Milton City Zoning Code

The intent and purpose of this Article 7A is to enable and support the implementation of the following policies:

A.

That Crabapple is an important center for high-quality, mixed-use development in the City of Milton as established in the Crabapple Visioning Study and the Comprehensive Plan.

B.

That within Crabapple, ordinary activities of daily life should occur within walking or bicycling distance of most dwellings.

C.

That interconnected networks of thoroughfares should be designed to disperse traffic and reduce the length of automobile trips.

D.

That a range of housing options should be provided to accommodate different needs in the community.

E.

That development should be concentrated in areas served by existing infrastructure and discouraged in areas lacking it.

F.

That development patterns should enable children to walk or bicycle to school.

G.

That a range of open spaces including parks, squares, playgrounds, and preserved rural areas should be distributed throughout Crabapple.

H.

That buildings and landscaping should contribute to the physical definition of thoroughfares as civic places.

I.

That development should adequately accommodate automobiles while respecting the pedestrian and the spatial form of public areas.

J.

That community design should reinforce safe environments, but not at the expense of accessibility.

K.

That architecture and landscape design should grow from the local climate, topography, history, and building practices.

L.

That civic buildings and public gathering places should be provided as locations that reinforce community identity and support self-governance.

M.

That civic buildings should be distinctive and appropriate to a role more important than the other buildings that constitute the fabric of the area.

N.

That the preservation and renewal of historic buildings should be facilitated.

O.

That the harmonious and orderly growth of Crabapple should be secured through form-based codes rather than traditional zoning.

A.

Terms used throughout this Article 7A are defined in Sec. 13.1 or Sec. 7A.6 architectural styles. Sec. 13.1 contains regulatory language that is integral to this Article 7A.

B.

The metrics of Sec. 7A.5 standards and tables are an integral part of this Article 7A. However, the diagrams and illustrations that accompany them should be considered advisory, except those in Table 12 Definitions Illustrated (see Sec. 7A.5.16), which are legally binding.

C.

Where in conflict, numerical metrics take precedence over graphic metrics.

D.

When a provision of this Article 7A conflicts with another provision of this UDC, the provision of this Article 7A applies unless otherwise indicated.

A.

The regulations in this Article 7A apply to all property located within the boundaries shown in the Crabapple Regulating Plan ("this district"), which is hereby re-adopted concurrently with this UDC, which must be kept on file with the Director, and which is hereby incorporated by reference. The Crabapple Regulating Plan must also be shown on the Official Zoning Map.

B.

To reflect a variety of development patterns, this Article 7A includes Transect Zones, Civic Zones, and Special Districts, the locations for which are shown on the Crabapple Regulating Plan or an approved Infill Regulating Plan.

C.

The standards for Transect Zones and Civic Zones are in Sec. 7A.3, Sec. 7A.4 and Sec. 7A.5.

D.

The standards for T4 also apply to zones T4-Restricted and T4-Open except as specifically indicated.

E.

Areas that, by their intrinsic character, cannot conform to the requirements of any Transect Zone are designated as Special Districts.

F.

The standards for Special Districts must be approved by the City Council as part of a regulating plan or infill regulating plan. Said standards must include one or both of the following:

1.

Standards specifically prepared for the particular Special District.

2.

Standards of any other zoning districts, provided that the applicable standards of Sec. 7A.3 public standards will still apply. The other zoning district that applies to each special district must be shown on the regulating plan or infill regulating plan.

A.

Design Review Board

Design Review Board review is required as established Sec. 12.12.3.D.

B.

Code Compliance Certificate

Before appearing before the Design Review Board, applicants must submit the following to the Director:

1.

A site plan, drawn to scale, containing the following minimum information, if applicable:

a.

Site boundary.

b.

Site data, including acreage, building units, residential floor area and units, non-residential floor area, required and proposed parking and loading facilities, and lot coverage.

c.

Proposed thoroughfares.

d.

Proposed sidewalks.

e.

Proposed landscape and hardscaped areas.

f.

Existing features to remain, including buildings with square footages and heights (stories), parking and driveways, fences, retaining walls, towers, and any other structures.

g.

Proposed new features, including buildings with square footages and heights (stories), parking and driveways, fences, retaining walls, towers, and any other structures.

h.

Proposed size of new lots.

i.

Required setbacks.

j.

Natural features, including streams, waters of the state, lakes, wetlands, flood zones, and associated buffers.

k.

Required landscape strips, undisturbed buffers, and other natural areas as required or proposed.

1.

Proposed stormwater management facilities.

2.

Elevations of all buildings.

3.

Other material deemed necessary by the Director to review for conformance with the requirements of this Article 7A.

Upon receiving the information required in subparagraphs 1 through 3 above, the Director has 45 days to approve or deny the plans for conformance with the requirements of this Article 7A.

A.

There are two types of deviation from the requirements of this Article 7A: warrants and variances. Whether a deviation requires a warrant or variance is determined by the Director, except where specifically prescribed in this Article 7A.

B.

A warrant is a ruling that would permit a practice that is not consistent with a specific provision of this Article 7A but is justified by its intent. A warrant will be processed as an administrative variance under Sec. 12.4.2.A.3.

C.

Warrants relating to a physical element or metric of this Article 7A must be based upon credible submitted evidence demonstrating that:

1.

Approval, if granted, would not offend the spirit or intent of this Article 7A identified in Sec. 7A.1.1.

2.

There are such extraordinary and exceptional situations or conditions pertaining to the particular piece of property that the literal or strict application of this Article 7A would create an unnecessary hardship due to size, shape or topography or other extraordinary and exceptional situations or conditions not caused by the applicant.

3.

Relief, if granted, would not cause a substantial detriment to the public good and surrounding properties.

4.

That the public safety, health, and welfare are secured, and that substantial justice is done.

D.

Warrants relating to a use will be processed as an administrative permit in accordance with Sec. 12.5.1 and must be based upon the considerations for use permits established in Sec. 12.5.2.

E.

A variance is any ruling on a deviation other than a warrant. A variance will be processed as a primary variance by the Board of Zoning Appeals in accordance with Sec. 12.4.2.

F.

If a warrant or variance is requested in conjunction with an application for an Infill Regulating Plan, the City Council will process the requested warrants and variances as a concurrent variance.

G.

No warrants or variances may be issued for the following standards and requirements:

1.

The density requirements.

2.

The permission to build accessory buildings.

3.

The Function and use requirements of Sec. 8.2.2. (Use Table for Crabapple Form-Based Code) and Code Summary Table 10 (see Sec. 7A.5.12), except where a warrant is indicated therein.

A.

Density is expressed in building units per acre as specified for each Transect Zone by Table 10, section a (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

B.

The maximum density of a site is calculated by multiplying the Transect Zone's density identified in Table 10 section a (see Sec. 7A.5.12) by the gross site area. Where a site includes multiple Transect Zones, each must be calculated independently. The area of new thoroughfares and civic spaces on the site must be allocated to the closest Transect Zone(s) on the site. Where a thoroughfare or civic space adjoins multiple Transect Zones, their area must be proportionally allocated to the adjoining zones.

C.

Where a site is subdivided into lots, a lot's density may exceed the density of the Transect Zone within which it lies, provided that the maximum density of the Transect Zone for the site as whole as established in paragraph B above is not exceeded.

D.

Building units, or fractions thereof, must be exchanged for functions at the following rates as established in Table 8B (see Sec. 7A.5.10):

1.

Residential: 1 dwelling unit for each building unit.

2.

Lodging: 4 guest rooms for each building unit.

3.

Office: 2,250 square feet of floor area for each building unit.

4.

Retail: 2,250 square feet of floor area for each building unit.

5.

Other: 2,250 square feet of floor area for each building unit.

Interior or covered off-street parking does not require the use of building units.

E.

Where the exchange of building units for functions results in a fraction, the fraction must be rounded down to the nearest whole number of dwelling units, guest rooms, or square feet as established in paragraph D above.

F.

Accessory dwelling units do not count toward Density calculations.

G.

Civic buildings do not count towards density calculations.

H.

Senior housing in accordance with Sec. 8.3.1.J and approved by use permit does not count toward the density calculations of this Article 7A.

I.

Contributing historic structures do not count towards Density calculations.

J.

The number of building units allowed on a site may be increased by two building units for every one parking space that meet one of the following:

1.

The parking is located within a Parking Structure having two or more above-ground stories, including the ground level.

2.

The parking is located within a Parking Structure having one or more below-ground stories.

3.

The parking is available for exclusive use by off-site Retail, Restaurant, Civic or Office Functions within a straight-line radius of 600 horizontal feet from the parking space to the public entrance of the establishment.

K.

The base density of a site may be increased by the Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) up to the amount specified for each zone by Table 10 section a (see Sec. 7A.5.12) subject to Sec. 7A.1.7.

L.

The total number of building units allowed on the site after use of the increases allowed in paragraphs J and K above must not exceed the base density specified as being allowed "By TDR" for each zone in Table 10 (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

(Ord. No. 25-01-571, § 1(Exh. A), 1-22-25)

A.

