Carroll Valley City Zoning Code
PART 16
PARKING AND LOADING REGULATIONS
§ 27-1601 Statement of Legislative Intent.
[Ord. No. 1-2022, 5/10/2022]
1.
Ensure that uses of property are provided sufficient parking spaces to prevent unauthorized parking in roadways of other locations that may impact public safety.
2.
Require parking lot designs that accommodate parking demand while at the same time minimizing the potential visual, environmental, and public safety impacts of particularly larger parking lots.
3.
Incorporate parking lot design features that enable safe pedestrian movement through parking lots to uses and activity centers by minimizing the occurrence of pedestrian/vehicle interaction.
§ 27-1602 Required Parking Spaces.
[Ord. No. 1-2022, 5/10/2022]
1.
Unless otherwise regulated in this Part 16 or elsewhere in this chapter, the following minimum parking spaces are required. Any structure or building hereafter erected, converted, or enlarged for any of the following uses, or any open area hereafter developed for commercial, residential, or similar purposes, shall be provided with not less than the minimum off-street parking spaces, as set forth below. All spaces shall be readily accessible to the uses served thereby.
A.
Animal hospital: one space for every 750 square feet of floor area.
B.
Apartment building: 1.5 for each apartment.
C.
Apartment within a mixed-use property: 1.5.
D.
Bar/nightclub: one for every 300 square feet of floor area devoted to customer use.
E.
Bed-and-breakfast operation: one for every guest room, plus two for the dwelling unit.
F.
Business office: one for every 500 square feet of floor area.
G.
Car wash: one for every wash bay.
H.
Cemetery: one for every one acre of land area devoted to the cemetery use.
I.
Child-care facility: one for every 1,000 square feet of floor area, plus two for child drop-off and pick-up purposes.
J.
Commercial recreation/outdoor: one for every 10,000 square feet of land area devoted to the use.
K.
Community center: one for every 750 square feet of floor area.
L.
Conference center: one for every 500 square feet of meeting space.
M.
Convenience store: one for every 400 square feet of floor area devoted to customer use.
N.
Conversion housing: two for each dwelling unit.
O.
Distribution center: one for every 3,000 square feet of floor area.
P.
Family child care: one for child drop-off and pick-up purposes in addition to that required by this section for the residence.
Q.
Farm equipment sales facility: one for every 1,000 square feet of floor area.
R.
Farm market/agricultural tourism: one for every 500 square feet of floor area devoted to customer use.
S.
Farm-related business: one for every 750 square feet of floor area devoted to customer use.
T.
Farm stand: one for every 400 square feet of product display area.
U.
Farm worker housing: one for every dwelling unit.
V.
Financial institution: one for every 500 square feet of floor area.
W.
Golf course: two for each golf hole, plus one for every 500 square feet of floor area devoted to patron use.
X.
Group child care: two for child drop-off and pick-up purposes in addition to that required by this section for the residence.
Y.
Group home: one for every two residents, plus one for the operator.
Z.
Heavy industrial use: one for every 2,000 square feet of floor area devoted to the use.
AA.
Home occupation: one for every 300 square feet of floor area devoted to the use.
BB.
Homestay: one, plus two for the dwelling unit.
CC.
Hotel: one for every lodging room, plus one space for every 500 square feet of common customer area (lobby, attached restaurant, meeting rooms, etc.).
DD.
Infill housing: two for each dwelling unit.
EE.
Light industrial use: one for every 2,000 square feet of floor area devoted to the use.
FF.
Mixed-use property: the total minimum parking spaces required shall be the sum of the minimum parking spaces, as established in § 27-1602, for each individual use comprising the mixed-use property.
GG.
Mobile home/manufactured home/shed sales: one for every 300 square feet of floor area devoted to the mobile home or manufactured home sales function.
HH.
Mobile home park: one for each mobile home.
II.
Motel: one for every lodging room plus one space for every 500 square feet of common customer area (lobby, attached restaurant, etc.).
JJ.
Place of worship: one for every 500 square feet of the primary room of assembly.
KK.
Produce stand: one.
LL.
Professional office: one for every 500 square feet of floor area.
MM.
