable walkways, decks, patios, and similar amenities.
Large format retail	A retail building that exceeds 50,000 square feet in gross floor area.
Life care or continuing care services	An institution, residence or facility licensed by the State of Nevada that provides accommodation and personal assistance to more than three residents who are dependent on the services of others by reason of age and physical or mental impairment, and that is licensed to provide skilled nursing care. This category includes nursing homes, facilities for hospice care (as defined in NRS 449.0033), or assisted living facilities (as defined in NRS 422.2708). This use does not include: (a) An establishment which provides care only during the day; (b) A natural person who provides care for no more than two persons in his or her own home; (c) A natural person who provides care for one or more persons related to him or her within the third degree of consanguinity or affinity; (d) A halfway house for recovering alcohol and drug abusers; or (e) A facility funded by a division or program of the Department of Health and Human Services. (Reference: NRS 449.017) Note: a group home for persons with intellectual disabilities, up to a limited number of persons, is considered a single-family home under the "Residential" category above.
Liquor store	An establishment holding an on-premises or package alcoholic beverage license pursuant to Chapter 5.28 of the Municipal Code.
Live/work dwelling	A dwelling unit used for both dwelling purposes and a nonresidential use, where: (1) the building includes only one dwelling unit, and (2) the nonresidential space exceeds the area allowed for home occupations (see Chapter 20.03) and occupies no more than 1,500 square feet, and (3) the structure is designed or structurally modified to accommodate joint and integrated residential occupancy and work activities, including complete kitchen and sanitary facilities and working space reserved for and regularly used by one or more occupants of the unit.
Livestock	Any animal generally used for production, commercial or recreational purposes, including: all horses, mules, burros, asses, or animals of the equine species;; all cattle or animals of the bovine species; all swine or animals of the porcine species, except Vietnamese potbellied pigs; all goats or animals of the caprine species; all poultry and large fowl or birds (except as provided in Chapter 20.03; all sheep or animals of the ovine species; all llamas and animals of the lama species.
Living unit	A building or portion thereof containing one kitchen designed or used to house not more than one family, including necessary employees in the family.
Loading space	An off-street space or berth on the same lot with a building or contiguous to a group of buildings for the temporary parking of vehicles while handling merchandise or materials.
Lot	A distinct part or parcel of land divided with the intent to transfer ownership or for building purposes which abuts upon a means of access.
Lot depth	The distance between the front and rear lot lines.
Lot width	The distance between the side lot lines measured at right angles to the lot depth at a point midway between the front and rear line.
Machinery and heavy equipment sales and service	The retail sales and accessory repair of construction, agriculture, excavation, and similar machinery and equipment, including tractor-trailers.
Main building	See "principal building."
Main structure	The building or structure where the principal use of the lot is located. This includes any structures or buildings that are attached to the principal structure by a covered structure. Lots with multiple principal uses may have multiple main structures, but storage buildings, garages, and other clearly accessory uses are not considered main structures.
Main use	See "principal use."
Maintenance	With regard to the landscaping regulations in Chapter 20.04, any management required for the well-being of the plant and appearance of the landscaped area.
Maintenance and repair services	An establishment providing repair services for personal and household goods, such as household appliances, computers, television, audio or video equipment, office machines, furniture and leather goods. This classification excludes building maintenance services and maintenance and repair of automobiles and other vehicles and equipment.
Major transit corridors	In accordance with the Land Use Framework map and the Multi-Modal Framework map contained in the adopted TOD Corridor Master Plan, corridors with BRT routes and conceptual future fixed transit routes. Major transit corridors include Victorian Avenue and Prater Way.
Manager	With regard to the time-share regulations in Chapter 20.03, any person designated and employed pursuant to the time-share instrument to manage the time-share project.
Manufactured home dealers	Establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and/or used manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes), parts, and equipment.
Manufactured home lot	A portion of land within a mobile home subdivision used or intended to be used for parking of one mobile home, including required yards and parking area, attached or detached accessory building and open space.
Manufactured home park	A parcel or tract of land where the principal use is the rental, leasing or occupancy of space by two or more manufactured homes on a permanent or semi-permanent basis, and customary accessory buildings or uses such as clubhouses, laundries, manager's offices, maintenance storage, community swimming pools.
Manufactured home space	A portion of land within a mobile home park used or intended to be used for the parking of one mobile home, including required yards and parking area, attached or detached accessory buildings and open space.
Manufactured home subdivision	A subdivision of land, platted in conformance to NRS Chapter 278 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, and applicable city ordinances for the purpose of providing mobile home lots.
Massage establishment	Any establishment, including a private club or organization, where massage, as defined in Chapter 5.65 of this code, is given or offered for compensation. This definition shall not be construed to include. (1) A hospital or nursing home; (2) The office of a physician, surgeon, chiropractor, osteopath, psychologist, marriage and family counselor, physical therapist or nurse duly licensed by the state; (3) A barber or cosmetologist duly licensed by the state and who performs massage of the head, neck and shoulders only; (4) A public or private physical fitness facility which offers massage as a secondary service and no exterior signs advertise massage services. (5) A trade school which offers courses in a variety of occupational skills with no exterior signs advertising massage services.
Mechanically stabilized	Any artificial method of stabilizing a slope such as rip-rap, rockeries or retaining walls.
Media production	Establishments that produce, manufacture, arrange for the manufacture, or distribute motion pictures, videos, television programs, television commercials, and music and sound recordings. This includes specialized motion picture or video postproduction services, such as editing, film/tape transfers, titling, subtitling, credits, closed captioning, and computer-produced graphics, animation and special effects, and developing and processing motion picture film. Examples include motion picture film laboratories, stock footage film libraries, postproduction facilities, teleproduction services, and sound recording studios. It does not include graphics, editing, or similar work that occurs in an office (see Commercial/Mixed Use - Office category, above).
Medical marijuana dispensary	As defined by NRS Chapter 453A. [See NRS 453A.350]
Medical marijuana cultivation facility	A facility operated by a business registered with the State of Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health of the Department of Health and Human Services that acquires, possesses, cultivates, delivers, transfers, transports, supplies and/or sells marijuana and related products to medical marijuana dispensaries, facilities for production of edible marijuana or marijuana-infused products or other cultivation facilities.
Medical marijuana production facility	A facility operated by a business registered with the State of Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health of the Department of Health and Human Services that: acquires, possesses, or manufactures edible marijuana products; extracts oils from marijuana; and/or delivers, transfers, transports, supplies or sells edible marijuana products or marijuana-infused products to medical marijuana dispensaries.
Medical marijuana testing laboratory	A facility operated by a business registered with the State of Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health of the Department of Health and Human Services that tests and analyzes marijuana, edible marijuana products and marijuana-infused products to be sold at medical marijuana dispensaries in Nevada.
Medical office, clinic, or laboratory	A facility where patients are examined or treated on an outpatient basis for physical or mental ailments by a medical doctor, osteopath, chiropractor, nurse, physical therapist, dentist, doctor of oriental or homeopathic medicine, podiatrist, psychologist or optometrist duly certified or licensed by the state of Nevada. Examples include medical laboratories, or facilities for medical, optical, orthotic, prosthetic, or dental laboratory services, outpatient surgery, photographic, analytical, or testing services.
Metal waste salvage yard/junk yard/auto dismantler	An establishment for the storage and dismantling of vehicles and equipment for sale of parts, as well as the collection, storage, exchange or sale of goods including, but not limited to, any used building material, used containers or steel drums and similar or related articles or property.
Mining and quarrying	The extraction of metallic and nonmetallic minerals, including sand and gravel pit operations.
Mini-warehouse	A facility that rents small structures or space for the storage of merchandise or personal belongings. A mini-warehouse establishment may offer ancillary retail sales from the office of the establishment.
Mixed use	Any single building or development that blends a combination of residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or industrial uses, where those functions are physically and functionally integrated. In a mixed use development, the different types of land uses are in close proximity, planned as a unified complementary whole, and functionally integrated to the use of vehicular and pedestrian access and parking areas.
Mobile food vendor	A person, including any employee or agent of another, who sells, or offers to sell, barter or trade food and/or drink to be consumed by customers. Mobile food vendors shall comply with the standards as set forth in this section.
Mobile home	A factory built home that does not comply with the standards established under the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974, 42 U.S.C. §§ 5401 et seq.
Mobile vending cart	A movable push cart that is operated by a mobile vendor including, but not limited to, bicycles.
Mobile vending trailer	A mobile trailer operated by a mobile vendor.
Mobile vending vehicle	A motorized vehicle operated by a mobile vendor.
Mobile vendor	Any person, including any employee or agent of another, who sells or offers to sell, barter or trade from a vending vehicle, trailer or cart. See Section 20.03.059.
Model studio	Any business, where, for any form of consideration or gratuity, figure models who display "specified anatomical areas" are provided to be observed, sketched, drawn, painted, sculptured, photographed, or similarly depicted by persons paying the consideration or gratuity.
Modular home	A factory-built home that has been built in compliance with the standards for single-family residential dwellings of the Building Code most recently adopted by the International Conference of Building Officials. (Source: NRS 278.0209)
Motel	A building or other structure kept, maintained, advertised; or held out to the public to be a place that provides five or more rooms as sleeping accommodations offered at a daily rate to transient guests where access to the rooms is from the outside.
Motor home	A portable, temporary dwelling used for travel, recreation and vacation, constructed as an integral part of a self-propelled vehicle.
Mulch	A covering over the soil used for water retention, soil erosion and dust control, as well as for aesthetic purposes. Examples include rock products, wood products, and vegetative by-products.
Multi-family building	A building designed to house two or more families living independently of each other, having their own kitchen facilities. Examples include duplexes, apartments, townhouses, rowhouses, quadruplexes, single-room occupancy buildings, condominiums, and similar combinations of two or more attached single-family dwellings. It includes any form of family occupancy, including traditional or non-traditional households, elderly housing, or retirement housing.
National Register of Historic Places	The official national list of cultural resources worthy of preservation. The list is compiled and maintained by the National Parks Service and the United States Department of the Interior.
Natural drainage way	Any channel, swale or depression which conducts water as part of the natural drainage pattern of a site.
Natural slope	The form of the land surface as it exists before any grading.
Natural vegetation	Plant materials which exist on the site before clearing or grading.
Nevada State Register of Historic Places	The official state-wide list of Nevada's historical resources. The list is compiled and maintained by the Nevada State Historic Preservation Office.
Nonstore retailers	Establishments that sell merchandise through online, mass media, telephone, mail, or similar methods (infomercials, direct-response advertising, paper and electronic catalogs, door-to-door solicitation, in-home demonstration, selling from portable stalls, vending machines, and similar methods), and that do not have a warehouse on the site. Examples include mail-order houses, vending machine operators, home delivery sales, door-to-door sales, party plan sales, electronic shopping, and sales through portable stalls (e.g., street vendors). This does not include a fulfillment center (classified under "warehousing, distribution, and storage," below).
Nursery (commercial, retail and wholesale)	An establishment primarily engaged in the retail sale of garden supplies and plants grown on the premises or elsewhere. This classification includes the sale of landscape materials, topsoil and rental of landscaping equipment.
Nursing home	A home for the aged or infirm in which persons not of the immediate family are received, kept, or provided with food and shelter, or care for compensation; but not including hospitals, clinics, or similar institutions devoted primarily to the diagnosis and treatment of the sick or injured.
Occupancy	The purpose for which a building is used or intended to be used.
Occupancy unit	A single unit providing complete and independent facilities for commercial, residential or industrial use.
Office	A building principally occupied by professional, business, government, and service activities not otherwise specified in this municipal code. Offices do not include retail sales except where specifically permitted as an accessory use. This includes: (1) the administrative, clerical or public contact offices of a government agency, together with incidental storage and maintenance of vehicles, including post offices; or (2) call centers that have no warehousing or trucking facilities on the same site (see "Wholesale distribution, warehousing and storage," below, for call centers combined with those facilities).
Oil and gas storage	A tank farm or outdoor facility to store oil and gas.
Orient	To bring in relation to, or adjust to, the surroundings, situation, or environment; to place with the most important parts (e.g., the primary building entrance and the designated "front" of a building) facing in certain directions; or to set or arrange in a determinate position, as in "to orient a building."
Outdoor processing	Production, contractor or repair operations that occur outside of an enclosed building, and that may involve the retail sale of items produced or assembled on the site. Examples include the production and sale of propane tanks, rock and concrete crushing operation, painting or coating, grinding or sanding, or degreasing or cleaning of parts.
Outdoor storage	Materials, goods, vehicles, or equipment kept or placed outside an enclosed structure for 72 hours or more.
Owner	The person or corporation appearing on the last equalized assessment roll of the Washoe County Assessor.
Park/open space	A park, playground, natural area, or open space. Examples include community centers, picnic facilities, public recreation areas, and accessory food concessions.
Parking area	Those portions of a site area designated for motor vehicle use, including, but not limited to, parking stalls, parking spaces, driveways and access driveways.
Parking facility	A parking lot or a parking garage offering parking to the public and is the principal use of the premises. "Parking lot" is an off-street, ground-level, and open area for the temporary placement of operable motor vehicles improved to the standards of S.M.C. Section 20.04.009, Parking and loading. A "parking garage" is a multi-level structure for the temporary placement of operable motor vehicles.
Pawnbroker	A person engaged, in whole or in part, in the business of loaning money on the security of pledges, deposits or other secured transactions in personal property. Said personal property must not include vehicles or other transportation devices upon which an autopawn is authorized to loan money.
Payday loan establishment	An institution that primarily makes small, short-term loans, typically without a credit check, that are intended to bridge the borrowers' cash flow gap between pay days. This includes any establishment that provides check cashing, deferred deposit service, or vehicle title loan services as defined in NRS Chapter 604A.
Permeable surface	A hard, porous material that allows water penetration into the soil.
Person	A natural person, corporation, partnership, firm, association, or other legal entity.
Personal instructional services	The provision of instructional services such as tutoring and exam preparation, language, photography, fine arts, crafts, dance or music studios, art studios, driving schools, employment training, diet centers, and beauty schools / reducing salons. This includes incidental retail sales, or light assembly and offices relating to training or instruction.
Personal services	A business which provides a service to the general public. This includes, but is not limited to, beauty shops, laundries, dry cleaners, tailors, pet groomers, wedding planning, dating services, nail salons, massage establishments, tattoo parlor, reflexology, and shoe shining or repair. This does not include social escort, bail bond, or other services listed separately. A "tattoo parlor" means a facility which provides personal services such as tattoos, body painting, body piercing and other similar uses as the primary function. A "massage establishment" means an establishment, including a private club or organization, where massage, as defined in Chapter 5.65 of this code, is given or offered for compensation. A "massage establishment" does not include a: (1) hospital or nursing home; (2) the office of a physician, surgeon, chiropractor, osteopath, psychologist, marriage and family counselor, physical therapist or nurse duly licensed by the state; (3) barber or cosmetologist duly licensed by the state and who performs massage of the head, neck and shoulders only; (4) public or private physical fitness facility which offers massage as a secondary service and no exterior signs advertise massage services, or (5) trade school which offers courses in a variety of occupational skills with no exterior signs advertising massage services.
Pickup coach	A structure designed to be mounted on a truck chassis for use as a temporary dwelling for travel, recreation and vacation.
Plan review committee	A committee comprised of representatives from the Planning and Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Fire Department and outside agencies who regularly review proposals for development within the City.
Planned residential development	An area of land controlled by a landowner, which is to be developed as a single entity for a number of dwelling units, the plan for which does not correspond in lot size, bulk or type of dwelling, density, lot coverage and required open space to the regulations established in any one residential district created, from time to time, under the provisions of any zoning ordinance enacted pursuant to law.
Planned unit development	An area of land controlled by a landowner, which is to be developed as a single entity for one or more planned unit residential developments, one or more public, quasi-public, commercial or industrial areas, or a combination of any or all of these uses.
Preexisting towers and preexisting antennas	Any tower or antenna for which a building permit, special use permit or administrative review has been properly issued prior to the effective date of this ordinance, including permitted towers or antennas that have not yet been constructed so long as such approval is current and not expired.
Preliminary development plan	A development suitability analysis and land use concept plan for planned unit or planned residential development which establishes the constraints and opportunities for development of a site, and sets forth in the form of written text, diagrams, and/or maps one or more development alternatives and the planning objectives to guide and control the future development of the site.
Principal building	A building devoted to the principal use of the lot on which it is situated.
Principal use	The main or primary purpose for which a structure or lot is designed, arranged or intended, or for which it may be used, occupied or maintained. (compare "accessory use").
Processing	To subject to some special process or treatment, as in the course of manufacture; to change the physical state or chemical composition of matter.
Production, craftwork	Establishments primarily engaged in on-site production of goods by hand manufacturing, involving the use of hand tools and small-scale equipment.
Production, general	This category includes general manufacturing or production activities, such as: (1) Manufacturing of products, from extracted or raw materials, or recycled or secondary materials, or bulk storage and handling of those products and materials. Examples include food, beverage and tobacco products, textiles, apparel, leather and allied products, wood products (including printing and related activities), paper, plastics, rubber, fabricated metal products, mined or quarried nonmetallic minerals (such as sand, gravel, stone, clay, and refractory materials, such as cement batch or concrete mixing plants), and transportation equipment. This does not include any activity listed under Intensive High Impact Production. (2) Manufacturing of chemicals, primary metals, acetylene, cement, lime, gypsum or plaster-of-Paris, chlorine, corrosive acid or fertilizer, insecticides, disinfectants, poisons, explosives, paint, lacquer, varnish, petroleum products (including asphalt), coal products, plastic and synthetic resins and radioactive materials. This group also includes smelting, animal slaughtering and oil refining. (3) Manufacturing of finished parts or products, primarily from previously prepared materials. Examples include: machinery, computer and electronic product, electrical equipment, appliance, component manufacturing, furniture and related product, jewelry and silverware, dolls, toys, games, musical instruments, office supplies, signs, sporting goods and equipment, and similar uses.
Project	For purposes of the time-share regulations in Chapter 20.03, a "project" is real property, subject to a time-share instrument, containing more than one unit. A project may not include units that are not time-share units.
Public facility	A public, civic, or institutional use facility used for the conduct of operations and services, including but not limited to offices, maintenance facilities, and recreational or cultural facilities.
Public maintenance facility	A governmentally owned facility providing maintenance and repair services for vehicles and equipment and areas for storage of equipment and supplies. This classification includes governmentally owned construction yards, equipment service centers and similar facilities.
Public nuisance	Any condition defined as a public nuisance in Section 7.16.010 of the SMC Code.
Public safety facility	A facility for public safety and emergency services, such as police, fire protection, police and fire training facilities, and ambulance and emergency services, administrative facilities for emergency medical care, and blood and organ banks. This includes accessory transportation services and the vehicle maintenance.
Public way	The surface of, and the space above and below, any public street, highway, freeway, bridge, land path, alley, court, boulevard, sidewalk, parkway, way, land, drive, circle or other public right-of-way, including, but not limited to, public utility easements, dedicated utility strips or rights-of-way dedicated for compatible uses and any temporary or permanent fixtures or improvements located thereon now or hereafter held by the City within the area serviced by the owner of the antenna/tower/backhaul network.
Railroad freight yard or building	A facility for freight pick-up or distribution by rail. This may include specialized services for railroad transportation including servicing, routine repairing (except factory conversion, overhaul or rebuilding of rolling stock), and maintaining rail cars; loading and unloading rail cars; and independent terminals.
Ramada	Any roof or shade structure installed, erected or used above any part of a manufactured home, mobile home, recreational vehicle, lot, or space.
Recreational facility, major	Large, generally outdoor facilities, such as: outdoor roller or ice-skating rinks, sports stadiums and arenas; amusement and theme parks; racetracks; driving ranges; swimming or wave pools; entertainment complexes; amphitheaters; drive-in theaters; archery or shooting ranges; riding stables; campgrounds; recreational vehicle parks; miniature golf; golf courses, driving ranges, and country clubs, marinas, and similar facilities.
Recreational facility, minor	Buildings or structures principally devoted to recreational activities or nongambling games, leisure and recreation services to the public or to members. Examples include the following uses when they are conducted indoor: ice or roller skating rinks, bingo parlors, billiard parlors, bowling centers, pool rooms, miniature golf courses and amusement arcades, tennis clubs, indoor and outdoor play courts, horseback riding facilities, indoor and outdoor shooting facilities, batting cages, go-cart or dirt-bike courses, miniature golf or putt courses, skateboard areas, and water slides or water parks.
Recreational vehicle	A vehicular type unit primarily designed as temporary living quarters for travel, recreational, or camping use which may be driven or towed on a highway, and which may be self-propelled, mounted upon, or drawn by a motor vehicle. Recreational vehicle includes any travel trailer, camping trailer, motor home, pickup coach, or slide-in camper.
Recreational vehicle park	A parcel or tract of land, having as its principal use the transient rental or occupancy of space by two or more recreational vehicles, including accessory buildings, structures or uses customarily incidental to recreational vehicles.
Recreational vehicle space	A portion of land within a recreational vehicle park used or intended to be used for the transient parking of one recreational vehicle, including permitted accessory uses and structures.