Purpose

The TDR mechanism is intended to encourage the voluntary redirection of future growth from areas where Milton wants reduced development into areas designated for development. Landowners can voluntarily choose to have their properties considered as either open space TDR sending sites or park/greenway TDR sending sites. Open space TDR sending sites remain under private ownership subject to a conservation easement permanently limiting future development. Park/greenway TDR sending sites are transferred from private ownership to the City or otherwise secured for public access in a manner acceptable to the City. In return for voluntarily participating in the TDR program, private property owners receive TDRs which can be transferred for use at designated TDR receiving sites.

B.

TDR Sending Site Criteria

1.

Open space TDR sending sites must be parcels at least 5 acres in size, must be zoned T2 within this district or AG-1 outside of this district and must contain natural or agricultural features whose retention would implement the City's goals for maintaining significant environmental areas, rural character, and open space. Parcels will not qualify if the restrictions that would be imposed by a conservation easement have already been established by a preexisting easement or similar instrument.

2.

Park/greenway TDR sending sites must be at least one acre in size, unoccupied by any residences or other improvements that would render the site unusable for public access and must be designated as suitable for park, greenway, civic space, trail, or other public recreational uses in a plan or code adopted by the City. Parcels in public ownership before the effective date of this Article 7A will not qualify as TDR sending sites. However, parcels that the City buys for parks and greenways after the effective date of this Article 7A meet the criteria for park/greenway TDR sending sites.

C.

TDR Sending Site Approval Process

1.

Open space TDR sending sites: Property owners may offer their land as open space TDR sending sites using application forms provided by the Director. If the Director finds that the proposed property meets the criteria, they must approve the application and oversee the execution and recordation of a permanent conservation easement, approved by the Director, that limits future development of the sending site to a density of no more than one dwelling per parcel or one dwelling per full 25 acres, whichever density is greater. The easement must specify that all other uses, building requirements, and activities are controlled by the standards of the T2 zone for parcels within this district and the standards of the AG-1 district for parcels outside of this district.

2.

Park/greenway TDR sending sites: Property owners may offer their land as park/greenway TDR sending sites using application forms provided by the Director. If the property owner proposes to transfer title to the City, the change of ownership must pertain to the entire parcel. If the Director finds that the proposed property meets the criteria for a park/greenway TDR sending site, they will approve the application and submit the transfer of title to the City or an agency/organization authorized by the City Council for approval. A permanent public access easement approved by the Director may be used instead of title transfer if the proposed easement would implement all preservation and public recreational goals for the site in question, subject to the approval of the City Council. This easement may apply to all or a portion of a single parcel if the portion subject to the easement is at least one acre in size. If a Park/Greenway TDR Sending Site is secured by easement rather than City ownership, the easement must permanently prohibit all development, must preclude any improvements that would impede site use for public purposes, and must specify that all other uses and activities are controlled by the standards of the T2 zone for parcels within this district or the provisions of the AG-1 zoning district for parcels outside this district.

D.

TDR Allocation

1.

Open space TDR sending sites: Upon recordation of an approved conservation easement, the Director must deduct the area of land precluded from development by preexisting easements and issue TDRs to the owners of open space TDR sending sites using the following formula:

a.

One TDR per one full acre of unconstrained land.

b.

Plus one TDR per 4 full acres of constrained land.

c.

Plus one TDR per each full 5 acres of land subtotaled under sentences a and b above in excess of 5 acres.

2.

Park/greenway TDR sending sites: Upon title transfer or recordation of an approved public access easement, the Director must deduct the area of land precluded from development by preexisting easements and issue Transferable Development Rights to the owners of park/greenway TDR sending sites using the following two-step process.

Step One:

Calculate the total number of TDRs produced by sentences a through c below:

a.

One TDR per one full acre of Unconstrained Land.

b.

Plus one TDR per 4 full acres of Constrained Land.

c.

Plus one TDR per each 5 full acres of land subtotaled under sentences a and c above in excess of 5 acres.

Step Two:

Multiply the total from Step One by a factor of 1.25.

3.

Civic Space TDR sending sites: Upon title transfer or recordation of an approved public access easement, the Director must deduct the area of land precluded from development by preexisting easements and issue Transferable Development Rights to the owners of parks/greenways TDR sending sites designated as suitable for civic spaces in an adopted plan or code using the following two-step process.

Step One: Calculate the total number of TDRs produced by sentences a through c below:

a.

One TDR per one full acre of Unconstrained Land.

b.

Plus one TDR per 4 full acres of Constrained Land.

c.

Plus one TDR per each 5 full acres of land subtotaled under sentences a and b above in excess of 5 acres.

Step Two:

Multiply the total from Step One by a factor of 1.5.

E.

TDR Transfers

The Director must establish and administer a process for documenting and monitoring the issuance, transfer, and permanent extinguishment of TDRs when they are used to increase density in a TDR Receiving Site development. TDR Sending Site property owners who are issued TDRs may retain them, transfer them directly to TDR Receiving Site developers or transfer them to intermediaries who may also retain them or transfer them to TDR Receiving Site developers. The City may, but is not obligated to buy, hold, and resell TDRs. The City may also sever TDRs from land that it buys after the effective date of this ordinance for parks and greenways and sell these TDRs for use in TDR receiving site developments. The price paid for TDRs is determined by negotiation between TDR buyers and sellers.

F.

TDR Receiving Sites

TDRs may be transferred to the TDR receiving sites designated by this Article 7A and any additional TDR receiving sites that may subsequently be designated by the City. TDR receiving site owners may build at or below the base densities established by code without any use of TDRs. However, owners who choose to do so may exceed the base densities and achieve the established maximum densities at the transfer ratio set forth in paragraph G below.

G.

TDR Transfer Ratio

Pursuant to this Article 7A, developers of projects on TDR receiving sites may use the TDR to exceed base densities and achieve the maximum code-allowed density at the transfer ratio of two building units per full TDR. Building units must be exchanged for functions as set forth in Sec. 7A.1.6.D.

H.

Unified Sending/Receiving Site

A TDR sending site and a TDR receiving site may occur on a single parcel if the respective portions of the parcel meet all criteria. TDRs from the sending site portion of the parcel must be allocated using the formula provided in Sec. 7A.1.7.D, except TDRs must not be granted open space and greenway dedications that are required as a condition of site development. TDRs from the TDR sending site portion of the parcel may be transferred to the TDR receiving site portion of the parcel, transferred to a separate TDR receiving site or to any combination of on-site and off-site TDR receiving sites.

I.

Compliance Requirements

1.

When the use of TDR results in divisions of land, TDR compliance must occur before final subdivision map approval.

2.

When the use of TDR results in additional density without a division of land, TDR compliance must occur before building permit issuance.

3.

In no event may any component of this TDR program have application to any TDR sending site or TDR receiving site not in the City.

A.

The locations of the following are as shown on the Crabapple Regulating Plan:

1.

Transect Zones.

2.

Existing civic building sites and civic spaces, and sites suitable for new civic spaces.

3.

Thoroughfare network, existing and planned.

4.

Special Districts.

5.

Mandatory private frontages.

6.

Mandatory public frontages along existing Thoroughfares.

B.

The Crabapple Regulating Plan is an exclusive and mandatory regulation that supersedes and replaces the previous zoning classifications. Property owners within the plan area must submit building scale plans under Sec. 7A.4 in accordance with the standards of this Article 7A when necessary to demonstrate conformance.

C.

The owner of a single parcel or multiple abutting parcels in this district may apply for a warrant to adjust the locations of thoroughfares from those shown in the Crabapple Regulating Plan by up to a total of 300 horizontal feet, provided that the interconnected network shown in the Crabapple Regulating Plan is maintained.

D.

The owner of a single parcel or multiple abutting parcels in this district may initiate the preparation of an infill regulating plan in accordance with Sec. 7A.2.2.

A.

Approval of infill regulating plans must follow the procedures for rezoning as set forth in Sec. 12.3 (Amendments).

B.

Infill regulating plans include one or more maps showing the following, in compliance with the standards described in Sec. 7A.2:

1.

Transect Zones.

2.

Density by Transect Zone.

3.

Civic building sites and civic spaces.

4.

Thoroughfare network.

5.

Special requirements, if any.

6.

Designation of a mandatory setback for buildings from any lot line, if any.

7.

Mandatory private frontages, if any.

8.

Required landscape buffers adjacent to Special Districts, if any.

C.

The following elements must not deviate from those established in the Crabapple Regulating Plan:

1.

Mandatory public frontages along existing thoroughfares.

2.

Greenways, although their exact locations may vary provided the connections to adjacent sites shown in the Crabapple Regulating Plan are maintained.

D.

Each infill regulating plan for a site greater than 4 acres in area must dedicate at least 5% of its total area to civic space.

E.

Civic space must be designed as described in Table 4 (see Sec. 7A.5.5) and as allowed in the Transect Zones in accordance with Table 10 section d (see Sec. 7A.5.12). Greenways must not be counted towards this requirement, except where they pass through a civic space meeting the requirements of Table 4 (see Sec. 7A.5.5).

F.

The thoroughfare network for the infill regulating plan must be designed to define blocks as follows:

1.

When both blocks and the thoroughfares that circumscribe them are completely within the infill regulating plan, blocks must not exceed the perimeter size prescribed in Table 10 section b (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

2.