Recycling facility: one for every 3,000 square feet of floor area devoted to the use.
NN.
Rental storage: where an on-site rental office is present, one for every 400 square feet of office floor area.
OO.
Resort: the total minimum parking spaces required shall be the 80% of the sum of the minimum parking spaces, as established in § 27-1602, for each component part of the resort.
PP.
Restaurants: one space for every 300 square feet of floor area devoted to customer use.
QQ.
Retail store: one for every 500 square feet of floor area devoted to customer use.
RR.
School. For elementary schools and middle schools, four spaces for every five employees on-site during the school day. For high schools, four spaces for every five employees on site during the school day, plus one space for every five students.
SS.
Shopping plaza: one for every 500 square feet of floor area.
TT.
Single-family attached dwelling: two for each dwelling unit.
UU.
Single-family detached dwelling: two for each dwelling unit.
VV.
Single-family semidetached dwelling: two for each dwelling unit.
WW.
Site-specific facility: one for every 1,000 square feet of floor area devoted to citizen service.
XX.
Ski slope: 25 for every designated trail.
YY.
Studio: one for every 500 square feet of floor area devoted to product display and/or sales.
ZZ.
Two-family dwelling: two for each dwelling unit.
AAA.
Vacation rental: one for every guest room or suite, plus two for the dwelling unit.
BBB.
Vehicle sales: one for every 500 square feet of floor area devoted to customer sales or service.
CCC.
Vehicle service: one for every 500 square feet of floor area devoted to customer service.
§ 27-1603 Parking Design Standards.
[Ord. No. 1-2022, 5/10/2022]
1.
All off-street parking areas shall be designed to meet the following standards:
A.
Where three or more parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of § 27-1602, such spaces shall be provided in a parking lot.
B.
Surfacing. Surfacing of off-street parking area shall comply with the following standards:
(1)
Parking lots within the following zoning districts and/or serving the following uses shall be paved. Suitable paving material shall be asphalt or concrete:
(2)
Parking lots with more than 400 parking spaces and serving uses with a seasonal component (for example, a resort) may use parking lot surfacing options in accordance with the following:
(b)
A minimum of 25% of the parking required for the use shall be paved with asphalt or concrete. All spaces that serve year-round functions of the use shall be provided with paved parking spaces. If the parking space requirement for the year round functions represents more than 25% of all provided parking spaces, the paved parking percentage shall equal the percent of overall parking needed for the year-round functions.
(4)
Within the Agricultural (A) District, up to 50% of the parking spaces required for a specific use may be provided as reinforced grass overflow parking spaces instead of being surfaced in accordance with the above requirements.
(5)
Any parking spaces needed to meet ADA requirements for handicapped accessible parking shall be surfaced in accordance with ADA guidelines.
C.
Circulation Control. Parking lot circulation control shall be provided in accordance with the following:
(1)
Parking access drives, parking circulation drives, and parking aisle drives shall be a uniform width. Such drives shall be a minimum of 20 feet in width where two-way directional travel is proposed, and shall be a minimum of 12 feet in width where one-way directional travel is proposed.
(2)
Parking aisle drives terminating in a dead end shall be provided with sufficient back-up or turn around area for the end spaces.
(3)
Within parking lots with 25 or more parking spaces, the following design elements shall be included to enhance circulation control:
(a)
Terminal islands shall be provided at both ends of all parking space rows.
(b)
Where parking space rows are proposed with 20 or more parking spaces, one mid-row island shall be provided for every 20 contiguous parking spaces.
(c)
A divider strip between abutting parking space rows shall be installed.
(d)
Curbing or bumper blocks shall be provided around all terminal islands, mid-row islands, and divider strips to prevent vehicular encroachment.
(e)
Pedestrian walkways or sidewalks shall be provided. Such walkways or sidewalks shall be arranged so that a person using a parking space may walk from the parking space to the use the parking space serves without having to walk along or through other parking spaces or parking space aisles to access the use. Divider strips and perimeter landscape strips shall specifically be design to accommodate required pedestrian walkways or sidewalks. Any location where a walkway or sidewalk crosses an access drive or circulation drive shall be marked by a crosswalk and shall meet ADA requirements.
