Dixon City Zoning Code
CHAPTER 7
OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING
6-7-1: PURPOSE:
The purpose of this Chapter of the Zoning Title is to alleviate or prevent congestion of the public streets, and to promote the safety and welfare of the public by establishing minimum requirements for the off-street parking and loading and unloading of motor vehicles in accordance with the use to which property is put.
(Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-2: PROCEDURE:
An application for a building permit for a new or enlarged building, structure, or use, shall include therewith a plot plan, drawn to scale, and fully dimensioned showing any parking or loading facilities to be provided in compliance with the requirements of this Title. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-3: EXTENT OF CONTROL:
The off-street parking and loading requirements of this Title shall apply as follows:
(A) All buildings and structures erected and land uses initiated after the effective date of this Title shall provide accessory off-street parking or loading facilities as required hereinafter for the use thereof, except that a building or structure for which a building permit has been issued prior to the effective date of this Title shall not be required to furnish parking or loading facilities if construction is begun thereon within six (6) months of the effective date of this Title and diligently prosecuted to completion.
(B) When a building or structure erected prior to or after the effective date of this Title shall undergo a decrease in number of dwelling units, gross floor area, seating capacity, number of employees, or other unit of measurement specified hereinafter for required parking or loading facilities, and further when the decrease would result in a requirement for fewer total parking or loading spaces through application of the provisions of this Title thereto, parking and loading facilities may be reduced accordingly; provided, that existing parking or loading facilities shall be so decreased only when the facilities remaining would at least equal or exceed the parking or loading requirements resulting from application of the provisions of this Title to the entire building or structure as modified. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-4: EXISTING PARKING AND LOADING SPACES:
Accessory off-street parking and loading spaces in existence on the effective date of this Title may not be reduced in number unless already exceeding the requirements of this Chapter for equivalent new construction, in which event the spaces shall not be reduced below the number required herein for such equivalent new construction. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-5: PERMISSIVE PARKING AND LOADING SPACES:
Nothing in this Chapter shall prevent the establishment of off-street automobile parking or loading facilities to serve any existing use of land or buildings, subject to full compliance with the provisions of this Chapter, except that off-street parking areas accessory to existing multiple-family structures cannot be located off the premises containing the main use, unless on a lot adjacent thereto, without authorization by the City Council. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)&
6-7-6: DAMAGE, DESTRUCTION, REMODELING OR REBUILDING:
Any building, structure, or use which is in existence and is a conforming use on the effective date of this Title and which subsequently shall be damaged or destroyed by fire, collapse, explosion or other cause or which shall be razed and remodeled or rebuilt, may be constructed, reconstructed, rebuilt, reestablished or repaired with or without off-street parking or loading facilities, except that parking or loading facilities equivalent to any maintained at the time of such damage, destruction or razing shall be restored or continued in operation, provided that the number of dwelling units, number of employees, or number of loading spaces remains the same. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-7: SCHEDULE OF REQUIREMENTS:
(A) Tables For Required Parking And Loading: Requirements governing the number and location of off-street parking and off-street loading facilities in relation to the use of property are established within this chapter. The parking and loading requirements for any use not specified therein shall be the same as for a similar specific use.
(B) Reduction Of Required Parking Spaces: The City Council may, by variance, reduce the total number of off-street parking spaces required for business and professional uses.
(C) Captive Market: Parking requirements for retail and restaurant uses may be reduced permanently where it can be determined that some portion of the patronage of these businesses comes from other uses (i.e., employees of area offices patronizing restaurants) located within a maximum walking distance of one thousand feet (1,000').
1. Central Business District. In lieu of an independent parking study, the following factors for captive market adjustments may be employed for uses in the Central Business District.
Retail/Service - 15% Reduction
Food and Beverage - 15% Reduction
General Offices - 5% Reduction
Financial Institutions - 5% Reduction
(Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997; amd. Ord. 1975, 1-6-1997)
6-7-8: RESIDENTIAL PARKING FACILITIES:
Off-street parking facilities accessory to residential use and developed in any residential district in accordance with the requirements of this Chapter shall be used solely for the parking of passenger automobiles owned by occupants of the dwelling structures to which such facilities are accessory or by guests of the occupants. Under no circumstances shall required parking facilities accessory to residential structures be used for the storage of commercial vehicles, or for the parking of automobiles belonging to the employees, owners, tenants, visitors, or customers of business or manufacturing establishments, except as permitted in Section 6-7-12.
(Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-9: JOINT AND SHARED PARKING FACILITIES:
Joint Parking: Off-street parking facilities for different buildings, structures or uses, or for mixed uses, may be provided collectively in any zoning district in which separate parking facilities for each constituent use would be permitted; provided, that the total number of spaces so located together shall not be less than the sum of the separate requirements for each use if the peak requirements of the uses in question overlap.
Shared Parking. Cumulative parking requirements for mixed-use occupancies may be reduced where it can be determined that the peak requirement of the several occupancies occurs at different times (either daily or seasonally). The Shared Parking report published by the Urban Land Institute may be used as a guideline in the estimation of parking demand. The process for approval and the use of land gained through Shared Parking shall conform to the land banking process in Section 6-7-7-B. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-10: CONTROL OF OFF-SITE FACILITIES:
When required accessory off-street parking facilities are provided elsewhere than on the lot on which the principal use served is located, they shall be in the same possession, either by deed or long-term lease, as the property occupied by the principal use, and the owner shall be bound by covenants filed on record in the office of the Recorder of Deeds or the Registrar of Titles of Lee County, requiring the owner and his heirs and assigns to maintain the required number of parking spaces during the existence of the principal use. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-11: PERMITTED DISTRICTS FOR ACCESSORY PARKING:
(A) Accessory parking facilities provided elsewhere than on the same zoning lot with the principal use served may be located in any zoning district except as follows:
1. No parking facility accessory to an apartment shall be located in an R-1 District.
2. No parking facility accessory to a business or manufacturing use shall be located in a residential district, except when authorized by the City Council as hereinafter prescribed.
3. No parking facility accessory to a manufacturing use shall be permitted in a B-1 or B-2 District.
(B) No accessory parking facility in a B-1 or B-2 District may be used to store impounded motor vehicles.
(C) All motor vehicles parked on an accessory parking facility must be licensed and registered.
(D) No inoperable motor vehicle may be kept at an accessory parking facility in a B-1 or B-2 District. As used in this Section, "inoperable motor vehicle" shall have the same definition as set forth in Section 4-7-1 (N) of the City Code.
(E) An accessory parking facility in a B-1 or B-2 District may only be used to park motor vehicles on a temporary basis not to exceed five (5) consecutive days. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997; amd. Ord. 2654, 09-10-2007)
6-7-12: NONRESIDENTIAL PARKING IN RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS:
Accessory off-street parking facilities serving nonresidential uses of property may be permitted in an R-3 District when authorized by the City Council, subject to the following requirements in addition to all other relevant requirements of this Section.
(A) The parking lot shall be accessory to, and for use in connection with, one (1) or more nonresidential establishments located in adjoining districts, or in connection with one (1) or more existing professional or institutional office buildings or institutions.
(B) The parking lot shall be used solely for the parking of passenger automobiles.
(C) No commercial repair work or service of any kind shall be conducted on the parking lot.
(D) No sign of any kind other than signs designating entrances, exits, and conditions of use, shall be maintained on the parking lot.
(E) The parking lot may be open from 7:00 A.M. to 9:00 P.M. and shall be closed at all other times; provided, however, that when supervised by one (1) or more full-time attendants, the parking lot may be kept open until 12:00 midnight.
(F) Each entrance to and exit from the parking lot shall be at least twenty feet (20') distant from any adjacent property located in any residential district, except where ingress and egress to the parking lot is provided from a public alley or public way separating the residential areas from the proposed parking lot.
(G) In addition to the foregoing requirements, such parking lots shall conform to any further requirements and conditions as may be prescribed by the City Council for the protection of properties adjacent to and in the vicinity of the proposed parking lot. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-13: DESIGN AND MAINTENANCE:
(A) Parking Space; Description: A required off-street parking space shall be not less than eight and a half feet (8 1/2') wide by nineteen feet (19') long, exclusive of access drives or aisles, ramps, columns, or office and work areas, accessible from streets or alleys or from private driveways or aisles leading to streets or alleys and to be used for the storage or parking of passenger automobiles or commercial vehicles under one and one-half (1 1/2) ton capacity. The nineteen foot (19') length may include up to two feet (2') of abutting space in a vegetative buffer or landscaped area over which a parked vehicle may extend, provided that no parked vehicle may project over a sidewalk or other pedestrian walkway. Aisles between vehicular parking spaces shall be at least the width designated in Figure 7.1, based on the angle of the parking stalls provided and whether the aisle serves one or two (2) rows of parking spaces.