In all other situations not identified in subparagraph 1 above, block perimeter must not exceed an amount equal to one-half the perimeter size prescribed in Table 10 section b (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

3.

The perimeter for all blocks is measured as the sum of lot frontage lines of the Block.

G.

All thoroughfares must terminate at other thoroughfares, forming an interconnected network. Internal thoroughfares must connect wherever possible to those on adjacent sites. Where adjacent sites are nonconforming with regard to the thoroughfare network requirements of this Article 7A, stub-out streets must be provided to provide future connectivity when the adjacent sites are developed or redeveloped. Cul-de-sac and other dead-end streets are allowed only by warrant to accommodate specific site conditions. Stub-out streets 150 feet in length or less must terminate at a curb designed to be removed when the adjacent site is developed, and the street is extended.

A.

Adjacent to a Special District, a T2 Zone, or a single-family residential use not located within this district, the following apply:

1.

For sites 4 acres or less in area, a 50-foot-wide undisturbed buffer or alternative screening design, with a 10-foot improvement setback, must be located adjacent to a Special District, T2 zone, or single-family residential use not located within this district.

2.

For sites greater than 4 acres in area, a 75-foot wide undisturbed buffer or alternative screening design, with a 10-foot improvement setback, must be located adjacent to a Special District, T2 zone, or single-family residential use not located within this district.

3.

To make buffers seem natural, an equal mix of four species must be used, except when alternative screening is used.

4.

When alternative screening design is used, the buffer must provide as much or more year-round visual screening as the otherwise required buffer would. The alternative screening must also be planted as required by the City Arborist.

B.

Modifications to the minimum undisturbed buffer requirements of Sec. 7A.2.3.A.1 and Sec. 7A.2.3.A.2 above may only be granted by variance.

A.

All sites, including those in Special Districts, must incorporate thoroughfares and civic spaces as established in the Crabapple Regulating Plan or an approved infill regulating plan.

B.

Where no approved infill regulating plan exists:

1.

Thoroughfares not shown in the Crabapple Regulating Plan may be permitted, provided that all thoroughfares must terminate at other thoroughfares, forming an interconnected network. Internal thoroughfares must connect wherever possible to those on adjacent sites. Where adjacent sites are non-conforming with regard to the thoroughfare network requirements of this Article 7A, stub-out streets with a maximum length of 150 feet must be provided to provide future connectivity when the adjacent sites are developed or redeveloped. Cul-de-sac and other dead-end streets are allowed only by warrant to accommodate specific site conditions. Stub-out streets 150 feet in length or less must terminate at a curb designed to be removed when the adjacent site is developed, and the street is extended.

2.

Civic spaces not shown in the Crabapple Regulating Plan are permitted.

3.

Sites of more than 4 acres must be designed to define blocks as follow:

a.

When both blocks and the thoroughfares that circumscribe them are completely within the site, blocks must not exceed the perimeter size prescribed in Table 10 section b (see Sec. 7A.5.12). Blocks with a perimeter size exceeding 1,000 feet must provide at least one 8-foot-wide cross block passage.

b.

In all other situations not identified in Sec. 7A.3.1.B.3.a above, block perimeter must not exceed an amount equal to one-half the perimeter size prescribed in Table 10, section b (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

c.

The perimeter for all blocks is as the sum of lot frontage lines of the block.

A.

Thoroughfares are intended for use by vehicular, bicycle, equestrian, and pedestrian traffic and to provide access to lots and civic spaces. Thoroughfares generally consist of vehicular lanes and public frontages. Bicycle facilities and equestrian trails, where provided along a thoroughfare, are also considered part of said thoroughfare.

B.

Thoroughfares and civic spaces must be designed according to their Transect Zones. The public frontages of thoroughfares that pass from one Transect Zone to another must be adjusted so that the newer thoroughfare tapers to meet those of the existing thoroughfare.

C.

Lots must enfront as follows:

1.

Lots occupied by one house or one cottage must enfront a vehicular thoroughfare or a civic space, subject to the additional restrictions in subparagraph 4 below.

2.

All other lots not specified in subparagraph 1 immediately above must only enfront a thoroughfare.

3.

In all locations, when a lot enfronts a civic space, the fire prevention and protection requirements of Chapter 22 of the Code of the City of Milton must be met.

4.

No more than three houses, or three cottages, or any combination of houses and cottages totaling three may enfront a single pocket park or playground in the District at Mayfield.

D.

Standards for new thoroughfares are as follow:

1.

In zones T2, T3, T4, T5, new thoroughfares must conform to Table 3 (see Sec. 7A.5.4).

2.

In Special Districts, new thoroughfares must conform to Table 3 (see Sec. 7A.5.4) or the usual requirements of the City of Milton for areas not regulated by a form-based code.

3.

In all T-Zones and Special Districts, the design of new thoroughfares is subject to approval of the Public Works Director, who may require alternative standards if the public health, safety, and welfare demand.

E.

Rear alleys and rear lanes must be provided where required by Table 10, section c (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

F.

Rear alleys must be paved for their width.

G.

Rear lanes may be paved to driveway standards. Rear lanes must consist of gravel or landscaped edges, and may have no raised curb.

H.

Except for access to or from single family residential lots, gates or barriers controlling vehicular or pedestrian ingress/egress to or from public or private rights-of-way, driveways, or common parking lots are prohibited. A warrant may be requested for residential subdivisions that do not contain inter-parcel access or future inter-parcel access to adjacent existing or future development.

A.

New thoroughfares must include vehicular lanes in a variety of widths for parked and moving vehicles, and may include bicycle lanes. The standards for vehicular lanes are shown in Table 3 (see Sec. 7A.5.4), subject to approval of the Public Works Director, who may require alternative standards if the public health, safety, and welfare demand.

B.

Where on-street parking is permitted in Table 3 (see Sec. 7A.5.4), the pavement width may be reduced at intersections by the addition of sidewalk bulbouts within the parking lane, but the overall right-of-way and public frontage must remain unchanged.

A.

A bicycle and equestrian network consisting of greenways (which may include multi-use trails and equestrian trails) and bicycle lanes must be provided as specified in the Crabapple Regulating Plan and the Milton Trail Plan. The bicycle network must connect to existing or proposed City and regional networks wherever possible. When the Crabapple Regulating Plan and the Milton Trail Plan both identify a facility in the same location, the Public Works Director will determine which is required.

B.

Greenway requirements may be satisfied by providing a minimum 30-foot-wide open space corridor in the approximate location shown on the Crabapple Regulating Plan and granting the City an access easements for future multi-use trails and equestrian trails.

A.

General to zones T2, T3, T4, T5

1.

The public frontage contributes to the character of the Transect Zone and includes sidewalk, curb, planter, and trees. If a greenway is located in what would otherwise be part of the public frontage then it is also considered part of the public frontage.

2.

Public frontages must be designed as shown in Table 2A (see Sec. 7A.5.2) and Table 2B (see Sec. 7A.5.3) and allocated within transect zones as specified in Table 10 section c (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

3.

Retrofit of existing thoroughfares

a.

Retrofit of existing thoroughfares must be accomplished in the public frontage by widening sidewalks, adding trees, adding public lighting, and adding greenways. Retrofit may also include the addition of a slip road.

b.

Where retrofit occurs and there is insufficient right-of-way, the right-of-way must be expanded or a public access easement provided to the City, as mutually agreed upon by the applicant and the City. Where an easement is provided, the frontage line will not be congruent with the right-of-way.

c.

A warrant to this retrofit requirement may be granted where the public frontage includes existing sidewalks of sufficient width and condition to provide pedestrian safety.

4.

Public lighting must be provided as established in Sec. 7A.4.12.B.

5.

Street trees must be provided in the public frontage, subject to the following:

a.

Along State Route 372, street trees must be placed and sized in accordance with the standards established by GDOT.

b.

Along other thoroughfares, street trees must be placed and sized in accordance with the standards established by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.

c.

Street trees must conform to Sec. 11.1.3.E.2 (Road Frontages).

6.

The maintenance of lights and trees is the responsibility of the adjacent property owner or as otherwise provided.

7.

Sidewalks must continue across the entire length of all concrete aprons and must match the appearance of adjacent sidewalk material in color, texture, and design.

B.

Specific to Zones T2, T3

The public frontage must include trees of various species, naturalistically clustered.

C.

Specific to Zones T3, T4, T5

The introduced landscape must consist of durable species tolerant of soil compaction.

D.

Specific to Zone T4

Street trees must be planted in a regularly spaced allee pattern of single or alternated species with shade canopies of a height that, at maturity, clears at least one story.

E.

Specific to Zone T5

Street trees must be planted in a regularly spaced allee pattern of single species with shade canopies of a height that, at maturity, clears at least one story. At retail frontages, the spacing of the trees may be irregular, to avoid visually obscuring the shopfronts.

F.

Specific to Crabapple Road and Birmingham Highway, designated State Route 372

The standards identified for Broadwell Road and Mayfield Road also apply along Crabapple Road and Birmingham Highway, except as otherwise required by GDOT.

G.

Specific to Broadwell Road and Mayfield Road

1.

