Marinette City Zoning Code
ARTICLE XXVI
Off-Street Parking, Loading, Access, and Traffic Visibility
§ 465-207 Regulation of off-street parking.
All off-street parking areas utilized for commercial purposes or income-producing purposes, including, but not by way of limitation, parking for apartments, local shopping, commercial and light industrial uses shall be drained properly and maintained in a dust-free manner utilizing a hard surface coating such as asphalt or concrete, and shall be maintained in a manner consistent with the public nuisance ordinance.[1]
§ 465-208 Off-street parking.
A.
Purpose. The purpose of this article is to prevent or alleviate the congestion of the public streets and promote the safety and welfare of the public by establishing minimum requirements for off-street parking and loading in accordance with the use to which the property is put.
B.
Applicability. In all zoning districts, unless otherwise specifically provided, all newly established uses and all uses which are expanded shall provide off-street parking and loading space in accordance with the standards set forth in this article.
(1)
Unless otherwise herein provided, in the event that within any five-year period an existing use is expanded to the extent of 20% or more in floor area, off-street parking and loading space shall be provided based on the additional area in accordance with the standards set forth in this article. Any off-street parking spaces added since adoption of this chapter shall count toward the spaces needed to meet this requirement.
(2)
Unless otherwise herein provided, in the event that within any five-year period an existing use is expanded to the extent of 50% or more in floor area, in addition to providing additional off-street parking and loading as provided above, all existing off-street parking and loading space shall be brought into conformance with the standards set forth in this article.
(3)
Off-street parking and loading facilities in existence on the effective date of this chapter and located on the same lot as the building or use served shall not hereafter be reduced below the requirements for a similar new building or use under the provisions of this article.
§ 465-209 Voluntary establishment and expansion of parking facilities.
Nothing in this article shall be deemed to prevent the voluntary establishment or expansion of off-street parking or loading facilities to serve any existing use, provided that all standards herein governing the location, design, and operation of such facilities are met.
§ 465-210 Additional requirements.
In addition to the parking requirements in this article, the following requirements shall apply:
A.
Alley loading area in commercial/industrial districts. In any commercial or industrial district, wherever a lot abuts upon a public or private alley, sufficient space for the loading or unloading of vehicles shall be provided on the lot in connection with any commercial or industrial use so that the alley shall at all times be free and unobstructed to the passage of traffic.
B.
Accessory parking in multifamily districts. Accessory parking is permitted in areas adjacent to multifamily districts, although the adjacent district be not zoned multiple-family district, provided that parking facilities herein permitted shall conform to the required side yard lines as required in the district in which situated; provided, further, sufficient fencing and screening shall be installed in compliance with the City of Marinette Code; provided, further, that any lighting installed in said parking area shall not interfere or cause a nuisance to residents or owners of adjacent property.
§ 465-211 Nonconforming off-street parking for nonresidential uses in commercial and local shopping districts.
Notwithstanding previous sections of this chapter, a substandard off-street parking area for a nonresidential use building shall be allowed as a nonconforming use under the following conditions:
A.
All buildings on the site were in existence on or before March 7, 1995.
B.
There is no increase in square footage of any building.
C.
Any existing off-street parking is not reduced.
D.
If there is room for additional off-street parking, as much off-street parking shall be developed as the site will allow.
§ 465-212 Permit application, review and approval.
Applications for off-street parking lot and driveway permits shall be submitted to the Building Inspector and City Engineer for review. The Building Inspector and City Engineer shall approve the plans upon a finding that the plans comply with the intent and purpose of this chapter. Approval shall be required of any driveway apron or curb cut in accordance with other provisions of this Code.
§ 465-213 Construction drawings.
Construction drawings shall be prepared by a professional surveyor, professional engineer, architect or by a practicing land use planner and shall show the following information:
A.
Plot plan and property description.
B.
Drawings shall be engineer's scale of a minimum of one inch equals 50 feet.
C.
All buildings and utility lines shall be shown with their size and location.
D.
Paved areas shall be shown and dimensioned.
E.
The traffic pattern and parking layout shall be indicated.
F.
Drainage control shall be indicated by finish grade elevations or directional indications of slopes or an on-site water retention device.
G.
Show the size and location of ingress and egress openings.
H.
Show the location, size and species of all landscape plantings.
I.
Show the location of all lighting systems.
J.
Other information required by this chapter.
§ 465-214 Permit fees.
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. III)]
The parking lot permit fee shall be an amount set from time to time by the Common Council.
§ 465-215 Design standards.
A.
Applicability. These standards shall apply to parking areas containing five or more spaces.
B.
Surface areas. All areas intended to be utilized for parking space and driveways shall be surfaced with bituminous asphalt or concrete.
C.
Drainage. All parking areas shall have adequate drainage.
D.
Striping. All parking stalls shall be marked with painted lines not less than four inches wide.
E.