(B) Measurement of Space: When determination of the number of required off-street parking spaces results in a requirement of a fractional space, any fraction up to and including one-half (1/2) shall be disregarded, and fractions over one-half (1/2) shall be interpreted as one (1) parking space.
(C) Access: Parking facilities shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a street or alley in such a manner as will least interfere with the movement of traffic. No driveway or curb cut in any district shall exceed twenty-five feet (25') in width.
(D) Signs: No signs shall be displayed in any parking area within any residential district, except such as may be necessary for the orderly use of the parking facilities.
(E) Required Setbacks: No parking space nor portion thereof established on the same zoning lot with a building shall be located within a required front yard. No parking spaces nor portion thereof established on a zoning lot without a building shall be located closer to any street line than the established building line on adjacent properties nor closer than the front yard setback required for the district in which the parking lot is located.
(F) Surfacing: All open off-street parking areas and driveways shall be improved with a compacted base, not less than six inches (6") thick, surfaced with asphaltic concrete or some comparable all-weather dustless material. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997; amd. Ord. 2482, 5-18-2004)
6-7-14: "SPECIAL USE" PUBLIC PARKING AREAS:
Any automobile parking area developed for transient trade, and not accessory to specific main uses or groups of uses for which parking is required by this Title, shall be treated as a "Special Use", as defined in Chapter 2 and as allowed in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 13 by the City Council. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-15: LOCATION OF PARKING AREAS:
Off-street automobile parking facilities shall be located as hereinafter specified; where a distance is specified, such distance shall be walking distance measured from the nearest point of the parking area to the nearest entrance of the building that the parking area is required to serve:
(A) For one (1) and two-family (2) dwellings, on the same lot with the building they are required to serve.
(B) For three (3) and four-family (4) dwellings not over two (2) stories in height, on the same lot or parcel of land as the building they are required to serve. For the purpose of this requirement, a group of such uses constructed and maintained under single ownership or management shall be assumed to be on a single lot or parcel of land.
(C) For apartment houses containing four (4) or more dwelling units, on the same lot or parcel of land as the building they are required to serve, or on a separate lot or parcel of land contiguous to the zoning lot upon which is located the building they are intended to serve; provided, the lot or parcel of land selected for the parking facilities is located in an apartment district or a less restricted district.
(D) For rooming houses, lodging houses, clubs, hospitals, sanitariums, orphanages, homes for the aged, convalescent homes, dormitories, sorority and fraternity houses, and for other similar uses, the off-street parking facilities required shall be on the same lot or parcel of land as the main building being served, or upon properties contiguous to the zoning lot upon which is located the building they are intended to serve.
(E) For uses other than those specified herein, off-street parking facilities shall be provided on the same lot or parcel of land as the main building being served, or on a separate lot or parcel of land not over one thousand feet (1000') from the entrance of the main building, measured from the nearest point of the parking area; provided, the separate lot or parcel of land intended for the parking facilities is located in the same district as the principal permitted use or in a less restricted district. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-16: SCHEDULE OF PARKING SPACES AND OFF-STREET LOADING FACILITIES:
USE | PARKING SPACES REQUIRED | LOADING SPACES REQUIRED |
USE | PARKING SPACES REQUIRED | LOADING SPACES REQUIRED |
Residential | ||
Single Family Dwelling Unit | 2 per Dwelling Unit | None |
Multi-Family Dwelling Unit | ||
Studio | 1.25 per Dwelling Unit | None required for the first 25 units; thereafter 1 space for every 100 units per building |
1 Bedroom | 1.5 per Dwelling Unit | |
2 Bedrooms or more | 2 per Dwelling Unit | |
Elderly Housing | 0.5 per Dwelling Unit plus 1 space for each employee at peak shift | None |
Accessory Dwelling Unit | 1 per Dwelling Unit | None |
Commercial Lodgings | 1 per sleeping room or unit, plus 1 space for each employee at peak hours plus any spaces required for restaurant/lounge, banquet areas & meeting rooms | As required for restaurant/lounge |