The requirements of specific Transect Zones and Special Districts notwithstanding, the public frontage must include a sidewalk at least 8 feet wide and a planter at least 8 feet wide. Street trees are required in the planter.

2.

Where approved by the Public Works Director, on-street parallel parking may be provided in lieu of the planter. Where this occurs, a planter at least 7 by 10 feet planted with one street tree must still be provided between every two parking spaces.

3.

See Sec. 7A.3.5.H for additional standards for Mid Broadwell Road.

H.

Specific to Mid Broadwell Road

1.

The requirements of specific Transect Zones and Special Districts notwithstanding, the public frontage standards do not apply to any portion of Mid Broadwell Road that is closed to vehicular traffic.

2.

The public frontage standards along any portion of Mid Broadwell Road that is closed to vehicular traffic must conform to applicable City plans for the area.

A.

General

Civic Zones are designated on the Crabapple Regulating Plan, on an infill regulating plan, or on a site subject to Sec. 7A.3.6.B.1 as civic building sites or civic spaces.

B.

Civic Spaces

1.

Sites of more than 4 acres and not located within an infill regulating plan must dedicate at least 5% of their total area to civic space.

2.

Civic spaces must be designed as described in Table 4 (see Sec. 7A.5.5) and must be accessible to the public during normal City hours or longer each day.

3.

Each civic space must have at least 50% of its perimeter enfronting one or more thoroughfare, except as otherwise stated below:

a.

A playground or pocket park must have at least 25% of its perimeter enfronting one or more thoroughfares.

b.

A park must have at least 100 feet of its perimeter enfronting one thoroughfare.

4.

Each civic space must be at least 60 feet in width and length, except for parks.

5.

The following areas must not be used to satisfy civic space requirements:

a.

Greenways, except where they pass through a civic space meeting the requirements of Table 4 (see Sec. 7A.5.5).

b.

Undisturbed natural vegetative buffers along streams as required by Sec. 11.5.

c.

Retention and detention areas used for permanent or occasional water storage.

6.

Sites identified as suitable for civic spaces on the Crabapple Regulating Plan are not mandatory and are identified for TDR purposes only, as established in Sec. 7A.1.7.

A.

Common mail facilities for delivery of US mail must be installed in every new development that includes a residential use, subject to approval by the US Postal Service.

B.

Common mail facilities must be covered, must include a trash receptacle, and must have two dedicated parking spaces.

A.

Lots and buildings are subject to the requirements of this Sec. 7A.4.

B.

Building and site plans must show compliance with the following standards described in this Article 7A:

1.

For preliminary site and building approval:

a.

Building placement.

b.

Building form.

c.

Building function.

d.

Public frontages.

2.

For final approval, in addition to the above:

a.

Landscaping.

b.

Signage.

c.

Special requirements, if any.

d.

Architecture.

C.

Special Districts are governed by standards approved by the City Council at the time of their designation as Special Districts, which standards may be specifically prepared for the particular Special District or may be the same standards as described elsewhere in this Article 7A if specifically identified by the City Council as being applied to the Special District, except as otherwise specifically identified in Sec. 7A.3.

D.

Civic building sites are not subject to the requirements of this Article 7A. The particulars of their design are determined by warrant. Buildings housing civic functions that do not meet the definition of a civic building are subject to the requirements of this Article 7A.

A.

Nonconformities must comply with Sec. 2.2.2, except as indicated to the contrary below.

B.

A property existing at the date of adoption of this Article 7A or any amendments thereto that does not conform to the provisions of this Article 7A or any subsequent amendment may continue in use as they are until a substantial modification is requested, at which time the provisions of this Article 7A will apply.

C.

Lots existing at the time of adoption of this Article 7A are not considered non-conforming with regard to width.

D.

The modification of existing buildings is permitted by right if such changes result in greater conformance with the specifications of this Article 7A.

A.

To the extent that the Crabapple Regulating Plan or an infill regulating plan designates any of the following special requirements, these standards apply to said requirements:

1.

A mandatory retail frontage designation requires that a building provide a shopfront at sidewalk level along the entire length of its private frontage. The shopfront must be at least 70% glazed in clear glass and shaded by an awning overlapping the sidewalk as illustrated in Table 7 (see Sec. 7A.5.8). The first story must be confined to retail or office use through the depth of the second layer.

2.

A mandatory gallery frontage designation requires that a building provide a permanent cover over the sidewalk, either cantilevered or supported by columns (as generally illustrated in Table 7 in Sec. 7A.5.8). A gallery frontage may be combined with a retail frontage.

3.

A coordinated frontage designation requires that the public frontage (Tables 2A in Sec. 7A.5.2 and 2B in Sec. 7A.5.3) and private frontage (Table 7 in Sec. 7A.5.8) be coordinated as a single, coherent landscape and paving design.

4.

A cross block passage designation requires that a minimum 8-foot-wide pedestrian access be reserved between buildings.

A.

Specific to Zones T2, T3, T4, T5

1.

Newly platted lots must be dimensioned according to Table 10, section e (see Sec. 7A.5.12) except as otherwise approved by warrant.

2.

Building placement types must be as shown in Table 6 (see Sec. 7A.5.7) and Table 10, section h (see Sec. 7A.5.12) except within the District at Mayfield or as otherwise approved by warrant.

3.

Buildings must be placed in relation to the boundaries of their lots according to Table 10 (see Sec. 7A.5.12) and Table 12 (see Sec. 7A.5.16) except within the District at Mayfield or as otherwise approved by warrant.

4.

Only one principal building at the frontage, and only one outbuilding to the rear of the principal building may be built on each Lot as shown in Table 12 except within the District at Mayfield or as otherwise approved by warrant or as specified under Sec. 7A.4.4.D within the District at Mayfield.

5.

Lot coverage by building must not exceed that recorded in Table 10 section e (see Sec. 7A.5.12) except as otherwise approved by warrant.

6.

Facades must parallel to a rectilinear principal frontage line or to the tangent of a curved principal frontage line, and along a minimum percentage of the frontage width at the setback, as specified as frontage buildout on Table 10 section f (see Sec. 7A.5.12) except within the District at Mayfield or as otherwise approved by warrant.

7.

Setbacks for principal buildings are as shown in Table 10 section f (see Sec. 7A.5.12), except within the District at Mayfield as otherwise approved by warrant.

8.

Rear setbacks for outbuildings must be at least 12 feet, measured from the centerline of a rear alley or rear lane easement. In the absence of rear alley or rear lane, the rear setback areas shown in Table 10 (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

9.

To accommodate slopes over 10%, relief from front setback requirements of Table 10 (see Sec. 7A.5.12) is available by warrant.

10.

To accommodate the preservation of specimen trees as established in the tree preservation ordinance, relief from all setbacks, lot widths, and lot coverage is available by warrant.

B.

Specific to Zone T3

Where use of a lesser setback is permitted for projects utilizing TDR, the amount of TDR utilized within the T3 zone will equal at least one building unit per gross acre multiplied by the area of said T3 zone.

C.

Specific to Zones T4 Open, T5

The principal entrance must be on a frontage line except within the District at Mayfield.

D.

Specific to the District at Mayfield

1.

Only edgeyard and sideyard building placements are allowed.

2.

Facades must be built parallel to a rectilinear principal frontage line, or to the tangent of a curved principal frontage line, or parallel to the edge of a civic space and along a minimum percentage of the frontage width at the setback, as specified as frontage buildout on Table 10 section f (see Sec. 7A.5.12), except as provided for in subparagraph 4 below.

3.

The front setback for principal buildings must be 5 feet minimum and 30 feet maximum, except as provided for in subparagraph 4 immediately below.

4.

When a lot includes one existing principal building placed along the principal frontage line, then one additional principal building that does not enfront a principal frontage line or civic space is allowed on the lot. This additional principal building's facade may have any orientation, has no Front setback requirements, and has no frontage buildout requirements.

A.

General to Zones T2, T3, T4, T5

1.

Buildings must consist of simple rectangular forms. There must be one primary volume with optional secondary volumes. Secondary volumes must abut the primary volume. The roof form of the primary volume must clearly dominate. Secondary roof forms may never dominate the composition, and must not be taller than the primary, excluding masts, belfries, clock towers, chimney flues, water tanks, or elevator bulkheads.

2.

The maximum building sizes are as follows:

a.

The maximum building footprint is 18,000 square feet and the maximum overall building size is 36,000 square feet of floor area.

b.

A group of two or more buildings that share at least one common wall are considered as one building.

3.

The private frontage of buildings must conform to Table 7 (see Sec. 7A.5.8) and Table 10 (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

4.

Buildings on corner Lots have two private frontages as shown in Table 12 (see Sec. 7A.5.16). Prescriptions for the second and third layers pertain only to the principal frontage. Prescriptions for the first layer pertain to both frontages.

5.

Building heights must conform to Table 5 (see Sec. 7A.5.6), except within the District at Mayfield, where Sec. 7A.4.5.A.12 below applies.

6.

Stories must not exceed 14 feet in height from finished floor to finished ceiling, except for a first story commercial or civic function, which must be a minimum of 11 feet with a maximum of 25 feet. A single story exceeding 14 feet, or 25 feet for the first story, counts as two stories. Mezzanines extending beyond 33% of the floor area count as an additional story.

