Columbus City Zoning Code

This Article establishes the definitions of key terms, land uses, and rules of measurement used in this Title 34. If any of the definitions or measurements in this Article conflict with definitions in other provisions of this Title, the definitions in this Article control. If there are terms used in this Title 34 that are not defined, applicable definitions from the Title 33 Zoning Code will apply.

This Chapter provides the definition of terms and phrases used in this Title that are technical, specialized, or may not reflect common usage. If a word is not defined in this Chapter, or in any other provisions of the Columbus City Codes, the Director must determine the correct definition using dictionary definitions or, for technical terms, a generally accepted professional resource or guide. Words and phrases used solely in a particular chapter or article may be defined in the applicable provision rather than in this Chapter. For definitions of allowed land uses in this Title, see Section B.40.020 (Land Use Definitions).

A. Definitions

Abutting. Having a common boundary either directly sharing a border or separated by an alley.

Alley. See Section 3303.01 - Letter A.

Allowed Use. Uses that are allowed by right and are not subject to discretionary conditions of approval.

Applicant. Any person, firm, partnership, association, joint venture, corporation, or any other entity or combination of entities, or state or local government agency applying for a permit or any other application process facilitated by the Department of Building and Zoning Services. In this document, "applicant" is used rather than "owner" or "property owner" or "site owner" or "developer."

Architectural Feature. An exterior building element intended to provide ornamentation to the building massing including, but not limited to, eaves, cornices, bay windows, window and door surrounds, chimneys, light fixtures, and balconies.

Attached Building or Structure. Any building or structure which is structurally a part of or has a common wall and/or continuous roof with a principal building or structure, except where the connection is a breezeway or walkway incidental to and not a necessary part of the construction of the principal building.

Awning. See Section 3303.01 - Letter A.

B. Definitions

Balcony. A projecting or recessed platform on a building, enclosed with a railing, wall, or balustrade.

Base (of Building). The base comprises the lowest story or stories adjacent to the ground and is distinct from the middle by a material change and/or a horizontal expression line.

Basement. Any floor of a building that is more than half below the adjacent finished grade.

Bay Window. An architectural projection from the building cantilevered from the facade, consisting of one or more stories in height, containing at least 60 percent glass area. Window openings are provided on each side of the architectural projection.

Blank Wall. A ground-floor wall, or portion of ground floor wall, where no transparent materials or entrances are provided for a continuous width, as defined by Section B.30.050 (Measuring Facade Transparency).

Block. An area of land separated from other areas by adjacent streets, railroads, rights-of-way, public areas, or the subdivision boundary.

Block Face. The aggregate of all the building facades on one side of a block. The block face provides the context for establishing architectural harmony.

Block Length. The horizontal distance from the street or open space on one end of the block to the street or open space on the other end, along the same street or open space.

Block Perimeter. The aggregate of all sides of a block bounded by the abutting streets, railroads, or large site open spaces.

Buildable Area. The horizontal area in which a building is allowed to be constructed.

Building. See Section 3303.02 - Letter B.

Building, Accessory. A structure customarily incidental and subordinate to a principal building or use on the same lot. A building attached to a principal or secondary building by a common wall or by a continuation of the roof of the main structure (and not simply by a breezeway or porch) shall be considered part of the main structure. Refer to B.40.020.J - "Accessory Use".

Building, Principal. The building or buildings located along a street frontage or other public realm, that serve as the focal point for all activities related to the principal use of the parcel.

Building, Secondary. The building or buildings that are occupied by one or more principal uses of the site, but do not front a public realm or extension of the public realm.

Building Entrance. See "Entry."

Building Facade. The exterior walls of a building.

1. Building Facade, Front. The exterior wall of a building facing a front parcel line.

2. Building Facade, Side Street. The exterior wall of a building facing a side street or public realm.

3. Building Facade, Interior Side. The exterior wall of a building facing an interior parcel line(s).

4. Building Facade, Rear. The exterior wall of a building opposite the front parcel line.

Building Form. The overall shape and dimensions of a building.

Building Frontage. The components of a building that provide the transition and interface between the public realm (street and sidewalk) and building entries. Frontage types may be included as part of the building frontage.

By-Right, Approval. Approval of certain uses, improvements, and developments not requiring further review and pursuant to all applicable standards.

C. Definitions

Canopy. See "Awning."

Column. A vertical shaft extending from the ground or from one part of the structure to another.

Commercial. Pertaining to any business, trade, industry, or other activity engaged in a exchange of goods; services; rights or interests in property; or any other valuable consideration.

Common Space. A portion of a development held in common and/or single ownership, is not reserved for the exclusive use or benefit of an individual tenant or owner, and is available for use by all persons who reside or work in the building or on the parcel.

Cornice. A horizontal projection traditionally used to join a roof to the wall below and protect the wall from rainwater. The cornice forms the uppermost part of an entablature and may appear secondarily in locations other than at the building's eave or parapet, including, but not limited to, the upper boundary of a base story.

Courtyard (syn. Court). An unroofed area that is completely or partially enclosed by walls or buildings on at least two sides and often shared by multiple residential units or non-residential units, not including off-street parking. See Section F.30.110 (Courtyard) for frontage type.

Coverage, Parcel. The portion of a parcel, that is expressed as a percentage that is covered in buildings or other structures, including any rear or side porch, carport or attached/detached garage, roofed stairs, balcony, or deck, but excluding any walkway, or uncovered patio.

Cul-de-sac. A street which connects to another public street only at one end and is not planned for later extension.

D. Definitions

Department. Department of Building and Zoning Services or applicable designee.

Depth, Ground-Floor Space. The distance from the street-facing facade to the rear interior wall of the ground-floor space available to an allowed use.

Development. An improvement and/or new use that requires an application with the City.

Development Site (syn. Project Site). A parcel, group of parcels, or portion(s) of parcels on which proposed structures and improvements are to be constructed.

Director. Director of the Department of Building and Zoning Services or applicable designee.

District. See Section 3303.04 - Letter D.

Dog Park. An enclosed area for domesticated dogs to exercise and play off-leash in a controlled environment under the supervision of their owners.

Door. An opening that allows access to a building, room, or other space and can be fully closed to provide a barrier to weather as well as to entry.

E. Definitions

Eave. The edge of the roof that overhangs the face of the adjoining wall. The bottom of the eave can range from exposed rafters ("open eave") to a finished horizontal surface ("closed eave").

Elevated Ground Floor. A ground floor situated above the grade plane of the adjacent sidewalk.

Encroachment. Any architectural feature, structure, or structural element that breaks the plane of a minimum setback line.

Entry. An opening, including, but not limited to, a door, gateway, or gate, that allows access to a building.

Entry, Service. An entrance of a building intended for the delivery of goods, removal of refuse, and garage access.

Expression Line. A horizontal molding, projection, or other boundary articulating one portion of a facade from the portion above.

F. Definitions

Facade. See "Building Facade."

Facade Zone. The area between the minimum and maximum setback lines along the front of a parcel and along the side street of a corner parcel where the building facade is required to be placed to shape the intended public realm. The district standards identify the minimum amount of facade to abut and/or be placed in the facade zone.

Finish Level, Ground Floor. The height difference between the finished floor on the ground floor and the adjacent sidewalk. Standards for ground floor finish level for ground floor residential uses do not apply to ground floor lobbies and common areas in multi-unit buildings.

Floor Area. The total horizontal enclosed area of all the floors below the roof of a building or enclosed structure. The floor area of an unenclosed building or structure includes all horizontal area below the roof line.