Group, Congregate, & Nursing Homes | 1 per 6 patient beds, plus 1 for each employee at peak shift | One |
Child Daycare Center | One space per employee, plus 0 .1 space per person of licensed capacity | None |
Hospital | 1 space per 3 beds, plus 0 .4 spaces per employee plus 1 space per 5 average daily out- patient visits plus 1 space per 10 emergency room treatments | 1 per 100,000 sq. ft. GFA up to 500,000 sq. ft., plus 1 per 200,000 sq. ft. thereafter |
Retail/Service | ||
General Retail | 3.3 per 1,000 sq. ft. of GFA | None for the first 10,000 sq. ft., then 1 per 30,000 sq. ft. up to 70,000 sq. ft. plus 1 per 80,000 sq. ft. thereafter |
Convenience Store | 4 per 1,000 sq. ft. of GFA | Same as general retail |
Service Retail | 2.5 per 1,000 sw ft of GFA | Same as general retail |
Hard Good Retail | 2.5 per 1,000 sq. ft. of GFA interior sales space, plus 1.5 per 1,000 ft of interior storage and/or exterior display/storage | Same as general retail |
Shopping Centers | 4 per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA for centers with up to 400,000 sq. ft., 4.5 per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA for centers 400,000 to 600,000 sq. ft., 5 per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA for centers with over 600,000 sq. ft. | 1 per 50,000 sq. ft. GLA up to 100,000 plus 1 per 100,000 sq. ft. up to 500,000 sq. ft. plus 1 per 200,000 sq. ft. thereafter |
Personal Care Services | 2 per treatment station, but not less than 4 per 1,000 sq. ft. GFA | None |
Coin Operated Laundries | 1 space per 2 machines | None |
Other Retail/Service Uses | As determined by the Building Official | Same as general retail |
Temporary Retail | 3.3 per 1,000 sq. ft. of GFA | None |
Bowling Alleys | 4 spaces per lane, plus additional spaces for restaurant, lounge, as required | Same as general retail |
Motor Vehicle Sales and Service | 2.5 per 1,000 sq. ft. of GFA interior sales space, plus 1.5 per 1,000 sq. ft. of external display (does not include stock areas closed to the public) plus 3 per service bay | Same as industrial |
Mortuary or Funeral Parlor | 7 spaces for each room used as a chapel, plus one for each funeral vehicle | One |
Food and Beverage | ||
Sit-down Restaurant/Lounge or Bar | 1 per 60 sq. ft. GFA | 1 per 40,000 sq. ft. |
Fast Food or Carry-out Restaurant | 1 per 3 seats, plus 3 per cashier station | With indoor seating area, one: with no seating area, none |
Office and Business Services | ||
General Offices | 4 per 1,000 sq. ft. of GFA for GFA up to 30,000 sq. ft.; 3.3 per 1,000 sq. ft. GFA for buildings with GFA over 30,000 sq. ft. | None for the first 30,000 sq. ft. then 1 per 100,000 sq. ft. thereafter |
Financial Institutions | 4 per 1,000 sq. ft. GFA | Non for the first 10,000 sq. ft. GFA then one per 500,000 sq. ft. up to 110,000 sq. ft. plus 1 per 100,000 sq. ft. thereafter |
Medical Offices | 3 per doctor employed, plus one per employee | Same as general offices |
Home Occupation Offices | One space in addition to the space(s) required for the dwelling | None |
Industrial | .65 spaces per employee based on the greatest number of employees present during a work shift, plus one space per each 500 sq. ft. of floor area open to the public for customer parking | 1 space per 25,000 sq. ft. up to 50,000 sq. ft., plus 1 space for the next 50,000 sq. ft., plus 1 space per 100,000 sq. ft. thereafter |
Storage/Wholesale/Utility | .65 spaces per employee based on the greatest number of employees present during a work shift, plus one space per each 500 sq. ft. of floor area open to the public for customer parking | 1 space for the first 50,000 sq. ft. GFA, plus 1 space per 100,000 sq. ft. thereafter |
Mini Warehouse | 3 spaces at the office | None |
Governmental | As determined by the Building Official | |
Educational | 1 space per classroom and other rooms used by students, plus .2 spaces per student over the driving age | 1 space per 100,000 sq. ft. GFA |
Cultural/Recreational/ Entertainment | ||
Public Assembly | .25 spaces per person in permitted capacity | 1 space per 100,000 sq. ft. GFA |
Public Recreation | .33 spaces per person in permitted capacity | 1 space per 100,000 sq. ft. GFA |
(Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-17: ADDITIONAL REGULATIONS; LOADING:
(A) Loading Berth; Description: An off-street loading berth shall be a hard surfaced area of land, open or enclosed, other than a street or a public way, used principally for the standing, loading or unloading of motor trucks, tractors and trailers so as to avoid undue interference with the public use of streets and alleys. A required loading space shall be not less than ten feet (10') in width, sixty feet (60') in length, and fourteen feet (14') in height, exclusive of access aisles and maneuvering space, except as otherwise specifically dimensioned hereafter.