Recycling plant	A facility in which recyclable material only is collected, processed, separated, and/or baled in preparation for shipment to others who will use those materials to manufacture new products. Recyclable material includes metals, glass, plastics, wood, paper, and other similar materials that may be used in the manufacture of new products. Recycling plants shall not collect vehicles for salvage, hazardous materials, compost, or rubbish.
Redevelopment	Development on a tract of land with existing structures where all or most of the existing structures would be razed and a new structure or structures built.
Regional utility corridor	A planning designation assigned to a utility easement that contains or is proposed to contain one or more electrical transmission lines. The width of a regional utility corridor shall be equivalent to the width of the easement required by the responsible utility.
Remediation services	Establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) remediation and cleanup of contaminated buildings, mine sites, soil, or ground water; (2) integrated mine reclamation activities, including demolition, soil remediation, waste water treatment, hazardous material removal, contouring land, and revegetation; and (3) asbestos, lead paint, and other toxic material abatement.
Renewable energy production	Energy produced by converting wind energy, solar energy, geothermal or other non-fossil fuel and associated control or conversion electronics/system and is intended primarily to be connected and sold to the electrical grid system for consumption off-site. Energy production supplying more than 100 percent of the customer's average annual consumption at the site is considered a utility.
Renewable energy production—Utility	Energy produced by converting wind energy, solar energy, geothermal or other non-fossil fuel and associated control or conversion electronics/system and is intended primarily to be connected and sold to the electrical grid system for consumption off-site. Energy production supplying more than 100 percent of the customer's average annual consumption at the site is considered a utility.
Renewable energy production—Private	Energy produced by converting wind energy, solar energy, geothermal or other non-fossil fuel and the associated control or conversion electronics/system and is intended primarily to reduce on-site consumption of public energy. Energy production shall supply no more than 100 percent of the customer's average annual consumption at the site to be considered private.
Required area	The minimum area of a lot or parcel necessary to permit its use under the provisions of this Title, and means for the purposes of this Title: Any lot shown as part of a subdivision recorded as a final plat in the manner provided by law; or Any parcel of land separated as a lot prior to the adoption and effective date of the original City land use ordinance. Any lot or parcel of land which has an area not less than that required in the respective zoning district.
Research and development	The investigation into the natural, physical, or social sciences, and that includes product development or testing. This does not include research, engineering or similar activities that occur indoors in an office environment, which is classified separately under "Commercial/mixed use— Office," above.
Research and development	The investigation into the natural, physical, or social sciences, and may include engineering and product development.
Residence	See "Dwelling."
Residentially zoned property	A parcel of land that is zoned SF, MF, and MUD-RN.
Resort, dude/guest ranch	An establishment that provides: (1) horseback riding and/or related outdoor recreational facilities such as swimming, tennis courts, shuffleboard courts, barbecue and picnic facilities, (2) dining facilities intended primarily for use by guests, and (3) guest rooms limited to persons using the outdoor recreational facilities. This does not include boarding or rooming house, hotel or motel. This does not include bars and restaurants that cater primarily to those other than guests, such as including drive-through or drive-in restaurants.
Resource-efficient irrigation	The application of water to a specific area based on plant requirements.
Resource-efficient landscaping	A method of landscaping intended to conserve water and other natural resources by encouraging the following principles: Practical turf areas. The use of water-conserving plant material. The grouping of plants with similar water requirements. An irrigation system designed to meet plant needs. The installation of permeable hard surfaces to encourage ground-water recharge and re-use, and to discourage run-off. The use of water harvesting techniques. The use of mulches. The use of soil amendments. Soil analysis.
Resource-efficient landscaping material	Any of the following material: Living material, including, but not limited to, turf grass, ground covers, shrubs, vines, hedges, or trees which have been identified as those which are drought-tolerant or low-water use varieties, indigenous to or adaptable to this climate, and which can survive, once established, on minimal irrigation or natural rainfall; and Nonliving material including, but not limited to, rocks, gravel, sand, tile, bricks, bark, decorative concrete, and wood.
Restaurant	A structure where food and drink are prepared, served, and consumed. May include take-out, drive-in, and/or sit-down service.
Retail marijuana (at retail)	Marijuana cultivated, produced and processed into edible or marijuana-infused products, tested or sold for consumption by adults over the age 21 without the benefit of a medical marijuana card in accordance with Nevada Revised Statues Chapter 453D.
Retail sales	The sale of goods or commodities to members of the general public.
Retail, general	An establishment engaged in sale or rental of goods, such as: general merchandise, apparel, appliances, auto parts/tires, bicycles, books, electronics, firearms, florists, furnishings, gifts and novelties, hardware, health and personal care (such as pharmacies, cosmetics and optical), heating and plumbing equipment, hobby, jewelry, luggage and leather goods, music, office supplies, pawn shops, pets, sporting goods, stationary, tobacco sales, and entertainment media (such as videos, compact discs, DVDs, or computer games), used merchandise, arts and crafts, beer or liquor (see Municipal Code Chapter 5.28), or similar items. This includes artist studios that both create and sell visual artwork for noncommercial use. This classification includes the retail sale or rental of merchandise not specifically listed under another use classification. Merchandise is typically sold from locations known as storefronts, stand-alone buildings, department stores, warehouse clubs, variety stores, superstores, swap meets or flea markets, auctions, or consumer goods rental/general rental centers.
Re-vegetation	The stabilization of disturbed or graded soils after construction by replanting with indigenous plant species or other drought-tolerant, low water-consumptive plant materials appropriate for the climatic zone.
Room	An unsubdivided portion of the interior of a dwelling, excluding bathrooms, kitchens, closets, hallways and porches.
Rotor diameter	Cross sectional dimensions of the circle swept by the rotating blades of a wind generator.
Run-off	That part of precipitation which flows over the land without filtering into the soil.
Sanitary station,	A facility used for removing and disposing of wastes from recreational vehicle holding tanks.
School (public or private)	An institution of learning which offers instruction in the several branches of learning required to be taught in the public schools of the state.
Screening device	Includes but is not limited to any fence, hedge, wall or barrier made of living, non-living, or a combination of living and non-living materials, either fixed in place or temporary.
Seeding	The application of seed onto a prepared surface.
Setback	The distance between the property line, street right-of-way line, or edge of sidewalk to the nearest portion of the structure on the property (see definitions of front setback, side setback and rear setback below). See Chapter 20.04 for the regulations pertaining to allowed structures within, or projections into a setback. (see § 20.04.008) Note: compare "yard" below. The setback is the required distance between the lot line (or other point of measurement) to the building. A "yard" is the actual distance from that point to the building. In practice, the yard often extends past the required setback (in the case of a minimum setback).
Setback, exterior side	The setback extending from a side property line abutting a street right-of-way on corner properties.
Setback, front	The setback extending from the front property line. If there is an existing sidewalk, the front setback is measured from the edge of the sidewalk furthest from the street.
Setback, rear	The setback extending from the rear property line.
Setback, side	The setback extending from a side property line.
Sexual encounter center	Any business, agency or person who, for any form of consideration or gratuity, provides a place for two or more persons, not all members of the same family, to congregate, assemble or associate to engage in "specified sexual activities" or exposing "specified anatomical areas."
Shade tree	A large deciduous plant with a mature crown diameter of at least 15 feet and having a trunk that, at maturity, is kept clear of leaves and branches at least six feet above grade.
Shed	A structure that is subordinate to the principal building, and designed or used to store lawn, garden, pool care or other household equipment. A shed may be built onsite, or purchased pre-built or as a kit in pre-fabricated sections. A shed is not served by heat or plumbing and may or may not have a permanent foundation.
Side yard	The area between the side property line and the side of the principle structure closest to the property line and extending the length of the side of the residence.
Single-family dwelling	A building containing one kitchen designed and/or used to house only one family, including necessary employees of the family. See Use Matrix (Section 20.02.13). A "single-family dwelling" includes any manufactured or modular home as defined in Section 20.03.024 (Manufactured homes).
Site	A parcel or combination of parcels or lots which share a common development plan or which are dependent upon one another for access, parking or utilities.
Site area	The surface area of a development project including public right-of-way areas between property lines and paved sidewalks or streets.
Site frontage	The combined frontage of multiple, adjoining lots that are subject to a single application.
Small wireless facilities	Has the meaning ascribed in 47 CFR Section 1.6002(l).
Smog shop	Stations authorized to perform emissions tests and complete emissions-related repairs as long as the station has a 2G license from the State of Nevada. Other stations with a 1G license from the State of Nevada, may perform tests but are prohibited from performing emissions-related repairs.
Social assistance, welfare, and charitable services	Establishments that provide social assistance services directly to clients such as children, elderly persons, disabled persons, homeless persons, or veterans. Social assistance may include (1) food, medical relief, counseling or training. Examples include adoption agencies, youth centers (except recreational only), child guidance organizations, youth self-help organizations, foster care placement services, community action services agencies, marriage counseling services (except by offices of mental health practitioners), crisis intervention centers, multipurpose social services centers, family social services agencies, self-help organizations (except for disabled persons, the elderly, persons diagnosed with intellectual and, developmental disabilities), family welfare services, suicide crisis centers, hotline centers, telephone counseling services, community food services (includes collection, preparation, and delivery of food, clothing and blankets for needy persons), and (2) housing services including short term emergency shelter for victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, or child abuse; temporary residential shelter for the homeless, runaway youths, and patients and families caught in medical crises; or transitional housing for low-income individuals and families.
Solar energy	Equipment that converts and then stores or transfers energy from the solar into usable forms of energy. Solar energy includes either solar photovoltaic, solar thermal or any system that converts solar energy to usable forms of energy. This equipment is any substance or device which collects, stores or distributes solar energy for the use in heating or cooling of a structure or building, the heating or pumping of water, or the generation of electricity and all the associated equipment for the operation of the system.
Solar photovoltaic (PV)	Production of electricity through the conversion of direct sunlight.
Solar thermal systems	Use of the sun to heat water or heat-transferring fluids. Each system is comprised of two parts: solar collection (panel) or reflective panel and storage tank. Systems that use active solar require the use of electricity for pumps and circulation and require flat-panel collectors similar to PV. Passive solar water heaters do not have electrical components and rely on direct sun heating the collector panel.
Sparks Register of Historic Places	The local list, established by this chapter, of districts, sites, buildings, uses, landscape features, signs, structures and objects of significant local, state or national importance which satisfy the requirements of this chapter.
Specified anatomical areas	Less than completely and opaquely covered human genitals, pubic region; buttock; and female breast below a point immediately above the top of the areola; and human male genitals in a discernibly turgid state, even if completely and opaquely covered.
Specified sexual activities	Actual or simulated sexual intercourse, oral copulation, anal intercourse, oral anal copulation, bestiality, direct physical stimulation of unclothed genitals, flagellation or torture in the context of a sexual relationship, or the use of excretory functions in the context of a sexual relationship, and any of the following depicted sexually oriented acts or conduct: anilingus, buggery, coprophagy, coprophilia, cunnilingus, fellatio, necrophilia, pederasty, pedophilia, piquerism, sapphism, zooerasty; or clearly depicted human genitals in a state of sexual stimulation, arousal or tumescence; or use of human or animal masturbation, sodomy, oral copulation, coitus, ejaculation; or fondling or touching of nude human genitals, pubic region, buttocks or female breast; or masochism, erotic or sexually oriented torture, beating or the infliction of pain; or erotic or lewd touching, fondling or other contact with an animal by a human being; or human excretion, urination, menstruation, vaginal or anal irrigation.
Stand	A vehicle, trailer or temporary structure used for the sale of goods or services.
Standards	Mandatory regulations. Standards are indicated by use of the terms "shall" and "must."
Street	A public or private thoroughfare which affords a primary means of access to abutting property.
Structure	Anything which is built or constructed, an edifice or building of any kind or any piece of work, artificially built up or composed of parts joined together in a definite manner. "Structure" does not include a tent, trailer, mobile home or vehicle.
Substandard development	A lawfully improved lot or parcel, including any structures on the lot or parcel, which does not satisfy the current provisions of this Title regarding use, setbacks, height restrictions, parking, landscaping, signs or other site development standards.
Survey	The City historic architectural surveys and inventories consisting of historical resources compiled and maintained by the HRC.
Tattoo parlor	See "personal services."
Technical school	A specialized institution of learning which offers secondary or post-secondary instruction in business, trade, vocational, or other technical subject matter.
Temporary parking of mobile home	Any specified length of time less than 12 months.
Time-share	A time-share estate.
Time-share estate	A right to occupy a unit or any of several units during three or more separated time periods over at least three years, including renewal options, coupled with a freehold estate or an estate for years in a time-share property or a part of that property.
Time-share instrument	One or more documents, by whatever name denominated, creating or regulating time-shares.
Time-share license	A right to occupy a unit or any of several units during three or more separated time periods over a period of at least three years, including renewal options, not coupled with a free-hold estate or an estate for years.
Time-share owner	A person who is an owner or co-owner of a time-share other than as security for an obligation.
Time-share property	One or more time-share units subject to the same time-share instrument, together with any other real estate or rights appurtenant to those units.
Time-share unit	A unit in which time-shares exist.
Title loan	A pawnbroker who loans money only on the security of any vehicle or other transportation device for which a bill of sale, title or registration can be provided.
Total height	For purposes of the renewable energy regulations of Chapter 20.03, vertical distance from the ground level to the tip of a wind generator blade when the tip is at its highest point of a wind generator or the highest point of the overall structure. (Section 20.03.036 Renewable energy)
Tower	A monopole, freestanding, or guyed structure that supports a wind generator. (20.03.036 Renewable energy)
Tower height	For purposes of the renewable energy regulations of Chapter 20.03, height above grade of the fixed portion of the tower, excluding the wind turbine itself. (Section 20.03.036 Renewable energy)
Tower	Any structure that is designed and constructed primarily for the purpose of supporting one or more antennas for telephone, radio and similar communication purposes, including self-supporting lattice towers, guyed towers, or monopole towers. The term includes radio and television transmission towers, microwave towers, common-carrier towers, cellular telephone towers, alternative tower structures, and the like. The term includes the structure and any structural support.
Trailer	A vehicle without motive power designed to carry property or passengers wholly on its own structure and to be drawn by a motor vehicle.
Transfer Station	A fixed facility where non-hazardous wastes are taken from collection vehicles, temporarily stored, and ultimately relocated to a permanent disposal site. It does not include an incineration facility.
Transportation passenger terminal	Facilities for passenger transportation operations, and holding facilities, which includes rail stations, bus terminals, urban and regional transit stations and scenic and sightseeing facilities, but does not include airports and heliports. This includes incidental maintenance and accessory parking facilities. This does not include bus shelters, which are permitted in all districts.
Travel trailer	A vehicular, portable structure built on a chassis, designed to be used as a temporary dwelling for travel, recreation and vacation use, having a body width not exceeding eight feet and body length not exceeding 32 feet.
Truck	A motor vehicle used for the transportation or delivery of goods with a body built and designed for that purpose, and every motor vehicle designed and used primarily for drawing a trailer or other vehicle, and is not constructed so as to carry a load other than part of the weight of the trailer or vehicle drawn.
Truck stop	A facility oriented to the servicing of, and sale of fuel to truckers, and providing support facilities for truck drivers.
Tuck-under garages	Garages dedicated for use by residents of individual units within a multi-family building, such as a townhome or apartment complex, that occupy the first floor (either partially or in its entirety) of a multi-floor building and are usually clustered into large groups of garages with each unit's garage being accessed via separate garage doors from the alley or street.
Turf grass	Any species of grass that grows together and can be mowed, planted and maintained in areas of pedestrian, aesthetic or recreational activity.
Uncovered structure	A structure with walls on at least two sides, and that does not have a roof.
Unenclosed structure	A structure that has no walls and is designed principally for outdoor use, such as a deck, porch, patio, or trellis.
Unit	Any portion of real property designated for separate use.
Urban agriculture	Includes—(1) Community Garden: A site operated and maintained by a group to cultivate trees, herbs, fruits, vegetables, flowers, or other ornamental foliage for the following uses: personal use, consumption, donation or off site sale of items grown on the site. (2) Crop/limited agriculture: An area of land managed and maintained by an individual or group of individuals to grow and harvest food crops, horticultural and limited animal products (including flowers, trees, bees and apiary products, and chickens) for off-site sale in locations where retail sales are an allowed use. Crop/limited agriculture may be a principal or accessory use. (3) Community supported agriculture: An area of land managed and maintained by an individual or group of individuals to grow and harvest food and/or horticultural products for shareholder consumption or for sale or donation. This does not include a personal garden.
Urban Winery	A bonded winery facility where a building is utilized to convert fruit juices to wine from grapes grown at a remote location transported to the facility within the city for aging, bottling, storing, distribution and selling of said wine. An urban winery includes crushing, fermenting and refermenting, bottling, blending, bulk and bottle storage, aging, shipping, receiving, laboratory equipment and maintenance facilities, sales, and administrative office functions, and may include tasting and promotional events.
Utility, major	A building or other structure for water supply or wastewater treatment or the production of electricity, steam, air conditioning, hot water or chilled water for consumption by the general public.
Utility, minor	All lines and facilities related to the provision, distribution, collection, transmission, or disposal of water, storm water, communications, electricity, transportation, gas, steam, and similar public services, and may include storage for vehicles and equipment necessary to provide those services. This includes facilities that are necessary to support legally established uses and involve only minor structures such as electrical distribution lines, switch boxes, transformer boxes, cap banks, and underground water and sewer lines. This does not include "communications facility" or "wireless communication tower" as defined below, which refer to the point of transmission rather than distribution systems such as cable networks.
Vehicle	An automobile, truck, boats watercraft, motorcycle, motorbike, recreational vehicle, snowmobile, tractor, or similar item, but not to include machinery or heavy equipment.
Vehicle rentals	A facility for the rental of automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, trailers, motor homes and RVs, marine equipment, boats, and recreational watercraft. This includes accessory parts and supplies, storage and incidental maintenance.
Vehicle sales	A facility for the sale of automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, trailers, motor homes and RV's, marine equipment, boats and recreational watercraft. This includes accessory parts and supplies, storage and incidental maintenance.
Vehicle towing and storage facility	Establishments primarily engaged in towing light or heavy motor vehicles, along with incidental services such as storage and emergency road repair services.
Vertical mixed use	Refers to two or more land-use types within a building, occurring on different floors. A typical example of a vertical mixed-use building would incorporate active uses such as stores, offices, and restaurants at the street level and residential and/or office uses on the upper floors.
Visible light transmittance	An optical property that indicates the amount of visible light transmitted. The higher the visible transmittance, the more light is transmitted. A high visible transmittance is desirable to maximize daylight.
Wall	See "Fence or Wall."
Warehousing, distribution, and storage	The storage of goods, for the transfer or sale to other firms, including activities involving significant storage and movement of products or equipment. All storage activities are indoor. *See outdoor storage for storage activities that are not indoors.
Water harvesting system	Any combination of techniques that results in storm or flood waters captured on site, for later plant use or return to the water table.
Weather or environmental monitoring station	A facility with instruments and equipment that measures atmospheric conditions (typically to provide current weather information or a basis for weather forecasts), air or water quality, soil conditions, or similar variables.
Wedding chapel	A facility which is principally rented to perform wedding ceremonies. Facilities may include a chapel, dressing rooms, offices, reception facilities, and/or gardens.
Wholesale distribution, warehousing and storage	The storage of goods, and the sale of goods to other firms for resale, including activities involving significant storage and movement of products or equipment. All storage activities are indoor. This may include fulfillment centers that combine storage with call centers.
Wind energy conversion systems (WECS)	Equipment that converts and then stores or transfers energy from the wind into usable forms of energy. This equipment is the aggregation of parts including the base, foundation, tower, generator, nacelle, rotor, blades, supports, guy wires and accessory equipment such as utility interconnect and battery banks, or other components used in the system.
Wind generator	Blades and associated mechanical and electrical conversion components mounted on top of the tower.
Winery	A bonded agricultural facility comprising a building or buildings used to convert fruit juices (all or part of which are produced on the property) to wine, and to age, bottle, store, distribute and sell said wine. A winery, for the purposes of this section, includes crushing, fermenting and refermenting, bottling, blending, bulk and bottle storage, aging, shipping, receiving, laboratory equipment and maintenance facilities, sales, and administrative office functions, and may include tasting and promotional events.
Wireless communication tower or antenna	An antenna, alternative tower structure, and/or tower constructed and operated pursuant to Section 20.03.046, not to include small wireless communications facilities. This definition is intended to encompass traditional macro wireless communications towers and associated structures, not small wireless facilities also known as small cell structures.
Yard	The space on a property or parcel extending from the principal building to the nearest lot line.
Yard, exterior side	The areas between the side wall of the principle building and side property line abutting a street right-of-way on corner lots.
Yard, front	The yard lying between the front wall of the principal building and the front property line and extending across the full width of the lot or parcel.
Yard, interior side	The area between the side wall of the building and the property line not abutting a street right-of-way.
Yard, rear	The yard between the principal building and the rear line and extending across the full width of the lot or parcel.
Yard, side	The yard between the side lot line and the principal building and extending from the front yard line to the rear yard line.