1. Floor Area, Gross. The total floor area inside the building envelope, including the external walls, and excluding the roof.

2. Floor Area, Net. The sum of the areas of all stories of a building measured from within the exterior walls. The floor area must include any building that has a roof and is enclosed to provide shelter from the elements on three or more sides.

Footprint Area. The total square footage contained within a building footprint.

Footprint, Building. The outline of the area of ground covered by the foundations of a building or structure.

Front. See "Parcel Line, Front."

Front Loaded (Front Access). Parcels that provide vehicular access from the front of the parcel.

Frontage, Building. See Section 3303.06 - Letter F.

Frontage, Lot. See Section 3303.06 - Letter F.

Frontage Type. A physical element configured to connect the building facade to the back of the sidewalk abutting a street or public open space depending on the intended physical character of the district.

1. Frontage Type, Arcade. See Section F.30.070 (Arcade).

2. Frontage Type, Common Entry. See Section F.30.080 (Common Entry).

3. Frontage Type, Courtyard. See Section F.30.110 (Courtyard).

4. Frontage Type, Dooryard. See Section F.30.100 (Dooryard).

5. Frontage Type, Gallery. See Section F.30.060 (Gallery).

6. Frontage Type, Lightwell. See Section F.30.130 (Lightwell).

7. Frontage Type, Porch. See Section F.30.120 (Porch).

8. Frontage Type, Shopfront. See Section F.30.050 (Shopfront).

9. Frontage Type, Stoop. See Section F.30.090 (Stoop).

G. Definitions

Gable. A vertical wall in the shape of a triangle formed between the cornice or eave and the ridge of the roof.

Garage. An enclosed building or portion of a building accessible to vehicles used as parking of one or more motor vehicles.

1. Garage, Private. A building or portion of a building in which only motor vehicles used by the tenants of the building or buildings on the premises are stored or kept.

2. Garage, Public. A structure or portion of a structure, offering parking to the public with or without a fee.

Glazing. Openings in a building in which glass is installed.

Grade, Finished. See "Finished Grade", Section 3303.06 - Letter F.

Green. A landscaped focal point for passive recreation or programmed use.

Ground Floor. See "Story, First."

H. Definitions

Hardscape. Paving, decks, patios, and pavers or other hard surfaces intended to be permeable.

Height, Building. The perpendicular distance measured in a straight line from the curb level, or from the finished grade line of the lot where the grade is higher than the curb, to the highest point of the roof beams in the case of flat roofs, and to the mean between the point of the gable and the eaves in the case of high pitched roofs; the measurements in all cases to be taken through the center of the facade of the building. Where a building is on a corner lot and there is more than one grade level the measurements must be taken through the center of the facade on the street having the lowest elevation.

1. Height, Ground Floor. The height from finished floor to finished ceiling of primary rooms on the ground floor, not including secondary rooms which include, but are not limited to, bathrooms, closets, utility rooms, and storage spaces.

2. Height, Midpoint of Sloping Roof. See Section B.30.030 (Measuring Building and Site Features).

3. Height, Number of Stories. The number of stories in a structure above adjacent finished grade. See "Story."

4. Height, Top of Flat Roof. See Section B.30.030 (Measuring Building and Site Features).

I. Definitions

Impervious. A hard surface area which either prevents or hinders the entry of water into soil, as would occur under natural conditions, or which causes water to run off the surface in greater quantities or at an increased rate of flow than would occur under natural conditions.

Improved. See "Improvement."

Improvement. The product of any modification to a site, structure, or building, not including maintenance or repairs.

Infill. Development within unused and underutilized lands within existing development patterns, resources, and infrastructure typically, but not exclusively, in urban areas. Infill development is critical to accommodating growth and redesigning cities to be environmentally- and socially-sustainable.

J. Definitions

No specialized terms beginning with the letter J are defined at this time.

K. Definitions

No specialized terms beginning with the letter K are defined at this time.

L. Definitions

Landing. An unenclosed, unroofed platform, attached to a building, and serving as a required means of egress from the first floor of a building or a level area at the top or bottom of a staircase or between one flight of stairs and another.

M. Definitions

Main Body. The primary massing of a principal building.

Major. Having a greater size, scope, effect, characteristic, or quality relative to the other corresponding sizes, scopes, effects, characteristics, or qualities; or being the greater of two or more.

Massing. The overall shape or arrangement of the bulk or volume of a building and structures.

Minor. Having a lesser size, scope, effect, characteristic, or quality relative to the other corresponding sizes, scopes, effects, characteristics, or qualities; or being the lesser of two or more.

Mixed-Use. The combination of residential and non-residential uses within the same building or the same general area.

1. Mixed-Use Building. A single building that contains both non-residential and residential uses.

2. Mixed-Use Development. A development site that contains both non-residential and residential uses on the same parcel, whether or not they are located within the same structure.

Module. A portion of the whole, or a whole building facade that reads as a discrete facade.

Mullion. Vertical bar providing structural support between windows.

N. Definitions

New Use. Any purpose for which land or premises, or a building or structure, is improved, occupied, utilized, built, or constructed for, which has not before existed on the land or premises.

Nonconforming. See Section 3303.14 - Letter N.

O. Definitions

Occupiable Space. The portion of a building that is suitable for human occupancy.

Off-Street Parking. Dedicated parking areas specifically designed for the parking or storage of motor vehicles. Off-street parking areas located away from roads or streets and are separate from the regular flow of traffic.

Open Space, Common. An entry court, forecourt, courtyard, or other on-site open space shared by multiple residential units or non-residential units.

Open Space, Large Site. An outdoor area dedicated for public gathering and civic activities.

Open Space, Private. The area required for each residential unit in some building types provided as outdoor yard areas, patios, decks, or balconies.

P. Definitions

Parapet. A low wall along the edge of a roof or the portion of a wall that extends above the roof line.

Parcel (syn. Lot). A parcel, lot, tract, or area of land occupied or designed to be occupied as a unit by one building, one apartment complex, one multiple dwelling development, or one commercial complex, and the accessory buildings or uses customarily incident to it, if any, including open spaces required by this Title and open spaces arranged and designed to be used in connection with the building or buildings. The lot must be of record in the appropriate County recorder's office.

Parcel Area. The area of a parcel measured horizontally between bounding parcel lines.

1. Parcel Area, Gross. The total area, usually measured in acres, included within the property lines, as applicable, of a development.

2. Parcel Area, Net. The area of a parcel measured horizontally between bounding parcel lines, subtracting the existing or proposed horizontal area within public streets and alleys on the parcel.

Parcel Line. The perimeter and geometry of a parcel demarcating one parcel from another.

1. Parcel Line, Front. The front boundary line of a parcel bordering on a street or open space. In the case of a corner parcel, at least one street must be designated as the front street for the purposes of identifying the front parcel line per Section B.30.040 (Identifying Parcel Lines).

2. Parcel Line, Rear. The parcel line opposite the front parcel line unless that lot line is a side lot line of an abutting lot.

3. Parcel Line, Side. Any parcel line that is not a front, rear, or side street parcel line.

4. Parcel Line, Side Street. Any parcel line abutting a street or public realm that is secondary to the front street.

Parking

1. Parking, Structured. A structure, or portion of a structure, comprised of one or more levels or floors used predominately for the parking of motor vehicles, including underground parking, and parking at grade within a building or structure.

2. Parking, Subterranean. Parking spaces located below the finished grade of the building.

3. Parking, Surface. A ground level parking lot used exclusively for the parking of motor vehicles.

Patio Cover. A one story, roofed structure, used only for recreational and/or outdoor living purposes, which may be attached or detached as an accessory structure to the building.