(B) Location: No permitted or required loading berth shall be closer than fifty feet (50') to any property in a residential district unless completely enclosed by building walls, or a uniformly painted solid fence or wall, or any combination thereof not less than six feet (6') in height. No permitted or required loading berth shall be located within twenty-five feet (25') of the nearest point of intersection of any two (2) streets. Loading berths open to the sky may be located in any required yards.
(C) Measurement of Berth: When determination of the number of required off-street loading berths results in a requirement of a fractional berth, any fraction up to and including one-half (1/2) shall be disregarded, and fractions over one-half (1/2) shall be interpreted as one (1) loading berth.
(D) Surfacing: All open off-street loading berths shall be improved with a compacted crushed stone base, not less than seven inches (7") thick, surfaced with not less than two inches (2") of asphaltic concrete or some comparable all-weather dustless material. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)
6-7-18: AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT REQUIREMENTS:
(A) In any self park facility, a certain number of spaces must be set aside for wheel chair access as summarized in the following table:
Total Spaces | Minimum Accessible Spaces |
Total Spaces | Minimum Accessible Spaces |
1 to 25 | 1 |
26 to 50 | 2 |
51 to 75 | 3 |
76 to 100 | 4 |
101 to 150 | 5 |
151 to 200 | 6 |
201 to 300 | 7 |
301 to 400 | 8 |
401 to 500 | 9 |
501 to 1000 | 2% of total |
1001 & over | 20 plus 1 per 100 over 1,000 spaces |
Exceptions:
1. Outpatient units at medical care facilities - 10% of total spaces for that facility.
2. Medical Care Facilities specifically for treatment of the mobility impaired - 20% of the total spaces for that unit.
(B) Accessible Parking Space Dimensions:
1. Standard Accessible Spaces - Accessible spaces shall consist of a sixteen foot (16') wide parking stall adjacent to a eight foot (8') wide access aisle.
2. Vertical Clearance - Along at least one aisle to and from each accessible space, a minimum clearance of eight feet- two inches (98 inches) is required.
(C) Location Of Accessible Spaces:
1. Accessible parking spaces serving a particular building shall be located on the shortest accessible route of travel to an accessible entrance.
2. Accessible parking spaces need not be provided in each parking structure provided the different location has equivalent or greater accessibility in terms of distance from an accessible entrance.
3. Accessible parking spaces may be provided on one level of a multi-level parking structure.
(D) Accessible Route:
1. At least one accessible route with a continuous minimum clearance of thirty-six inches (36") must be provided from accessible parking spaces to the nearest accessible pedestrian entrance.
2. If an accessible route has less than sixty inches (60") clear width then passing spaces at least sixty inches (60") by sixty inches (60") must be located at reasonable intervals not to exceed every two hundred feet (200').
3. The floor slope along an accessible route shall not exceed 1:12 with a maximum rise of thirty inches (30") for any run.
4. A level landing shall be provided at the bottom of each ramp and top of each ramp run. The width of the landing shall be at least as wide as the ramp run and at least sixty inches (60") long. At changes in direction a sixty-inch (60") by sixty inch (60") landing shall be provided.
5. The cross slope of ramps shall not exceed 1:50.
6. The floor slope at loading zones shall not exceed 1:50.
7. It is preferable to provide the accessible route at the front of the stalls. Also, the accessible route shall avoid crossing lanes of vehicular travel. When crossing vehicular travel lanes is necessary, the route of travel shall be designated and marked by a crosswalk. (Ord. 1973, 1-6-1997)