(4)
Within parking lots with 50 or more parking spaces, the following additional design elements shall be included to enhance circulation control:
(a)
Dedicated parking access drive and/or parking circulation drives shall be provided.
(b)
Parking access drives/parking circulation drives that are designed to run parallel to parking space aisles shall be separated from said parking space aisles by a divider strip.
(c)
Where intersections between parking access drives, parking circulation drives, and/or parking space aisles are proposed, said intersections shall be designed at 90° angles.
D.
Dimensional Requirements. All parking lots shall be subject to the following dimensional standards:
(1)
Each parking space shall be not less than 10 feet wide by 20 feet long.
(2)
Terminal islands shall measure not less than five feet in width and not less eight feet in length if installed at the end of a single parking space row and not less than 15 feet in length if installed at the end of two abutting parking space rows.
(3)
Mid-row islands shall measure not less than five feet in width and not less eight feet in length if installed within a single parking space row and not less than 15 feet in length if installed within two abutting parking space rows.
(4)
Divider strips shall measure not less than 10 feet in width and extend the full length of the two parking space rows that the divider strip separates.
E.
Parking Space Markers. All parking spaces within all parking lots shall delineate the location of the parking spaces within the lot. Space delineation shall comply with the following requirements:
(1)
Parking spaces within parking lots surfaced with asphalt or concrete shall be delineated by four inch wide painted lines or four inch wide road surface tape. Paint or road surface tape shall be reapplied as necessary to ensure continuous visibility of the limits of each parking space.
(2)
Parking spaces within parking lots provided with a surface other than asphalt or concrete are not required to be delineated with paint or road surface tape. In such instances, a bumper block shall be used to define the location and orientation of each parking space. Bumper blocks shall be replaced at any time when said markings become damaged.
F.
Parking Space Location and Orientation. Within parking lots with 25 or more parking spaces, all parking spaces shall be located and oriented in accordance with the following standards:
(1)
No parking space may be accessed from a parking access drive or a parking circulation drive. All parking spaces must be accessed from a parking space aisle.
(2)
All parking space aisles shall be oriented in the same direction.
(3)
All parking spaces aisles shall be parallel.
(4)
No parking space shall be located or oriented that requires a driver leaving the parking space to have to back into to intersection between a parking aisle and a parking access drive or parking circulation drive. For the purposes of this section, backing into an intersection shall be deemed to occur if any part of the vehicle extends beyond the edge of the terminal island that defines the boundary between the parking aisle and the intersecting parking access drive or parking circulation drive.
G.
Parking Lot Illumination. Parking lots shall comply with the following illumination standards where illumination is either required or proposed:
(1)
All lighting shall be arranged so as to prevent direct view of the light bulb or the lens covering the light bulb from adjoining properties and/or public rights-of-way. Full cut-off light fixtures shall be used to achieve this standard.
(2)
Light standards shall be protected from vehicular traffic by curbing or landscaping.
H.
Parking Lot Landscaping. All parking lots shall be designed in accordance with the following landscaping standards:
(1)
Minimum Standards.
(a)
Each terminal island shall include at least one major deciduous tree or two minor deciduous trees, with the remaining area landscaped with appropriate ground cover or grass.
(b)
Each mid-row island shall include at least one major deciduous tree or two minor deciduous trees, with the remaining area landscaped with appropriate ground cover or grass.
(c)
At least one major deciduous tree shall be planted for every forty-foot interval within the divider strip. Alternatively, at least two major deciduous trees shall be planted for every twenty-foot interval within the divider strip. The remaining area of the divider strip shall be landscaped with ground cover or grass. Pedestrian walkways may be substituted for a portion of the required ground cover or grass to facilitate pedestrian movements through the parking lot.
(d)
Perimeter Landscape Areas shall be provided for all parking lots in excess of 25 spaces and in accordance with the following standards:
1)
Perimeter landscaped areas shall be provided around the perimeter of all parking lots, except where the one side of the parking lot is bounded by a principle structure.
2)
The minimum width of the perimeter landscaping area around a parking area shall be five feet, measured outward from the edge of the parking lot.
