A.

General Provisions.

1.

Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to regulate on-site vehicular, pedestrian, and cyclist access and mobility in a manner that:

a.

Relieves traffic congestion on streets by limiting curb cuts and providing adequate off-street parking;

b.

Encourages the use of alternate forms of transportation including bicycling, public transit, walking, and ride sharing services;

c.

Avoids unnecessary conflicts between vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians; and

d.

Minimizes negative impacts on adjacent properties and the environment.

2.

Applicability. The provisions in this section shall apply to:

a.

New Development. All new buildings, structures, and land uses established after the adoption of this UDO shall comply with the regulations established in this section.

b.

Expansion. When an existing building or structure is expanded, the number of vehicle and bicycle parking spaces and/or loading facilities must be modified to meet the parking and loading regulations. The number of vehicle and bicycle parking spaces and/or loading facilities that must be modified will be determined by the parking ratio specified for that use in Section 16.04.001.B. However, buildings or uses lawfully established before the effective date of this UDO shall only be required to provide additional parking spaces and/or loading facilities if the floor area of the building or structure is expanded by more than fifteen percent (15%).

c.

New Use. Whenever the existing use of a building or structure is changed to a new use, parking or loading facilities shall be provided as required for such new use, unless otherwise approved as an administrative exception as detailed in Section 16.08.003.D.

3.

Location of Required Parking. Off-street parking shall be provided within three hundred (300) feet of the parcel to be served. Further, off-street parking shall be located on either:

a.

A lot in the same district in which the use is located; or

b.

A lot in a different district where the primary use is permitted.

4.

Parking in Required Yards.

Table 16.04.001.A.4. Parking in Required Yards

B.

Off-Street Parking Required.

1.

Minimum Requirements. Except as otherwise expressly stated, off-street parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the parking ratio requirements established in Table 16.04.001.B. Required parking spaces shall not interfere with drive-through facilities per Section 16.03.004.B.2 or loading and unloading activity.

a.

Parking Reserved for Specific User Groups. Parking spaces reserved for specific user groups other than ADA compliant spaces, spaces equipped with EVCS, and spaces for curbside pickup shall not count towards the minimum requirement.

2.

Off-Street Parking Reductions. Off-street parking requirements may be reduced in the following circumstances:

a.

One off-street parking space may be waived for every one on-street parking space located within three hundred (300) feet of the site.

b.

When bicycle parking is provided on-site in excess of the minimum standards required in Section 16.04.001.D, parking requirements may be reduced by one off-street parking space for every four bicycle parking space provided in excess of the minimum requirement, with a maximum permitted reduction of thirty percent (30%).

3.

Maximum Requirements. To minimize impervious surface area, no off-street parking area shall exceed the required minimum number of parking spaces by more than thirty percent (30%) for multi-unit residential, mixed, and nonresidential uses, except as approved by the community and economic development (CED) director. In approving additional spaces above the maximum, the CED director shall determine that the parking is needed based on documented evidence of actual use and demand provided by the applicant.

4.

Calculations. The following rules shall apply when calculating the required minimum number of parking spaces:

a.

Fractions. When measurements of the number of required spaces result in a fractional number, the number shall be rounded up to the next highest whole number.

b.

Area Measurements. Unless otherwise expressly stated, all area-based parking standards must be computed on the basis of gross floor area (GFA).

c.

Occupancy or Capacity-Based Standards. For the purpose of computing parking requirements based on employees, students, residents or occupants, calculations must be based on the greatest number of persons working on any single shift, the maximum enrollment, or the maximum fire-rated capacity, whichever is applicable as determined by the CED director and the fire department.

d.

Unlisted Uses. In the case of uses not listed in Table 16.04.001.B, the number of spaces for a similar use, as determined by the CED director, shall apply.

Table 16.04.001.B: Minimum Parking Requirements

5.

Shared Parking Facilities.

a.

Purpose. Shared parking is encouraged as a means of conserving land resources, reducing stormwater runoff, reducing the heat island effect caused by large, paved areas, and improving community appearance.

b.

Authorization. Shared parking facilities for off-street parking of two or more buildings or uses may be approved by the CED director subject to compliance with this section.

c.

Location. All off-street parking facilities proposed to be shared shall be located as follows:

i.

Within three hundred (300) linear feet of the primary entrance of a building with a residential principal use or a mix of residential and nonresidential uses; and

ii.

Within five hundred (500) linear feet of the primary entrance of a building with a nonresidential principal use.

d.

General Requirements.

i.

The number of parking spaces provided shall not be less than the sum of the separate requirements for each such building or use. Where a mix of two or more land uses create staggered peak periods of parking demand, shared parking agreements that have the effect of reducing the total amount of required parking may be approved by the CED director.

ii.

Required accessible parking spaces for persons with disabilities may not be shared and shall be located on-site.

iii.

Adjacent lots that are subject to a shared parking agreement shall be interconnected by the provision of a cross-access easement for vehicular and pedestrian passage.

e.

Shared Parking for Uses with Different Hours of Operation.

i.

Daytime Uses. Daytime uses include uses with primary operating hours in the morning, including, but not limited to:

(A)

Bank, credit union, financial services;

(B)

Coworking space;

(C)

General retail;

(D)

Medical clinic;

(E)

Personal service;

(F)

Professional Service;

(G)

Public cultural and community facilities; and

(H)

Other uses as determined by the CED director.

ii.