Section 20.08.003 - Abbreviations.

ADA	Americans with Disabilities Act, 42 USC Subsection 12181 et seq., Pub. L 101-336 and implementing regulations at 28 C.F.R. parts 35 and 36
BRT	Bus rapid transit
CFR	Code of Federal Regulations
Ft. or ′	foot or feet
HUD	United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
LOMR	Letter of Map Revision (see Floodplain Ordinance)
Max.	Maximum; indicates that the value prescribed is the maximum allowed
Min.	Minimum; indicates that the value prescribed is the minimum required
MPO	The federally designated Metropolitan Planning Organization, or the Regional Transportation Commission of Washoe County
MUTCD	Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices published by the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration
NRS	Nevada Revised Statutes
Sf	Square feet
TOD	Transit Oriented Development
USC	United States Code

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.004 - Technical references.

Document/,qa>Regulation	Reference
AASHTO Green Book	American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), A Policy on the Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (6th Edition 2011)
AASHTO Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities	AASHTO, Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities (4th ed. 2012)
ADA Standards for Accessible Design	2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design (United States Department of Justice, September 15, 2010), as amended.
American Standard for Nursery Stock	American Nursery and Landscape Association, American Standard for Nursery Stock (ANSI Z60.1-2004, Approved May 12, 2004)
Building Code	The City's adopted building code (SMC 15.05.100, currently the 2012 Edition of the International Building Code (IBC), chapters 2 through 35 together with Appendix Chapters C, E, I, and J)
Fire Code	The City's adopted fire code (SMC 14.05.0010, currently the International Fire Code, 2012 edition, including Appendix Chapters A—I)
NAR	Nevada Administrative Regulations. Any reference to a state administrative regulations refers to any amendment to that regulation, unless otherwise provided.
NRS	Nevada Revised Statutes. Any reference to a Nevada Statute refers to any amendment to that statute, unless otherwise provided.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.005 - Zoning district boundaries.

Where uncertainty exists as to the boundaries of zoning districts, as shown, the following apply:

In the event of further uncertainty, the Administrator shall interpret intent as to the boundary location.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.006 - Vacated rights-of-way.

If a dedicated street or alley is abandoned, the regulations applicable to abutting properties apply to that portion of such right-of-way vacated.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.007 - Severability.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.008 - Relationship to other laws.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Sparks City Zoning Code

CHAPTER 20

08 - DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS

Section 20.08.001 - Rules of interpretation.

Unless context requires otherwise, the words and terms defined in this chapter have the meaning ascribed to them in this chapter.

All words and terms used in this Title which are defined in the Planning Act (NRS Chapter 278) are used in this Title as so defined.

The term "building," "structure," "area," "lot" or "parcel" includes all or part of the building, structure, area, lot, or parcel unless otherwise indicated.

The phrase "up to" means a maximum of. For example, a subdivision that is allowed "up to five lots per acre" may not include more than five lots per acre.

See SMC Chapter 1 for additional rules of interpretation.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.002 - Definitions.

The words, terms and phrases used in this title are below.