Pedestrian Connection. A pathway that provides circulation for pedestrians.

Pedestrian Passage. A pedestrian pathway that extends from a public sidewalk or large site open space. The pathway is lined by non-residential shopfronts and/or residential ground floors and pedestrian entries as required by the district.

Person. Means without limitation, a natural person, the person's beneficiaries, executors, administrators, or assigns, and also includes a corporation, partnership, an unincorporated society or association, or any other type of business or association, including respective successors or assigns, recognized now or in the future under the laws of the state or the City.

Pitch. The slope of a roof expressed as vertical rise per measure of length.

Plaza. A hardscaped focal point used primarily for civic purposes and commercial activities.

Podium. A continuous, at-grade, projecting base, or pedestal under a building often occupied by parking.

Porch. A roofed platform projecting from or engaged into a building at an entrance. A porch is separated from the building by the walls of the building and is partially supported by piers, posts, or columns. A porch may be open, enclosed, or partially enclosed. "Open porch" means a porch which is unenclosed (except possibly for screens) by anything higher than 36 inches above the floor except for the roof and roof supports. A porch may be used as a frontage type per Section F.30.120 (Porch).

Pre-Existing Use. A use of record, other than a billboard, established prior to the effective date of a rezoning of a property from a zoning district under the Title 33 Zoning Code to a zoning district under this Title which, at the time of the rezoning, conforms to all then-applicable Title 33 requirements including previously established non-conforming uses as well as any uses approved by Variances, but which uses do not constitute an allowed use under this Title.

Pre-Existing Building. A building established prior to the effective date of a rezoning of the property upon which the building is located from a zoning district under the Title 33 Zoning Code to a district designation under this Title which, at the time of the rezoning, conforms to all then-applicable Title 33 requirements and standards including previously established buildings that are non-conforming as well as any buildings approved by Variances, but which requirements and standards do not conform with requirements and standards of this Title.

Projection. A change in the facade plane where a portion of the facade is located some distance forward of the facade plane of the main body. "Projection" is the opposite of "recession."

Public Realm. The outdoor space (horizontally and vertically) accessible to the public including the setbacks, sidewalks, landscaping, and street between the building facades along one side of a street and the building facades or publicly accessible open space on the other side of the street. The public realm includes pedestrian connections and large site open space types per Section F.40.040 (Design Standards for Large Sites).

Q. Definitions

No specialized terms beginning with the letter Q are defined at this time.

R. Definitions

Rear. Opposite of front.

Rear-Loaded (syn. Rear Access). Vehicular access from the rear of the parcel.

Recession. A change in the facade plane wherein a portion of the facade is located some distance behind the facade plane of the main body. "Recession" is the opposite of "projection."

Recessed Entry. An entrance to a building that is set back from the facade of the building.

Renovation (syn. Alteration, Remodel).

1. A structural change to the foundation, roof, floor, or exterior of load-bearing walls of a facility, or the extension of an existing facility to increase its floor area.

2. Alteration of an existing facility including, but not limited to, significantly changing its function, even if such renovation does not include any structural change to the facility.

3. Remodeling of the building interior or exterior.

Residential. Lands, buildings, or structures or portions thereof used, or designed for use, as a home or residence for one or more individuals.

Residential District. Title 33 districts that are within the categories of an Apartment Residential District, Planned Unit Development District, or a Residential District encompassing R, LRR, RRR, RR, SR, R-1, R-2, R-3, R-2F, and R-4, or any such district with a limited overlay.

Residential Unit (syn. Dwelling Unit). See "Dwelling Unit" in Section 3303.04 - Letter D.

Right-of-Way (ROW). See Section 3303.18 - Letter R.

Roof. The top covering of a building principally responsible for providing protection from the elements.

1. Sloped Roof. A roof with a pitch expressed as vertical rise per measure of length.

2. Flat Roof. Nearly level roof which relies on subtle variations in its surface for drainage. Typically surrounded by a parapet.

S. Definitions

Setback. The distance by which a structure, parking area, or other development feature is separated from a parcel line or right-of-way line, when present.

1. Setback, Building. The mandatory clear distance between a parcel line or right-of-way line, and a building.

2. Setback, Contextual. See Section B.30.060 (Measuring Contextual Setbacks).

3. Setback, Front. An area extending across the full width of the parcel, parallel to the front parcel line, extending between the side parcel lines.

4. Setback, Interior. See "Setback, Side."

5. Setback, Parking. The mandatory clear distance between a parcel line or right-of-way line, and any parking spaces or maneuvering areas, excluding drive aisles that are perpendicular to the point of access and egress when access is allowed from that applicable parcel line.

6. Setback, Rear. An area extending the full width of the rear parcel line extending perpendicular from the rear parcel line.

7. Setback, Side Street. Setback adjacent to side street parcel line.

8. Setback, Side. An area between a side parcel line, parallel to the side parcel line, and extending between the front and rear parcel lines.

Shopfront Base (Syn. Bulkhead). A very low wall, that does not include glass, between the window(s) of a shopfront and the adjacent sidewalk.

Sidelight. A glazed panel at the side of a doorway.

Sill. The horizontal bottom member of a window frame.

Sidewalk. A paved, surfaced, or leveled area, paralleling and usually separated from the street, used as a pedestrian walkway.

Site Plan. A base sheet that includes the basic information that shall appear on all plans including, but not limited to, parcel lines, natural features, roads, buildings, open space, or other structures proposed or existing to remain on-site. A site plan shall also illustrate the dimensions of required setbacks.

Site Plan, Approved. A dimensional drawing to scale showing a plan for the development of a specific parcel or parcels of land, which has been previously approved through a Title 33 rezoning or Variance process, and contains provisions requiring a development to be in conformity with the approved site plan.

Stepback. A recess in the upper stories of a building from the lower stories designed to reduce the building's mass and express fewer stories.

Storefront. The majority portion of a Shopfront Frontage that consists of the display window and/or entrance and its components, including windows, doors, transoms, and sill pane.

Story. See Section 3303.19 - Letter S.

1. Story, First (syn. First Floor). The lowest story or the ground story of any building, that is closest to finished grade. The story above is the second floor or second story.

2. Story, Half (syn. Attic Story). A conditioned space that rests primarily underneath the slope of a gable, hip, or gambrel roof, usually having dormer windows. A half-story is considered a story when its top wall plates, on at least two opposite exterior walls, are more than three feet above the floor of such story.

Street. A public or private way constructed for the primary purpose of vehicular travel. An alley or a driveway is not a street. The term "street" describes the entire legal right-of-way or easement (public or private), including, but not limited to, the traffic lanes, bike lanes, curbs, gutters, sidewalks, parkways, and any other grounds found within the legal right-of-way. The name given to the right-of-way (avenue, court, road, etc.) is not determinative of whether the right-of-way is a street.

1. Street, Front. A street located along the front parcel line. See Section B.30.040 (Identifying Parcel Lines).

2. Street, Private. Any street not a public street. Private streets generally provide access to more than two parcels and are usually named, unlike driveways. Private streets may be constructed to public street standards. Private streets are generally differentiated from driveways by larger widths, longer lengths, and may include public or private utilities. For the purposes of applying setbacks to adjacent lots, the setback from a private street is measured from the back of a sidewalk, if a sidewalk is present, or at the back of the curb if there is no sidewalk. A private street may also be referred to as private road, lane, or drive.

3. Street, Public. A street for which the right-of-way is not less than 35 feet in width, or other approved width as determined by the Department of Public Service, and is owned by or offered for dedication to the public and accepted by the City.