Evening or Weekend Uses. Evening uses are uses with primary operating hours after 12:00 p.m. Weekend uses are uses that primarily operate on Saturday and/or Sunday. These uses include but are not limited to:

(A)

Residential uses;

(B)

Place of worship;

(C)

Bar/tavern;

(D)

Food truck court;

(E)

Microbrewery/winery/distillery;

(F)

Restaurant;

(G)

Hotel/motel; and

(H)

Other uses as determined by the CED director.

C.

Standard Parking Space and Aisle Dimensions. Standard parking spaces for multi-unit residential, mixed, or nonresidential uses development, including interlocking standard parking spaces, shall comply with the minimum dimensional and layout requirements specified in Table 16.04.001.C.

Table 16.04.001.C: Standard Parking Stall and Aisle Dimensional Requirements

Figure 1 Standard Parking Space and Aisle Dimensions

D.

Bicycle Parking.

1.

Applicability. Bicycle parking shall be required pursuant to this Subsection for:

a.

All lots or tracts proposed for development that have parking lots with twenty (20) or more off-street parking spaces; and

b.

All park, recreation, or other public use areas.

2.

Exemptions. This Subsection does not apply to residential uses containing less than five dwelling units, including manufactured housing and mobile home parks.

3.

Number of Bicycle Parking Spaces. One bicycle parking space is required for each twenty (20) required off-street parking spaces; however, no less than three bicycle parking spaces shall be required on any lot or tract proposed for development.

4.

Bicycle Parking Design Standards.

a.

Bicycle parking shall be designed so that racks are securely anchored to a hard surface to prevent easy removal.

b.

Allowed bicycle parking systems include:

i.

Inverted U;

ii.

Inverted U series;

iii.

Post and ring;

iv.

Wheel well secured;

v.

Modified coat hanger;

vi.

Undulating; and

vii.

Other as approved by the CED director.

Figure 2 Bicycle Parking Design Standards

5.

Bicycle Parking Location Standards.

a.

The location of bicycle parking facilities shall be no farther from the main entrance of the primary use than the closest vehicular parking space not reserved for disabled users, as determined by the CED director.

b.

An aisle at least five feet wide shall be provided behind all required bicycle parking to allow room for bicycle maneuvering and to prevent hazards or obstructions to pedestrian traffic.

E.

Cross Access. To facilitate vehicular access between adjoining developments, encourage shared vehicle parking, and minimize access points along streets, new development or redevelopment containing nonresidential, mixed, or multi-unit residential uses shall comply with the following standards:

1.

Internal vehicular circulation systems shall be designed to allow for vehicular cross-access between the development's off-street parking areas and off-street parking areas in an adjoining nonresidential or mixed-use development, or to the boundary of adjoining vacant land zoned to allow nonresidential or mixed-use development;

2.

Required vehicular cross access between the adjoining lots shall be provided through the use of a frontage or service street (if the lots front on the right-of-way of a major thoroughfare), a single two-way maneuvering lane, or two one-way maneuvering lanes that are sufficiently wide to accommodate traffic by automobiles, service vehicles, loading vehicles, and emergency vehicles;

3.

The CED director may waive or modify the requirement for vehicular cross access on determining that such cross access is impractical or undesirable because it would require crossing a significant physical barrier, impeding on an environmentally sensitive area, or would create unsafe conditions; and

4.

Easements allowing access to and from properties served by a vehicular cross-access, along with agreements defining maintenance responsibilities of property owners, shall be recorded with the Champaign County Recorder of Deeds before issuance of a building permit for the development.

Figure 3 Cross Access

F.

Pedestrian Circulation System Standards.

1.

Off-street parking areas shall include on-site pedestrian circulation systems to ensure the safety of pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists.

2.

The on-site pedestrian circulation system shall comply with all ADA standards.

3.

The on-site pedestrian circulation system shall be marked, must connect all buildings on the site to one another, and must provide connections to the required vehicle and bicycle parking spaces.

4.

The on-site pedestrian circulation system must connect building entrances to adjacent public rights-of-way along direct routes that do not require significant out-of-direction travel.

5.

The on-site pedestrian circulation system shall provide at least one connection to adjacent properties along a shared street frontage. Connections must provide access to existing walkways on adjacent properties, or to the likely future location of walkways on those properties. The CED director may waive this requirement upon determining that no walkway exists, a future walkway is unlikely to exist, or such connection would create a safety hazard.

Figure 4 Pedestrian Circulation Standards

(Ord. No. 2025-O-03, § 10(Att. A), 2-12-25)

A.

One-Unit, Duplex, and Townhome Driveway Standards. A single-slab or ribbon driveway from the property line to the off-street parking shall be provided and shall be in conformance with the following criteria.

1.

Limit of One. One single-slab or ribbon driveway and one curb cut shall be permitted per every seventy-five (75) feet of frontage of a one-unit, duplex, or townhome residential lot. A maximum of two curb cuts may be allowed per parcel.

2.

Access. Other residential parcels taking access from collector or arterial streets as determined by the CUUATS shall share driveways in order to protect public safety by limiting curb cuts.

3.

Single-Slab Driveway Design Standards. Single-slab driveways shall not exceed thirty-two (32) feet in width at the curb cut.

Figure 5 Single-Slab Driveway Standards

4.

Ribbon Driveway Design Standards.

a.

Ribbons shall be between two and three feet wide.

b.

Ribbons shall be a minimum of three feet apart measured from their nearest edges. The space between ribbons shall be planted in turf grass or other ground cover used in the front yard.

Figure 6 Ribbon Driveway Standards

5.