Accent material	Material that is secondary to the primary building material in terms of its quantity, or that contrasts with the primary building material. Accent materials generally cover 25 percent or less of the wall elevation.
Accessory building	A detached building or structure which is subordinate to, and the use of which is incidental to that of the Principal Building, structure or use of the same parcel or lot of land.
Accessory commercial use (for multiple family residential zoning districts)	A retail sales facility designed to serve as an accessory use to a multiple residential complex, serve the residents of the complex and the surrounding area and not draw from outside of the immediate area surrounding the complex.
Accessory dwelling unit	An ADU is a dwelling unit that is accessory to a principal single-family dwelling unit on the same lot. This includes a building or part of a building that provides complete independent living facilities for one or more people, including a kitchen, living room, bathroom, and bedroom, and that is (1) attached to the principal dwelling, or (2) located in a detached building on the same lot.
Accessory retail, office, or recreational use	A retail, office, or recreational use that is subordinate to and incidental to the primary use, that primarily serves the employees of the primary use, and occupies no more than 20 percent of the square footage of the primary use in the I District and no more than 10 percent of the square footage of the primary use in every other zone district. (Ord. 2417, Add, 11/10/2008)
Accessory structure	A structure that is subordinate in scale and function to the main structure or principal use. Examples include porches, sheds, garages, play houses (excluding tree houses and play equipment), mail boxes, bird houses, and greenhouses. An accessory structure may be attached to or detached from the main structure, and either fixed in place or temporary.
Accessory use	A use that (1) is necessarily and customarily associated with the principal use, (2) is appropriate and incidental to the principal use, (3) is subordinate to the principal use in area, extent or purpose, and (4) contributes to the comfort, convenience or necessity of occupants, business or industry in the principal building or principal use served.
Adjacent	Abuts, is contiguous to or shares a common boundary. Includes a lot or parcel of land that shares all or part of a common lot line with another lot or parcel of land.
Administrative review	A review which is required as a prerequisite to the issuance of building permits, whenever a conditional use permit is not required, for commercial and industrial building additions, for new multiple-family residential, new commercial or industrial construction, the enlargement of a nonconforming use (20.06.003), and for outdoor storage (20.03.044).
Administrator	The official charged with the duty and authority to administer this Title and any person to whom he has delegated applicable powers and duties.
Adult book store	An establishment having, as a substantial or significant portion of its stock in trade, videos, books, magazines and other periodicals which are distinguished or characterized by their emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" or an establishment with a segment or section devoted to the sale or display of that material.
Adult business	Includes any adult book store, adult drive-in theater, adult hotel or motel, adult mini motion picture theater, adult motion picture arcade, adult motion picture theater, adult motion picture arcade, or cabaret. (See Chapter 20.08 for definitions). 1. An "adult business" includes any other business or establishment which offers its patrons services or entertainment characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas.
Adult day care	A licensed establishment operated and maintained to provide care or supervision during the day, such as social activities, minor health care assessments, meals, and recreation, for five or more persons 18 years of age or older. The facility may not be used as a residence. The definition does not include halfway houses for recovering alcohol and drug abusers.
Adult drive-in theater	A drive-in theater used to present materials distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" for observation by patrons in the theater.
Adult hotel or motel	A hotel or motel which rents for less than ten hours, where material is presented which is distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas."
Adult mini motion picture theater	An enclosed building with a capacity for less than 50 persons used to present material distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" for observation by patrons in the building.
Adult motion picture arcade	Any place to which the public is permitted or invited where coin or slug-operated or electronically, electrically or mechanically controlled still or motion picture machines, projectors or other image-producing devices are maintained to show images to five or fewer persons per machine at any one time, and where the images displayed are distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on depicting or describing "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas."
Adult motion picture theater	An enclosed building with a capacity of 50 or more persons used to present material distinguished or characterized by their emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" for observation by patrons in the building.
Advertising sign	Any advertisement making a material or service known and located at the place of sale.
Affiliate	An entity which owns or controls, is owned or controlled by, or is under common ownership with a franchisee or current or former owner of a communication tower, antenna or backhaul network.
Alley	A public thoroughfare or way that provides a secondary means of access to a lot or parcel, running perpendicular to street and to the rear or side of the lot or parcel.
Alteration	Any exterior change or modification through public or private action of any historical property or resource on the local register or located within a historical district. The term "alteration" shall include any change or modification that affects the exterior visual qualities of the property or resource, and the removal of historical resources from the property or district as well as disturbances to archaeological sites. Alteration does not include routine maintenance or the attachment of temporary fixtures.
Alternative tower	Existing buildings, man-made trees, clock towers, steeples, light poles and similar alternative-design mounting structures that camouflage or conceal the presence of antennas or towers.
Animal service	A building or area where animals are boarded, groomed, bred, or trained, or given medical care or recreational activities. This includes any kennel, animal hospital, animal grooming, veterinarian, animal spa, or animal shelter that provides temporary housing of stray, abandoned, abused, neglected or unwanted domestic animals.
Animal services, indoor	An animal service (including a veterinary services) that occurs entirely within an enclosed building, and where animals are not boarded overnight.
Animal services, overnight (whether indoor or outdoor)	Any animal service (including veterinary service or kennel) that has overnight boarding or outdoor confinement or exercise areas.
Antenna	Any exterior transmitting or receiving device mounted on a tower, building or structure and used in communications that radiate or capture electromagnetic waves, digital signals, analog signals, radio frequencies (excluding radar signals), wireless telecommunications signals or other communication signals.
Apartment house	See "multi-family dwelling."
Application	Any application for approval of a development or use filed under Chapter 20.05 of this Title.
Archaeological site	An area where remains of man or his activities prior to keeping of history are still evident.
Assisted living	A residence that primarily serves the elderly and provides rooms, meals and may provide personal care and supervision of self-administered medication. These establishments do not have on-site nursing care facilities. They may provide other services, such as recreational activities, financial services and transportation.
Auction house	An enclosed establishment for the temporary storage and offering by an auctioneer of qualified property which is offered or sold to the highest bidder by means of a request or invitation for bids. For purposes of this description, the term "qualified property" means property of any kind belonging to another, but excluding animals, motor vehicles and business inventory to be liquidated following or in connection with the closing of a business. This use does not include a secondhand dealer.
Auto and truck repair (heavy)	An establishment as defined in "auto and truck repair (light)," and that may also provide major mechanical and body work, straightening of body parts, body repairs, battery rebuilding, painting, welding, short term (less than 72 hours) storage of automobiles not in operating condition, outdoor work on vehicles, or other work involving noise, glare, fumes, smoke, or other characteristics to an extent greater than normally found in auto service stations.
Auto and truck repair (light)	An area used for general maintenance activities including but not limited to replacement of filters, fluids, light bulbs, belts, fuses, and tire; emissions testing; and similar activities. Includes smog shops, or stations authorized to perform emissions tests and complete emissions-related repairs as long as the station has a 2G license from the State of Nevada. Other stations with a 1G license from the State of Nevada, may perform tests but are prohibited from performing emissions-related repairs. Includes emissions testing services that test the emissions of automobiles or other vehicles to determine compliance with state or federal emissions requirements.
Auto and truck repair use	Includes auto and truck repair (heavy) and auto and truck repair (light), as defined above.
Auto detail	Cleaning of passenger vehicles that is predominantly done by hand. The activities are primarily conducted inside a tenant space and not associated with an automated car wash.
Automated teller machine, stand-alone	An automated teller machine that is at a location separate from the controlling financial institution.
Automobile parking area	A fully accessible space for the parking of an automobile.
Backhaul network	The lines that connect a provider's towers/cell sites to one or more cellular telephone switching offices, and/or long distance providers, or the public switched telephone network.
Bail bond services	An office that engages in the sale or issuance of bail bonds or other financial transfers for the purpose of securing the release from jail of an accused defendant pending trial.
Banks	See "Financial Institutions."
Bar/lounge	An establishment or part of an establishment used primarily for the sale of alcoholic beverages where the beverages are consumed on the premises, or the consumption of tobacco or similar products. This includes taverns, brewpubs, microbreweries, hookah lounges, or distilleries where food and drink are served on the premises.
Bed and breakfast	An owner-occupied house, or part of a house, where no more than four rooms (for a total of eight guests) are provided for short-term (one night to two weeks) lodging, and where breakfast-only meals are provided for compensation.
Bike share kiosk	A station or area where bicycles are stored for rental to the general public, typically as part of a bike sharing program. A bike share kiosk may be enclosed, partially enclosed or unenclosed. This does not include a retail shop where bicycles are repaired or sold.
Billboard	An outdoor advertisement making material or service known, where the advertisement is remote from point of sale of the material or service.
Boarding/rooming house	A building or part of a building where, for compensation, meals and/or lodging are provided for more than three guests. Examples include fraternities, sororities, or dorms. This use type does not include a hotel, motel, or multi-family building. A multifamily building includes separate dwelling units occupied by a single household, while a boarding house includes separate households sharing kitchen facilities.
Boat	A vehicle for traveling in or on water.
Bodily fluid collection services	A clinic and/or laboratory intended for the collection, testing and/or distribution of human specimens (e.g. blood plasma, breast milk, and sperm).
Buffer zone	A strip of land established to separate and protect one type of land use from another to screen other properties from objectionable noise, smoke, or visual impact or to provide for future public improvements or additional open space.
Building and landscaping materials supplier	A business that sells building materials or landscaping where the majority of sales are wholesale transactions to other firms, not retail sales.
Building frontage	The length of the face or wall of a completely enclosed and permanent building on a site which fronts directly on a public or private street or right-of-way.
Building ground floor area	The area of the ground floor enclosed within the walls of all buildings on the site.
Building maintenance services	An establishment providing carpet cleaning, carpentry, roofing, exterminator, glazing, janitorial services, electrical repair, plumbing, heating and air conditioning, upholstery, painting and paper hanging, sign painting, or packing and crating.
Building mass	The three-dimensional bulk of a building height, width, and depth.
Building material sales and services	Retailing, wholesaling or rental of building supplies or construction equipment. Examples include lumberyards, home improvement sales and services, tool and equipment sales or rental establishments.
Building Scale	The size and proportion of a building relative to surrounding buildings and environs, adjacent streets, and pedestrians.
Bus rapid transit (BRT)	A system that allows bus vehicles to operate on a right-of-way that is largely separated from other types of traffic.
Bus rapid transit (BRT) route	The BRT ROUTE for the corridor shall be as identified in the Multi-Modal Framework Plan chapter of the adopted TOD Corridor Master Plan.
Business	An operation conducted by an individual, partnership or corporation which functions as a single enterprise or activity or is owned or operated by a single individual, partnership or corporation.
Cabana	Any portable, demountable, or permanent cabin, room, enclosure or other building erected, constructed or placed on any mobile home lot, mobile home space or recreational vehicle space within six feet of any principal building.
Cabaret	For purposes of this Section only, a nightclub, theater or other establishment which features as its primary entertainment live performances by topless and/or bottomless dancers, "go-go" dancers, exotic dancers, strippers, or similar entertainers.
Call center	An establishment primarily engaged in answering telephone calls and relaying messages to clients or in initiating or receiving communications for telemarketing purpose, such as promoting clients' products or services, taking orders for clients, or soliciting contributions or providing information for clients. These centers may operate with extended hours and typically have a higher density of employees per square foot than traditional office uses.
Camping trailer	A folding structure usually made of canvas, mounted on wheels and designed for travel, recreation and vacation use.
Car wash	Vehicle cleaning, washing, and testing. It does not include the additional activities permitted in "auto repair shop."
Carport	An accessory building having one or more open sides, used by occupants of a dwelling unit to park automobiles.
Catastrophic event	An event that is beyond the property owner's ability to control, and renders historical resources hazardous or destroyed beyond repair. The term "catastrophic event" shall not include the results of improper or insufficient owner maintenance or corrections that can be accomplished through reasonable measures.
Cemetery	A burial ground for the interment of the human dead. This includes any burial ground or mausoleum.
Central accessory building	A structure housing toilet, lavatory and such other facilities as required or permitted by ordinance.
Certificate of appropriateness	A certificate issued by the Sparks Historic Resources Commission approving alteration, restoration, construction, removal, or relocation, in whole or in part, of or to a property on the local register as a historic site or to an improvement within a historical district as established by this chapter.
Child care facility	A "child care facility" as defined by NRS Chapter 432A.
Child care, in-home	A child care facility located in a dwelling unit that includes no more than the number of children two care givers may care for in accordance with the Washoe County Department of Social Services, Regulations for Child Care Facilities 24.4 [staff-to-child ratio].
Church or worship center	A place of religious worship and instruction. Accessory uses requiring independent approval include (1) an associated private school, and (2) a child care in the main building or the same lot as the church or worship center that accepts customers not attending the church, recreational facilities, dormitories or other facilities for temporary or permanent residences. Child care facilities located in the main building that are used only during worship services, for persons attending the service, are considered accessory to the church and do not require independent approval. For purposes of this section, "religious worship" includes any "religious exercise" as defined by the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA), 42 U.S.C. § 2000cc-5.
Clearing	The removal of vegetation, topsoil or other surface materials from a site.
Co-generation facility	A facility that produces heat or electricity using waste energy from a primary industrial use.
College	A post-secondary educational institution authorized to award associate, baccalaureate, or higher degrees, or a seminary.
Collocation	The sharing of structures by two or more wireless service providers.
Common open space	Open space within a single unified development which is owned, designed, and set aside for all occupants of the development or by occupants of designated portions of the development. Common open space is not dedicated for public use and is owned and maintained by a private organization made up of the residents and owners of the development. Common open space may include lakes and wetlands but does not include that area which is set aside and dedicated as a public park site.
Community care facilities for the elderly	Establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of residential and personal care services for (1) the elderly who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly who do not desire to live independently. The care typically includes room, board, supervision, and assistance in daily living, such as housekeeping services. In some instances, these establishments provide skilled nursing care for residents in separate on-site facilities.
Congregate housing	Establishments that serve meals and other services in low-income and federally subsidized housing or nonsubsidized housing facilities. Services include housekeeping, laundry, transportation, recreational programs, and other convenience services.
Conditional Use Permit	A permit required as a prerequisite to the establishment of certain uses in certain zoning districts. Uses requiring a conditional use permit are specified in the Use Table (20.02.013)
Construction	Any grading, installation of improvements, erection or placement of structures, or assembly of equipment or materials to be used in any of those activities.
Continuing care retirement communities	These establishments are primarily engaged in providing a range of residential and personal care services with on-site nursing care facilities for (1) the elderly and other persons who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly and other persons who do not desire to live independently. Individuals live in a variety of residential settings with meals, housekeeping, social, leisure, and other services available to assist residents in daily living. Assisted living facilities with on-site nursing care facilities are included in this industry.
Contractor shop	The offices and/or storage facilities for a specialized trade related to construction.
Convenience store	Establishments that retail a limited line of goods that generally includes milk, bread, soda, and snacks. Fuel sales are allowed as an accessory use. Automotive repair is also allowed if it is listed as a permitted use in the applicable zoning district.
Construction yard	An area temporarily used to store construction materials, supplies, equipment, tools, stock piling and recycling of useable construction materials and other permitted items, including temporary storage containers, construction trailers, and temporary office trailers.
Copy center	Includes blueprinting, printing, photostatting, copying, packaging, labelling, and similar services.
Correctional institutions	A facility where persons are detained pending adjudication or confined under sentences of two years or less provided that the facility is operated by a law enforcement agency or under contract with the state, City, Washoe County or a federal agency. Examples include community correctional facilities, correctional facilities or juvenile detention facilities.
Courier and messenger services	Establishments primarily engaged in providing air, surface, or combined mode courier services, express delivery services of parcels, or local messenger and delivery services of small items, with local pick-up and delivery. Examples include air courier services, express delivery services; local delivery services for letters, documents, or small parcels; grocery delivery services (i.e., independent service from grocery store), or restaurant meals delivery services.
Craft distillery	An establishment which: (a) manufactures distilled spirits from agricultural raw materials through distillation; and (b) is authorized to sell those distilled spirits pursuant to the provisions of NRS Chapter 597. (Source: NRS 597.200)
Crematorium	The building or portion of a building that houses the chamber for cremation (as defined in NRS 642.011) and the holding facility. The crematorium is subject the locational requirements of NRS 451.635.
Cultural institution	An institution engaged primarily in the performing arts or in the display or preservation of objects of interest in the arts or sciences that are open to the public on a regular basis. Examples include performing arts centers for theater, dance and events, museums, historical sites, art galleries, libraries, zoos, aquariums and observatories.
Cutting	Shaping of the land surface through the excavation of soil, rock or other materials.
Data center	A facility used primarily to store, manage, process, and transmit digital data, which houses computer and/or network equipment, systems, servers, appliances and other associated components related to digital data operations. The facility may also include air handlers, power generators, water cooling and storage facilities, utility substations, and other associated utility infrastructure to support sustained operations at a data center.
Data processing, hosting, and related services (including data centers)	Establishments that provide infrastructure for hosting or data processing services. These establishments may provide specialized hosting activities, such as web hosting, streaming services or application hosting; provide application service provisioning; or may provide general timeshare mainframe facilities to clients. Data processing establishments provide complete processing and specialized reports from data supplied by clients or provide automated data processing and data entry services.
Demolition	Any intentional act that destroys, in whole or in part, a historical resource on the local register or contained within a historical district as established by this chapter.
Department	The Community Development Department of the City.
Design regulations	A detailed design text which includes, but is not limited to, the following components:
	• Project description, legal description, and preliminary title report.
	• Project goals and policies, specifically related to NRS 278A.020.
	• Master plan, physical concept, and layout.
	• architecture manual - text and graphic displays which include, but not limited to, the following: architectural standards, landscape programs including streetscapes and entry statements, and building locations and orientations
	• Protective covenants, conditions, and restrictions in draft form.
	• A soils/geotechnical investigation report prepared by a qualified Nevada registered engineer or qualified Nevada engineering geologist including conclusions and recommendations regarding rippability, slope grading and stabilizing, foundation design and seismic and other geological hazards, as necessary for the property, subject to approval of scope by the Administrator. (In appendix)
	• Circulation and access diagrams.
	• Grading and erosion control provisions.
	• storm drainage master plan. (in appendix)
	• Provisions for water supply.
	• Sewer report (In appendix).
	• Traffic impacts.
	• Fire prevention.
	• Access to adjacent public lands.
	• Cultural resource/archeological review. (in appendix)