7.

A first story residential function must not be raised more than 6 feet above the average sidewalk grade unless a greater height is approved by warrant.

8.

In a parking structure or garage, each above-ground level counts as a single story regardless of its relationship to habitable stories.

9.

Maximum building height must be determined as follows:

a.

In all areas, except the District at Mayfield, building height limits do not apply to attics, above-ground portions of basements, masts, belfries, clock towers, chimney flues, water tanks, or elevator bulkheads. Attics must not exceed 14 feet in height.

b.

In the District at Mayfield, building height limits apply to above-ground portions of basements, but do not apply to attics, masts, belfries, clock towers, chimney flues, water tanks, or elevator bulkheads. Attics must not exceed 14 feet in height.

c.

As used in this Article 7A, a basement is deemed to be above-ground when it has any exterior wall or portion thereof that is exposed for more than 5 feet above finished grade.

10.

The habitable area of an accessory unit within a principal building or an outbuilding must not exceed 440 square feet of floor area, excluding the parking area.

11.

The maximum number of attached townhouse units in a building is eight.

12.

Within the District at Mayfield, buildings must not exceed the following heights:

a.

Max. 28 ft. comprised of up to two stories plus an internally-accessible-only habitable attic.

b.

As specified in Sec. 7A.4.5.A.9 above-ground portions of basements are considered a story and count toward the maximum building height in both feet and number of stories.

c.

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, upon application for and receipt of a warrant by the Director, a building containing civic or commercial function may have a basement in addition to up to two stories, provided that such basement must not be above ground along the frontage where the principal entrance to the building is located, such building must not include an attic, and the maximum exposed height of the basement at any point must not exceed 14 feet.

B.

Specific to Zone T3

1.

No portion of the private frontage may encroach the sidewalk.

2.

Open porches may encroach the first layer for 50% of the layer's depth.

3.

Balconies and bay windows may encroach the first layer for 25% of the layer's depth, except that balconies on porch roofs are subject to the same standards as the porch.

C.

Specific to Zone T4

Balconies, open porches, and bay windows may encroach the first layer for 50% of the layer's depth.

D.

Specific to Zone T5

1.

Except where prohibited, awnings and galleries may encroach the sidewalk to within 2 feet of the curb but must clear the sidewalk vertically by at least 8 feet.

2.

Stoops, lightwells, balconies, bay windows, and terraces may encroach the first layer for 100% of the layer's depth.

3.

In the absence of a building façade along any part of a frontage line, a streetscreen must be built coplanar with the facade.

4.

Streetscreens must be between 3.5 and 8 feet in height. The streetscreen may be replaced by a hedge or fence by warrant. Streetscreens may have openings no larger than necessary to allow automobile and pedestrian access.

5.

A first story residential or lodging function must be raised at least 2 feet from average sidewalk grade unless a lesser height is approved by warrant to allow wheelchair access.

6.

Along Crabapple Road, Broadwell Road, Birmingham Highway, and Mayfield Road shopfronts are required on the first story and corner buildings must be chamfered.

E.

Galleries are prohibited along Crabapple Road, Broadwell Road, Birmingham Highway, and Mayfield Road.

A.

General to All Zones T2, T3, T4, T5

1.

Structures and parcels in each Transect Zone must conform to the functions and uses shown on Table 8A (see Sec. 7A.5.9), Table 9 (see Sec. 7A.5.11) and Table 10 (see Sec. 7A.5.12). See Article 8 for use definitions.

2.

A structure or parcel may contain more than one permitted or accessory use.

B.

Specific to zones T2, T3

Accessory functions of restricted lodging or restricted office are permitted within an accessory building. See Table 8A in Sec. 7A.5.9.

C.

Specific to Zone T4-Restricted, but Not T4 or T4-Open

Lodging, office, and retail functions are prohibited.

D.

Specific to Zone T4-Open

The function standards of T5 apply. See Table 8A in Sec. 7A.5.9.

E.

Specific to Zones T4, T4-Open, T5, But Not T4-Restricted

Accessory functions of limited lodging or restricted office are permitted within an accessory building. See Table 8A in Sec. 7A.5.9.

A.

Fences, walls, and hedges are subject to the following:

1.

Where permitted within the first layer, fences, walls, and hedges must not exceed 42 inches in height. Retaining walls are excluded from this requirement.

2.

In all other locations, fences and walls must not exceed 5 feet in height and must be at maximum of 50% opaque above 42 inches in height. This requirement does not apply to fences and walls screening refuse areas.

3.

Allowed fencing material are three or four board wooden fencing with wood posts in the first layer.

4.

Opaque fences are prohibited in the first layer.

5.

Chain-link fencing is prohibited from public view. All chain-link fence must be black vinyl clad.

6.

Retaining wall must conform to Sec. 9.3.7 (Retaining Walls).

B.

Loading docks and service areas must be screened from view of any thoroughfare of civic space by either:

1.

A minimum 6-foot-high opaque fence matching the material of the building; or

2.

A 15-foot-wide landscape strip planted with a continuous hedge of evergreen shrubs. Shrubs must be moderately growing, at least 42 inches high at time of planting, and reaching at least 6 feet high within two years of planting.

C.

Refuse areas must conform to Sec. 2.3.5 (Refuse Collection Areas). The door enclosing the area must be made from wood or a material that has the appearance of wood.

D.

Mechanical features such as HVAC condensers, electrical transformers, heat pumps, and similar features must not be placed in the first layer and must be screened from view of any thoroughfare, civic space, or any property zoned, used, or developed for residential functions, by one of the following means:

1.

Placement behind the building; or

2.

100% opaque fencing which must be constructed of the same type of exterior material used for the principal building; or

3.

By a berm or vegetative screening. The screening must consist of evergreen shrubs at least 42 inches high at time of planting and reaching at least 6 feet high within two years of planting.

Stormwater management facilities must comply with Sec. 10.2.4.C (Detention/Retention Design).

(Ord. No. 25-06-581, § 1(Exh. A), 6-2-2025)

A.

Off-street parking for all transect zones is required at a ratio of 3.5 parking spaces per 1,000 square feet of floor area, except as follows:

1.

Parking for single-family dwellings is required as specified in Table 9.1.2.B Vehicle Parking Requirements.

2.

Parking for lodging uses is required as specified in Table 9.1.2.B Vehicle Parking Requirements.

B.

Off-street loading for all other uses must be provided in accordance with Sec. 9.1.7 (Off-Street Loading).

C.

Subject to the approval of the Director by warrant, off-street parking as required by Sec. 7A.4.9.A may be reduced up to 10%. Shared parking among uses is permitted Sec. 9.1.3.A (Shared Parking).

D.

On-street parking along the parking lane corresponding to the lot frontage may be used to satisfy the parking requirements for residential functions.

E.

All office, lodging, retail, civic, and education functions, and multifamily buildings must provide at least one bicycle rack to accommodate at least one bicycle space for every ten vehicular parking spaces. Said rack(s) must be within the public or private frontage.

F.

Off-Site Parking

1.

Off-site parking is allowed anywhere within the District at Mayfield with written authorization from the owner of the property upon which the off-site parking will be located.

2.

Off-site parking in any other location must conform with Sec. 9.1.3.B (Off-Site Parking).

3.

No parking used for off-site parking may be used to satisfy the requirement of multiple on- or off-site functions without approval of shared parking per Sec. 9.1.3.A (Shared Parking).

A.

General to Zones T2, T3, T4, T5

1.

Parking must be accessed by rear alleys or rear lanes, when available or required.

2.

Open parking areas must be screened from the public frontage by a building or streetscreen.

B.

Specific to Zones T2, T3

1.

Open parking areas must be located at the second and third layers, except that driveways, drop-offs and unpaved parking areas may be located at the first layer.

2.

Garages must be located at the third layer except that side- or rear-entry garages may be allowed in the first or second layer by warrant.

C.

Specific to Zones T3, T4

Driveways at frontages may be no wider than 10 feet in the first layer.

D.

Specific to Zone T4

All parking areas and garages must be located at the second or third layer.

E.

Specific to Zones T4-Open, T5

1.

All parking lots, garages, and parking structures must be located at the second or third layer.

2.

Vehicular entrances to parking lots, garages, drive-throughs, and parking structures must be no wider than 12 feet for one-way access and 24 feet for two-way access at the frontage, unless wider is approved by warrant to comply with the fire prevention and protection requirements of Chapter 22 of the code of the City of Milton.

3.

Pedestrian exits from all parking lots, garages, and parking structures must be directly to a frontage line (i.e., not directly into a building) except underground levels which may exit directly into a building.

4.

Parking structures must have liner buildings lining all stories.

A.

General to Zones T2, T3, T4, T5

1.

Impermeable surface must be confined to the ratio of lot coverage specified in Table 10 section e (see Sec. 7A.5.12).

2.

Walkways must be surfaced in decorative pavers, concrete, brick, stone, or decorative gravel that is contained and on a compacted base.

3.

Thick flagstone stepping-stones are permitted.

4.

Concrete must be broken up with banding a maximum of 20 inches apart. Banding must be achieved using contrasting materials or texture.

5.