Lighting. All parking lot lighting fixtures (whether required by the Code or not) shall be of a "full-cutoff" type to avoid light spill onto adjacent properties.
F.
Protection devices. Barriers, curbing or wheel stops shall be installed and so located to prevent any portion of a vehicle from projecting beyond property lines. Such barriers, curbs or wheel stops shall be so constructed and anchored to prevent their dislocation.
All off-street parking shall have a perimeter concrete curb and gutter around the entire parking lot unless the site plan shows that runoff from the parking lot will not cause erosion or adversely affect adjacent properties.
G.
Buffering. When parking is located on property adjacent to a residential zoning district or residential use, the surfaced area shall either:
(1)
Be set back a minimum of three feet from side and rear property lines, and the setback area shall be devoted to landscaping which creates a screen to buffer the effect of noise, light, or visual appearance on the adjacent residential property; or
(2)
Shall provide on the lot line a four-foot-high fence or wall which will provide at least 50% screening capability to separate and buffer the parking lot from the residential property.
H.
Landscaping. Landscaping materials shall be of a hardy variety common to the geographic area. Plants shall be of sufficient size as to provide at least 50% screening capability within five years when adjacent to a residential district or use. Evergreens or dense deciduous shrubs are suggested. Landscaping shall be maintained in a healthy and attractive manner.
I.
Planting areas. All public off-street parking areas which serve five vehicles or more and are created or redesigned and rebuilt subsequent to the adoption of this chapter shall be provided with accessory landscape areas totaling not less than 5% of the surfaced area. The minimum size of each landscape area shall not be less than 100 square feet, and landscaped area shall be distributed evenly throughout the parking area. Location of landscape areas, plant materials, protection afforded the plantings, including curbing and provision for maintenance, shall be subject to approval by the Plan Commission. All plans for such proposed parking areas shall include a topographic survey or grading plan which shows existing and proposed grades and location of improvements. The preservation of existing trees, shrubs, and other natural vegetation in the parking area may be included in the calculation of the required minimum landscape area.
J.
Parking lot landscaping. To avoid the undesirable monotony, heat and wind associated with large parking lots, such lots shall have a minimum of one internal landscaped island delineator in addition to any required traffic safety island for each 21,780 square feet (1/2 acre) or fraction thereof of off-street parking space; such islands shall be a minimum of 360 square feet (two parking spaces) and shall be bounded by concrete curbing. Trees may be installed in approved traffic safety islands used to delineate parking spaces from driving aisles and in other areas. The internal landscaped island(s) required above may be eliminated if the aggregate area and trees of individual traffic islands meets or exceeds the above requirement.
K.
Parking lot screening. The parking or storage of inoperable motor vehicles, if not within an enclosed building structure, shall be effectively screened as defined.
L.
Planting standards. All plant material shall conform to the specifications and procedures stated in the landscape plan requirements section of these standards. Landscaping, except required grass or ground cover, shall not be located closer than seven feet from the edge of any driveway pavement or within the established right-of-way.
M.
Maintenance. It shall be the joint and several responsibility of the lessee and owner of the principal use, uses or building to maintain in a neat and adequate manner the parking space, accessways, striping, landscaping, screening, and required fences.
N.
Drainage. No parking lot shall be developed that results in water runoff which causes property damage, temporary flooding, and/or erosion on adjacent properties. Such runoff shall be properly conveyed to a public storm sewer, drainageway or other such public drainage facility or on-site water retention facility per the approval of the City Engineer.
§ 465-216 Required space for specific uses.
A.
Residential. Single-Family Residential District; One- and Two-Family Residential District: two per dwelling unit.
B.
Multiple-family in residence district: two per dwelling unit.
C.
Housing for the elderly: one for each two dwelling units. Should units revert to general occupancy, additional spaces must be provided.
D.
Fraternity, sorority, or similar group homes: two plus one for every six beds.
E.
Family day-care home: two per dwelling unit and one per staff.
F.
Community living arrangement, eight or less residents: two per dwelling unit.
G.
Community living arrangement, nine or more residents: two per dwelling unit and one per staff.
H.
Institutional.
(1)
Churches or temples: one for each eight seats (24-inch seats) in the main auditorium.
(2)
Hospitals: one for each one bed.
(3)
Homes for aged, convalescent home, or similar use: one for each six beds.
(4)
College or senior high school: one for each 10 seats in the auditorium or main assembly room or one space for each classroom, whichever is greater.
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. III)]
(5)
Elementary or junior high schools: one for each 10 seats in the auditorium or main assembly room or one space for each classroom, whichever is greater.
(6)
Sports arena, stadium, gymnasium, auditorium, or theater (except school): one seat for each five seats or seating spaces.
(7)
Community center, dance halls, clubs, union halls, assembly hall or similar use: one for each 100 square feet of usable floor area.
(8)
Golf courses open to the general public, except miniature or "par-three" type: six for each golf hole, plus any requirements of any restaurant or bar.