Development	Any construction or any division of land.
Development project	The use of land, buildings and structures on any property in the City subject to this Title, except single-family dwellings and two-family dwellings. and includes new developments, Planned Developments, and the expansion of existing developments.
Dimensional standards	The zoning district regulations that govern lot, setback, coverage, density and height.
Distribution center	A facility that stores merchandise for distribution to businesses or customers, but that does not fulfill orders directly from customers at that location.
Domestic household pet	Any animal generally domesticated by humans, including: dogs of the species Canis Familiarizes; cats of the species Felis Catus;; gerbils, hamsters, guinea pigs, mice, rats, squirrels, chipmunks or similar rodent-like mammals, but not to include ferrets or animals which are considered a high risk species, as defined in this section; domestic rabbits, but not those being used for commercial purposes or for food production; Vietnamese potbellied pigs (Sus Scrofa Vittatus) that are spayed or neutered upon reaching maturity; domesticated fowl or birds; non-venomous reptiles, which, at maturity, are less than 3½ feet in length or weigh less than five lbs. and are kept in a confined space; or any fish kept in an aquarium or proper facility.
Drive-through business	A business which provides a window or other area where customers of the business may obtain goods or services while remaining in a vehicle.
Dwelling or dwelling unit	Any building used exclusively for residential purposes. This does not include hotels, clubs, boarding or rooming houses, fraternity or sorority houses, institutions or mobile homes.
Dwelling, single-family detached	A building containing one kitchen designed or used or designed and used to house not more than one family, including necessary employees of the family. This category includes only those dwelling units that comply with the City's building code, whether built on site or in a factory (commonly referred to as "modular homes"), and factory-built housing as defined in NRS 278.0209.
Dwelling, two-family (duplex)	A building containing up to two kitchens designed and/or used to house two families, living independently of each other.
Electric theft deterrent device	Fences and appurtenant devices, including, but not limited to, fences and devices used for theft deterrence consisting of single strands of wire supported by posts or other fixtures, which have an electrical charge or are connected to a source of electrical current and which are so designed or placed that a person coming into contact with the conductive element of the fence receives an electrical shock.
Elevation	The external faces of a building, or a mechanically accurate, "head-on" drawing of any external vertical plane or façade of a building or object, without any allowance for the effect of the laws of perspective.
Email	An electronic message or an executable program or computer file that contains an image of a message that is transmitted between two or more computers or electronic terminals, including electronic messages that are transmitted within or between computer networks.
Entertainment facility/theater	An establishment where the primary source of revenue is derived from live or recorded performances shown or played for the amusement of an audience. Examples include theaters, music clubs and dance halls.
Erosion	The process where soil particles are detached and transported by water, wind, ice or gravity.
Event center/banquet hall	An establishment rented by individuals or groups to accommodate private functions (such as banquets, weddings, graduation parties, anniversaries, business or retirement luncheons, trade shows, and similar events). The may include: 1) kitchen facilities for the preparation or catering of food; 2) the sale of alcoholic beverages for on-premises consumption, only during scheduled events and not open to the general public; and 3) outdoor gardens or reception facilities.
Evergreen	Any plant with foliage that persists and remains year-round.
Excavating	Mechanical displacement of earth material.
Exhibition, convention, or conference facility	A facility used for assemblies or meetings of the members or representatives of a group, such as convention centers and banquet halls. This does not include clubs, lodges or other meeting facilities of private or non-profit groups that are primarily used by group members.
Exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS)	AN exterior cladding system composed of an adhesively or mechanically fastened foam insulation board, reinforcing mesh, a base coat, and an outer finish coat. EIFS is available in various colors and external textures designed to look like traditional stucco. Also known as "synthetic stucco."
FAA	The Federal Aviation Administration.
Façade	Any side of a building that faces a street, parking lot, or other open space. The "front façade" is the front of a building.
Family	Includes: One person living alone, at least two persons related by blood, marriage or legal adoption, a group of up to 4 persons living as a single housekeeping unit, or a family foster home, independent living foster home (with up to four unrelated children between 16 and 18 years of age), or specialized foster home as defined in NRS Chapter 424; or up to ten unrelated persons with a disability, as defined in 42 U.S.C. § 3602, along with related or unrelated house parents or guardians of those persons and any additional persons who are related to the house parents or guardians within the third degree of consanguinity or affinity. A family includes necessary employees of the family, such as household servants.
Farm or ranch	An area used to raise or grow, till, move or extract soils on-site and market on a wholesale or commercial scale poultry, rabbits, livestock, tree and bush crops, vegetable gardens, nursery stock and field crops.
Farmers' market	An outdoor retail event, certified by the Nevada Farmers' Association or a similar organization.
FCC	Federal Communications Commission.
Fence or wall	A freestanding structure intended to provide privacy, protection or confinement or to redirect a person's direction of travel.
Filling	Mechanical displacement of earth material.
Final development plan	A plan which executes the specific development scheme established in the preliminary development plan and design regulations. The final development plan must show the location of all structures and lots in sufficient detail to permit recordation and preparation of construction drawings. The final development plan shall also include:
	• A development plan compliant with tentative approval
	• Any tentative or final subdivision plat required for land division and dedications.
	• Design regulations compliant with tentative approval.
	• Final project governance documents.
Fixture	A decorative or functional device that is permanently affixed to a site or the exterior of a structure which contributes to the site or structures ability to meet historical designation criteria. The term "permanently affixed" shall include, but not be limited to, attachment by screws, bolts, pegs, nails or glue, and may include such attachment methods as rope, glass or leather, if such material is integral to the design of the device.
Fleet services	See "Ground Passenger Transportation."
Food preparation	A business that prepares food and beverages for off-site consumption, including delivery services. Examples include catering kitchens, bakeries with on-site retail sales and the small-scale production of specialty foods, such as sweets.
Franchisee	The person, firm or corporation to whom or which a franchise has been granted by the Sparks City Council or the lawful successor, transferee or assignee of said person, firm or corporation. This definition also includes any person, firm or corporation who purchases, leases or otherwise subsequently acquires an existing antenna, tower or interest in such.
Fraternal club/lodge/community service facility	A building and related facilities owned or operated by a corporation, association or group of individuals established for the fraternal, social, education, recreational or cultural enrichment of its members and not primarily for profit and whose members pay dues and meet certain prescribed qualifications for membership. Includes any "fraternal club" as defined by Municipal Code Section 5.28.010 ("An establishment which: (1) keeps, conducts and maintains an establishment solely for bona fide fraternal, social, recreational, benevolent or athletic purposes, and not for pecuniary gain; (2) does not traffic in alcoholic beverages for profit; (3) dispenses alcoholic beverages to its members or bona fide guests only; and (4) does not maintain or possess a public bar or place for the sale of alcoholic beverages to the public.")
Freight facilities	Distribution facilities upon which storage and warehousing of cargo is incidental to the primary function of freight shipment, and not to include any display of goods for either retail sale or wholesale. Includes both railway and truck freight transfers.
Freight terminal or brokerage	See "freight facilities."
Front property line	The narrowest property dimension adjoining on a public or private street, subject to a determination by the Administrator. In the case of corner lots, it is the property line that adjoins the street where the property is addressed. The property's frontage refers to the property's width at the front property line.
Front yard parking area	An area that includes the driveway, and the area between the driveway and the nearest side lot line, but does not include the area typically used for landscaping between the driveway and the farthest side lot line. If the residence has no driveway, the term "front yard" does not include the entire area between the residence and the street providing the principal access.
Frontage	The property line, or lines, that front a public or private street or right of way.
Fuel distribution facility	See "fuel distribution or recycling."
Fuel distribution or recycling	A facility dedicated to: (1) wholesale or commercial fuel storage and distribution, including petroleum, biodiesel, propane, butane, natural gas, or other similar fuels, to vehicles, machinery, or heavy equipment, or (2) the collection, storage, and processing of waste oil product for conversion into useable fuel products such as biodiesel, and may include storage and sales of resulting useable fuels. This does not include auto service stations.
Fuel recycling facility	See "fuel distribution or recycling."
Fulfillment center	A business whose services include the fulfillment of orders placed directly by a customer, whether those orders are place by means of mail, fax, email, telephone, or an internet transaction, and that includes warehouse or storage facilities from which the goods are shipped. A business that fulfills order completely within an office, but that does not maintain a warehouse or storage facilities, is classified as an "office."
Funeral and interment services	A "funeral establishment" as defined in NRS 642.016. Examples include funeral parlors, mortuaries or columbaria. (Note: cemeteries are classified under Public/Civic/Institutional - Assembly, below).
Gaming establishment (non-restricted)	A resort hotel as defined in NRS 463.01865 and consisting of 16 or more slot machines or operation of any number of slot machines together with any game, gaming device, race book or sports pool at one establishment. A "nonrestricted gaming operation" in existence in Sparks as of January 23, 2006 need not meet the resort hotel requirement of this section.
Garage	An accessory building or portion of a Principal Building primarily used to store motor vehicles.
Gas station	An area used exclusively for retail sales of fuels or oils. This use may have storage tanks and pumps, minor vehicle service and repair facilities conducted inside the building, or an accessory car wash. It does not include body repairs or battery rebuilding. [compare "auto and truck repair"]
Geothermal gradient	The rate at which the Earth's temperature increases with depth, indicating outward heat flows from a hot interior.
Geothermal power	Power extracted from the heat stored in the earth used to generate electrical energy or used directly as a heating source.
Geothermal resources	Any groundwater, steam or other method of the earth's subsurface heat which is used for its thermal characteristics.
Gradient	The vertical rise of a slope over a horizontal distance, expressed as a percentage (rise over run).
Grading	Any clearing, excavating, cutting, filling or other earth moving operation.
Grocer/Food market	An establishment for retail sales of food and beverages for off-site preparation and consumption. Examples include supermarkets or specialty food stores. This category also includes large-scale stores that sell food items and beverages in bulk.
Gross revenues	Subject to federal, state, local law and any amendments, any and all receipts and revenues received directly or indirectly from all sources associated with the installation and operation of the antennas, towers and backhaul networks which are the subject of this chapter. This term does not include any taxes imposed upon business or residential customers or services utilized by any governmental unit, agency or instrumentality and collected by the owner, of the antenna, tower or backhaul network. This term does not include net uncollectible debts.
Ground passenger transportation (e.g. taxi, charter bus)	Establishments that provide passenger transportation by bus, charter bus, automobile, limousine, van, or shuttle. Some services (such as taxi) are not operated over regular routes and on regular schedules. Examples include charter bus, special needs transportation, taxicab owner/operators, taxicab fleet operators, or taxicab organizations. This does not apply to publicly operated bus or mass transit systems. Includes fleet services that store, maintain, repair, fuel, and service two or more vehicles owned by a single commercial or public entity.
Group home	A residential facility for groups of adults licensed by the State of Nevada under authority of NRS Chapter 449 (other than assisted living facilities). This includes any "group foster home" as defined by NRS 424.015 (note: a family foster home, independent living foster home, and specialized foster home are addressed under the definition of "family.")
HRC	The Historic Resources Commission consisting of five members appointed by the Mayor and confirmed by a majority vote of the City Council.
Hazardous waste transfer	A facility where hazardous or infectious waste is received and processed for transportation to another place for recycling, re-use, incineration or final disposal.
Health/fitness club	An establishment that offers exercise or weight control programs whether or not the business provides any other service. Examples include gymnasiums, martial arts schools, gymnastics schools, weight control establishments, health clubs, health spas, swimming pools, handball facilities, racquetball or tennis club facilities, tanning facilities, fitness facilities, and yoga or workout studios.
Hedge	A dense row of shrubs or low trees that form a barrier or boundary.
Height	Vertical distance from grade plane to the average height of the highest roof surface, as determined by the City's adopted building code. "Grade Plane" is a reference plane representing the average of finished ground level adjoining the building at exterior walls. Where the finished ground level slopes away from the exterior walls, the reference plane shall be established by the lowest points within the area between the building and the lot line or, where the lot line is more than 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building, between the building and a point 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building. When referring to a tower or other structure, the distance measured from the finished grade of the parcel to the highest point on the tower or other structure, including the base pad and any antenna.
Heliport/miscellaneous air transportation	Facilities intended solely for takeoff and landing of helicopters, or for miscellaneous transportation vehicles for scenic purposes such as balloons.
High risk species	Species such as the striped skunk, spotted skunk, raccoon, fox, bat, coyote, bobcat, badger, weasel and other high-risk transmitters of rabies.
Historic resources	Includes, but is not limited to, any object, building, structure, site, area, place, sign, landscape feature, record or manuscript which is listed on, or is eligible for listing on the National, State and/or Sparks Register of Historic Places.
Historic district	A geographically defined area, possessing a significant concentration, linkage, or continuity of sites, buildings, structures, or objects united by past events or aesthetically by plan of physical development that has been so designated in accordance with this chapter. A district may be comprised of individual elements separated geographically but linked by association or history.
Historic site	Any parcel or portion of real property that has a significant historical, cultural, or archaeological feature.
Homes for the elderly	This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing residential and personal care services (i.e., without on-site nursing care facilities) for (1) the elderly or other persons who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly or other persons who do not desire to live independently. The care typically includes room, board, supervision, and assistance in daily living, such as housekeeping services. These establishments may include assisted living facilities without on-site nursing care facilities, homes for the aged without nursing care, homes for the elderly without nursing care, old-age homes without nursing care, old soldiers' homes without nursing care, rest homes without nursing care, retirement homes without nursing care, and senior citizens' homes without nursing care.
House or home	See "Dwelling."
Hilltop or ridge	The peak or highest point of a topographic feature from which all water drains down.
Historic resources	Includes, but is not limited to, any object, building, structure, site, area, place, sign, landscape feature, record or manuscript which is listed on, or is eligible for listing on the Sparks Register of Historic Places.
Hospice	A facility to care for the terminally ill.
Hospital	A building designed and used for medical and surgical diagnosis, treatment and housing of persons under the care of doctors and nurses and supporting services such as gift shops, pharmacies, restaurants and laundromats. Rest homes, nursing homes, convalescent homes and clinics are not included.
Hydroseeding	The application of seed within a suspended liquid medium that is sprayed onto a prepared surface.
Impervious surface	A man-made structure or surface which prevents the infiltration of storm water into the ground below the structure or surface. Roads, buildings, tennis courts, roofs, driveways, patios, pools, decks, parking lots, and similar water shedding surfaces.
Improvement	Any place, building, structure, landscape feature or object, whether permanent or not, which constitutes a physical addition to real property.
Infill	Development on a vacant or substantially vacant tract of land surrounded by existing development.
Infill project	A development, redevelopment, or an expansion of more than 20 percent of the building area, on a parcel that is located in a previously developed area of the city where at least 80 percent of the land within a 300 foot radius has been developed, and where water, sewer, streets, schools, and fire protection have already been developed and provided.
Kitchen	A room used to cook or prepare food.
Landowner	The legal or beneficial owner or owners of all the land proposed to be included in a planned unit development. The holder of an option or contract of purchase, a lessee having a remaining term of not less than 30 years, or another person having an enforceable proprietary interest in the land is a landowner for the purposes of this chapter.
Landscaping or landscaped	A combination of turf grasses, trees, shrubs, hedges, vines, ground covers, and other living plant materials; inert materials such as decorative rock, bark, and wood chips; concrete curbing (or railroad ties or landscape timbers), permeable walkways, decks, patios, and similar amenities.
Large format retail	A retail building that exceeds 50,000 square feet in gross floor area.
Life care or continuing care services	An institution, residence or facility licensed by the State of Nevada that provides accommodation and personal assistance to more than three residents who are dependent on the services of others by reason of age and physical or mental impairment, and that is licensed to provide skilled nursing care. This category includes nursing homes, facilities for hospice care (as defined in NRS 449.0033), or assisted living facilities (as defined in NRS 422.2708). This use does not include: (a) An establishment which provides care only during the day; (b) A natural person who provides care for no more than two persons in his or her own home; (c) A natural person who provides care for one or more persons related to him or her within the third degree of consanguinity or affinity; (d) A halfway house for recovering alcohol and drug abusers; or (e) A facility funded by a division or program of the Department of Health and Human Services. (Reference: NRS 449.017) Note: a group home for persons with intellectual disabilities, up to a limited number of persons, is considered a single-family home under the "Residential" category above.
Liquor store	An establishment holding an on-premises or package alcoholic beverage license pursuant to Chapter 5.28 of the Municipal Code.
Live/work dwelling	A dwelling unit used for both dwelling purposes and a nonresidential use, where: (1) the building includes only one dwelling unit, and (2) the nonresidential space exceeds the area allowed for home occupations (see Chapter 20.03) and occupies no more than 1,500 square feet, and (3) the structure is designed or structurally modified to accommodate joint and integrated residential occupancy and work activities, including complete kitchen and sanitary facilities and working space reserved for and regularly used by one or more occupants of the unit.
Livestock	Any animal generally used for production, commercial or recreational purposes, including: all horses, mules, burros, asses, or animals of the equine species;; all cattle or animals of the bovine species; all swine or animals of the porcine species, except Vietnamese potbellied pigs; all goats or animals of the caprine species; all poultry and large fowl or birds (except as provided in Chapter 20.03; all sheep or animals of the ovine species; all llamas and animals of the lama species.
Living unit	A building or portion thereof containing one kitchen designed or used to house not more than one family, including necessary employees in the family.
Loading space	An off-street space or berth on the same lot with a building or contiguous to a group of buildings for the temporary parking of vehicles while handling merchandise or materials.
Lot	A distinct part or parcel of land divided with the intent to transfer ownership or for building purposes which abuts upon a means of access.
Lot depth	The distance between the front and rear lot lines.
Lot width	The distance between the side lot lines measured at right angles to the lot depth at a point midway between the front and rear line.
Machinery and heavy equipment sales and service	The retail sales and accessory repair of construction, agriculture, excavation, and similar machinery and equipment, including tractor-trailers.
Main building	See "principal building."
Main structure	The building or structure where the principal use of the lot is located. This includes any structures or buildings that are attached to the principal structure by a covered structure. Lots with multiple principal uses may have multiple main structures, but storage buildings, garages, and other clearly accessory uses are not considered main structures.
Main use	See "principal use."
Maintenance	With regard to the landscaping regulations in Chapter 20.04, any management required for the well-being of the plant and appearance of the landscaped area.
Maintenance and repair services	An establishment providing repair services for personal and household goods, such as household appliances, computers, television, audio or video equipment, office machines, furniture and leather goods. This classification excludes building maintenance services and maintenance and repair of automobiles and other vehicles and equipment.
Major transit corridors	In accordance with the Land Use Framework map and the Multi-Modal Framework map contained in the adopted TOD Corridor Master Plan, corridors with BRT routes and conceptual future fixed transit routes. Major transit corridors include Victorian Avenue and Prater Way.
Manager	With regard to the time-share regulations in Chapter 20.03, any person designated and employed pursuant to the time-share instrument to manage the time-share project.
Manufactured home dealers	Establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and/or used manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes), parts, and equipment.
Manufactured home lot	A portion of land within a mobile home subdivision used or intended to be used for parking of one mobile home, including required yards and parking area, attached or detached accessory building and open space.