Garage Access Drive. A garage access drive spanning the width of the garage, as measured from one foot on either side of the garage doors, shall extend at least ten (10) feet from the garage door(s) to the property line.

Figure 7 Garage Access Drive Standards

6.

Parking Pad.

a.

Limit of One. A driveway serving a one-unit or duplex use may be extended to include one parking pad.

b.

Configuration.

i.

A parking pad shall be a maximum of twelve (12) feet in width.

ii.

The portion of the parking pad adjacent to the driveway shall have a maximum length of twenty (20) feet, as measured from the front façade line of the garage. A minimum seven-foot taper shall be included in the twenty (20) foot maximum.

iii.

The portion of the parking pad adjacent to the garage shall have a maximum length equal to the depth of the garage, as measured from the front façade line of the garage.

c.

Location. The parking pad shall be set back a minimum of five feet from any side property line

Figure 8 Parking Pad Standards

B.

Multi-Unit Residential, Mixed-Use, and Nonresidential Driveway Standards.

1.

Location.

a.

Where an off-street parking and/or loading area of a lot abuts an alley or a corner side street, access to the off-street parking and/or loading area shall be obtained from a driveway off the alley or corner side street.

b.

No lot shall have multiple driveways for purposes of vehicular ingress and egress without a minimum of two hundred (200) foot separation between such curb cuts along a street.

2.

Driveway Design Standards. The maximum width of driveways serving multi-unit residential, mixed, or nonresidential uses shall be thirty-two (32) feet unless otherwise approved by the public works director to ensure compliance with acceptable engineering and traffic design principles and standards.

Figure 9 Multi-Unit Residential, Mixed-Use, and Nonresidential Driveways Standards

(Ord. No. 2025-O-03, § 10(Att. A), 2-12-25)

A.

Applicability.

1.

Landscape improvements required by this section shall apply to all new development containing multi-unit residential, mixed, or nonresidential uses and to substantial reinvestment or redevelopment resulting in a replacement or increase of fifty percent (50%) of the building or structure's gross floor area, unless otherwise required in this section.

2.

Landscape improvements required by this section shall not be required for changes of use or minor site alterations which amount to less than fifty percent (50%) of the building or structure's gross floor area, unless otherwise required in this section.

3.

Landscape improvements required by this section shall consist of living vegetation in a combination of plants, trees, shrubs, native grasses, perennials, and/or groundcover (hereinafter referred to collectively as landscaping).

B.

General Provisions.

1.

Unless otherwise stated in this section, all size specifications for plant materials shall be based upon the time of planting. When caliper is specified for tree planting, the caliper of the tree trunk shall be measured at four and one-half feet above the ground.

2.

Any plant materials used to meet the requirements of this section shall not include any plant material identified as an invasive species by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.

C.

Planting Types.

1.

Canopy Trees. A woody plant (deciduous or evergreen) having no less than a two and one-half inch caliper with single central axis which typically reaches a mature height of at least forty (40) feet and a mature spread of at least fifteen (15) feet.

2.

Understory Trees. A woody plant having no less than a one and one-half inch caliper, or six feet tall for multiple stem species, that normally attains a mature height of at least fifteen (15) feet.

3.

Evergreen Trees. A tree having foliage that persists and remains green throughout the year and has a height of no less than six feet at installation and maturing to a height of at least twenty (20) feet.

4.

Shrubs. A woody plant (deciduous or evergreen) of low to medium height characterized by multiple stems continuous from its base and having a height of no less than two feet, unless otherwise classified as a shrub by the State of Illinois.

5.

Native Grasses. Grasses that are native to the State of Illinois, not including noxious weeds.

6.

Herbaceous Perennials. Plants with nonwoody stems whose above-ground growth largely or completely dies back during winter months, but whose underground plant parts (roots, bulbs, etc.) survive.

7.

Groundcover. Spreading herbaceous plants other than turf grass, prostrate shrubs, or woody vines normally reaching an average maximum height of eighteen (18) inches at maturity.

Figure 11 Planting Types

D.

Required Landscape Zones. Figure 11 illustrates the location of the required landscape zones as detailed in the following sections. The CED director may approve exceptions to the required landscape zone as an administrative exception specified in Section 16.08.003.D.

Figure 10 Required Landscape Zone

E.

Building Foundation Landscape Zone. Where a front yard setback is required, all multi-unit residential, mixed use, or nonresidential development shall include landscaping located at the building foundation as required by this section, with the exception of food processing facilities regulated by the FDA. Landscaping required by this section shall be in addition to landscaping required under other sections of this UDO. It is the objective of this section to provide a softening effect, all multi-unit, mixed use, or nonresidential development at the base of buildings.

1.

Foundation plantings shall be maintained along front and exterior side yards with a minimum width of seven feet for the planting area.

2.

Foundation plantings shall be designed to supplement buffer yard plantings to frame important views, while visually softening long expanses of walls.

3.

Foundation plantings shall be installed across forty percent (40%) of the length of the façade of the building.

4.

Foundation plantings may include trees, shrubs, native grasses, and groundcover.

5.

Where the area between the building and parking lot or street curb is entirely paved for pedestrian use, landscaping may consist of canopy trees planted in structural soils beneath tree grates or permeable pavement at the rate of one tree per fifty (50) linear feet of building facade. Minimum structural soil volume shall be six hundred (600) cubic feet.

6.

Above-ground planter boxes designed for stormwater management installed along building facades may be substituted for foundation plantings.

7.