4. Street, Side. A street located along a parcel line that is not the front parcel line. See Section B.30.040 (Identifying Parcel Lines).

Street Frontage. The lineal length of that portion of a parcel line abutting a street.

Street Tree (syn. Parkway Tree). A tree planted in public areas, tree lawns, tree wells, parkways, sidewalk areas, street easements, streets, and rights-of-way.

String Course. A continuous horizontal row or layer of material set in and distinct from the facade of the main body by its materials and/or projection.

T. Definitions

Transit Stop. A location where public transit vehicles stop to load and unload passengers. A transit stop may or may not include a shelter or a pullout.

Transom. Glazed lite or window set above a door that is the same width or no wider than the door frame, including sidelights if present.

U. Definitions

Unit. See Dwelling Unit in Section 3303.04 - Letter D.

V. Definitions

Upper Floor. A floor in a building that is located above the first floor.

No specialized terms beginning with the letter V are defined at this time.

W. Definitions

Walkable/Walkability. The condition in which an area is highly interconnected with other areas by more through streets than dead-end streets, providing more options for access to recreational walking or for walking to work, transit, errands, shopping, or restaurants. In walkable areas, bicycling and walking are viable daily options because such destinations are within approximately 0.5 mile walking or 5 mile biking of a variety of housing choices.

Walkway. A paved way located on one or more parcels, used for pedestrian traffic, and used exclusively by the parcel owner(s), their guests.

Wall Plane. A vertical surface defined by the facades of buildings.

Window. An opening in an exterior wall, allowing light into the interior, but not designed as an entry.

Window, Dormer. A vertical window opening with surrounding wall and roof construction projecting from a sloping roof.

Wing. A structure that extends at least five feet from and is secondary to the main body of a building.

X. Definitions

No specialized terms beginning with the letter X are defined at this time.

Y. Definitions

No specialized terms beginning with the letter Y are defined at this time.

Z. Definitions

Zoning Map. The zoning map(s) of the City, together with all amendments.

Zoning District. See "District."

This Chapter explains how the various measurements referred to in this Title are calculated.

A. Applicability. The facade zone standards apply to new principal buildings and additions to existing buildings along the front and side streets of a parcel.

B. Methodology. The required facade length is expressed in the district standards as a percentage. The percentage is calculated as follows, using an example for the front facade zone. The same approach must apply to the side street, using the minimum front and rear building setbacks.

1. Identify the width of parcel (e.g., 50 feet) and apply the required side building setbacks (e.g., five feet on each side).

2. Subtract the horizontal length between each minimum side setback and the adjacent side parcel line from the total width of the parcel. The result is the net buildable width of the parcel (e.g., 40 feet).

3. Multiply the required minimum percentage in the district standards (e.g., 70 percent) by the net buildable width of the parcel (e.g., 40 feet).

a. The result is the minimum length, of both the building facade and frontage type(s), as allowed by the district standards, that is required to be in or abut the facade zone (e.g., 28 feet).

b. See Figure B.30.020.2 for examples that are consistent with the intent of this standard.

4. Where a rectilinear building is proposed on a non-rectilinear parcel, the building facade is exempt from the facade zone standard for the district, subject to the following:

a. One end of the facade must fall within the required facade zone; and, the length of the facade must meet or exceed the minimum required length as measured per the methodology of this Section.

b. On non-rectilinear corner parcels this exception may only apply to one side of the parcel.

c. See Figure B.30.020.2 for an example that is consistent with the intent of this standard.

Figure B.30.020.1: Determining the Required Length of Building Facade

Diagram labels:

• Front Street
• Side Street

Example Calculation

Key

• (A) Width of Parcel
• (B) Depth of Parcel
• (C) Minimum Setback to be Subtracted from Parcel Width
• (D) Minimum Setback to be Subtracted from Parcel Depth
• Facade Zone (hatched)
• Max. Building Placement Area (dark gray)
• ROW/Parcel Line (dash-dot line)
• Setback Line (dashed line)

Figure B.30.020.2: Examples of Applying the Required Length of Building Facade

A. Within Facade Zone Only

B. Abutting Facade Zone Only

Diagram labels (both diagrams):

• Front Street
• Side Street
• (A), (B) markers

Key

• Facade Zone (hatched)
• Building Footprint (dark gray)
• ROW/Parcel Line (dash-dot line)
• Setback Line (dashed line)

¹ This is an example. See Division C of the respective district for the standard.

Figure B.30.020.2: Examples of Applying the Required Length of Building Facade (continued)

C. Abutting and Within Facade Zone

D. For Districts with 0' minimum Front/Side street Setbacks

E. Non-rectilinear Parcels

F. Courtyards²

Diagram labels (all diagrams):

• Front Street
• Side Street
• (A), (B) markers
• Courtyard Frontage Type (diagram F)

Key

• Facade Zone (hatched)
• Building Footprint (dark gray)
• ROW/Parcel Line (dash-dot line)
• Setback Line (dashed line)

¹ This is an example. See Division C of the respective district for the standard.

² Courtyard Frontage Type may count towards required facade zone standards.

G. Rectilinear Buildings on Non-Rectilinear Parcels

Diagram labels:

• Front Street
• (A), (B), (C) markers

Key

• Facade Zone (hatched)
• Building Footprint (dark gray)
• ROW/Parcel Line (dash-dot line)
• Setback Line (dashed line)

(C) One Corner of the Building Falls Within the Facade Zone

¹ See Division C of the respective district for the standard.

A. Measuring Open Space(s). The width and depth of open spaces must be measured as follows:

1. The width must be generally parallel to the front.

2. The depth must be perpendicular to the front.

Figure B.20.030.1: Open Space(s)

Diagram labels:

• Front Street
• Side Street
• (W), (D) markers

Key

• ROW/Parcel Line (dash-dot line)
• Setback Line (dashed line)
• (W) Width
• (D) Depth

B. Measuring Building Height

1. Height, Top of Flat Roof. The vertical distance measured in a straight line from the curb level, or from the finished grade line of the parcel where the grade is higher than the curb, to the highest point of the roof beams. See Figure B.30.030.3.

2. Height, Midpoint of Sloping Roof. The vertical distance measured in a straight line from the curb level, or from the finished grade line of the parcel where the grade is higher than the curb, to the mean between the point of the gable and the eaves. See Figures B.30.030.4 and B.30.030.5.

3. All height measurements must be taken from the finished grade measured at the centerline of the facade.

4. Where a building is on a corner parcel and there is more than one grade level, the measurements must be taken through the center of the facade on the street having the lowest elevation.

5. Structures and rooftop equipment that do not provide additional floor space are allowed to exceed the overall height limit pursuant to Division D of the zoning district.

A. Applicability. As parcels are applied pursuant to the district standards, the front, rear, side, and side street boundaries are identified to apply building and parking setbacks, facade zones, and stepbacks.

B. Methodology. The following parcel configurations listed below and illustrated in Figure B.30.040.1 must be used to determine parcel line designations (front, side, rear, or side street). Parcel line designations are defined in Division B.20.020.P. When a parcel has no street frontage, an applicant must identify and apply front and/or side street standards to a public open space, pedestrian connection, or alley.

1. Corner parcel. A parcel situated at the intersection of two streets. For corner parcels, the front street is determined by the street with the highest designation or greatest width, as identified by the Department of Public Service. If two intersecting streets have the same designation, the front street must be identified by the applicant in the Site Plan Review process.

2. Interior Parcel. A parcel situated at the interior of the block face with two side parcel lines and one street frontage.

