(a)

The purpose of the R-1, Single Family Residential district is to provide for low density single-family detached residential dwelling uses and directly related, complementary uses.

(b)

The purpose of the R-2, Single and Two Family Residential district is to provide for one- and two-family dwellings and directly related, complementary uses.

(c)

The purpose of the R-3, Medium Density Residential district is to provide for a variety of compatible housing types and densities, including one and two family dwellings and medium density multiple family dwellings, within areas generally located at the edges of the downtown, as identified in the comprehensive plan.

(d)

The purpose of the R-4, High Density Residential district is to provide areas for multiple-family housing at relatively high densities in locations outside of established low density neighborhoods and within areas generally located as identified in the comprehensive plan. One- and two-family dwellings are excluded from this district.

(Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017)

Table 41.1 lists the permitted, Conditional, Interim and accessory uses for the residential districts.

Table 41.1
Residential Districts Permitted Uses

Notes:

[1]

All principal buildings shall be located 50 feet or more from all property lines.

[2]

All short-term rentals require a license and must be located in a primary residence. Short-term rentals are prohibited in multifamily buildings and manor homes. For twinhomes, townhouses, duplexes, triplexes, quadplexes and quadraminiums, only the unit which is the primary residence may be rented as a short-term rental. Nothing herein, however, shall prohibit the owner of a Landmark site from renting out up to three units (or their accessory dwelling unit) as short-term rentals in addition to the unit that is their primary residence.

(Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017; Ord. No. 660, § 3, 5-6-2024)

Note— Ord. No. 660, § 5, adopted May 6, 2024 enacts a "limited duration waiver of enforcement of primary residence requirement." The city will waive enforcement through December 31, 2024 of the primary residence requirement set forth in section 10-1302 and section 41-2 of appendix E for properties located in the R-1 and R-2 zoning districts. This limited duration waiver of enforcement is provided to allow short-term rental operators sufficient time and opportunity to come into compliance with the primary residence requirement set forth in section 10-1302. Such limited duration waiver of enforcement shall not be construed as granting any vested property right. Such waiver of enforcement is limited solely to the primary residence requirement for properties located in the R-1 and R-2 zoning districts and no waiver of any other provision is intended or implied provided, however, that a person renting their property for less than 28 days between the effective date of this ordinance and December 31, 2024 shall not be required to apply for or obtain a license but shall be required to register with the city. Such registration shall include, at a minimum, the items listed in subsections 10-1032(c)(1), (2), (4), (5), and (6). Such registration shall not be construed as granting any vested property right.

Table 41.2 establishes lot and building regulations for the residential districts, except as otherwise expressly stated in this zoning ordinance.

Table 41.2
Residential District Lot and Building Regulations

Notes:

[1]

For each parking space provided within residential structures or underground, subtract 500 feet.

[2]

The front yard setback of a principal structure (or addition thereto) shall be no closer to the street than the average of the front yard setbacks for the principal structures on either adjacent lot on the same block and same side of the street provided that it shall not be closer than 20 feet from the front property line. In the case that the average of the front yard setbacks for the principal structures on either adjacent lot on the same block and same side of the street is greater than 30 feet, the front yard setback of the propose principal structure shall be 30 feet. Principal structures on corner lots or next to only one existing principal structure shall match the front yard setback of the adjacent home.

[3]

Building height exceptions are found in Article 14.

[4]

Maximum impervious surface exceptions for office, banks, and clinics are located in Sec 12.1 and 12.2.

[5]

Side yard setbacks of greatest distance shall be placed on the side of the lot with the closest neighboring principal structure to the shared property line unless both adjacent property owners consent in writing to a different arrangement.

Figure 41-1: Lot and Building Regulation

(Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017; Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018; Ord. No. 597, § 3, 1-21-2020; Ord. No. 664, § 3, 2-20-2024)

(a)

The building height of the primary structure in the R-1 and R-2 zoning districts shall not exceed the following:

Table 41.3
Maximum Building Height

(b)

Building height measurement definition and building height exceptions are found in article 14.

(Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017; Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018; Ord. No. 664, § 4, 2-20-2024)

(a)

Building coverage in the R-1 and R-2 zoning districts shall not exceed the following:

Table 41.4
Maximum Building Coverage
(principal + accessory)

(b)

Additional lot coverage allowance for one and one and a half story structures: For lots up to 8,000 square feet, maximum building coverage is increased to 30 percent if the primary structure is one or one and a half stories (see definitions, section 2.2).

(Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018; Ord. No. 664, § 5, 2-20-2024)

(a)

Lot coverage in the R-1 and R-2 zoning districts shall not exceed the following:

Table 41.5
Maximum Lot Coverage
(principal + accessory + impervious surfaces)

(b)

Exemptions. Up to 500 square feet of lot coverage is exempt from the lot coverage limits if a garage is detached, set back 60 feet or more from the front property line, and accessed from the front of the property. The exemption applies only to that portion of the driveway that is required between the rear of the primary structure and the detached garage.

(Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018; Ord. No. 664, § 6, 2-20-2024)

(a)

Single-family dwelling units. Except as otherwise specified in the zoning district provisions, single-family homes as classified below shall have the following minimum floor areas per unit:

(b)

Multiple dwelling units. Except as otherwise specified in zoning district provisions, living units classified as multiple dwelling (excepting elderly housing) shall have the following minimum floor areas per unit:

C.

Elderly (senior citizen) housing. Except as otherwise specified in the zoning district provisions, living units classified as elderly (senior citizen) housing units shall have the following minimum floor areas per unit:

(d)

Two-family, manor homes, and townhouses. Except as otherwise specified in the zoning district provisions, two-family, manor homes, and townhouses, as classified below, shall have the minimum floor area per unit:

(e)

Efficiency/studio apartments. Except for elderly (senior citizen) housing, the number of efficiency apartments in multiple family dwellings shall not exceed one unit or ten percent of the total number of dwelling units in the building, whichever is greater. In the case of elderly (senior citizen) housing, efficiency apartments shall not exceed 30 percent of the total number of apartments.

(Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017; Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018)

Note— Former § 41-5 was renumbered as § 41-7. Former § 41-7, which pertained to front yard setback exceptions, was repealed in its entirety by Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018 and derived from Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017.

Sideyards. Buildings may be excluded from side yard requirements in the R-2, One and Two Family Residential district if a party wall is used along the common lot line to construct a building as an integral unit. Party wall is to be fire resistant and shall be secured by the necessary easements.

(Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017; Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018)

Note— Formerly numbered as § 41-6.

The primary exterior building façade finishes for residential uses shall consist of materials comparable in grade to the following:

(a)

Brick.

(b)

Stone (natural or artificial).

(c)

Integral colored split face (rock face) concrete block.

(d)

Wood, natural or composite, provided the surfaces are finished for exterior use or wood of proven exterior durability is used, such as cedar, redwood or cypress.

(e)

Stucco (natural or artificial).

(f)

Finished or unfinished copper and zinc.

(g)

Recyclable grades of vinyl, and finished steel and aluminum.

(h)

Fiber cement board.

(i)

Exterior insulation and finish systems.

(j)

Energy generation panels and devices affixed to a roof or wall. If not in use, the panels or devices should be removed and building surface restored to the original condition.

(Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017; Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018)

Note— Formerly numbered as § 41-8.

Single family and multiple family containing up to five units including all new construction and remodeling shall meet the following design standards:

(a)

Any new construction, remodeling, or addition should be reviewed by the zoning administrator and city architect to determine the proposed project's adherence to the good neighbor guidelines. New construction, additions, or remodels that result in the increase of volume or reorientation or changes in setbacks of a principal structure or accessory structure requiring a building permit within the R-1 and R-2 zoning district are subject to review by the residential review process using the good neighbor guidelines. Any application denied based on determined noncompliance with the good neighbor guidelines shall be subject to the appeal process outlined in article 7 of this Appendix E.

(Ord. No. 610, § 6, 9-9-2020)

(b)

Entrances. Primary entrances on principal structures shall face the front lot line as defined by article 2 of this Appendix E. Additional secondary entrances may be oriented to a secondary street or parking area. Primary entries shall be clearly visible and identifiable from the street, and delineated with elements such as roof overhangs, recessed entries, landscaping, or similar design features. Lakeshore properties are exempt from this requirement.

(c)

New construction and remodeling. New construction and remodeling shall relate to the design of surrounding traditional buildings, where these are present. Design features such as similar setbacks, scale, façade divisions, roof lines, rhythm and proportions of openings, building materials and colors are possible design techniques, while allowing desirable architecture innovation, variation, and visual interest. All sides of buildings shall use the same building materials and other architectural treatments as principal façades. The architectural style shall be consistent with the definition of four-sided architecture as defined in section 2-2.

(Ord. No. 619, § 6, 12-21-2020)

(d)

Window and door openings. For principal residential buildings, above grade window and door openings shall comprise at least 15 percent of the total area of exterior walls (excluding the area of garage doors) facing a public street or sidewalk. In addition, above grade window and door openings shall comprise at least ten percent of the total area of all exterior walls.

(e)

Garage design. The following requirements do not apply to detached garages located behind the principle building.

(1)

When a garage has wall(s) facing a street, these wall(s) shall include windows and other architectural details that mimic the features of the living portion of the dwelling.

(2)

Street facing garage doors shall

a.

Have individual garage doors that do not exceed 64 square feet, each;

b.

Not exceed 50 percent of the combined façade width of the dwelling and garage; and

c.