Required foundation plantings may be installed between parking lots and the building but shall be installed within twelve (12) feet of the building façade.

Figure 12 Building Foundation Landscape Zone

F.

Parking Area Perimeter Landscape Zone. It is the objective of this section to provide screening between off-street parking areas and rights-of-way, and to provide for the integration of stormwater management with required landscaping. Landscaping required by this section shall be in addition to landscape required under other sections of this UDO.

1.

Location. All off-street parking areas which abut a public or private right-of-way, excluding alleys, shall include landscaping and trees as required by this section. These shall be located between the back of curb of the off-street parking area and the right-of-way.

2.

Applicability. The parking lot perimeter landscaping regulations of this section apply to the following:

a.

The construction or installation of any new off-street parking area; and

b.

The expansion of any existing off-street parking area by twenty percent (20%) or more of the total area of the parking lot.

3.

Requirements. Perimeter landscaping shall be established along the edge of the off-street parking area and have a minimum width of seven feet as measured from the back of curb of the off-street parking area, to accommodate vehicle bumper overhang and ensure planting areas that are adequate in size.

a.

A low masonry wall or fence up to three feet in height may be used in conjunction with required landscaping as detailed above. Plant materials shall be installed between the sidewalk and the fence or wall to provide a softening effect.

b.

One shrub or native grasses, the height of which be between three feet and five feet, shall be planted for every four feet of landscape area length when no masonry wall or fence is provided as described in this subsection, or when such wall or fence is not entirely opaque. One shrub or native grass shall be planted every eight feet when an opaque masonry wall or fence is provided as detailed in this subsection. Such plantings may be clustered or spaced at even intervals as deemed appropriate by the CED director.

c.

Landscaping areas outside of shrubs/native grasses and trees shall be planted in live ground cover. A low masonry wall or fence up to three feet in height may be used in conjunction with required landscaping as detailed above. Plant materials shall be installed between the sidewalk and the fence or wall to provide a softening effect.

Figure 13 Parking Area Perimeter Landscape Zone Requirements

G.

Parking Area Interior Landscape Zone. It is the objective of this section to provide shade within parking areas, break up large expanses of parking area pavement, support stormwater management where appropriate, improve the appearance of parking lots as viewed from rights-of-way, and provide a safe pedestrian environment. All off-street parking areas shall include landscaping located within the off-street parking area as required by this section. Landscaping required by this section shall be in addition to the landscaping required under other sections of this title.

1.

Applicability. The parking area interior landscaping zone regulations of this section apply to the following:

a.

The construction or installation of any new off-street parking lot containing ten (10) or more parking spaces; and

b.

The expansion of any existing off-street parking area if the expansion would result in ten (10) or more new parking spaces.

2.

Requirements.

a.

For off-street parking areas consisting of ten (10) or more continuous spaces, interior parking area landscaping as described in this section shall be required.

b.

Off-street parking areas consisting of fewer than ten (10) continuous spaces that are located in front or to the side of the principal building shall be required to terminate all rows of parking with a parking area end cap meeting the standards of Subsection G.4 below.

c.

Off-street parking areas consisting of fewer than ten (10) continuous spaces located to the rear of the principal building shall be exempt from parking area interior landscaping zone requirements.

3.

Quantity. The quantity of required parking area interior landscaping shall be determined by the location of the off-street parking area in relation to the primary building as detailed below.

a.

Off-Street Parking Areas in Front or Side of Primary Building.

i.

Parking Area End Caps. A parking area end cap shall be located at the end of any row of parking bordered by a drive aisle, public or private street, or pedestrian circulation system.

ii.

Parking Area Median Amount Required. Parking area medians shall be placed between every third row of parking.

iii.

Parking Area Island Amount Required. Parking area islands shall be located between rows of parking that are not required to have parking area medians. Parking area islands shall be spaced not more than ten (10) continuous spaces apart.

Figure 14 Parking Area Interior Landscape Zone—Front or Side

b.

Off-Street Parking Areas in Rear of Primary Building.

i.

Parking Area End Caps. A parking area end cap shall be located at the end of any row of parking bordered by a drive aisle, public or private street, or pedestrian circulation system.

ii.

Parking Area Median or Parking Area Island Amount Requirement. The developer may choose to install either parking area medians or parking area islands. If the developer chooses to install parking area medians, they shall be placed between every third row of parking. If the developer chooses to install parking area islands, they shall be spaced not more than one-hundred eighty (180) feet or more than twenty (20) continuous spaces apart.

Figure 15 Parking Area Interior Landscape Zone—Rear

4.

Parking Area End Cap Standards.

a.

Size. Parking area end caps shall be a minimum of ten (10) feet wide by eighteen (18) feet long, as measured from the back of the curb to back of the opposite curb, and shall have a minimum soil depth of thirty-six (36) inches. Double rows of parking shall provide parking area end caps opposite one another to form a continuous single end cap.

b.

Planting. A minimum of one canopy tree and three native grasses shall be provided for every parking area end cap. If the end cap extends the width of a double row, then two canopy trees shall be provided. The mature height of the shrubs or native grasses shall not exceed thirty-six (36) inches and all canopy trees shall not branch below eight feet to preserve sight lines and visibility within the parking lot.

c.

Design. Parking area end caps shall be protected with concrete curbing or other suitable barriers approved by the CED director. Such end caps shall be properly drained or irrigated as appropriate to the site conditions to ensure survivability of plant materials and proper stormwater management function.

Figure 16 Parking Area End Cap Standards

5.