Stamped concrete is prohibited.

B.

Specific to Zones T2, T3, T4

The first layer must be landscaped with live grass, trees, shrubs, hedges and other landscaping materials approved by the City Arborist and must not be paved, except for driveways as specified in Sec. 7A.4.10.B and Sec. 7A.4.10.C.

C.

Specific to Zone T3

1.

At least two trees approved by the City Arborist must be planted within the first layer for each 30 feet of frontage line or portion thereof.

2.

Trees must be naturalistically clustered.

D.

Specific to Zone T4

1.

At least one tree approved by the City Arborist must be planted within the first layer for each 30 feet of frontage line or portion thereof.

2.

Trees must be a single species to match the species of street trees on the public frontage.

E.

Specific to Zone T5

1.

Trees are not required in the first layer.

2.

The first layer may be paved to match the pavement of the public frontage.

F.

Invasive Species

The following species must not be planted:

A.

Parking lot lighting must meet the following:

1.

Light posts must not exceed 20 feet high from finished grade.

2.

Light posts must have curved arms to focus light downward. Up to two arms are permitted per post.

3.

Light fixtures must have the light cut off below 90 degrees and the beam must be cut off at 75 degrees.

4.

Post arm style must be Shepherd's Crook.

B.

Public pedestrian lighting must meet the following standards:

1.

Poles must be the Georgia Power "Washington" type or similar types as approved by the Director.

2.

Fixtures must be the Georgia Power "Granville" type or similar types as approved by the Director.

C.

Shoe box and cobra style lights are prohibited.

D.

Light housings and posts must be a dark color/material and be nonreflective.

E.

Sodium vapor, exterior neon, and colored lights are prohibited.

F.

Only fluorescent, metal halide, shrouded spots, and walkway lights are allowed.

G.

Exterior area illumination must not exceed an average of 2 foot-candles of light.

H.

Light trespass (spill light) onto an adjacent zone T2, T3, T4, T4-Restricted, special district, or civic space property line must not exceed 0.1 foot-candle vertical at 3 feet above grade.

I.

Building exterior light fixtures must meet the following standards:

1.

Building-mounted lighting fixtures must have a 45-degree light cutoff.

2.

Light fixtures must match the style of architecture or must be inconspicuous in nature.

3.

Outbuildings must have at least one one-photocell fixture on their rear alley elevation.

4.

Each enfronting residential unit must have two sconces or two 4-inch diameter recessed can lights (Clear Alzak or slotted opening) with a maximum 40-watt incandescent bulb or 450 lumens equivalent.

A.

The storage of goods or sale of goods in parking lots and other areas outside of the interior or permanently sheltered portions of a building is prohibited, except as expressly permitted in Article 8.

B.

The sale of goods displayed under sheltered portions of a building must be brought inside the building before the closing of the business.

A.

Drive-through service canopies must be pitched at an angle and use materials matching the roof of the principal building.

B.

Drive-through facilities and all associated vehicular queuing must be behind the principal building, if feasible, but may be to its side if not feasible.

C.

Vehicular access to a drive-through must be from the interior of a lot or from a rear alley to avoid disrupting pedestrian traffic unless otherwise approved by warrant for lots whose size, shape, or topography render this requirement infeasible. If a separate driveway is approved by warrant, its width must meet Sec. 7A.4.10.E.2.

A.

Gasoline station canopies and pumps:

1.

Must be to the side or rear of the principal building.

2.

Must be at least 50 feet from any interior side or rear property line that adjoins a residential function.

3.

Must be buffered from adjoining residential functions with a streetscreen.

B.

A conforming principal building is required and must be at 1,600 square feet in floor area.

C.

Lighting must be shielded to direct light and glare only onto the lot or parcel where the gas/fueling station is located and must meet Sec. 7A.4.12.I.

A.

Signs must conform to Sec. 9.2 of this UDC.

B.

The provisions of Sec. 9.2.5.C to the contrary notwithstanding, no freestanding sign may be located within the first layer in zone T5 unless approved by variance. Sandwich boards are exempt from this restriction.

A.

The following architectural standards apply to all buildings unless otherwise approved by warrant by the Director after consultation with the City Architect. Warrants must be based on consideration of the proposal and its compliance with the purpose and intent of this Article 7A.

B.

The following apply to all buildings, except single-family detached residential:

1.

Buildings must be designed in one of the following styles as defined in Sec. 7A.6 of this Article 7A:

a.

Vernacular.

b.

Greek Revival.

c.

Italianate.

d.

Gothic.

e.

Queen Anne.

f.

Colonial Revival.

g.

Adams/Federal.

2.

When a permitted style is applied to a building with a relatively simple, rectangular or box form, the style may be achieved through the addition of key elements of the style to the building facade. This may include architectural details, cornice treatments, roof shapes, window designs, and similar features.

C.

Single-family residential buildings must be designed in one of the styles set forth in paragraph B above by-right, or in a simplified interpretation thereof by warrant. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sec. 7A.1.5.C, in considering whether to approve a warrant with respect to architectural standards for single-family residential buildings, the Director must consider whether the building design, while not strictly in accordance with the style requirements, meets the intent set forth in Sec. 7A.1.1 and will not adversely affect adjacent properties or the public health, safety, and welfare.

D.

Buildings with a shopfront or gallery private frontage may utilize one of the styles identified in paragraph B above wherein conformance is achieved using stylistic architectural details.

E.

Except within a designated historic district, compliance with paragraphs B and C above must be as determined by the Director following comment from the City Architect or Design Review Board, as applicable.

F.

Exterior Walls

1.

Technical and aesthetic requirements

a.

Wall finishes on sides of individual buildings seen from a public road must be the same on all visible sides; architecturally significant portions must conform; appendages or secondary wings may assume a differing finish according to visibility and architectural merit.

b.

Wood shingles must be level at the bottom edge. Corners must be mitered. Decorative novelty shapes are prohibited.

c.

Trim must be consistent on all sides of the building; the primary building mass or the facade may be further embellished or enhanced.

d.

Service wings may be expressed in a more simplistic manner but must exhibit clear design intent.

2.

Materials

a.

No more than three different exterior materials, exterior colors, or any combination thereof may be used on a single building, not including windows, doors, porches, balconies, foundations, and architectural details.

b.

Materials may be combined on exterior walls only horizontally, with the heavier below the lighter.

c.

Exterior materials are limited to brick, natural stone, clapboard, board and batten, hard-coat stucco, or wood shingles.

d.

Vinyl or aluminum siding, and synthetic stone veneer are prohibited.

e.

Stone, brick, and mortar color and style must match the building style.

f.

Hard-coat stucco must be a 3-coat plaster finish, integral finish, applied on brick or concrete block; control joints must be concealed where possible.

g.

Clapboards and board and battens must be wood or cementitious board. Hardie board (or equivalent) must have a 4-inch maximum exposure, while Artisan series Hardie board (or equivalent) or full three-quarter inch wood siding may have up to an 8-inch lap. False wood graining is prohibited.

h.

Wood shingles must be level at the bottom edge.

G.

Roofs

1.

Technical and aesthetic requirements

a.

The roof slope on a single mass must be the same on all sides, except for cat-slides and sheds.

b.

Roof slopes must match the building style.

c.

Vents and stacks must be painted to match the roof material and hidden from view to the extent possible.

d.

Overhangs that shed water within 5 feet of an adjacent lot must be guttered or piped and diverted away from adjacent lots.

2.

Materials

a.

Materials must be wood shingles, wood shakes, standing-seam paint grip galvanized metal, slate or asphalt shingles (architectural weathered, wood, or classic green or red), or concrete simulated slate or wood shingles.

b.

Gutters may be ogee or half-round with round downspouts, metal-lined wood, or architecturally formed or molded. Gutter finishes may be copper, unpainted galvanized metal, or color to resemble galvanized metal.

c.

Wood shingles must not drain onto metal roofs.

H.

Foundations

1.

Foundations may be finished with smooth stucco, brick, or stone.

2.

Front porches of wood must be supported on masonry piers finished in smooth stucco, masonry, brick, or stone. Piers must be at least 18 inches wide and at least 8 inches deep.

I.

Windows

1.

Technical and aesthetic requirements

a.

Windows and casings must match the building style.

b.

Windows must not be omitted on elevations.

c.

Windowsills must be at least 1.5 inches deep.

d.

Ganged windows and bays must have a continuous sill and at least 4-inch mullions.

e.

Grills between glass, reflective glazing, and pop-in grills are prohibited.

f.

Windows must be true divided lite or simulated divided lite.

2.

Materials

a.

Window sashes are required and must have a face width of at least 2 inches; the distance from the glass surface to the sash and muntin face must be at least 0.75 inch.

b.

Non-glass exterior window components must be faced in wood, clad wood, or polymer materials, and said materials must be paint grade or pre-finished.

J.

Doors and windows that operate as sliders are prohibited along frontages.

K.

Doors

1.

Technical and aesthetic requirements

a.

Doors and casings must match the building style.

b.

Exterior front doors or doors visible from a public way must stained or painted hardwood.

2.

Materials

a.

Plastic laminated, stamped metal, and leaded/beveled glass doors are prohibited. Tropical hardwoods are prohibited unless Forest Stewardship Council certified.

b.