3. Through Parcel. A parcel situated at the interior of the block face with two side parcel lines and two front street frontages on parallel streets.

4. Flag Lot Parcel. An irregularly shaped lot, where the main portion of the lot area does not have direct street frontage, other than by a narrow portion of land only wide enough to provide street access to the parcel, referred to as the pole. The front parcel line of a flag lot must be identified by the applicant in the Site Plan Review process. Applicant must apply all applicable setbacks but is exempt from the facade zone requirement in Division C of the zoning district.

5. L-Shaped Parcel. An irregularly shaped lot, that is not a corner parcel, with two front street frontages along intersecting streets.

A. Applicability. The facade transparency standards apply to front and side street facades as follows:

1. For new principal buildings, facade transparency applies to the entire applicable facade area.

2. For existing buildings with additions, facade transparency applies to the applicable facade area of the addition only.

3. For modifications to existing buildings where 70 percent or more of the surface area is modified, facade transparency applies to the entire area being modified.

B. Methodology. The required amount of transparency is expressed in the district standards as a percentage. The percentage is calculated as follows, using an example for facades facing the front parcel line. The same approach is to be applied to the side street facade.

1. Identify the applicable facade area.

a. Ground floor facade area measurement must be taken between 2 feet and 10 feet from the average finished grade.

b. Upper floor facade area measurement must be taken between the floor plates of each floor and in the case of the top floor between the floor plate and ceiling.

c. For half stories, only facade planes, perpendicular to the ground plane, between the floor plate and ceiling of the half-story apply.

d. All facades facing the front or side street count towards the facade area calculation except facades that are located more than 15 feet beyond the maximum setback line.

2. Identify the transparency area within the applicable facade area. To apply towards the transparency standard, windows and/or doors must meet all of the following standards:

a. Areas counted towards transparency measurement must use clear, untinted glass, and;

b. For ground floor transparency, applicable transparency areas must allow a view of the building's interior to a minimum of four feet.

c. Window frames and mullions may be included in the calculation.

d. The ground floor of parking structures may utilize other decorative elements, such as grillwork, mesh, louvres, or a similar treatment, as a substitution for glass. On second floors and above, parking structures may utilize unglazed openings, with or without decorative treatments, as a substitution for glass.

3. Calculate facade transparency percentage by dividing the proposed transparency area by the applicable facade area.

a. Each upper floor must meet the minimum requirement separately, and may not be calculated as one.

A. Intent. In order to create consistent setbacks along a block where existing buildings do not meet the intended physical character for minimum building setbacks, new buildings may use contextual setbacks based on the placement of existing buildings along the same block face.

B. Applicability. Contextual setbacks may apply when a block face meets all of the following requirements. See Step 1 of Figure B.30.060.1.

1. Where the building setbacks for 50 percent or more of the parcels on the block face, including vacant parcels meet the following:

a. Building setback exceeds the maximum setback of base zoning district by 10 feet, and;

b. Building setback is less than 60 feet from the front parcel line.

2. Where less than 50 percent of the parcels on the block contain existing parking in front of the principal buildings.

C. Methodology. The following steps are intended to summarize the process of applying the contextual setback standards. See Figure B.30.060.1 for diagrams of each step.

1. Step 1: Identify if parcels on the block face meet the contextual applicability standards in Division B.30.060.B.

2. Step 2: Measure the existing setback of all buildings with a building setback less than 60 feet.

a. Where a front facade has more than one setback, the portion of the building facade located the furthest forward to the parcel line must be counted towards calculating a contextual setback.

3. Step 3: Determine the average contextual setback line by taking the average of all buildings included in contextual setback measurement.

4. Step 4: Determine the facade zone for the contextual setback. The contextual facade zone must extend 5 feet on either side of the average setback line that was calculated in Step 3.

5. Step 5: Place the building within the contextual facade zone per the base district facade zone percentage required in the standards in Division C of the zoning district. Frontage types may encroach past the contextual facade zone per base zoning district standards.

Figure B.30.060.1: Measuring Contextual Setbacks Example

Step 1: Identify if parcels on block face meet contextual applicability standards.

Step 2: Measure setbacks of buildings < 60 feet from front parcel line.

Step 3: Determine the average contextual setback line.

(①+②+③+④+⑤) / 5 = Average Contextual Setback Line

Step 4: Determine the contextual facade zone.

Step 5: Place new building within contextual facade zone. Apply the facade zone percentage required in the base zoning district.

Diagram labels (all steps):

• Front Street
• Side Street
• (A), (B), (C) markers
• ①, ②, ③, ④, ⑤ markers (Steps 2 and 3)

Key

• ROW/Parcel Line (dash-dot line)
• Development Site (orange dash-dot line)
• Max. Front Setback per Base Zoning District (dashed line)
• Facade Zone of Base Zoning District (hatched)
• (A) Maximum Contextual Setback Applicability = 60' Setback From Front Parcel Line
• (B) Minimum Contextual Setback Applicability = Maximum Front Setback per Base Zoning District + 10'
• Existing Buildings that meet Applicability Requirements per Division B.30.060.B (gray)
• Existing Buildings Included in Contextual Setback Measurement (yellow)
• Contextual Facade Zone (pink)
• Contextual Applicability Zone (light gray)
• Average Contextual Setback Line (dotted line)
• (C) Contextual Facade Zone Extends 5' on Either Side of Average Contextual Setback Line

A. Applicability. When a parcel within any Mixed-Use District abuts a Residential or Apartment District in a 35-foot Height District, adjacency requirements apply.

B. Methodology. The minimum distance of a stepback and/or setback at any given height is specified in Division D of the zoning district, and must be measured from the rear or side parcel line. The requirement can be met as a combination of stepbacks and setbacks, as shown in examples in Figure B.30.070.1.

Figure B.30.070.1: Adjacency Methods

A. Building at Min. Rear Setback with Building Stepback

B. Increased Setback with Building Stepback

C. Increased Setback with no Stepback

D. Abutting an Alley. Building set at Min. Rear Setback with Building Stepback

E. Building with Stepbacks required at Multiple Levels

Diagram labels:

• Diagrams A-D: 35' and 60' heights; 3 Stories (abutting residential); 3 Stories and 5 Stories (new building); (A) marker
• Diagram D: Alley
• Diagram E: 35', 85', and 150' heights; 3 Stories (abutting residential); 3 Stories, 7 Stories, and 12 Stories (new building); (A) markers at two levels

Key

• Rear/Side Parcel Line (dash-dot line)
• Setback Line (minimum) (dashed line)
• Abutting Residential in 35' Height District (white)
• New Building (gray)
• (A) Required Distance From Rear/Side Parcel Line per Base Zoning District Standards

This Chapter establishes the definition of land uses in this Title. If a land use is not defined in this Chapter, the Director must make a determination of the correct definition according to procedures established in Title 33. For definitions of general terms in this Title, see Section B.20.020 (General Definitions).

A. Residential Use Definitions

Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU). A secondary residential dwelling unit which provides complete independent living facilities for one or more persons. It must include permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, and sanitation, and is located on the same lot as the principal building.

Dormitory. Group living facilities, including university housing, fraternities, and sororities, for housing members or students while enrolled in school.

Family Child Care Home (Type A). The permanent residence of the licensee in which child care is provided for:

1. Seven to 12 children at one time; or

2. Four to 12 children at one time if four or more children at one time are under two years of age.

3. In counting children, any children under six years of age who are related to a licensee or employee and who are on the premises must be counted.