Parking Area Median Standards.

a.

Size. Parking area medians shall have a minimum width of ten (10) feet and minimum soil depth of thirty-six (36) inches.

b.

Planting. A minimum of one canopy tree and fifteen (15) shrubs or native grasses shall be planted for each fifty (50) linear feet of parking area median. The mature height of the shrubs or native grasses shall not exceed thirty-six (36) inches and no canopy tree shall branch below eight feet to preserve sight lines and visibility within the parking lot.

c.

Design. Parking area medians shall be protected with concrete curbing unless the parking area median is designed to be utilized for stormwater management, in which case the perimeter shall be protect by wheel stops or other suitable barriers approved by the CED director. Such medians shall be properly drained or irrigated as appropriate to the site conditions to ensure survivability of plant materials and proper stormwater management function.

Figure 17 Parking Area Median Standards

6.

Parking Area Island Standards.

a.

Requirements. Parking area islands shall only be required for parking areas with ten (10) or more continuous spaces in a row.

b.

Size. Parking area islands shall be a minimum ten (10) feet wide by eighteen (18) feet long and shall have a minimum soil depth of thirty-six (36) inches. Double rows of parking shall provide parking area islands opposite one another to form continuous single islands.

c.

Planting. A minimum of one understory tree shall be provided for every parking area island. If the island extends the width of a double bay, then two understory trees shall be provided. Understory trees shall not branch below eight feet to preserve sight lines and visibility within the parking lot.

d.

Design. Parking area islands shall be protected with concrete curbing or other suitable barriers approved by the CED director. Such islands shall be properly drained or irrigated as appropriate to the site conditions to ensure survivability of plant materials and proper stormwater management function.

Figure 18 Parking Area Island Standards

7.

Pedestrian Circulation Systems. Pedestrian circulation systems, as required in the interior of off-street parking areas in Section 16.04.001.F, shall be located along parking area medians. The CED director may waive or modify this requirement upon determining that locating pedestrian circulation systems along parking area medians is impractical due to site conditions or undesirable because it would create unsafe conditions.

8.

Pedestrian-Scale Lighting. Pedestrian-scale lighting of an adequate height and design is encouraged to be provided at adequate intervals to illuminate the pedestrian circulation systems.

9.

Type of Landscape Material. Except in areas designed as vegetated stormwater management areas, canopy trees shall be the primary plant materials used in parking area islands, and canopy trees and shrubs or native grasses shall be the primary plant materials used in parking area medians. Understory trees, perennials, groundcover, and other plant materials may be used to supplement the required plantings but shall not create visibility concerns for automobiles and pedestrians. If medians or islands are designed as stormwater management areas, deviations from required plantings may be approved by the CED director.

10.

Groundcover. The surface area of every parking area island and median shall be planted with a mix of rocks, plant material, or other materials approved by the CED director.

H.

Transition Zone Landscape Requirements. Transition zone landscaping shall be required along interior property lines of development or redevelopment as established in Table 16.04.003.H.2. It is not expected that the transition area will totally screen such uses but rather will minimize land use conflicts and enhance aesthetics. Landscaping required by this section shall be in addition to landscaping required under other sections of this UDO.

1.

Applicability. Transition zone landscaping is required as follows:

a.

The construction or installation of any new primary building or primary use; and

b.

The expansion of any existing primary building or primary use that results in an increase in gross floor area by more than five percent or one thousand (1,000) square feet, whichever is greater. In the case of expansions that trigger compliance with transition zone requirements, transition zone landscaping is required only in proportion to the degree of expansion. The CED Director is authorized to allow the transition zone to be established adjacent to the area of expansion or to disperse transition zone landscaping along the entire length of the property line.

2.

Transition Zone Types. Four transition zone types are established in recognition of the different contexts that may exist, as shown in Table 16.04.003.H.2. Transition zones may include a combination of elements including setback distances for separation, planting types, solid fencing, green walls, vegetated stormwater management areas, living groundcover, or turf.

Table 16.04.003.H.2: Transition Zone Types

Figure 19 Transition Zone Type A

Figure 20 Transition Zone Type B

Figure 21 Transition Zone Type C

Figure 22 Transition Zone Type D

3.

Application of Transition Zone Types. Transition zones shall be provided based on Table 16.04.003.H.2, except where adjacent uses are of a similar nature, scale, and intensity as determined by the CED director. As per Table 16.04.003.H.3 the type of required transition zone is dependent upon the land use type of the subject lot and the land use type of the adjacent lot(s).

Table 16.04.003.H.3: Application of Transition Zone Types

I.

Species Diversity Requirements. The following species diversity standards shall be required for all developments, unless otherwise approved by the CED Director in conjunction with approval of vegetated stormwater management areas.

1.

A minimum of fifty percent (50%) of the landscape elements utilized on a parcel that is less than one-half acre shall be drought tolerant native species.

2.

A minimum of sixty percent (60%) of the landscape elements utilized on a parcel that is between one-half and five acres shall be drought tolerant native species. Total landscape elements, excluding turf, shall not be comprised of more than thirty percent (30%) of any single species or fifty percent (50%) of any genus.

3.

A minimum of seventy-five percent (75%) of the landscape elements utilized on a parcel that is greater than five acres shall be drought tolerant native species. Total landscape elements, excluding turf, shall not be comprised of more than twenty percent (20%) of any single species or twenty-five percent (25%) of any genus.

J.

Installation and Maintenance of Landscape Zones.

1.