Manufactured home park	A parcel or tract of land where the principal use is the rental, leasing or occupancy of space by two or more manufactured homes on a permanent or semi-permanent basis, and customary accessory buildings or uses such as clubhouses, laundries, manager's offices, maintenance storage, community swimming pools.
Manufactured home space	A portion of land within a mobile home park used or intended to be used for the parking of one mobile home, including required yards and parking area, attached or detached accessory buildings and open space.
Manufactured home subdivision	A subdivision of land, platted in conformance to NRS Chapter 278 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, and applicable city ordinances for the purpose of providing mobile home lots.
Massage establishment	Any establishment, including a private club or organization, where massage, as defined in Chapter 5.65 of this code, is given or offered for compensation. This definition shall not be construed to include. (1) A hospital or nursing home; (2) The office of a physician, surgeon, chiropractor, osteopath, psychologist, marriage and family counselor, physical therapist or nurse duly licensed by the state; (3) A barber or cosmetologist duly licensed by the state and who performs massage of the head, neck and shoulders only; (4) A public or private physical fitness facility which offers massage as a secondary service and no exterior signs advertise massage services. (5) A trade school which offers courses in a variety of occupational skills with no exterior signs advertising massage services.
Mechanically stabilized	Any artificial method of stabilizing a slope such as rip-rap, rockeries or retaining walls.
Media production	Establishments that produce, manufacture, arrange for the manufacture, or distribute motion pictures, videos, television programs, television commercials, and music and sound recordings. This includes specialized motion picture or video postproduction services, such as editing, film/tape transfers, titling, subtitling, credits, closed captioning, and computer-produced graphics, animation and special effects, and developing and processing motion picture film. Examples include motion picture film laboratories, stock footage film libraries, postproduction facilities, teleproduction services, and sound recording studios. It does not include graphics, editing, or similar work that occurs in an office (see Commercial/Mixed Use - Office category, above).
Medical marijuana dispensary	As defined by NRS Chapter 453A. [See NRS 453A.350]
Medical marijuana cultivation facility	A facility operated by a business registered with the State of Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health of the Department of Health and Human Services that acquires, possesses, cultivates, delivers, transfers, transports, supplies and/or sells marijuana and related products to medical marijuana dispensaries, facilities for production of edible marijuana or marijuana-infused products or other cultivation facilities.
Medical marijuana production facility	A facility operated by a business registered with the State of Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health of the Department of Health and Human Services that: acquires, possesses, or manufactures edible marijuana products; extracts oils from marijuana; and/or delivers, transfers, transports, supplies or sells edible marijuana products or marijuana-infused products to medical marijuana dispensaries.
Medical marijuana testing laboratory	A facility operated by a business registered with the State of Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health of the Department of Health and Human Services that tests and analyzes marijuana, edible marijuana products and marijuana-infused products to be sold at medical marijuana dispensaries in Nevada.
Medical office, clinic, or laboratory	A facility where patients are examined or treated on an outpatient basis for physical or mental ailments by a medical doctor, osteopath, chiropractor, nurse, physical therapist, dentist, doctor of oriental or homeopathic medicine, podiatrist, psychologist or optometrist duly certified or licensed by the state of Nevada. Examples include medical laboratories, or facilities for medical, optical, orthotic, prosthetic, or dental laboratory services, outpatient surgery, photographic, analytical, or testing services.
Metal waste salvage yard/junk yard/auto dismantler	An establishment for the storage and dismantling of vehicles and equipment for sale of parts, as well as the collection, storage, exchange or sale of goods including, but not limited to, any used building material, used containers or steel drums and similar or related articles or property.
Mining and quarrying	The extraction of metallic and nonmetallic minerals, including sand and gravel pit operations.
Mini-warehouse	A facility that rents small structures or space for the storage of merchandise or personal belongings. A mini-warehouse establishment may offer ancillary retail sales from the office of the establishment.
Mixed use	Any single building or development that blends a combination of residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or industrial uses, where those functions are physically and functionally integrated. In a mixed use development, the different types of land uses are in close proximity, planned as a unified complementary whole, and functionally integrated to the use of vehicular and pedestrian access and parking areas.
Mobile food vendor	A person, including any employee or agent of another, who sells, or offers to sell, barter or trade food and/or drink to be consumed by customers. Mobile food vendors shall comply with the standards as set forth in this section.
Mobile home	A factory built home that does not comply with the standards established under the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974, 42 U.S.C. §§ 5401 et seq.
Mobile vending cart	A movable push cart that is operated by a mobile vendor including, but not limited to, bicycles.
Mobile vending trailer	A mobile trailer operated by a mobile vendor.
Mobile vending vehicle	A motorized vehicle operated by a mobile vendor.
Mobile vendor	Any person, including any employee or agent of another, who sells or offers to sell, barter or trade from a vending vehicle, trailer or cart. See Section 20.03.059.
Model studio	Any business, where, for any form of consideration or gratuity, figure models who display "specified anatomical areas" are provided to be observed, sketched, drawn, painted, sculptured, photographed, or similarly depicted by persons paying the consideration or gratuity.
Modular home	A factory-built home that has been built in compliance with the standards for single-family residential dwellings of the Building Code most recently adopted by the International Conference of Building Officials. (Source: NRS 278.0209)
Motel	A building or other structure kept, maintained, advertised; or held out to the public to be a place that provides five or more rooms as sleeping accommodations offered at a daily rate to transient guests where access to the rooms is from the outside.
Motor home	A portable, temporary dwelling used for travel, recreation and vacation, constructed as an integral part of a self-propelled vehicle.
Mulch	A covering over the soil used for water retention, soil erosion and dust control, as well as for aesthetic purposes. Examples include rock products, wood products, and vegetative by-products.
Multi-family building	A building designed to house two or more families living independently of each other, having their own kitchen facilities. Examples include duplexes, apartments, townhouses, rowhouses, quadruplexes, single-room occupancy buildings, condominiums, and similar combinations of two or more attached single-family dwellings. It includes any form of family occupancy, including traditional or non-traditional households, elderly housing, or retirement housing.
National Register of Historic Places	The official national list of cultural resources worthy of preservation. The list is compiled and maintained by the National Parks Service and the United States Department of the Interior.
Natural drainage way	Any channel, swale or depression which conducts water as part of the natural drainage pattern of a site.
Natural slope	The form of the land surface as it exists before any grading.
Natural vegetation	Plant materials which exist on the site before clearing or grading.
Nevada State Register of Historic Places	The official state-wide list of Nevada's historical resources. The list is compiled and maintained by the Nevada State Historic Preservation Office.
Nonstore retailers	Establishments that sell merchandise through online, mass media, telephone, mail, or similar methods (infomercials, direct-response advertising, paper and electronic catalogs, door-to-door solicitation, in-home demonstration, selling from portable stalls, vending machines, and similar methods), and that do not have a warehouse on the site. Examples include mail-order houses, vending machine operators, home delivery sales, door-to-door sales, party plan sales, electronic shopping, and sales through portable stalls (e.g., street vendors). This does not include a fulfillment center (classified under "warehousing, distribution, and storage," below).
Nursery (commercial, retail and wholesale)	An establishment primarily engaged in the retail sale of garden supplies and plants grown on the premises or elsewhere. This classification includes the sale of landscape materials, topsoil and rental of landscaping equipment.
Nursing home	A home for the aged or infirm in which persons not of the immediate family are received, kept, or provided with food and shelter, or care for compensation; but not including hospitals, clinics, or similar institutions devoted primarily to the diagnosis and treatment of the sick or injured.
Occupancy	The purpose for which a building is used or intended to be used.
Occupancy unit	A single unit providing complete and independent facilities for commercial, residential or industrial use.
Office	A building principally occupied by professional, business, government, and service activities not otherwise specified in this municipal code. Offices do not include retail sales except where specifically permitted as an accessory use. This includes: (1) the administrative, clerical or public contact offices of a government agency, together with incidental storage and maintenance of vehicles, including post offices; or (2) call centers that have no warehousing or trucking facilities on the same site (see "Wholesale distribution, warehousing and storage," below, for call centers combined with those facilities).
Oil and gas storage	A tank farm or outdoor facility to store oil and gas.
Orient	To bring in relation to, or adjust to, the surroundings, situation, or environment; to place with the most important parts (e.g., the primary building entrance and the designated "front" of a building) facing in certain directions; or to set or arrange in a determinate position, as in "to orient a building."
Outdoor processing	Production, contractor or repair operations that occur outside of an enclosed building, and that may involve the retail sale of items produced or assembled on the site. Examples include the production and sale of propane tanks, rock and concrete crushing operation, painting or coating, grinding or sanding, or degreasing or cleaning of parts.
Outdoor storage	Materials, goods, vehicles, or equipment kept or placed outside an enclosed structure for 72 hours or more.
Owner	The person or corporation appearing on the last equalized assessment roll of the Washoe County Assessor.
Park/open space	A park, playground, natural area, or open space. Examples include community centers, picnic facilities, public recreation areas, and accessory food concessions.
Parking area	Those portions of a site area designated for motor vehicle use, including, but not limited to, parking stalls, parking spaces, driveways and access driveways.
Parking facility	A parking lot or a parking garage offering parking to the public and is the principal use of the premises. "Parking lot" is an off-street, ground-level, and open area for the temporary placement of operable motor vehicles improved to the standards of S.M.C. Section 20.04.009, Parking and loading. A "parking garage" is a multi-level structure for the temporary placement of operable motor vehicles.
Pawnbroker	A person engaged, in whole or in part, in the business of loaning money on the security of pledges, deposits or other secured transactions in personal property. Said personal property must not include vehicles or other transportation devices upon which an autopawn is authorized to loan money.
Payday loan establishment	An institution that primarily makes small, short-term loans, typically without a credit check, that are intended to bridge the borrowers' cash flow gap between pay days. This includes any establishment that provides check cashing, deferred deposit service, or vehicle title loan services as defined in NRS Chapter 604A.
Permeable surface	A hard, porous material that allows water penetration into the soil.
Person	A natural person, corporation, partnership, firm, association, or other legal entity.
Personal instructional services	The provision of instructional services such as tutoring and exam preparation, language, photography, fine arts, crafts, dance or music studios, art studios, driving schools, employment training, diet centers, and beauty schools / reducing salons. This includes incidental retail sales, or light assembly and offices relating to training or instruction.
Personal services	A business which provides a service to the general public. This includes, but is not limited to, beauty shops, laundries, dry cleaners, tailors, pet groomers, wedding planning, dating services, nail salons, massage establishments, tattoo parlor, reflexology, and shoe shining or repair. This does not include social escort, bail bond, or other services listed separately. A "tattoo parlor" means a facility which provides personal services such as tattoos, body painting, body piercing and other similar uses as the primary function. A "massage establishment" means an establishment, including a private club or organization, where massage, as defined in Chapter 5.65 of this code, is given or offered for compensation. A "massage establishment" does not include a: (1) hospital or nursing home; (2) the office of a physician, surgeon, chiropractor, osteopath, psychologist, marriage and family counselor, physical therapist or nurse duly licensed by the state; (3) barber or cosmetologist duly licensed by the state and who performs massage of the head, neck and shoulders only; (4) public or private physical fitness facility which offers massage as a secondary service and no exterior signs advertise massage services, or (5) trade school which offers courses in a variety of occupational skills with no exterior signs advertising massage services.
Pickup coach	A structure designed to be mounted on a truck chassis for use as a temporary dwelling for travel, recreation and vacation.
Plan review committee	A committee comprised of representatives from the Planning and Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Fire Department and outside agencies who regularly review proposals for development within the City.
Planned residential development	An area of land controlled by a landowner, which is to be developed as a single entity for a number of dwelling units, the plan for which does not correspond in lot size, bulk or type of dwelling, density, lot coverage and required open space to the regulations established in any one residential district created, from time to time, under the provisions of any zoning ordinance enacted pursuant to law.
Planned unit development	An area of land controlled by a landowner, which is to be developed as a single entity for one or more planned unit residential developments, one or more public, quasi-public, commercial or industrial areas, or a combination of any or all of these uses.
Preexisting towers and preexisting antennas	Any tower or antenna for which a building permit, special use permit or administrative review has been properly issued prior to the effective date of this ordinance, including permitted towers or antennas that have not yet been constructed so long as such approval is current and not expired.
Preliminary development plan	A development suitability analysis and land use concept plan for planned unit or planned residential development which establishes the constraints and opportunities for development of a site, and sets forth in the form of written text, diagrams, and/or maps one or more development alternatives and the planning objectives to guide and control the future development of the site.
Principal building	A building devoted to the principal use of the lot on which it is situated.
Principal use	The main or primary purpose for which a structure or lot is designed, arranged or intended, or for which it may be used, occupied or maintained. (compare "accessory use").
Processing	To subject to some special process or treatment, as in the course of manufacture; to change the physical state or chemical composition of matter.
Production, craftwork	Establishments primarily engaged in on-site production of goods by hand manufacturing, involving the use of hand tools and small-scale equipment.
Production, general	This category includes general manufacturing or production activities, such as: (1) Manufacturing of products, from extracted or raw materials, or recycled or secondary materials, or bulk storage and handling of those products and materials. Examples include food, beverage and tobacco products, textiles, apparel, leather and allied products, wood products (including printing and related activities), paper, plastics, rubber, fabricated metal products, mined or quarried nonmetallic minerals (such as sand, gravel, stone, clay, and refractory materials, such as cement batch or concrete mixing plants), and transportation equipment. This does not include any activity listed under Intensive High Impact Production. (2) Manufacturing of chemicals, primary metals, acetylene, cement, lime, gypsum or plaster-of-Paris, chlorine, corrosive acid or fertilizer, insecticides, disinfectants, poisons, explosives, paint, lacquer, varnish, petroleum products (including asphalt), coal products, plastic and synthetic resins and radioactive materials. This group also includes smelting, animal slaughtering and oil refining. (3) Manufacturing of finished parts or products, primarily from previously prepared materials. Examples include: machinery, computer and electronic product, electrical equipment, appliance, component manufacturing, furniture and related product, jewelry and silverware, dolls, toys, games, musical instruments, office supplies, signs, sporting goods and equipment, and similar uses.
Project	For purposes of the time-share regulations in Chapter 20.03, a "project" is real property, subject to a time-share instrument, containing more than one unit. A project may not include units that are not time-share units.
Public facility	A public, civic, or institutional use facility used for the conduct of operations and services, including but not limited to offices, maintenance facilities, and recreational or cultural facilities.
Public maintenance facility	A governmentally owned facility providing maintenance and repair services for vehicles and equipment and areas for storage of equipment and supplies. This classification includes governmentally owned construction yards, equipment service centers and similar facilities.
Public nuisance	Any condition defined as a public nuisance in Section 7.16.010 of the SMC Code.
Public safety facility	A facility for public safety and emergency services, such as police, fire protection, police and fire training facilities, and ambulance and emergency services, administrative facilities for emergency medical care, and blood and organ banks. This includes accessory transportation services and the vehicle maintenance.
Public way	The surface of, and the space above and below, any public street, highway, freeway, bridge, land path, alley, court, boulevard, sidewalk, parkway, way, land, drive, circle or other public right-of-way, including, but not limited to, public utility easements, dedicated utility strips or rights-of-way dedicated for compatible uses and any temporary or permanent fixtures or improvements located thereon now or hereafter held by the City within the area serviced by the owner of the antenna/tower/backhaul network.
Railroad freight yard or building	A facility for freight pick-up or distribution by rail. This may include specialized services for railroad transportation including servicing, routine repairing (except factory conversion, overhaul or rebuilding of rolling stock), and maintaining rail cars; loading and unloading rail cars; and independent terminals.
Ramada	Any roof or shade structure installed, erected or used above any part of a manufactured home, mobile home, recreational vehicle, lot, or space.
Recreational facility, major	Large, generally outdoor facilities, such as: outdoor roller or ice-skating rinks, sports stadiums and arenas; amusement and theme parks; racetracks; driving ranges; swimming or wave pools; entertainment complexes; amphitheaters; drive-in theaters; archery or shooting ranges; riding stables; campgrounds; recreational vehicle parks; miniature golf; golf courses, driving ranges, and country clubs, marinas, and similar facilities.
Recreational facility, minor	Buildings or structures principally devoted to recreational activities or nongambling games, leisure and recreation services to the public or to members. Examples include the following uses when they are conducted indoor: ice or roller skating rinks, bingo parlors, billiard parlors, bowling centers, pool rooms, miniature golf courses and amusement arcades, tennis clubs, indoor and outdoor play courts, horseback riding facilities, indoor and outdoor shooting facilities, batting cages, go-cart or dirt-bike courses, miniature golf or putt courses, skateboard areas, and water slides or water parks.
Recreational vehicle	A vehicular type unit primarily designed as temporary living quarters for travel, recreational, or camping use which may be driven or towed on a highway, and which may be self-propelled, mounted upon, or drawn by a motor vehicle. Recreational vehicle includes any travel trailer, camping trailer, motor home, pickup coach, or slide-in camper.
Recreational vehicle park	A parcel or tract of land, having as its principal use the transient rental or occupancy of space by two or more recreational vehicles, including accessory buildings, structures or uses customarily incidental to recreational vehicles.
Recreational vehicle space	A portion of land within a recreational vehicle park used or intended to be used for the transient parking of one recreational vehicle, including permitted accessory uses and structures.
Recycling plant	A facility in which recyclable material only is collected, processed, separated, and/or baled in preparation for shipment to others who will use those materials to manufacture new products. Recyclable material includes metals, glass, plastics, wood, paper, and other similar materials that may be used in the manufacture of new products. Recycling plants shall not collect vehicles for salvage, hazardous materials, compost, or rubbish.
Redevelopment	Development on a tract of land with existing structures where all or most of the existing structures would be razed and a new structure or structures built.
Regional utility corridor	A planning designation assigned to a utility easement that contains or is proposed to contain one or more electrical transmission lines. The width of a regional utility corridor shall be equivalent to the width of the easement required by the responsible utility.
Remediation services	Establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) remediation and cleanup of contaminated buildings, mine sites, soil, or ground water; (2) integrated mine reclamation activities, including demolition, soil remediation, waste water treatment, hazardous material removal, contouring land, and revegetation; and (3) asbestos, lead paint, and other toxic material abatement.
Renewable energy production	Energy produced by converting wind energy, solar energy, geothermal or other non-fossil fuel and associated control or conversion electronics/system and is intended primarily to be connected and sold to the electrical grid system for consumption off-site. Energy production supplying more than 100 percent of the customer's average annual consumption at the site is considered a utility.
Renewable energy production—Utility	Energy produced by converting wind energy, solar energy, geothermal or other non-fossil fuel and associated control or conversion electronics/system and is intended primarily to be connected and sold to the electrical grid system for consumption off-site. Energy production supplying more than 100 percent of the customer's average annual consumption at the site is considered a utility.
Renewable energy production—Private	Energy produced by converting wind energy, solar energy, geothermal or other non-fossil fuel and the associated control or conversion electronics/system and is intended primarily to reduce on-site consumption of public energy. Energy production shall supply no more than 100 percent of the customer's average annual consumption at the site to be considered private.