Exterior doors must be a durable, stable wood or clad in wood. Heart of pine, wormy chestnut, walnut, cypress, pecan, are acceptable varieties.

c.

Garage doors must be wood, composite, or metal. Faux strap hinges, embellishments, standard paneled doors, and arched glass panels are prohibited.

L.

Shutters

1.

Shutter design must match the building style.

2.

Shutters must be solid-core polymers or durable hardwoods.

3.

Vinyl, nail-on, false wood graining, and pre-finished shutters are prohibited.

4.

Shutters must be authentic, fully operable, and capable of totally closing over the window sash. Plank or louver shutters are acceptable. Shutters must be at least 1.25 inches thick.

5.

Shutters must occur in pairs, except that windows narrower than 3 feet may utilize a single shutter.

M.

Crawl space vents must match the building style.

N.

Chimneys

1.

Chimneys must be proportioned, tapered, and must match the building style.

2.

Stacks must be faced in smooth integral finish stucco, brick, stone, or detailed as exposed metal flues.

3.

Siding or stucco board is prohibited as a finish material for chimneys.

O.

Porches and Balconies

1.

Technical and aesthetic requirements

a.

Columns must match building style.

b.

Classical columns must be architecturally correct.

c.

Railings must be simple pickets or fretwork centered on rails.

2.

Materials

a.

Porch floors must be wooden, brick, or stone, and must rest on masonry piers finished in brick, stone, or smooth stucco.

b.

Porch ceilings must be beaded nominal 1- by 4-inch or 1- by 6-inch, flush boards, tongue and groove boards, or exterior gypsum board with decorative nominal 1- by 4-inch or 1- by 6-inch shallow coffers or strips.

c.

Plywood ceilings, with or without beads, are prohibited.

d.

Areas between porch piers, if open, must be in-filled with custom wood lattice, wood louvers, brick lattice, or wire mesh planted with vines, and must match the building style. The opening is not required to be in-filled if the distance from grade to bottom of floor structure is less than one foot.

e.

Columns must be wood, resin material, or masonry.

f.

Sheet metal and foam columns are prohibited.

g.

Railing systems must be painted wood, iron, or masonry.

h.

Synthetic and prefabricated railing systems are prohibited.

i.

Plain, round tapered, fretwork, and straight pickets are permitted.

j.

Precast classical balusters and ornate spindle work are prohibited.

P.

Trim

1.

Trim must match the building style

a.

Trim must be consistent on all sides of building masses, with emphasis on the primary building mass and facade.

b.

Trim for wings not along a Frontage may be simplified to match the building style.

2.

Materials

a.

Trim must be of wooden or synthetic planks thick enough to conceal the edge of the siding. When used on buildings clad in horizontal siding, corner boards, casings, frieze boards, and similar architectural details must be at least 1.25 inches thick.

b.

Pressure treated trim is prohibited.

c.

Trim must be dressed.

This table provides descriptions of the character of each Transect Zone.

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	T-2 RURAL T-2 rural zone consists of sparsely settled lands in open or cultivated states. These include woodland, agricultural land, grassland, and irrigable desert. Typical buildings are farmhouses, agricultural buildings, and cabins.	General Character:	Primarily agricultural with woodland & wetland and scattered buildings
		Building Placement:	Variance setbacks
		Frontage Types:	Not applicable
		Typical Building Height:	1- to 2-Story with some 3-story
		Type of Civic Space:	Parks, greenways
	T-3 SUB-URBAN T-3 sub-urban zone consists of low density residential areas adjacent to higher zones that have some mixed use. Home occupations and outbuildings are allowed. Planting is naturalistic and setbacks are relatively deep. Blocks may be large and the roads irregular to accommodate natural conditions.	General Character:	Lawns and landscaped yards surrounding single-family dwellings; pedestrians occasionally
		Building Placement:	Large and variable front and side yard setbacks
		Frontage Types:	Porches, fences, naturalistic tree planting
		Typical Building Height:	1- to 2-Story with some 3-story
		Type of Civic Space:	Parks, greenways
	T-4 GENERAL URBAN T-4 general urban zone consists of mixed uses including residential, office, and commercial. Residential may have a wide range of building types: single, sideyard, and rowhouses. Setbacks and landscaping are variable. Streets with curbs and sidewalks define medium-sized blocks.	General Character:	Mix of houses and townhouses with commercial and office activity; balance between landscape and buildings; presence of pedestrians
		Building Placement:	Shallow to medium front and side yard setbacks
		Frontage Types:	Porches, fences, dooryards
		Typical Building Height:	1- to 3-story
		Type of Civic Space:	Squares, greens
	T-5 URBAN CENTER T-5 urban center zone consists of higher density mixed use building that accommodate retail, offices, townhouses, and multifamily. It has a tight network of streets, with wide sidewalks, steady street tree planting and buildings set close to the sidewalks.	General Character:	Shops mixed with townhouse, multifamily, offices, work place, and civic buildings; predominantly attached buildings; trees within the public right-of-way; substantial pedestrian activity
		Building Placement:	Shallow setbacks or none; buildings oriented to street defining a street wall
		Frontage Types:	Stoops, dooryards, forecourts, shopfronts, and galleries
		Typical Building Height:	1- to 3-story
		Type of Civic Space:	Parks, plazas and squares, median landscaping

 

The public frontage is the area between the private lot line and the edge of the vehicular lanes. Dimensions are given in Table 2B and Table 3.

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a. (HW) For Highway: This frontage has open swales drained by percolation, bicycle trails and no parking. The landscaping consists of the natural condition or multiple species arrayed in naturalistic clusters. Buildings are buffered by distance or berms.
b. (RD) For Road: This frontage has open swales drained by percolation and a walking path or bicycle trail along one or both sides and yield parking. The landscaping consists of multiple species arrayed in naturalistic clusters.
c. (ST) For Street: This frontage has raised curbs drained by inlets and sidewalks separated from the vehicular lanes by individual or continuous planters, with parking on one or both sides. The landscaping consists of street trees of a single or alternating species aligned in a regularly spaced allee.
d. (DR) For Drive: This frontage has raised curbs drained by inlets and a wide sidewalk or paved path along one side, related to a greenway or waterfront. It is separated from the vehicular lanes by individual or continuous planters. The landscaping consists of street trees of a single species or alternating species aligned in a regularly spaced allee.
e. (AV) For Avenue: This frontage has raised curbs drained by inlets and wide sidewalks separated from the vehicular lanes by a narrow continuous planter with parking on both sides. The landscaping consists of a single tree species aligned in a regularly spaced allee.
f. (CS) For Commercial Street: This frontage has raised curbs drained by inlets and very wide sidewalks along both sides separated from the vehicular lanes by separate tree wells with grates and parking on both sides. The landscaping consists of a single tree species aligned with regular spacing where possible but clears the storefront entrances.
g. (BV) For Boulevard: This frontage has slip roads on both sides. It consists of raised curbs drained by inlets and sidewalks along both sides, separated from the vehicular lanes by planters. The landscaping consists of double rows of a single tree species aligned in a regularly spaced allee.

 

This table assembles prescriptions and dimensions for the public frontage elements - curbs, walkways and planters - relative to specific thoroughfare types within Transect Zones.

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TRANSECT ZONE Public Frontage Type	HW & RD	RD & ST	ST-DR-AV	ST-DR- AV-BV	CS-DR- AV-BV	CS-DR- AV-BV
a. Assembly: The principal variables are the type and dimension of curbs, walkways, planters and landscape.
Total Width	16—24 feet	12—24 feet	12—18 feet	12—18 feet	18—24 feet	18—30 feet
b. Curb: The detailing of the edge of the vehicular pavement incorporating drainage.
Type	Open Swale	Open Swale	Raised Curb	Raised Curb	Raised Curb	Raised Curb
Radius	10—30 feet	10—30 feet	5—20 feet	5—20 feet	5—20 feet	5—20 feet
c. Walkway: The hard surface dedicated exclusively to pedestrian activity.
Type	Path Optional	Path	Sidewalk	Sidewalk	Sidewalk	Sidewalk
Width	n/a	4—8 feet	4—8 feet	4—8 feet	12—20 feet	12—30 feet
d. Planter: The layer which accommodates street trees and other landscape materials.
Arrangement	Clustered	Clustered	Regular	Regular	Regular	Opportunistic
Species	Clustered	Clustered	Alternating	Single	Single	Single
Planter Type	Continuous Swale	Continuous Swale	Continuous Planter	Continuous Planter	Continuous Planter	Tree Well
Planter Width	8 feet—16 feet	8 feet—16 feet	8 feet—12 feet	8 feet—12 feet	4 feet—6 feet	4 feet—6 feet

 

New thoroughfares must comply with this table. The key gives the thoroughfare type followed by the right-of-way width, followed by the pavement width, and in some instances followed by specialized transportation capability. Variations may only be approved by the Public Works Director if the public health, safety, and welfare demand.