Immediately upon planting, all landscaping shall conform to the American Standard for Nurserymen, published by the American Association of Nurserymen, Inc., as revised from time to time.

2.

Dead plant materials shall be replaced within sixty (60) days, taking into consideration the season of the year, and shall have at least the same quantity and quality of landscape elements as initially approved. If the particular project is constructed in more than one phase, the sixty (60) day timeframe shall apply to each individual phase.

3.

All landscape shall be maintained in a healthy, clean, and weed-free condition, taking into consideration the season of the year. The ground surface of landscape areas shall be covered with either turf and/or other types of pervious groundcover or mulch.

4.

All landscape zones shall be irrigated as follows:

a.

For stormwater management areas where irrigation is not specified, all installed plantings shall be guaranteed to the village for a period of eighteen (18) months following municipal approval of installation. During this guarantee period, the landowner shall supply water as necessary to promote successful establishment and growth; and

b.

Any required landscaped zone not intended for stormwater management greater than one hundred and fifty (150) square feet in area shall be provided with an underground irrigation system or with a portable water supply within fifty (50) feet of said landscaped areas.

K.

Tree Preservation Credit.

1.

The preservation of existing natural trees in any location on a site may be credited toward meeting the requirements for tree planting anywhere in the landscaping requirements in Section 16.04.003.

2.

Trees shall be in healthy growing condition at the time tree preservation is approved. The public works director shall certify trees to be preserved are in appropriate growing condition.

3.

The preservation of trees shall be credited as specified in Table 16.04.003.K below.

Table 16.04.003.K. Tree Replacement Rate

(Ord. No. 2025-O-03, § 10(Att. A), 2-12-25)

A.

Grease Traps, Trash, and Recycling Receptacles. The following regulations shall apply to all new or expanded multi-unit residential, mixed-use, or nonresidential developments. This includes any construction, installation, or modifications to existing facilities.

1.

Grease traps, trash, and recycling receptacles shall be screened on three sides with a solid, opaque material with a minimum height of six feet and a maximum height of eight feet.

2.

Materials used for screening shall complement the exterior building cladding materials of the primary building.

3.

If enclosures are to be attached to buildings, they shall comply with applicable fire and building codes.

4.

Shrubs shall be installed every three feet along the exterior of the enclosure, with the exception of enclosure openings, to provide a softening effect.

5.

Enclosure openings shall be gated with an opaque material.

6.

Enclosure openings shall be kept closed at all times except for when the receptacle is being accessed.

7.

Property owners shall be responsible for ensuring that grease traps, trash, and recycling receptacles are placed in the enclosure at all times other than when they are being accessed.

8.

Access drives shall be constructed of materials and to a thickness which accommodates truck loading. Year-round access to the enclosure area for service trucks shall be maintained by the property owner or tenant.

9.

Enclosures shall be of an adequate size to accommodate expected containers. The enclosure shall be designed to be expandable to accommodate future additional containers.

10.

Enclosure structures shall be designed to protect the walls from damage by containers. Such protection may be provided by the use of barrier curbing, reinforced masonry walls, or other similar means.

11.

Grease traps, trash, and recycling receptacle enclosures shall not occupy areas used for required parking spaces.

Figure 23 Grease Traps, Trash, and Recycling Receptacles Screening

B.

Ground/Wall Mounted Mechanical Units. The following regulations shall apply to all new ground- and wall-mounted mechanical units in multi-unit residential, mixed-use, or nonresidential districts, including, but not limited to generators, air-conditioning and heat pump condensers, ventilation units, computer cooling equipment, and any related utility structures. Tanks and/or silos accessory to a brewery, winery, and/or distillery are exempt from these requirements.

1.

Locating mechanical units within the primary building is strongly encouraged to minimize exterior visual impacts. Ground-mounted mechanical units are prohibited within the front yard, regardless of whether screening is provided.

2.

Ground/wall mounted mechanical units that are visible from any public right-of-way or adjacent residential property shall be screened from public view.

3.

Materials used for screening shall be designed and established with a maximum opacity of twenty percent (20%). Evergreen hedges or opaque walls such as stone masonry shall be allowed.

4.

Chain-link fence or slats in chain-link fence shall not be used to meet this requirement.

Figure 24 Ground/Wall Mounted Mechanical Unit Screening

C.

Roof Mounted Mechanical Units. The following regulations shall apply to all roof mounted mechanical units, including, but not limited to air-conditioning and heat pump condensers, ventilation units, computer cooling equipment, etc., and any related utility structures and equipment which service multi-unit residential, nonresidential, or mixed-use developments.

1.

New Development.

a.

Locating mechanical units within the primary building is strongly encouraged to minimize exterior visual impacts.

b.

Roof mounted mechanical units that are visible from any public right-of-way or adjacent residential property shall be completely screened from public view.

c.

Materials used for screening shall be architecturally integrated with the building and shall be continuous and permanent.

d.

Additional screening may be required due to topographic differences in the adjoining properties.

2.

New Equipment. Screening shall be required when new equipment is installed and shall be provided around both new and existing roof mounted mechanical units in order to provide visual continuity. Normal maintenance of roof mounted mechanical units shall not effect the screening requirements.

Figure 25 Roof-Mounted Mechanical Unit Screening

(Ord. No. 2025-O-03, § 10(Att. A), 2-12-25)

A.

General Provisions.

1.

Application. This section applies to all fences and walls with a height of thirty (30) inches or more above finished grade. Any owner or authorized agent who intends to construct, enlarge, alter, repair, relocate, or demolish a fence, shall first file an application to the CED director and obtain the required permit.