I.
Business or commercial.
(1)
Shopping centers or discount department stores containing at least 25,000 gross square feet: four per each 1,000 square feet of usable floor area.
(2)
Furniture and appliance, household equipment, repair shops, showroom tradesperson, and similar uses: one per each 1,000 square feet of usable floor area.
(3)
Supermarket, self-service food or beverage shop, retail stores except as otherwise specified, personal services: one per each 200 square feet of usable floor area.
(4)
Restaurant, tavern, nightclub, similar recreation or establishment: one per each 100 square feet of usable floor area.
(5)
Laundromats and coin-operated dry cleaners: one for each two washing machines.
(6)
Drive-in car washes, automatic: 15 standing spaces for each vehicle of capacity in the washing bay, plus one space for each two employees.
(7)
Car washes, self-service: three standing spaces for each washing bay.
(8)
Drive-in banks: four standing spaces for each drive-in window, in addition to one space for each employee and one for a manager.
(9)
Drive-in restaurant or food product outlet: one for each vehicle connected with the business, one for the owner or manager, one for each two employees on duty when fully staffed, plus spaces adequate in number, as determined by the Plan Commission, to serve the public.
(10)
Filling station: one for each vehicle connected with the business, one for each employee on duty when fully staffed, one for the owner or manager, plus three for each bay intended for service, repair or other use.
(11)
Bowling alley: five spaces for each alley in addition to requirements for restaurants or bars or assembly rooms.
(12)
Miniature or par-three golf courses: one for each golf hole.
(13)
Mortuary establishment: one for each 50 square feet of usable floor space in public service area.
(14)
Motels, hotels, bed-and-breakfast establishments, or other commercial lodging establishment: one for each one occupancy unit, plus any requirements of restaurants, auditorium, or retail services located within the building.
(15)
Retail stores and service establishments: one per each 200 square feet of usable floor area.
K.
Industrial.
(1)
Manufacturing or industrial establishments, research or testing laboratory, creamery, bottling plant, warehouse, or similar establishment: one for every two employees in the largest shift, plus space to accommodate all trucks and other vehicles in connection therewith.
L.
Mixed occupancies. In the case of mixed uses, the total requirements for off-street parking facilities shall be the sum of the requirements for the various uses computed separately. Off-street parking facilities for one use shall not be considered as providing required parking facilities for any other use, except as hereinabove specified.
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. III)]
M.
Unspecified uses. In the case of a use not specifically mentioned in this article, the requirements for off-street parking facilities shall be the same as for the above-mentioned uses which, in the opinion of the Building Inspector, shall be deemed most similar.
N.
All parking spaces required herein shall be located within 400 feet of the parcel with the building or use served. One- or two-family residential parking must be on the same lot with the building or use served.
[Added at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. III)]
§ 465-217 Loading requirements.
On every lot on which a business, trade, or industrial use is hereafter established, space with access to a public street or alley shall be provided as indicated below for the loading and unloading of vehicles off the public right-of-way.
A.
Number of loading and unloading spaces required.
Gross Floor Area of Building in Square Feet | Number of Spaces |
|---|---|
5,000 to 24,999 | 1 |
25,000 to 49,999 | 2 |
50,000 to 99,999 | 3 |
100,000 to 174,999 | 4 |
175,000 to 249,999 | 5* |
* For each additional 74,000 square feet (or fraction thereof) of gross floor area, one additional loading and unloading space shall be provided. |
B.
Each loading and unloading space shall have access to a public dedicated street or alley.
C.
The minimum area for each loading and unloading space, excluding the area needed to maneuver, shall be 12 feet by 65 feet.
D.
In all districts, adequate loading areas shall be provided so that all vehicles loading, maneuvering or unloading are completely off the public ways and so that all vehicles need not back onto any public way.
§ 465-218 Traffic visibility.
A.
No obstructions, such as structures, parking or vegetation, shall be permitted in any district between the heights of 2 1/2 feet and 10 feet above the plane through the mean curb grades within the triangular space formed by any two existing or proposed intersecting street or alley right-of-way lines and a line joining points on such lines located a minimum of 20 feet from their intersection.
B.
In the case of arterial streets intersecting with other arterial streets or railways, the corner cutoff distances establishing the triangular vision clearance space shall be increased to 50 feet, except in the B-2 District.
C.
In addition to the vision clearance provided at intersections, no obstructions shall be permitted between the height of 2 1/2 feet and 10 feet above the plane through the mean curb grade within 10 feet of the curbline of a street in any district.
§ 465-219 Driveways.
Driveways shall comply with the Marinette Code of ordinances. (See Chapter 202, Driveways.)
§ 465-220 Parking on lot.
[Amended 3-5-2013 by Ord. No. 2013-2239]
All parking spaces required herein shall be located within 400 feet of the parcel with the building or use served. One- or two-family residential parking must be on the same lot with the building or use served.