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Newton City Zoning Code

§ 320-23

Parking and driveway standards.

A. 
Minimum parking requirements. Parking needs vary based on uses and location, access to transit and other modes of transportation. This chapter permits flexible parking standards based on the transect that the use is in, as well as other factors including shared parking possibilities, size of use and access to municipal parking lots. Parking requirements are based on use and transect zones as follows:
Parking Requirements by Transect Zone and Use
T-2/T-3
T-4
T-5/T-6
Residential
2.0/dwelling
1.5/dwelling
1.0/dwelling
Lodging
1.0/bedroom
1.0/bedroom
1.0/bedroom
Office
3.0/1,000 square feet
3.0/1,000 square feet
2.0/1,000 square feet
Retail
4.0/1,000 square feet
4.0/1,000 square feet
3.0/1,000 square feet
Restaurant
1.0/3.0 seats
1.0/3.0 seats
1.0/4.0 seats
Light industry
3.0/1,000 square feet
3.0/1,000 square feet
2.5/1,000 square feet
Special districts use T-4
(1) 
Assembly, stadium, educational facilities and religious institutions: one space per 1.25 employees plus one space for each five students, plus one space for each four fixed seats or where no maximum capacity or fixed seats exist, one space per 40 square feet of floor area available for public use.
[Added 4-24-2017 by Ord. No. 2017-6]
(2) 
For any residential units with three or more bedrooms, the provisions set forth in Residential Site Improvement Standards (RSIS) for parking shall apply. For any residential units with two bedrooms or less, the table in § 320-23A of the Code shall apply.
[Added 5-29-2024 by Ord. No. 2024-13]
B. 
Shared parking. In order to promote more efficient use of parking facilities, a parking space may be counted towards the parking requirement for two or more different uses provided that the parking is within 250 feet of the use and the use is on the shared parking factor table.
(1) 
The shared parking factor illustration below shows how shared parking can be calculated for two uses within the same vicinity of one parking area. The shared parking factor is used by adding together the parking requirement for each function then dividing it by the shared factor. For example, if a residential use requires 10 spaces and retail use requires 10 spaces, the total number of 20 spaces is divided by the shared parking factor of 1.2, yielding a requirement of 17 spaces. The shared parking factor should be utilized for uses in adjacent blocks within the proximity of a shared lot. When three functions share parking, the lowest factor should be used to assure enough parking is provided.
320 Shared Parking Factor.tif
(2) 
If uses do not meet the above requirements, shared parking may be provided if:
(a) 
The applicant demonstrates to the Planning Board's satisfaction that demand for shared parking spaces by each use, based on time of day, will not significantly overlap; and
(b) 
No more than 75% of the parking spaces counted toward any use are considered as shared spaces.
C. 
Surface parking.
(1) 
Surface parking areas shall be located to the side or rear of uses. Surface parking areas must be screened from visual access by the street or sidewalk.
(2) 
Parking lot layout, landscaping, buffering, and screening shall be provided to minimize direct views of parked vehicles from the street right-of-way and sidewalks, and to avoid spillover light, glare, noise or exhaust fumes onto adjacent properties. Parking lots exposed to view from any adjacent street shall be screened by a minimum of a three-and-one-half-foot decorative wall or landscape feature.
(3) 
Interiors of surface lots shall be landscaped with trees with a minimum caliper size of 3.5 inches. One tree shall be planted for every 10 parking spaces and may be planted in tree wells with a diamond configuration to allow for the use of adjacent parking spaces. Appropriate growth areas for roots shall be provided.
(4) 
Surface parking shall be screened from adjacent residential lots via wood board-on-board privacy fencing, or other fencing as deemed appropriate by the Planning Board, at least six feet in height and not exceeding eight feet in height, or by landscaping screening pursuant to § 240-8C.
(5) 
A ten-foot minimum buffered planter strip is required between surface parking lots and an adjacent property line.
(6) 
Parking lot layout should take into consideration pedestrian movement and pedestrian crossings shall be installed where deemed necessary by the Town Engineer.
(7) 
Parking and loading areas shall be designed according to the standards of § 240-8.
D. 
Structured parking. Multileveled structured parking may be considered to provide additional parking on site without using additional land area provided that it meets the following requirements:
(1) 
Structured parking shall utilize the architectural vocabulary of surrounding building facades and shall be made to appear as an occupied building or utilize liner buildings.
(2) 
Blank walls shall not be permitted.
(3) 
Structures shall utilize design elements such as arcades, awnings, landscaping, colonnades and/or street furniture to incorporate the building into the surrounding area.
(4) 
Parking entrances shall be identified through increased massing, architectural elements and/or signage to ensure the entrance is easily and safely visible from the access drive or street. Where possible, access shall be from secondary streets or alleys.
E. 
Residential driveways.
[Amended 8-26-2013 by Ord. No. 2013-22]
(1) 
Driveways on residential lots shall be no closer than three feet to any side or rear property line, except that, on lots that are 50 feet or less in width, the Zoning Officer may permit driveways to be located no closer than one foot to a side or rear property line. In those instances where a common driveway is proposed by adjoining property owners, then no driveway offset from the common property line is required.
(2) 
Off-street parking on areas other than driveways is prohibited.
[Amended 6-9-2014 by Ord. No. 2014-9; 9-16-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-19]
(3) 
All driveways shall be hard-surfaced with asphalt, concrete, gravel, crushed stone, pavers or other material that provides a durable, dust-free surface which meets or exceeds the minimum specifications prescribed by any zoning, construction, and/or land use requirements. All driveways shall be durable and maintained in good condition.
[Added 9-16-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-19]
(4) 
The total residential driveway area shall not exceed 50% of the principal dwelling footprint, plus a twelve-foot-wide driveway sufficient to connect to the municipal right-of-way, or the minimum parking area which is required in order to meet the parking requirements of § 320-23, whichever is larger.
[Added 9-16-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-19]
F. 
The parking, or maintenance of any commercial vehicles exceeding gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 15,000 pounds, including trailers and any items connected to and/or towed by the vehicle, located on any residential properties is prohibited. Garaging of all commercial vehicles exceeding 15,000 pounds in GVWR, including trailers and any items connected to and/or towed by the vehicle, is permitted on residential properties, provided the structure was lawfully constructed and is an enclosed solid structure with a full closed door.
[Added 8-26-2013 by Ord. No. 2013-22]