2.

Location. All fences allowed in this section shall be located:

a.

Wholly within or along property lines;

b.

Outside of a clear sight triangle as detailed in Section 16.04.009;

c.

In a manner which does not block access to underground utility access structures; drainage structures; telephone, electric, cable television or gas pedestals; or fire hydrants;

d.

A minimum of two inches above finished grade if located in a drainage swale or a drainage easement; and

e.

In a manner which does not inhibit the function of stormwater drainage structures.

3.

Construction Standards.

a.

Fences that are leaning at an angle of fifteen (15) degrees or greater are considered dangerous and shall be in violation of this UDO. They shall be removed or replaced.

b.

All fences shall be erected so that the posts and all other supporting structures face inward toward the owner's property.

B.

Fences on Lots with One-Unit, Duplex, or Townhome Uses. Fences on lots with one-unit, duplex, or townhome uses shall meet the requirements established below.

1.

Prohibited Materials. Barbed wire, razor wire, metal mesh, chicken wire, or makeshift materials such as plywood or tarps shall be prohibited.

2.

Fences in Front and/or Exterior Side Yards.

a.

Height.

i.

Fences in front and/or exterior side yards shall not exceed four feet in height.

ii.

Fences in exterior side yards may have a maximum height of six feet if:

(A)

Located a minimum of five feet from the property line; and

(B)

Improved with a landscape area between the fence and right-of-way including the landscape elements required for a transition zone type A as detailed in Table 16.04.003.H.2.

b.

Materials.

i.

Fences in front yards and/or exterior side yards shall be made of materials that allow for a maximum opacity of fifty percent (50%).

ii.

Fences in exterior side yards may have a maximum opacity of one hundred percent (100%) if:

(A)

Located a minimum of five feet from the property line; and

(B)

Improved with a landscape area between the fence and right-of-way including the landscape elements required for a transition zone type A as detailed in Table 16.04.003.H.2.

iii.

Fence materials utilized in front yards and/or exterior side yards shall complement fence materials utilized in other yards.

iv.

Permitted fence materials in front yards and/or exterior side yards shall be only those materials which are designed and intended for use in fence installations and shall be limited to:

(A)

Vegetation;

(B)

Wood, chemically treated or naturally resistant to decay;

(C)

Wood composites;

(D)

Aluminum;

(E)

Vinyl/PVC;

(F)

Wrought iron; and

(G)

Other similar materials as approved by the CED director.

Figure 26 One-Unit, Duplex, Townhome Use Fencing—Front and/or Exterior Side

3.

Fences in Interior Side and Rear Yards.

a.

Height. Fences in interior side and/or rear yards shall have a maximum height of six feet.

b.

Materials.

i.

Permitted fence materials in interior side/rear yards shall be only those materials which are designed and intended for use in fence installations and shall be limited to:

(A)

Masonry;

(B)

Wood, chemically treated or naturally resistant to decay;

(C)

Wood composites;

(D)

Aluminum;

(E)

Vinyl/PVC;

(F)

Wrought iron; and

(G)

Other similar materials as approved by the CED director.

c.

Location. Fences in interior side/rear yards shall not be located beyond the established front façade of the principal building on the lot or the principal building on the adjacent lot unless all standards in Section 16.04.005.B are met.

Figure 27 One-Unit, Duplex, Townhome Use Fencing—Interior Side/Rear Yards

C.

Fences on Lots with Multi-Unit Residential, Mixed, or Nonresidential Uses. Fences on lots with multi-unit residential, mixed, or nonresidential uses shall meet the following standards.

1.

Height. The maximum height of fences shall not exceed eight feet.

2.

Location. Fences shall be located in rear and side yards only, unless otherwise required by this UDO.

3.

Materials. Permitted fence materials on lots with multi-unit residential, mixed, or nonresidential uses shall be only those materials which are designed and intended for use in fence installations and shall be limited to:

a.

Masonry;

b.

Wood, chemically treated or naturally resistant to decay;

c.

Wood composites;

d.

Aluminum;

e.

Vinyl/PVC;

f.

Wrought iron; and

g.

Other similar materials as approved by the CED director.

Figure 28 Fences—Multi-Unit Residential, Mixed-Use, and Nonresidential Uses

(Ord. No. 2025-O-03, § 10(Att. A), 2-12-25)

A.

Applicability. The standards of this section shall apply to all new multi-unit residential, mixed use, or nonresidential development, including new buildings or additions to existing structures, in the R-3, R-4, C-1, C-2, DT, I-1, and I-2 districts.

B.

Exterior Building Cladding Materials. Allowable exterior building cladding materials shall be as detailed in Table 16.04.006.B below. Glazing shall not be included in the façade material calculations. When part of a common development, buildings shall utilize materials that are consistent with or complement surrounding development.

Table 16.04.006.B: Exterior Building Cladding Materials

C.

Façade Articulation. Articulation involves the horizontal and vertical variation of the façade so that walls are subdivided into bays or sections that are vertically proportioned. The following provisions for façade articulation shall apply to any building elevations facing a public right-of-way or property in a residential district.

1.

The frontage of the building shall be divided into architecturally distinct sections or bays with each section taller than it is wide.

2.

Sections or bays shall be visually established by architectural features such as columns, ribs, pilasters, piers, recesses, projections, windows, awnings, arcades, or an equivalent element that visually subdivides the wall with a roof or cap features that provides a rational terminus and integrates with the overall design of the façade.