Family Child Care Home (Type B). The permanent residence of the provider in which child care is provided for:

1. One to six children at one time; and

2. In which no more than three children are under two years of age at one time.

3. In counting children, any children under six years of age who are related to the provider or employee and who are on the premises must be counted.

Halfway House/Community Residential Treatment Facility. A facility for supervision and rehabilitation of persons placed by the Department of Rehabilitation and Correction, Federal Bureau of Prisons, a court, or otherwise for parole, probation, furlough, treatment of drug or alcohol abuse and addiction, vocational training and counseling, or adjustment to private life and noninstitutional society, and which may be licensed and inspected by the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction, the Adult Parole Authority, the Ohio Department of Health, or a similar agency.

Live/Work. A dwelling unit where no more than 50 percent of the gross floor area includes a business, business activity, profession, occupation, or trade activity that is operated by the resident for economic gain.

Manufactured Home. A building unit or assembly of closed construction that is fabricated in an off-site facility and constructed in conformance with the federal construction and safety standards established by the secretary of housing and urban development pursuant to the "Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974," 88 Stat. 700, 42 U.S.C.A. 5401, 5403 and that has a permanent label or tag affixed to it, as specified in 42 U.S.C.A. 5415, certifying compliance with all applicable federal construction and safety standards.

Multiple Unit Residential. The use of a site for residential building(s) consisting of five or more units on a single site or lot. Types of multiple unit dwellings include, but are not limited to apartments, townhouses, and rowhouses.

Nursing Home. A residential facility for the reception and care of individuals composed of those who by reason of illness or are with a physical or developmental disability require skilled nursing care and/or those who require personal assistance but not skilled nursing care. A nursing home must be licensed by the Ohio Director of Health under Chapter 3721 (Nursing Homes; Residential Care Facilities) of the Ohio Revised Code to provide personal assistance and skilled nursing care. May require a license pursuant to Columbus City Code Chapter 4561 (Rooming Houses).

Residential Care Facility. A dwelling unit primarily providing supervised room, board, and care in a residential setting to residents whose disabilities or status limit their ability to live independently, and secondarily for training, rehabilitation, and nonclinical services. The term excludes use as a clinic, institution, hospital, nursing home, convalescent home, school, child day care center, nursery school, dormitory, or other similar use. The term must not be applied to owner-occupied premises with one or two roomers. May require a license pursuant to Columbus City Code Chapter 4561 (Rooming Houses).

Rooming House. Accommodation other than a hotel, in which part or parts are kept, used, or held out to be a place where sleeping accommodations are offered for hire for three or more persons. May require a license pursuant to Columbus City Code Chapter 4561 (Rooming Houses).

Senior Housing. Multiple unit residential developments reserved for senior citizens where common facilities may be provided (e.g., recreation areas), but where each residential unit has individual living, sleeping, bathing, and kitchen facilities.

Shared Living Facility. A dwelling unit cooperatively used by six or more unrelated individuals used as a single housekeeping unit wherein each of the common areas of the unit including, but not limited to, the kitchen, living room, and dining room, is available to each such individual who participates in the costs and maintenance of the unit. Uses may require a license pursuant to Columbus City Code Chapter 4561 (Rooming Houses), does not include "Nursing Home" or "Residential Care Facility."

Single-Unit Residential. A single, self-contained dwelling unit providing independent living facilities for one or more individuals containing eating, living, sanitary, and sleeping areas, and cooking facilities all for exclusive use by the occupants. This use does not apply to units in group homes, fraternities and sororities, temporary shelters, hotels, motels, or other buildings designed for transients.

Single Room Occupancy (SRO). A structure, not including a hotel or motel, that provides living units for hire for 3 or more persons that have separate sleeping areas and some combination of independent or shared bath or toilet facilities. The structure may or may not have cooking facilities. If provided, cooking facilities may be separated or shared. May require license pursuant to Columbus City Code Chapter 4561 (Rooming Houses), does not include "Nursing Home" or skilled nursing care.

Temporary Shelter. A facility that provides short term housing (i.e. not to exceed 6 months) with a continued identified bed space for individuals or families. The facility may provide personal assistance to individuals experiencing homelessness, domestic violence, or other similar occurrences. Personal assistance may include food and/or shelter, and supportive services.

Three-/Four-Unit Residential. A residential building also known as a triplex and fourplex, consisting of three- or four-unit dwellings designed or used exclusively as residences.

Two-Unit Residential. A residential building consisting of two dwelling units each of which adjoins the other either horizontally or vertically. Also known as a duplex.

B. Civic, Recreation, Education, and Assembly Use Definitions

Artist Work or Sales Space. Floor space devoted to the production, showing or sale of art, including, but not limited to, art galleries, and artist studios. This includes space for work-only (visual studio, performing rehearsal), sale-only (gallery, store, etc.), or a combination of work and sale space.

Colleges and Universities. A site for either a public or private college or university, excluding trade schools or primary education facilities (see "Trade School" and "Schools, Public and Private"). May include related accessory facilities, including student housing, cafeterias, bookstores, administrative offices, counseling facilities, and student health facilities.

Commercial Recreation Facility, Indoor. A recreational or entertainment use conducted within an enclosed building providing sport or exercise facilities, training/instructional sessions, or other lessons or activities. These uses include all indoor commercial recreation and amusement facilities (except "Adult Entertainment" uses) including but not limited to bowling alleys, indoor sports facilities, physical fitness facilities, ice and roller skating rinks, video arcades, and pool halls. Does not include movie theaters which are defined separately under "Theater and Auditorium."

Commercial Recreation Facility, Outdoor. A recreational or entertainment use conducted in an outdoor facility or open space area, including within an enclosed building providing commercial sport or exercise facilities, and training/instructional sessions. These uses include golf driving ranges, outdoor sports fields, and outdoor commercial amusement facilities, including, but not limited to, music venues, theme parks, amusements parks, miniature golf establishments, and batting cages. For public parks and recreation facilities see "Public Parks and Facilities".

Correctional Facility. Any institution or facility that is used for the custody, care, or treatment of criminal, delinquent, or psychologically or psychiatrically disturbed offenders that is operated by the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction, the county, the City, or a private contractor. Term also includes jail, workhouse, minimum security prison, and correctional center.

Library or Museum. Public or quasi-public facilities that may provide space for exhibition of objects of permanent interest in one or more of the arts and sciences, gallery exhibition of works of art, or library collection of books, manuscripts, etc., for study and reading. Examples of uses include aquariums, arboretums, botanical gardens, art galleries and exhibitions, historic exhibits, libraries, and museums. Accessory and incidental uses including, but not limited to, retail (e.g., gift/book shops, restaurants, etc.), administrative offices, and storage are included.

Meeting or Gathering Facility, Public and Private. An indoor or outdoor facility for public or private assembly for public, quasi-public, or private facilities, including, but not limited to, community centers, banquet centers, religious assembly facilities, union halls, meeting halls for clubs and other membership organizations. Incidental uses can include facilities for the use of members and attendees, including, but not limited to, residences for religious leaders, kitchens, multi-purpose rooms, and storage.

Public Parks and Facilities. Public parks, playgrounds, trails, wildlife preserves, and open spaces.

This classification also includes public and non-commercial playing fields, courts, gymnasiums, swimming pools, picnic facilities, and tennis courts as well as related food concessions or community centers within the facilities.

Schools, Public and Private. An educational facility for children whose attendance and curriculum is required by Ohio state law, including, but not limited to, preschool education programs, kindergarten, elementary school, middle or junior high school, high school and school-age child education programs, but does not include facilities licensed only for or providing only daycare services. Incidental uses including, but not limited to, school administrative offices are allowed.