Be recessed at least ten feet from the longest front or side wall plane of the principal building. For tuck-under garages, in lieu of a ten-foot setback, provide a decorative trellis or other feature that will provide a shadow line giving the perception that the garage opening is recessed. The feature shall be provided across the top and along the width of the garage doors and be at least 12 inches deep.

(3)

Garages with non-street facing garage doors must be recessed at least six feet from the longest front wall plane of the principal building.

(f)

Front, side and rear wall plane limitations.

(1)

The length of an exterior front wall of principal structures more than 20 feet in height shall not exceed 16 feet in width on the first floor without a minimum of at least a two-foot deep by eight-foot-wide offset (projecting or recessed) within every 16 feet or less. The length of an exterior front wall of principal structures up to 20 feet in height shall not exceed 24 feet in width on the first floor without a minimum of at least a two-foot deep by eight-foot-wide offset (projected or recessed) within every 24 feet or less. A porch may be utilized in lieu of the required offset.

(2)

The length of an exterior side or rear wall shall not exceed 32 feet without a minimum of at least a two-foot deep by eight-foot-wide offset (projecting or recessed) within every 32 feet or less. A porch may be utilized in lieu of the required offset.

(g)

Wall heights on sloped terrain. To the extent that any wall height of a new or remodeled structure exceeds 28 feet in height, it shall step back at least two feet for each foot it exceeds 28 feet in height at the point the wall height exceeds 28 feet in height. For purposes of this section, "wall height" shall mean the distance from the place it emerges from the ground to the top of a cornice or a flat roof, to the deck line of a mansard roof, to a point on the roof directly above the highest wall of a shed roof, to the uppermost point on a round or an arch type or to the mean distance of the highest ridge of a pitched, hip, or gambrel roof.

Figure 41.1: Illustrative Application of Garage Setback

(Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017; Ord. No. 573, § 1, 1-8-2018; Ord. No. 578, §§ 2, 3, 4-24-2018; Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018; Ord. No. 604, § 2, 8-19-2019; Ord. No. 610, § 6, 9-9-2020)

Multiple family containing six (6) units or more for new construction and remodeling:

(a)

Building massing and proportion.

(1)

Each multiple family building shall feature a variety of massing proportions, wall plane proportions, roof proportions and other characteristics similar in scale to those of single family detached dwelling units, so that such larger buildings can be aesthetically integrated into a lower density neighborhood. The following specific standards shall also apply to such multiple family dwellings:

(2)

Roofs. Each multiple family building will feature a combination of primary and secondary roofs. Primary roofs will be articulated by at least one of the following elements:

a.

Changes in plane and elevation.

b.

Dormers, gables or clerestories.

c.

Transitions to secondary roofs over entrances, garages, porches, bay windows.

(3)

Façades and walls. Each multiple family dwelling shall be articulated with projections, recesses, covered doorways, balconies, covered box or bay windows or other similar features, dividing large façades and walls into human scaled proportions similar to the adjacent single family dwellings, and shall not have repetitive, monotonous, undifferentiated wall planes.

(b)

Each multiple family building shall feature walls that are articulated by at least two of the following elements within every 30-foot length of the façade:

(1)

Recesses, projections or significant offsets in the wall plane of at least four feet.

(2)

Distinct individualized entrances with functional porches or patios.

(3)

Chimneys made of masonry, or other contrasting material that projects from the wall plan.

(4)

Balconies.

(5)

Covered bay or box windows.

(c)

Variation among repeated buildings. For any development containing at least 24 and not more than 48 dwelling units, there will be at least two distinctly different but cohesive building designs. For any such development containing more than 48 dwelling units, there will be at least three distinctly different building designs. For all developments, there will be no more than two similar buildings placed next to each other along a street or major walkway spine.

(d)

Building design. Distinctly different building designs shall provide significant variation in footprint size and shape, architectural elevations and entrance features, within a coordinated overall theme of roof forms, massing proportions and other characteristics.

(e)

Multiple family garages

(1)

Garages. No street facing façade shall contain more than two garage bays.

(2)

Perimeter garages.

a.

Length. Any garage located with its rear wall along the perimeter of the property and within 65 feet of a public right-of-way or the property line of the development site will not exceed 55 feet in length. A minimum of eight feet of landscaping must be provided between any two such perimeter garages.

b.

Articulation. No rear garage wall that faces a street or adjacent development shall exceed 30 feet in length without including at least one of the following in at least two locations:

1.

Change in wall plane of at least two feet;

2.

Change in material or siding pattern;

3.

Change in roof plane;

4.

Windows;

5.

Doorways;

6.

An equivalent vertical element that subdivides the wall into proportions related to human scale and/or the internal diversions within the building.

(Ord. No. 560, § 2, 4-17-2017; Ord. No. 580, § 2, 5-2-2018)

Note— Formerly numbered as § 41-11.