3)
At least one major deciduous tree shall be planted for every forty-foot interval within the perimeter landscaping area. Alternatively, at least one minor deciduous tree shall be planted for every twenty-foot interval within the perimeter landscaping area. The remaining area of the perimeter landscaping strip shall be landscaped with appropriate ground cover or grass.
(e)
No planting shall be permitted that obstructs visibility for drivers at any intersection within a parking lot involving parking aisles, parking access drives, and parking circulation drives. The use of shrubs within terminal islands is specifically precluded.
(2)
Landscaping Plan Submission. A landscaping plan depicting the required plantings shall be provided with all required submissions in support of a given project. At a minimum, this includes applications for special exception approval and for zoning permit approval in accordance with this chapter, and for land development plan approval in accordance with Chapter 22, Subdivision and Land Development.
(3)
Landscaping Compliance Table. A table shall be provided with every landscaping plan with sufficient detail to demonstrate compliance with the landscaping requirements of this section. At a minimum, the table shall include the following:
§ 27-1604 Required Off-Street Loading/Unloading Spaces.
[Ord. No. 1-2022, 5/10/2022]
At least one off-street loading/unloading space shall be provided for all commercial and industrial concerns in excess of 3,500 square feet of floor area and that involve product movement and/or delivery. The number of loading/unloading spaces shall be left to the discretion of the developer.
§ 27-1605 Loading/Unloading Design Standards.
[Ord. No. 1-2022, 5/10/2022]
1.
All loading/unloading spaces shall be designed in accordance with the following standards:
A.
Loading/unloading spaces shall be at least 14 feet wide, 60 feet long and shall have at least a fifteen-foot vertical clearance.
B.
Loading/unloading spaces shall be provided a maneuvering area of sufficient size such that each loading space is provided safe and convenient access. Truck turning templates shall be provided on all site plans to depict the means by which trucks will access the loading/unloading space(s).
C.
Within the R1, R2, R3, C, and CC Districts all loading/unloading spaces shall be paved. Suitable paving material shall be asphalt or concrete.
E.
Required off-street parking space (including aisles) shall not be used for loading and unloading purposes except during hours when business operations are suspended.
F.
Loading/unloading spaces shall be designed so that trucks need not back in or out, or park in, any public right-of-way.
G.
No truck shall be allowed to stand in a public right-of-way, a parking lot (including parking aisle drives), or in any way block the effective flow of persons or vehicles.
H.
Loading and unloading areas, including areas provided for refuse removal, shall be located so as not to interfere with customer or employee parking areas. No loading/unloading or refuse removal functions may be conducted within parking aisle drives.
§ 27-1606 Handicap Accessible Parking Spaces.
[Ord. No. 1-2022, 5/10/2022]
1.
All parking areas shall provide handicap accessible parking spaces in accordance with the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Where the requirements of this chapter may conflict with specific requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act standards shall apply.
2.
Number of Accessible Spaces. All parking areas shall provide a minimum number of accessible parking spaces in accordance with the following:
Total Parking Spaces Provided (per lot) | Total Minimum Number of Accessible Parking Spaces Required |
|---|---|
1 - 25 | 1 |
26 - 50 | 2 |
51 - 75 | 3 |
76 - 100 | 4 |
101 - 150 | 5 |
151 - 200 | 6 |
201 - 300 | 7 |
301 - 400 | 8 |
401 - 500 | 9 |
501 - 1,000 | 2% of total parking provided in each lot |
1,001 and over | 20, plus 1 for each 100, or fraction thereof, over 1,000 |
3.
Number of Van-Accessible Spaces. One of every six accessible parking spaces, or fraction thereof, must be van-accessible.
4.
Design Requirements for Accessible Spaces. All handicap accessible parking spaces shall be designed in accordance with the following requirements:
A.
Accessible spaces shall have a minimum sixty-inch wide access aisle.
B.
Van-accessible spaces shall have a minimum ninety-six inch wide access aisle.
C.
Access aisles shall be marked with diagonal yellow stripes and shall be part of an accessible route to the building or structure served by the parking area.
D.
All accessible spaces shall be clearly marked with a sign displaying the Universal Symbol of Accessibility. Such signs shall not count against any sign limitation elsewhere in this chapter.