3.

The required dividing elements shall have a minimum width of one foot and minimum projection to width ratio of one to four (1:4).

Figure 29 Façade Articulation Standards

D.

Glazing.

1.

Transparency Zone. Glazing that is transparent under all lighting conditions shall extend from a base of contrasting material (not exceeding four feet in height above the adjacent grade) to at least the height of the door head. Table 16.04.006.D details the minimum required percentage of square footage in the transparency zone that shall have a glazing treatment. Multi-unit residential developments in any district shall adhere to the standards applicable to the I-1 district.

Table 16.04.006.D: Glazing Standards

2.

Upper Story Glazing. A minimum of twenty percent (20%) of the square footage of upper stories of buildings in the DT district shall include glazing.

3.

Glazing to be Dispersed. Required glazing shall not be aggregated into a single, undivided area of glazing treatment. Individual glazing areas shall not span more than fifteen (15) linear feet.

Figure 30 Glazing Standards

(Ord. No. 2025-O-03, § 10(Att. A), 2-12-25)

A.

Purpose and Applicability.

1.

Purpose. The purpose of the height transition standards is to protect the character of buildings and districts in the village's single-family neighborhoods from incompatible development by ensuring a consistent visual transition in height between nonresidential uses adjacent to these neighborhoods.

2.

Applicability. Height transition requirements shall apply to all new development and additions to existing structures located on a lot in the C-1, C-2, or DT district and located immediately adjacent to a lot in the R-1, R-2, R-3, or R-4 districts.

B.

Adjacent Property Transition. Any building that exceeds the height of an adjacent building on an applicable property as detailed in Section 16.04.007 by more than one story shall provide at least one of the transitions detailed below:

1.

Provide a step down in height along the shared property line to meet the height of the building on an applicable property for a minimum of fifty percent (50%) of the façade;

2.

Increase the district setback by five feet for each story exceeding the height of the adjacent building on an applicable property. The increased setback shall be applied to the building façade adjacent to the applicable property;

3.

Utilize dormers or sloping roofs to accommodate stories above the height of the adjacent building on an applicable property; and

4.

Provide a type C buffer as specified in Table 16.04.003.H.2 along the subject property line adjacent to the applicable property.

Figure 31 Height Transition Standards

(Ord. No. 2025-O-03, § 10(Att. A), 2-12-25)

A.

Fixture Classification. All outdoor lighting fixtures, with the exception of wall mounted accent lighting, shall either have a fixture cutoff classification of "full cutoff" or be fully shielded, unless otherwise expressly permitted in this UDO.

B.

LED Fixtures. All outdoor lighting utilizing a light-emitting diode (LED) fixture shall meet the following standards:

1.

Color Rendering. Outdoor LED fixtures shall be rated a minimum color rendering index (CRI) value of seventy (70) or higher; and

2.

Color Temperature. Outdoor LED fixtures shall have a correlated color temperature between four thousand (4,000) and five thousand (5,000) degrees Kelvin.

C.

Pole-Mounted Outdoor Lighting.

1.

Pole Placement. Pole-mounted outdoor lighting shall be located outside of utility easements, designed in coordination with required landscape zones.

2.

Maximum Pole Height. Pole-mounted fixtures shall be mounted at heights no greater than thirty-seven (37) feet above grade.

D.

Wall-Mounted Accent Lighting. Wall-mounted accent lighting shall be integrated with the architectural character of the building and shall use low-luminosity lamps, with two thousand (2,000) source lumens or less. The illumination on any vertical surface shall not exceed one-half maintained foot candle and shall not spill over roof lines or building edges.

E.

Outline Lighting Prohibited. Outline lighting shall be prohibited from signs, buildings, and structures.

F.

Maximum Light Level at Property Line.

1.

On lots adjacent to multi-unit residential, mixed, or nonresidential uses in the R-3, R-4, and R-5 districts all outdoor lighting fixtures shall be designed and located so that the maximum light level shall be one-half maintained foot-candles at any property line.

2.

On lots adjacent to lots in a residential district, all outdoor lighting fixtures shall be designed and located so that the maximum light level shall be zero maintained foot-candles at any property line.

G.

Light Level Measurement.

1.

Location. Light level measurements shall be made at the property line of the property upon which the light to be measured is being generated. If a complaint about excessive light levels is made and measuring on that private property is not possible or practical, measurements may be conducted at the boundary of the public right-of-way that adjoins the complainant's property, or at any other location on the complainant's property. Measurements shall be made at finished grade (ground level), with the sensor in the horizontal position and not mounted more than six inches above ground level, and with the light-registering portion of the meter held parallel to the ground and pointing upward.

2.

Light Meter Specifications. Light levels shall be measured in foot candles with a direct-reading portable light meter. The meter shall have:

a.

Cosine and color correction;

b.

An accuracy tolerance of no greater than plus or minus five percent (5%); and

c.

Been calibrated within the last two years.

(Ord. No. 2025-O-03, § 10(Att. A), 2-12-25)

A.

Purpose. A clear sight triangle shall be maintained to minimize sight obstructions at intersections per the standards of Section 12.20.110.

B.

Standards. No building or structure shall be permitted that creates a visual obstruction taller than three feet in the clear sight triangle. Vegetation and trees within the clear sight triangle shall be regulated according to the standards established in Section 12.20.110 of the Village's Code of Ordinances.

(Ord. No. 2025-O-03, § 10(Att. A), 2-12-25)