Zoneomics Logo
search icon

Covington City Zoning Code

18.85 Nonconformance

Temporary Uses, and Re-Use of Facilities

18.85.010 Purpose.

The purposes of this chapter are to:

(1) Establish the legal status of a nonconformance by creating provisions through which a nonconformance may be maintained, altered, reconstructed, expanded or terminated;

(2) Provide for the temporary establishment of uses that are not otherwise permitted in a zone and to regulate such uses by their scope and period of use; and

(3) Encourage the adaptive re-use of existing public facilities, which will continue to serve the community, and to ensure public review of redevelopment plans by allowing:

(a) Temporary re-uses of closed public school facilities retained in school district ownership, and the reconversion of a temporary re-use back to a school use;

(b) Permanent re-use of surplus nonresidential facilities (e.g., schools, fire stations, government facilities) not retained in school district ownership; or

(c) Permanent re-use of historic structures listed on the National Register or designated as City landmarks by the City Historian and accepted by the City Council. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.010))

18.85.020 Nonconformance – Applicability.

(1) All nonconformances shall be subject to the provisions of this chapter.

(2) Nonconformance standards referenced in Chapter 18.31 CMC shall be applicable within the downtown zone. Where all other standards in this section may conflict with Chapter 18.31 CMC, the standards contained in Chapter 18.31 CMC shall apply.

(3) The provisions of this chapter do not supersede or relieve a property owner from compliance with:

(a) The requirements of the International Building and Fire Codes; or

(b) The provisions of this code beyond the specific nonconformance addressed by this chapter. (Ord. 15-17 § 3; Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 6-05 § 1; Ord. 23-04 § 19; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.020))

18.85.030 Nonconformance – Creation, continuation, and forfeiture of nonconformance status.

Once created pursuant to CMC 18.20.036, a nonconformance may be continued in a manner consistent with the provisions of this chapter. However, nonconformance status is forfeited if the nonconformance is discontinued beyond the provisions of CMC 18.85.050. Once nonconformance status is forfeited, the nonconformance shall not be reestablished. (Ord. 08-21 § 4 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.025))

18.85.040 Nonconformance – Abatement of illegal use, structure or development.

Any use, structure or other site improvement not established in compliance with use and development standards in effect at the time of establishment shall be deemed illegal and shall be discontinued or terminated and subject to removal pursuant to the provisions of Chapter 1.30 CMC. (Ord. 10-07 § 14; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.040))

18.85.050 Nonconformance – Re-establishment of discontinued nonconforming use, or damaged or destroyed nonconforming structure or site improvement.

A nonconforming use which has been discontinued or a nonconforming structure or site improvement which has been damaged or destroyed may be re-established or reconstructed if:

(1) The nonconforming use, structure, or site improvement, which previously existed, is not expanded;

(2) A new nonconformance is not created; and

(3) The use has not been discontinued for more than 12 months prior to its re-establishment, or the nonconforming structure or site improvement is reconstructed pursuant to a complete permit application submitted to the Department within 12 months of the occurrence of damage or destruction. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.045))

18.85.060 Nonconformance – Modifications to nonconforming use, structure, or site improvement.

Modifications to a nonconforming use, structure, or site improvement may be reviewed and approved by the Department pursuant to the code compliance review process of Chapter 14.30 CMC; provided, that:

(1) The modification does not expand any existing nonconformance; and

(2) The modification does not create a new type of nonconformance. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.055))

18.85.070 Nonconformance – Expansions of nonconforming uses, structures, or site improvements.

A nonconforming use, structure, or site improvement may be expanded as follows:

(1) The Department may review and approve, pursuant to the Type I process of Chapter 14.30 CMC, an expansion of a nonconformance; provided, that:

(a) The expansion shall conform to all other provisions of this title, except that the extent of the project-wide nonconformance in each of the following may be increased up to 10 percent:

(i) Building square footage;

(ii) Impervious surface;

(iii) Parking; or

(iv) Building height.

(b) No subsequent expansion of the same nonconformance shall be approved under this subsection if the cumulative amount of such expansion exceeds the percentage prescribed in subsection (1)(a) of this section.

(2) A special use permit shall be required for expansions of a nonconformance within a development authorized by an existing special use or unclassified use permit if the expansions are not consistent with the provisions of subsection (1) of this section.