Required area	The minimum area of a lot or parcel necessary to permit its use under the provisions of this Title, and means for the purposes of this Title: Any lot shown as part of a subdivision recorded as a final plat in the manner provided by law; or Any parcel of land separated as a lot prior to the adoption and effective date of the original City land use ordinance. Any lot or parcel of land which has an area not less than that required in the respective zoning district.
Research and development	The investigation into the natural, physical, or social sciences, and that includes product development or testing. This does not include research, engineering or similar activities that occur indoors in an office environment, which is classified separately under "Commercial/mixed use— Office," above.
Research and development	The investigation into the natural, physical, or social sciences, and may include engineering and product development.
Residence	See "Dwelling."
Residentially zoned property	A parcel of land that is zoned SF, MF, and MUD-RN.
Resort, dude/guest ranch	An establishment that provides: (1) horseback riding and/or related outdoor recreational facilities such as swimming, tennis courts, shuffleboard courts, barbecue and picnic facilities, (2) dining facilities intended primarily for use by guests, and (3) guest rooms limited to persons using the outdoor recreational facilities. This does not include boarding or rooming house, hotel or motel. This does not include bars and restaurants that cater primarily to those other than guests, such as including drive-through or drive-in restaurants.
Resource-efficient irrigation	The application of water to a specific area based on plant requirements.
Resource-efficient landscaping	A method of landscaping intended to conserve water and other natural resources by encouraging the following principles: Practical turf areas. The use of water-conserving plant material. The grouping of plants with similar water requirements. An irrigation system designed to meet plant needs. The installation of permeable hard surfaces to encourage ground-water recharge and re-use, and to discourage run-off. The use of water harvesting techniques. The use of mulches. The use of soil amendments. Soil analysis.
Resource-efficient landscaping material	Any of the following material: Living material, including, but not limited to, turf grass, ground covers, shrubs, vines, hedges, or trees which have been identified as those which are drought-tolerant or low-water use varieties, indigenous to or adaptable to this climate, and which can survive, once established, on minimal irrigation or natural rainfall; and Nonliving material including, but not limited to, rocks, gravel, sand, tile, bricks, bark, decorative concrete, and wood.
Restaurant	A structure where food and drink are prepared, served, and consumed. May include take-out, drive-in, and/or sit-down service.
Retail marijuana (at retail)	Marijuana cultivated, produced and processed into edible or marijuana-infused products, tested or sold for consumption by adults over the age 21 without the benefit of a medical marijuana card in accordance with Nevada Revised Statues Chapter 453D.
Retail sales	The sale of goods or commodities to members of the general public.
Retail, general	An establishment engaged in sale or rental of goods, such as: general merchandise, apparel, appliances, auto parts/tires, bicycles, books, electronics, firearms, florists, furnishings, gifts and novelties, hardware, health and personal care (such as pharmacies, cosmetics and optical), heating and plumbing equipment, hobby, jewelry, luggage and leather goods, music, office supplies, pawn shops, pets, sporting goods, stationary, tobacco sales, and entertainment media (such as videos, compact discs, DVDs, or computer games), used merchandise, arts and crafts, beer or liquor (see Municipal Code Chapter 5.28), or similar items. This includes artist studios that both create and sell visual artwork for noncommercial use. This classification includes the retail sale or rental of merchandise not specifically listed under another use classification. Merchandise is typically sold from locations known as storefronts, stand-alone buildings, department stores, warehouse clubs, variety stores, superstores, swap meets or flea markets, auctions, or consumer goods rental/general rental centers.
Re-vegetation	The stabilization of disturbed or graded soils after construction by replanting with indigenous plant species or other drought-tolerant, low water-consumptive plant materials appropriate for the climatic zone.
Room	An unsubdivided portion of the interior of a dwelling, excluding bathrooms, kitchens, closets, hallways and porches.
Rotor diameter	Cross sectional dimensions of the circle swept by the rotating blades of a wind generator.
Run-off	That part of precipitation which flows over the land without filtering into the soil.
Sanitary station,	A facility used for removing and disposing of wastes from recreational vehicle holding tanks.
School (public or private)	An institution of learning which offers instruction in the several branches of learning required to be taught in the public schools of the state.
Screening device	Includes but is not limited to any fence, hedge, wall or barrier made of living, non-living, or a combination of living and non-living materials, either fixed in place or temporary.
Seeding	The application of seed onto a prepared surface.
Setback	The distance between the property line, street right-of-way line, or edge of sidewalk to the nearest portion of the structure on the property (see definitions of front setback, side setback and rear setback below). See Chapter 20.04 for the regulations pertaining to allowed structures within, or projections into a setback. (see § 20.04.008) Note: compare "yard" below. The setback is the required distance between the lot line (or other point of measurement) to the building. A "yard" is the actual distance from that point to the building. In practice, the yard often extends past the required setback (in the case of a minimum setback).
Setback, exterior side	The setback extending from a side property line abutting a street right-of-way on corner properties.
Setback, front	The setback extending from the front property line. If there is an existing sidewalk, the front setback is measured from the edge of the sidewalk furthest from the street.
Setback, rear	The setback extending from the rear property line.
Setback, side	The setback extending from a side property line.
Sexual encounter center	Any business, agency or person who, for any form of consideration or gratuity, provides a place for two or more persons, not all members of the same family, to congregate, assemble or associate to engage in "specified sexual activities" or exposing "specified anatomical areas."
Shade tree	A large deciduous plant with a mature crown diameter of at least 15 feet and having a trunk that, at maturity, is kept clear of leaves and branches at least six feet above grade.
Shed	A structure that is subordinate to the principal building, and designed or used to store lawn, garden, pool care or other household equipment. A shed may be built onsite, or purchased pre-built or as a kit in pre-fabricated sections. A shed is not served by heat or plumbing and may or may not have a permanent foundation.
Side yard	The area between the side property line and the side of the principle structure closest to the property line and extending the length of the side of the residence.
Single-family dwelling	A building containing one kitchen designed and/or used to house only one family, including necessary employees of the family. See Use Matrix (Section 20.02.13). A "single-family dwelling" includes any manufactured or modular home as defined in Section 20.03.024 (Manufactured homes).
Site	A parcel or combination of parcels or lots which share a common development plan or which are dependent upon one another for access, parking or utilities.
Site area	The surface area of a development project including public right-of-way areas between property lines and paved sidewalks or streets.
Site frontage	The combined frontage of multiple, adjoining lots that are subject to a single application.
Small wireless facilities	Has the meaning ascribed in 47 CFR Section 1.6002(l).
Smog shop	Stations authorized to perform emissions tests and complete emissions-related repairs as long as the station has a 2G license from the State of Nevada. Other stations with a 1G license from the State of Nevada, may perform tests but are prohibited from performing emissions-related repairs.
Social assistance, welfare, and charitable services	Establishments that provide social assistance services directly to clients such as children, elderly persons, disabled persons, homeless persons, or veterans. Social assistance may include (1) food, medical relief, counseling or training. Examples include adoption agencies, youth centers (except recreational only), child guidance organizations, youth self-help organizations, foster care placement services, community action services agencies, marriage counseling services (except by offices of mental health practitioners), crisis intervention centers, multipurpose social services centers, family social services agencies, self-help organizations (except for disabled persons, the elderly, persons diagnosed with intellectual and, developmental disabilities), family welfare services, suicide crisis centers, hotline centers, telephone counseling services, community food services (includes collection, preparation, and delivery of food, clothing and blankets for needy persons), and (2) housing services including short term emergency shelter for victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, or child abuse; temporary residential shelter for the homeless, runaway youths, and patients and families caught in medical crises; or transitional housing for low-income individuals and families.
Solar energy	Equipment that converts and then stores or transfers energy from the solar into usable forms of energy. Solar energy includes either solar photovoltaic, solar thermal or any system that converts solar energy to usable forms of energy. This equipment is any substance or device which collects, stores or distributes solar energy for the use in heating or cooling of a structure or building, the heating or pumping of water, or the generation of electricity and all the associated equipment for the operation of the system.
Solar photovoltaic (PV)	Production of electricity through the conversion of direct sunlight.
Solar thermal systems	Use of the sun to heat water or heat-transferring fluids. Each system is comprised of two parts: solar collection (panel) or reflective panel and storage tank. Systems that use active solar require the use of electricity for pumps and circulation and require flat-panel collectors similar to PV. Passive solar water heaters do not have electrical components and rely on direct sun heating the collector panel.
Sparks Register of Historic Places	The local list, established by this chapter, of districts, sites, buildings, uses, landscape features, signs, structures and objects of significant local, state or national importance which satisfy the requirements of this chapter.
Specified anatomical areas	Less than completely and opaquely covered human genitals, pubic region; buttock; and female breast below a point immediately above the top of the areola; and human male genitals in a discernibly turgid state, even if completely and opaquely covered.
Specified sexual activities	Actual or simulated sexual intercourse, oral copulation, anal intercourse, oral anal copulation, bestiality, direct physical stimulation of unclothed genitals, flagellation or torture in the context of a sexual relationship, or the use of excretory functions in the context of a sexual relationship, and any of the following depicted sexually oriented acts or conduct: anilingus, buggery, coprophagy, coprophilia, cunnilingus, fellatio, necrophilia, pederasty, pedophilia, piquerism, sapphism, zooerasty; or clearly depicted human genitals in a state of sexual stimulation, arousal or tumescence; or use of human or animal masturbation, sodomy, oral copulation, coitus, ejaculation; or fondling or touching of nude human genitals, pubic region, buttocks or female breast; or masochism, erotic or sexually oriented torture, beating or the infliction of pain; or erotic or lewd touching, fondling or other contact with an animal by a human being; or human excretion, urination, menstruation, vaginal or anal irrigation.
Stand	A vehicle, trailer or temporary structure used for the sale of goods or services.
Standards	Mandatory regulations. Standards are indicated by use of the terms "shall" and "must."
Street	A public or private thoroughfare which affords a primary means of access to abutting property.
Structure	Anything which is built or constructed, an edifice or building of any kind or any piece of work, artificially built up or composed of parts joined together in a definite manner. "Structure" does not include a tent, trailer, mobile home or vehicle.
Substandard development	A lawfully improved lot or parcel, including any structures on the lot or parcel, which does not satisfy the current provisions of this Title regarding use, setbacks, height restrictions, parking, landscaping, signs or other site development standards.
Survey	The City historic architectural surveys and inventories consisting of historical resources compiled and maintained by the HRC.
Tattoo parlor	See "personal services."
Technical school	A specialized institution of learning which offers secondary or post-secondary instruction in business, trade, vocational, or other technical subject matter.
Temporary parking of mobile home	Any specified length of time less than 12 months.
Time-share	A time-share estate.
Time-share estate	A right to occupy a unit or any of several units during three or more separated time periods over at least three years, including renewal options, coupled with a freehold estate or an estate for years in a time-share property or a part of that property.
Time-share instrument	One or more documents, by whatever name denominated, creating or regulating time-shares.
Time-share license	A right to occupy a unit or any of several units during three or more separated time periods over a period of at least three years, including renewal options, not coupled with a free-hold estate or an estate for years.
Time-share owner	A person who is an owner or co-owner of a time-share other than as security for an obligation.
Time-share property	One or more time-share units subject to the same time-share instrument, together with any other real estate or rights appurtenant to those units.
Time-share unit	A unit in which time-shares exist.
Title loan	A pawnbroker who loans money only on the security of any vehicle or other transportation device for which a bill of sale, title or registration can be provided.
Total height	For purposes of the renewable energy regulations of Chapter 20.03, vertical distance from the ground level to the tip of a wind generator blade when the tip is at its highest point of a wind generator or the highest point of the overall structure. (Section 20.03.036 Renewable energy)
Tower	A monopole, freestanding, or guyed structure that supports a wind generator. (20.03.036 Renewable energy)
Tower height	For purposes of the renewable energy regulations of Chapter 20.03, height above grade of the fixed portion of the tower, excluding the wind turbine itself. (Section 20.03.036 Renewable energy)
Tower	Any structure that is designed and constructed primarily for the purpose of supporting one or more antennas for telephone, radio and similar communication purposes, including self-supporting lattice towers, guyed towers, or monopole towers. The term includes radio and television transmission towers, microwave towers, common-carrier towers, cellular telephone towers, alternative tower structures, and the like. The term includes the structure and any structural support.
Trailer	A vehicle without motive power designed to carry property or passengers wholly on its own structure and to be drawn by a motor vehicle.
Transfer Station	A fixed facility where non-hazardous wastes are taken from collection vehicles, temporarily stored, and ultimately relocated to a permanent disposal site. It does not include an incineration facility.
Transportation passenger terminal	Facilities for passenger transportation operations, and holding facilities, which includes rail stations, bus terminals, urban and regional transit stations and scenic and sightseeing facilities, but does not include airports and heliports. This includes incidental maintenance and accessory parking facilities. This does not include bus shelters, which are permitted in all districts.
Travel trailer	A vehicular, portable structure built on a chassis, designed to be used as a temporary dwelling for travel, recreation and vacation use, having a body width not exceeding eight feet and body length not exceeding 32 feet.
Truck	A motor vehicle used for the transportation or delivery of goods with a body built and designed for that purpose, and every motor vehicle designed and used primarily for drawing a trailer or other vehicle, and is not constructed so as to carry a load other than part of the weight of the trailer or vehicle drawn.
Truck stop	A facility oriented to the servicing of, and sale of fuel to truckers, and providing support facilities for truck drivers.
Tuck-under garages	Garages dedicated for use by residents of individual units within a multi-family building, such as a townhome or apartment complex, that occupy the first floor (either partially or in its entirety) of a multi-floor building and are usually clustered into large groups of garages with each unit's garage being accessed via separate garage doors from the alley or street.
Turf grass	Any species of grass that grows together and can be mowed, planted and maintained in areas of pedestrian, aesthetic or recreational activity.
Uncovered structure	A structure with walls on at least two sides, and that does not have a roof.
Unenclosed structure	A structure that has no walls and is designed principally for outdoor use, such as a deck, porch, patio, or trellis.
Unit	Any portion of real property designated for separate use.
Urban agriculture	Includes—(1) Community Garden: A site operated and maintained by a group to cultivate trees, herbs, fruits, vegetables, flowers, or other ornamental foliage for the following uses: personal use, consumption, donation or off site sale of items grown on the site. (2) Crop/limited agriculture: An area of land managed and maintained by an individual or group of individuals to grow and harvest food crops, horticultural and limited animal products (including flowers, trees, bees and apiary products, and chickens) for off-site sale in locations where retail sales are an allowed use. Crop/limited agriculture may be a principal or accessory use. (3) Community supported agriculture: An area of land managed and maintained by an individual or group of individuals to grow and harvest food and/or horticultural products for shareholder consumption or for sale or donation. This does not include a personal garden.
Urban Winery	A bonded winery facility where a building is utilized to convert fruit juices to wine from grapes grown at a remote location transported to the facility within the city for aging, bottling, storing, distribution and selling of said wine. An urban winery includes crushing, fermenting and refermenting, bottling, blending, bulk and bottle storage, aging, shipping, receiving, laboratory equipment and maintenance facilities, sales, and administrative office functions, and may include tasting and promotional events.
Utility, major	A building or other structure for water supply or wastewater treatment or the production of electricity, steam, air conditioning, hot water or chilled water for consumption by the general public.
Utility, minor	All lines and facilities related to the provision, distribution, collection, transmission, or disposal of water, storm water, communications, electricity, transportation, gas, steam, and similar public services, and may include storage for vehicles and equipment necessary to provide those services. This includes facilities that are necessary to support legally established uses and involve only minor structures such as electrical distribution lines, switch boxes, transformer boxes, cap banks, and underground water and sewer lines. This does not include "communications facility" or "wireless communication tower" as defined below, which refer to the point of transmission rather than distribution systems such as cable networks.
Vehicle	An automobile, truck, boats watercraft, motorcycle, motorbike, recreational vehicle, snowmobile, tractor, or similar item, but not to include machinery or heavy equipment.
Vehicle rentals	A facility for the rental of automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, trailers, motor homes and RVs, marine equipment, boats, and recreational watercraft. This includes accessory parts and supplies, storage and incidental maintenance.
Vehicle sales	A facility for the sale of automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, trailers, motor homes and RV's, marine equipment, boats and recreational watercraft. This includes accessory parts and supplies, storage and incidental maintenance.
Vehicle towing and storage facility	Establishments primarily engaged in towing light or heavy motor vehicles, along with incidental services such as storage and emergency road repair services.
Vertical mixed use	Refers to two or more land-use types within a building, occurring on different floors. A typical example of a vertical mixed-use building would incorporate active uses such as stores, offices, and restaurants at the street level and residential and/or office uses on the upper floors.
Visible light transmittance	An optical property that indicates the amount of visible light transmitted. The higher the visible transmittance, the more light is transmitted. A high visible transmittance is desirable to maximize daylight.
Wall	See "Fence or Wall."
Warehousing, distribution, and storage	The storage of goods, for the transfer or sale to other firms, including activities involving significant storage and movement of products or equipment. All storage activities are indoor. *See outdoor storage for storage activities that are not indoors.
Water harvesting system	Any combination of techniques that results in storm or flood waters captured on site, for later plant use or return to the water table.
Weather or environmental monitoring station	A facility with instruments and equipment that measures atmospheric conditions (typically to provide current weather information or a basis for weather forecasts), air or water quality, soil conditions, or similar variables.
Wedding chapel	A facility which is principally rented to perform wedding ceremonies. Facilities may include a chapel, dressing rooms, offices, reception facilities, and/or gardens.
Wholesale distribution, warehousing and storage	The storage of goods, and the sale of goods to other firms for resale, including activities involving significant storage and movement of products or equipment. All storage activities are indoor. This may include fulfillment centers that combine storage with call centers.
Wind energy conversion systems (WECS)	Equipment that converts and then stores or transfers energy from the wind into usable forms of energy. This equipment is the aggregation of parts including the base, foundation, tower, generator, nacelle, rotor, blades, supports, guy wires and accessory equipment such as utility interconnect and battery banks, or other components used in the system.
Wind generator	Blades and associated mechanical and electrical conversion components mounted on top of the tower.
Winery	A bonded agricultural facility comprising a building or buildings used to convert fruit juices (all or part of which are produced on the property) to wine, and to age, bottle, store, distribute and sell said wine. A winery, for the purposes of this section, includes crushing, fermenting and refermenting, bottling, blending, bulk and bottle storage, aging, shipping, receiving, laboratory equipment and maintenance facilities, sales, and administrative office functions, and may include tasting and promotional events.
Wireless communication tower or antenna	An antenna, alternative tower structure, and/or tower constructed and operated pursuant to Section 20.03.046, not to include small wireless communications facilities. This definition is intended to encompass traditional macro wireless communications towers and associated structures, not small wireless facilities also known as small cell structures.
Yard	The space on a property or parcel extending from the principal building to the nearest lot line.
Yard, exterior side	The areas between the side wall of the principle building and side property line abutting a street right-of-way on corner lots.
Yard, front	The yard lying between the front wall of the principal building and the front property line and extending across the full width of the lot or parcel.
Yard, interior side	The area between the side wall of the building and the property line not abutting a street right-of-way.
Yard, rear	The yard between the principal building and the rear line and extending across the full width of the lot or parcel.
Yard, side	The yard between the side lot line and the principal building and extending from the front yard line to the rear yard line.