Schools, Specialized or Studios. Small-scale facilities that offer specialized programs in personal growth and health for students of any age group, including, but not limited to individual and group instruction and training in the visual and performing arts, production rehearsal, photography, martial arts training, yoga/Pilates, indoor cycling, boxing, and gymnastics instruction. This may also include student tutoring and language centers and production studios for individual musicians, painters, sculptors, photographers, and other artists.

Theater and Auditorium. An indoor facility for group entertainment, other than sporting or recreation events. Examples of these facilities include civic theaters, performing arts centers, comedy venues, facilities for live concerts, and movie theaters. Does not include "Commercial Recreation Facility, Indoor."

Trade School. A site for education or training in business, commerce, skilled trades, language, or other similar vocation, activity, or occupational pursuit that is not otherwise described as a home occupation, college/university, school, or instructional studio.

C. Retail Use Definitions

Adult Entertainment Establishment/Store. An auditorium, bar, cabaret, concert hall, nightclub, restaurant, theater or other similar commercial establishment that recurrently features or provides one or more of the following:

1. Persons who appear in the nude;

2. A live performance distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on the depiction, description, exposure, or representation of specified anatomical areas or the conduct or simulation of specified sexual activities; or

3. Audio or video displays, computer displays, films, motion pictures, slides or other visual representations or recordings characterized or distinguished by an emphasis on the depiction, description, exposure or representation of specified anatomical areas, or the conduct or simulation of specified sexual activities.

Additional similar Adult Entertainment use definitions in the Title 33 Zoning Code include:

4. "Adult booth" means an area of an adult entertainment establishment or adult store separated from the rest of a building by a divider, partition, or wall and used to:

a. Demonstrate, play, or show adult material; or

b. View a live performance distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on the depiction description, exposure, or representation of specified anatomical areas or the conduct or simulation of specified sexual activities.

5. "Adult store" means one or more of the following:

b. An establishment with an adult booth.

a. An establishment which has a majority of its shelf space or square footage devoted to the display, rental, sale, or viewing of adult material for any form of consideration.

Billboard. An off-premises sign which consists of one or more sign faces primarily intended by the sign owner to be available for sale, lease or rental for the purpose of promoting any business or other activity which is not situated on the same property as the billboard or of promoting any product or service which is not primarily available on the same property as the billboard; and incidentally used for the display of public service messages.

Farmer's Market. An enclosed or open-air market where fresh agricultural products, prepared food, crafts, or baked goods produced directly by participating vendors or the selling of goods are made available for sale by the public.

General Retail Business. Stores and shops selling many lines of merchandise to the ultimate consumer for personal or household consumption and excluding service or installation. Typical uses may include, but are not limited to, sales of apparel and accessories, antiques, appliances, art and fabric supplies, bicycles, books, cameras and photographic supplies, collectibles, dry goods, electronics, feed stores, florist shop, furniture, hardware, hobby supplies, jewelry, luggage and leather goods, musical instruments and accessories, office supplies, orthopedic supplies, records and CDs, retail building supply, small wares, specialty goods, sporting equipment, stationery, toys and games, and videos and DVDs, as well as department stores, drugstores, convenience stores, grocery stores, variety stores, and sales of food and beverage products (including prepared food), for off-site consumption where no seating is provided. Does not include on-site production. Includes incidental repair of goods sold as part of the primary business, for example bicycle repair and appliance repair. Outdoor sales and display is not allowed.

General Retail Business with Outside Sales and Display. General Retail Business in which the outdoor sales and display of any materials, products, or equipment on the premises is allowed.

General Retail with Pickup Unit. An establishment for walk-in customers that also utilizes a building design, site layout, or operating procedure that allows customers to receive goods or services while remaining in a motor vehicle. Does not include "Eating and Drinking Establishment, Pickup Unit/Drive Thru" or "General Retail Drive Thru".

Ohio Division of Cannabis Control (ODCC) Dispensary. An entity licensed or receiving a certificate of operation under Title 37 of the Ohio Revised Code and any rules promulgated thereunder to sell adult use or medical marijuana to qualifying customers.

D. Food and Beverage Sales Use Definitions

Eating and Drinking Establishment. Means a restaurant, bar, tavern, cabaret, fast-food business, nightclub, pub, dining room, dinner theater, and similar uses.

Eating and Drinking Establishment with Pickup Unit/Drive Thru. An establishment serving food or beverages that utilizes a building design, site layout, or operating procedure that allows customers to receive goods or services while remaining in a motor vehicle.

Micro-Brewery/Micro-Distillery. An establishment that is primarily engaged in the on-site production, bottling, packaging, and distribution of beer, wine, distilled spirit, or other fermented malt beverages that may include a taproom in which guests or customers may sample or purchase the product. The area dedicated to production is no more than 4,000 square feet.

E. Office and Service Use Definitions

Animal Kennel or Animal Shelter. Any building, structure, or premises which is used, arranged, intended or designed to be used for the boarding and/or breeding of animals for more than a consecutive 24-hour period and not located or operated in conjunction with the practice of a licensed veterinarian on the same parcel. Does not include "Animal Daycare", pet grooming facilities, or pet stores and pet supply stores with no outside runs.

Animal Daycare. Any building, structure, or premises which is used, arranged, intended or designed to be used for the boarding of animals for less than a consecutive 24-hour period and not located or operated in conjunction with the practice of a licensed veterinarian on the same parcel. Does not include pet grooming facilities, pet stores, and pet supply stores with no outside runs.

Bed and Breakfast. A residential building or buildings, other than a hotel, in which meals may be served together with lodgings for hire to three or more persons in no more than ten lodging rooms. Lodging rooms may be distributed within multiple buildings on the same parcel, but cannot exceed the ten-room maximum.

Commercial Day Care Center. A facility which provides non-medical care to seven or more children and/or adults in need of personal services, supervision, or assistance essential for sustaining the activities of daily living or for the protection of the individual on less than a 24-hour basis. May include infant centers and extended day care facilities. Commercial Day Care Centers are subject to State licensing requirements. For child care within a personal residence see "Family Child Care Home."

Crematorium. A structure designed, intended to be used, or used for the cremation of human or animal remains.

Extended Stay Hotel. A building or part of a building, containing six or more guest rooms or suites, offering temporary residence for compensation and specifically constructed, licensed, and/or maintained, all or in part, for non-transient extended stays and/or stays longer than 30 days, regardless of the presence of leases for shorter periods of time.

Funeral Home and Services. A state licensed business for the care, storage, and preparation of the deceased prior to burial or cremation. Funeral services may be conducted on the premises.

General Commercial Services. An establishment that provides business, commercial, or financial services including, but not limited to, banks and other financial institutions (including payday loan facilities, collection agencies, bail bonds, and check cashing facilities), ATMs, computer-related services (computer repair, rental employment agencies, notary services), plumbers, electricians, janitorial and window cleaning, photo copying and printing, and mailing and mail box services (not operated by the USPS), as well as incidental repair. Outdoor sales and display is not allowed.

General Commercial Services with Outside Sales and Display. General commercial services in which the outdoor sales and display of any materials, products, or equipment on the premises is allowed.

Hospital. An institution, place, or building, public or private, whether organized for profit or not, devoted primarily to the maintenance and operation of facilities for the diagnosis and treatment or care of persons admitted for emergency and/or overnight stay or longer in order to obtain medical treatment, including surgical, obstetric, psychiatric, and nursing care of illness, disease, injury, infirmity, or deformity. The term "Hospital" also includes any facility which is devoted primarily to providing psychiatric and related services and programs for the diagnosis and treatment or care of persons suffering from emotional or nervous illness.