(3) A conditional use permit shall be required for expansions of a nonconformance:

(a) Within a development authorized by an existing planned unit development approval; or

(b) Not consistent with the provisions of subsections (1) and (2) of this section. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.065))

18.85.080 Nonconformance – Required findings.

Modifications or expansions approved by the Department shall be based on written findings that the proposed:

Modification or expansion of a nonconformance located within a development governed by an existing conditional use permit, special use permit, unclassified use permit, or planned unit development shall provide the same level of protection for and compatibility with adjacent land uses as the original land use permit approval. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.075))

18.85.090 Nonconformance – Residences.

Any residence nonconforming relative to use may be expanded, after review and approval through the Type I process of Chapter 14.30 CMC, subject to all other applicable codes besides those set forth in this chapter for nonconformances. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.085))

18.85.100 Temporary use permits – Uses requiring permits.

Except as provided by CMC 18.85.110 and CMC 18.85.125, a temporary use permit shall be required for:

(1) Uses not otherwise permitted in the zone that can be made compatible for periods of limited duration and/or frequency; or

(2) Limited expansion of any use that is otherwise allowed in the zone but which exceeds the intended scope of the original land use approval.

Applications for temporary use permits shall be accompanied by the required fee as set forth in the current fee resolution. (Ord. 09-09 § 7; Ord. 20-07 § 130; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.100))

18.85.110 Temporary use permits – Exemptions to permit requirement.

(1) The following uses shall be exempt from requirements for a temporary use permit when located in the TC, MC, GC, MHO, CC, NC, or I zones for the time period specified below:

(a) Uses not to exceed a total of 30 days each calendar year:

(i) Christmas tree lots;

(ii) Fireworks stands; and

(iii) Produce stands.

(b) Uses not to exceed a total of 14 days each calendar year:

(i) Amusement rides, carnivals, or circuses;

(ii) Community festivals; and

(iii) Parking lot sales.

(2) Any use not exceeding a cumulative total of two days each calendar year shall be exempt from requirements for a temporary use permit.

(3) Any community event held in a park and not exceeding a period of seven days shall be exempt from requirements for a temporary use permit. (Ord. 05-16 § 1 (Exh. A); Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.110))

18.85.120 Temporary use permits – Duration and frequency.

Temporary use permits shall be limited in duration and frequency as follows:

(1) The temporary use permit shall be effective for no more than 180 days from the date of the first event;

(2) The temporary use shall not exceed a total of 60 days; provided, that this requirement applies only to the days that the event(s) actually take place;

(3) Temporary use permits for recreational vehicles shall not exceed the duration and frequency as outlined in CMC 18.50.190(4);

(4) The temporary use permit shall specify a date upon which the use shall be terminated and removed; and

(5) A temporary use permit shall not be granted for the same temporary use on a property more than once per calendar year; provided, that a temporary use permit may be granted for multiple events during the approval period. (Ord. 05-16 § 1 (Exh. A); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.120))

18.85.125 Temporary use permits – Farmers’ markets and public markets.

A temporary use permit shall be required for each location of a temporary farmers’ market or temporary public market. The following additional requirements shall apply for these uses:

(1) Application. Application shall be made by the market manager or his/her designee. The manager and/or designee shall provide a vendor register with contact information for all vendors, to be updated when new vendors are added.

(2) Permit Duration. The temporary use permit shall be effective for no more than 180 days from the date of the first event.

(3) Days of Operation. Markets may operate any day of the week at any time of the year, subject to an approved 180-day temporary use permit. Markets that sell food items other than produce, or that prepare foods, are subject to permanent food establishment guidelines under the King County Board of Health Code.

(4) Hours of Operation. Sales are permitted from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. between November 1st and April 30th, and from 9:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. between May 1st and October 31st. Vendors must assemble and disassemble their spaces during these hours. The market manager or his/her designee shall be on site at all times of market operation.

(5) Tents/Canopies.

(a) The arrangement of tents/canopies to create vendor spaces shall meet all building and fire code requirements.

(b) A vendor space shall be a maximum of 120 square feet (e.g., a 10-foot by 12-foot tent), with no side being less than six feet in length.

(c) All tents and other market items shall be dismantled and stored safely on site or removed from the site at the end of each selling day, unless the structure is approved through a City-issued building permit. A structure requiring a building permit that is not used for two or more consecutive days, or is not used five or more days per week, shall be dismantled and removed from the site.

(6) Accessory Uses. Crafts sales, processed food sales, and prepared food sales shall be accessory uses to farmers’ and public markets.

(7) Vendors. Up to 30 percent of the vendors of a farmers’ market and up to 50 percent of the vendors of a public market may consist of resellers and other accessory uses allowed for that use. A single vendor using multiple spaces shall count as multiple vendors for the purpose of calculating primary to accessory vendors (e.g., a single vendor selling crafts that is using three spaces counts as three craft vendors).

(8) Signs. Two temporary signs advertising the market itself are permitted. Such signs shall be no more than six square feet in area and may be placed within 300 feet of the market entrance, excluding the public right-of-way. Individual vendor space signs shall be located only on vendor tables or tent structures. Vendor signs shall not project above the roofline of a tent.