Section 20.08.003 - Abbreviations.

ADA	Americans with Disabilities Act, 42 USC Subsection 12181 et seq., Pub. L 101-336 and implementing regulations at 28 C.F.R. parts 35 and 36
BRT	Bus rapid transit
CFR	Code of Federal Regulations
Ft. or ′	foot or feet
HUD	United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
LOMR	Letter of Map Revision (see Floodplain Ordinance)
Max.	Maximum; indicates that the value prescribed is the maximum allowed
Min.	Minimum; indicates that the value prescribed is the minimum required
MPO	The federally designated Metropolitan Planning Organization, or the Regional Transportation Commission of Washoe County
MUTCD	Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices published by the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration
NRS	Nevada Revised Statutes
Sf	Square feet
TOD	Transit Oriented Development
USC	United States Code

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.004 - Technical references.

Document/,qa>Regulation	Reference
AASHTO Green Book	American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), A Policy on the Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (6th Edition 2011)
AASHTO Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities	AASHTO, Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities (4th ed. 2012)
ADA Standards for Accessible Design	2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design (United States Department of Justice, September 15, 2010), as amended.
American Standard for Nursery Stock	American Nursery and Landscape Association, American Standard for Nursery Stock (ANSI Z60.1-2004, Approved May 12, 2004)
Building Code	The City's adopted building code (SMC 15.05.100, currently the 2012 Edition of the International Building Code (IBC), chapters 2 through 35 together with Appendix Chapters C, E, I, and J)
Fire Code	The City's adopted fire code (SMC 14.05.0010, currently the International Fire Code, 2012 edition, including Appendix Chapters A—I)
NAR	Nevada Administrative Regulations. Any reference to a state administrative regulations refers to any amendment to that regulation, unless otherwise provided.
NRS	Nevada Revised Statutes. Any reference to a Nevada Statute refers to any amendment to that statute, unless otherwise provided.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.005 - Zoning district boundaries.

Where uncertainty exists as to the boundaries of zoning districts, as shown, the following apply:

In the event of further uncertainty, the Administrator shall interpret intent as to the boundary location.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.006 - Vacated rights-of-way.

If a dedicated street or alley is abandoned, the regulations applicable to abutting properties apply to that portion of such right-of-way vacated.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.007 - Severability.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)

Section 20.08.008 - Relationship to other laws.

(Ord. 2512, § 1(Exh. A), Add. 08/24/2015)