Hotel/Motel. "Hotel" or "Motel" means a building or part of a building, guest rooms, or suites offering short-term and temporary residence for compensation, primarily for transient guests. Hotels and motels may include a manger's unit, and incidental amenities and services customarily provided by hotels and motels. Incidental services may include cooking facilities within units; furnishings; linen service; maid service; food service; banquet, reception, meeting and recreational facilities; and ancillary internal retail sales and services provided for the convenience of hotel and motel guests.

Offices. An establishment available for the transaction of general business and services including but not limited to professional, management, financial, legal, social, or government offices, but excluding banks, retail, artisan, and manufacturing uses. Includes offices for government uses as well as medical offices, urgent care, and health clinics used exclusively by physicians, dentists, and similar personnel for the treatment and examination of patients solely on an outpatient basis, provided that no overnight patients must be kept on the premises. Also includes all places where pregnant women are received, cared for, or treated during delivery, regardless of the number of patients received.

Personal Services. An establishment that provides non-medical personal services to an individual as a primary use. Examples of these use include, but are not limited to, barber shops, salon services (e.g. tanning, beauty salons, nail salons, massage, electrolysis, etc.) locksmiths, retail repair services, clothing rental, dry cleaning pick up stores, tailors and alterations, laundromats, massage, photographic studios/photo-finishing, tattoo parlors, and pawn shops. These uses may also include accessory retail sales of products related to the services provided.

Public Services, Emergency Services. Public safety and emergency services and related buildings or garages (e.g., fire and police).

Research, Development, and Testing Laboratory. Establishments for scientific research, and the design, development and testing of electrical, electronic, magnetic, optical, computer, and telecommunications components in advance of product manufacturing, and the assembly of related products from parts produced off-site, where the manufacturing activity is secondary to the research and development activities. Includes, but is not limited to, pharmaceutical, chemical, and biotechnology research and development.

Veterinary Clinic/Hospital. A facility rendering surgical and medical treatment to small animals, which may include overnight accommodations for purposes of recovery or boarding. For the purpose of these regulations, small animals must be deemed to be ordinary household pets, excluding large animals not normally housed or cared for entirely within the confines of a residence. Crematory facilities are not allowed in a veterinary clinic. Veterinary clinics/hospitals may not provide long-term boarding or have outside runs. Does not include "Animal Daycare."

F. Vehicle Sales and Service Use Definitions

Automobile Service Station and Convenience Store. An establishment providing sales of vehicle fuel. This use does not include "Auto Service and Repair, Major" or "Minor" related uses. This use may include incidental food and retail sales and associated merchandise display.

Automobile/Vehicle Parts Sales. Establishments engaged in the retail sale of vehicle parts and accessories, including, but not limited to, engine parts, motor oil, windshield wipers, auto cleaning products, tires, and batteries. Outside storage of parts, merchandise, or equipment is not allowed.

Automobile/Vehicle Rental and Sales, Major. A retail or wholesale establishment selling and/or renting new or used commercial vehicles and equipment, large commercial trucks, RVs, boats, and other large vehicles, including the sale, installation, and servicing of related equipment, parts, and accessories.

Automobile/Vehicle Rental and Sales, Minor. A retail or wholesale establishment selling and/or renting new or used automobiles, motorcycles, ATVs, and other small vehicles, including the sale, installation, and serving of related equipment, parts, and accessories.

Automobile and Large Vehicle and Equipment Storage. Facilities for the storage of large transportation vehicles and related equipment, including, but not limited to, trucks, trailers, and other equipment used for construction, moving, or landscape or gardening activities.

Auto Service and Repair, Major. All activities involving automobile repair, including body repair and body painting. This classification includes auto repair, body and fender, transmission, tire repair, muffler, and wheel and brake shops, as well as auto glass services, but excludes vehicle dismantling or salvaging and tire re-treading or recapping.

Auto Service and Repair, Minor. Automobile repair or vehicle repair garages, including automotive top or upholstery shops. This does not include body or paint shops. This also can include quick-service oil, tune-up; and tire sales, changes, and installation, where minor repairs are made or service is provided in enclosed bays and vehicles are not typically stored overnight. This classification excludes establishments providing engine repair, body and fender work, vehicle painting, and repair of heavy trucks or construction vehicles.

Car Wash. An area or structure equipped with facilities for washing automobiles, including power drive or steam cleaning machinery for washing exterior and interior areas of automobiles.

G. Transportation and Infrastructure Use Definitions

Parking Garage (stand alone). A public or private building, portion of a building, or structure for providing short- or long-term parking of motor vehicles, including automobiles, motorcycles, and bicycles.

Parking Lot (non-accessory, private). A private open or partially enclosed off-street area for the short- or long-term parking of motor vehicles, including automobiles, motorcycles, and bicycles.

Public Transit Center. A site that is designed for the loading or unloading of passengers on public transit vehicles. It may include buildings, employee amenities, platforms, access walks or ramps, parking spaces, and pedestrian crosswalks as well as plazas or other public areas associated with the building(s) and amenities.

Public Utilities, Major. Services and utilities for the public that include water treatment facility, wastewater treatment facility, large electrical distribution facilities, public works yards, and other services that provide major public infrastructure services for urban development.

Public Utilities, Minor. Services and utilities for the public that include utility and electrical substations, pumping stations, and other transmission and distribution facilities.

Wireless Communication Facilities (not including rooftop). Equipment and network components, including, but not limited to, wireless towers, utility poles, transmitters, base stations, and emergency power systems that are used to provide wireless communications services.

H. Agriculture Use Definitions

Community Garden. Land used for cultivation by multiple users of fruits, vegetables, plants, flowers, or herbs.

Urban Agriculture. The production of food within urban areas in, for example, vegetable gardens, or orchards, for local food consumption. Includes related onsite sales of products grown on site.

I. Industrial and Manufacturing Use Definitions

Artisan Food and Beverage Production. On-site production of food and beverage products, involving small batch processing. Typical uses include coffee roasting, ice cream, bakery, candy, and other food stuffs. This may include on-site sales and consumption.

Artisan Manufacturing. On-site production of goods by hand manufacturing, involving the use of hand tools and small-scale, light mechanical equipment. Typical uses include woodworking and cabinet shops, ceramic studios, jewelry manufacturing, and similar types of arts and crafts or very small-scale manufacturing uses that have no negative external impacts on surrounding properties. Welding is also allowed.

Mini-Storage Facility/Personal Storage. An establishment used for renting or leasing storage spaces in which the occupants themselves customarily store and remove their own personal property on a self-service basis.

J. Miscellaneous Use Definitions

Accessory Use. A subordinate use on the same lot with and of a nature incidental to the principal use, and which does not alter the essential characteristics of said principal use and is in keeping with other uses allowed in the same district. Does not include storage or shipping containers. Examples include, but are not limited to:

1. A garage, carport, shed, or building for domestic storage;

2. A children's playhouse, gazebo, greenhouse, pool, or recreation building;

3. Storage of merchandise normally carried in stock on the same lot with any retail service or business use;

4. Storage of goods used in or produced by manufacturing activities, on the same lot or parcel of ground with such activities; and

5. Off-street parking.

6. Accessory Building or Structures.

Temporary Uses per Chapter 3390 "Temporary Uses". Short-term activities that are intended to occupy a site for a limited time and are not allowed on a permanent basis, including but not limited to temporary construction equipment and sales offices and temporary seasonal sales lots.