(9) Parking. Two on-site parking spaces are required for each vendor space. Two bicycle parking spaces are required for markets with 10 or more vendor spaces; one additional bicycle parking space is required for every additional 10 vendor spaces.

(10) Revocation of Permit. A temporary use permit for a farmers’ market or public market issued pursuant to this section shall be revoked upon a finding that the market no longer complies with the terms of this section and all other applicable sections of the Covington Municipal Code. A market manager or his/her designee may appeal a revocation to the hearing examiner in accordance with Chapter 14.45 CMC. (Ord. 09-09 § 8)

18.85.130 Temporary use permits – Parking.

Parking and access for proposed temporary uses shall be approved by the City. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.130))

18.85.140 Temporary use permits – Traffic control.

The applicant for a proposed temporary use shall provide any parking/traffic control attendants as specified by the City of Covington Police Department. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.140))

18.85.150 Temporary construction buildings.

Temporary structures for storage of tools and equipment or for supervisory offices may be permitted for construction projects; provided, that such structures are:

(1) Allowed only during periods of active construction; and

(2) Removed within 30 days of project completion or cessation of work. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.150))

18.85.160 Temporary construction residence.

(1) A mobile home may be permitted on a lot as a temporary dwelling for the property owner, provided a building permit for a permanent dwelling on the site has been obtained.

(2) The temporary mobile home permit shall be effective for a period of 12 months. The permit may be extended for one additional period of 12 months if the permanent dwelling is constructed with a finished exterior by the end of the initial approval period.

(3) The mobile home shall be removed within 90 days of:

(a) The expiration of the temporary mobile home permit; or

(b) The issuance of a certificate of occupancy for the permanent residence, whichever occurs first. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.160))

18.85.170 Temporary mobile home for medical hardship.

(1) A mobile home may be permitted as a temporary dwelling on the same lot as a permanent dwelling, provided:

(a) The mobile home together with the permanent residence shall meet the setback, height, building footprint, and lot coverage provisions of the applicable zone; and

(b) The applicant submits with the permit application a notarized affidavit that contains the following:

(i) Certification that the temporary dwelling is necessary to provide daily care, as defined in Chapter 18.20 CMC;

(ii) Certification that the primary provider of such daily care will reside on-site;

(iii) Certification that the applicant understands the temporary nature of the permit, subject to the limitations outlined in subsections (2) and (3) of this section;

(iv) Certification that the physician’s signature is both current and valid; and

(v) Certification signed by a physician that a resident of the subject property requires daily care, as defined in Chapter 18.20 CMC.

(2) Temporary mobile home permits for medical hardships shall be effective for 12 months. Extensions of the temporary mobile home permit may be approved in 12-month increments subject to demonstration of continuing medical hardship in accordance with the procedures and standards set forth in subsection (1) of this section.

(3) The mobile home shall be removed within 90 days of:

(a) The expiration of the temporary mobile home permit; or

(b) The cessation of provision of daily care. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.170))

18.85.180 Temporary real estate offices.

One temporary real estate office may be located on any new residential development; provided, that activities are limited to the initial sale or rental of property or units within the development. The office use shall be discontinued within one year of recording of a short subdivision or issuance of a final certificate of occupancy for an apartment development, and within two years of the recording of a formal subdivision. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.180))

18.85.190 Temporary school facilities.

Temporary school structures may be permitted during construction of new school facilities or during remodeling of existing facilities; provided, that such structures:

(1) Are allowed only during periods of active construction or remodeling;

(2) Do not expand the student capacity beyond the capacity under construction or remodeling; and

(3) Are removed within 30 days of project completion or cessation of work. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.190))

18.85.200 Re-use of facilities – General standards.

The interim or permanent re-use of surplus nonresidential facilities in residential zoned areas shall require that no more than 50 percent of the original floor area be demolished for either permanent or interim re-use of facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.200))

18.85.210 Re-use of facilities – Re-establishment of closed public school facilities.

The re-establishment or reconversion of an interim nonschool use of school facilities back to school uses shall require a site plan and the issuance of a change of use permit, and is subject to payment of a fee as set forth in the current fee resolution. (Ord. 20-07 § 131; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.210))

18.85.220 Re-use of facilities – Standards for conversion of historic buildings.

In order to ensure that significant features of the property are protected pursuant to Chapter 18.47 CMC, the following standards shall apply to conversion of historic buildings:

(1) Gross floor area of building additions or new buildings required for the conversion shall not exceed 20 percent of the gross floor area of the historic building, unless allowed by the zone;

(2) Conversions to apartments shall not exceed one dwelling unit for each 3,600 square feet of lot area, unless allowed by the zone; and

(3) Any construction required for the conversion shall require certification of appropriateness from the City of Covington Historian in accord with Chapter 18.47 CMC. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.32.220))