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THOROUGHFARE TYPES
Highway	HW
Boulevard	BV
Avenue	AV
Commercial Street	CS
Drive	DR
Street	ST
Road	RD
Rear Alley	RA
Rear Lane	RL
Multi-Use Trail	MT
Equestrian Trail	ET
Bicycle Lane	BL
Bicycle Route	BR
Path	PT
Passage	PS
		RL-24-12	RA-24-24
Thoroughfare Type		Rear Lane	Rear Alley
Transect Zone Assignment		T2, T3, T4	T3, T4, T5
Right-of-Way Width		24 feet	24 feet
Pavement Width		12 feet	24 feet
Movement		Yield Movement	Slow Movement
Design Speed		10 MPH	10 MPH
Pedestrian Crossing Time		3.5 seconds	7 seconds
Traffic Lanes		n/a	n/a
Parking Lanes		None	None
Curb Radius		Taper	Taper
Walkway Type		None	None
Planter Type		None	None
Curb type		Inverted crown	Inverted crown
Landscape Type		None	None

 

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THOROUGHFARE TYPES
Highway	HW
Boulevard	BV
Avenue	AV
Commercial Street	CS
Drive	DR
Street	ST
Road	RD
Rear Alley	RA
Rear Lane	RL
Multi-Use Trail	MT
Equestrian Trail	ET
Bicycle Lane	BL
Bicycle Route	BR
Path	PT
Passage	PS
		ST-50-281	ST-60-361
Thoroughfare Type		Street	Street
Transect Zone Assignment		T3, T4, T5, T6	T3, T4, T5, T6
Right-of-Way Width		50 feet	60 feet
Pavement Width		28 feet	36 feet
Movement		Slow Movement	Free Movement
Design Speed		25 MPH	25 MPH
Pedestrian Crossing Time		8 seconds	10.3 seconds
Traffic Lanes		2 lanes	2 lanes
Parking Lanes		One side @ 8 feet unmarked, bulbouts permitted	Both sides @ 8 feet unmarked
Curb Radius		15 feet	10 feet
Walkway Type		5 foot Sidewalk on both sides	5 foot Sidewalk on both sides
Planter Type		6 foot continuous Planter on both sides	7 foot continuous Planter on both sides
Curb type		Curb	Curb
Landscape Type		Trees @ 30' o.c. Avg.	Trees @ 30' o.c. Avg.
1. When on-street facilities are provided, the width of the thoroughfare must be correspondingly increased, subject to approval of the Public Works Director.

 

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THOROUGHFARE TYPES
Highway	HW
Boulevard	BV
Avenue	AV
Commercial Street	CS
Drive	DR
Street	ST
Road	RD
Rear Alley	RA
Rear Lane	RL
Multi-Use Trail	MT
Equestrian Trail	ET
Bicycle Lane	BL
Bicycle Route	BR
Path	PT
Passage	PS
		CS-50-221	CS-50-281
Thoroughfare Type		Commercial Street	Commercial Street
Transect Zone Assignment		T4-O, T5, T6	T4-O, T5, T6
Right-of-Way Width		50 feet	50 feet
Pavement Width		22 feet	28 feet
Movement		Slow Movement	Slow Movement
Design Speed		20 MPH	25 MPH
Pedestrian Crossing Time		6.2 seconds	8 seconds
Traffic Lanes		1 lane	2 lanes
Parking Lanes		One side @ 8 feet marked	One side @ 8 feet marked
Curb Radius		15 feet	15 feet
Walkway Type		18/10 foot Sidewalk	11 foot Sidewalk on both sides
Planter Type		5 × 8 foot tree well	5 × 8 foot tree well
Curb type		Curb	Curb
Landscape Type		Trees @ 30' o.c. Avg.	Trees @ 30' o.c. Avg.
1. When on-street facilities are provided, the width of the thoroughfare must be correspondingly increased, subject to approval of the Public Works Director.

 

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THOROUGHFARE TYPES
Highway	HW
Boulevard	BV
Avenue	AV
Commercial Street	CS
Drive	DR
Street	ST
Road	RD
Rear Alley	RA
Rear Lane	RL
Multi-Use Trail	MT
Equestrian Trail	ET
Bicycle Lane	BL
Bicycle Route	BR
Path	PT
Passage	PS
		CS-60-361	CS-100-641
Thoroughfare Type		Commercial Street	Commercial Street
Transect Zone Assignment		T4-O, T5, T6	T4-O, T5, T6
Right-of-Way Width		60 feet	100 feet
Pavement Width		36 feet	64 feet
Movement		Free Movement	Slow Movement
Design Speed		25 MPH	25 MPH
Pedestrian Crossing Time		10.3 seconds	8.5 seconds at corners
Traffic Lanes		2 lanes	2 lanes
Parking Lanes		Both sides @ 8 feet marked	Both sides angled @ 17 feet marked
Curb Radius		10 feet	15 feet
Walkway Type		12 foot Sidewalk	18 foot Sidewalk
Planter Type		5 × 8 foot tree well	5 × 8 foot tree well
Curb type		Curb	Curb
Landscape Type		Trees @ 30' o.c. Avg.	Trees @ 30' o.c. Avg.
1. When on-street facilities are provided, the width of the thoroughfare must be correspondingly increased, subject to approval of the Public Works Director.

 

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THOROUGHFARE TYPES
Highway	HW
Boulevard	BV
Avenue	AV
Commercial Street	CS
Drive	DR
Street	ST
Road	RD
Rear Alley	RA
Rear Lane	RL
Multi-Use Trail	MT
Equestrian Trail	ET
Bicycle Lane	BL
Bicycle Route	BR
Path	PT
Passage	PS
		AVE-75-401	AVE-90-561
Thoroughfare Type		Avenue	Avenue
Transect Zone Assignment		T3, T4, T5, T6	T3, T4, T5, T6
Right-of-Way Width		75 feet	90 feet
Pavement Width		40 feet	56 feet
Movement		Slow Movement	Slow Movement
Design Speed		25 MPH	25 MPH
Pedestrian Crossing Time		5.7 seconds - 5.7 seconds	5.7 seconds - 5.7 seconds at corners
Traffic Lanes		2 lanes	4 lanes
Parking Lanes		Both sides @ 8 feet marked	Both sides @ 8 feet marked
Curb Radius		15 feet	15 feet
Walkway Type		6 foot Sidewalk	6 foot Sidewalk
Planter Type		7 foot continuous planter	7 foot continuous planter
Curb type		Curb	Curb
Landscape Type		Trees @ 30' o.c. Avg.	Trees @ 30' o.c. Avg.
1. When on-street facilities are provided, the width of the thoroughfare must be correspondingly increased, subject to approval of the Public Works Director.

 

This table shows the configurations for different building heights for each Transect Zone.

1. Max. height without first story civic or commercial function/max. height with first story civic or commercial function.

This table approximates the location of the structure relative to the boundaries of each individual lot, establishing suitable basic building types for each Transect Zone, except as further restricted in the District at Mayfield by Section 7A.4.4.D.

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a. Edgeyard: A building that occupies the center of its lot with setbacks on all sides. This is the least urban of types as the front yard sets it back from the frontage, while the side yards weaken the spatial definition of the public thoroughfare space. The front yard is intended to be visually continuous with the yards of adjacent buildings. The rear yard can be secured for privacy by fences and a well-placed backbuilding and/or outbuilding.
b. Sideyard: A building that occupies one side of the lot with the setback to the other side. A shallow frontage setback defines a more urban condition. If the adjacent building is similar with a blank side wall, the yard can be quite private. This type permits systematic climatic orientation in response to the sun or the breeze. Energy costs, and sometimes noise, are reduced by sharing a party wall in this disposition.
c. Rearyard: A building that occupies the full frontage, leaving the rear of the lot as the sole yard. This is a very urban type as the continuous facade steadily defines the public thoroughfare. The rear elevations may be articulated for functional purposes. In its residential form, this type is the townhouse. For its commercial form, the rear yard can accommodate substantial parking.
d. Courtyard: A building that occupies the boundaries of its lot while internally defining one or more private patios. This is the most urban of types, as it is able to shield the private realm from all sides while strongly defining the public thoroughfare. Because of its ability to accommodate incompatible activities, masking them from all sides, it is recommended for workshops, lodging and schools. The high security provided by the continuous enclosure is useful for crime-prone areas.

 

The private frontage is the areas between the building facade and the lot lines.

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a. Common Yard: A planted frontage wherein the facade is set back substantially from the frontage line. The front yard created remains unfenced and is visually continuous with adjacent yards, supporting a common landscape. The deep setback provides a buffer from the higher speed thoroughfares.
b. Porch & Fence: A planted frontage where the facade is set back from the frontage line with an attached porch permitted to encroach. A fence, wall, or hedge at the frontage line maintains street spatial definition. Porches must be no less than 8 feet deep.
c. Terrace or Lightwell: A frontage wherein the facade is set back from the frontage Line by an elevated terrace or sunken lightwell. This type buffers residential use from urban sidewalks and removes the private yard from public encroachment. Terraces are suitable for conversion to outdoor cafes. Synonym: dooryard.
d. Forecourt: A frontage wherein the facade is close to the frontage line and the central portion is set back. The forecourt created is suitable for vehicular drop-offs. This type should be allocated in conjunction with other frontage types. Large trees within the forecourts may overhang the sidewalks.
e. Stoop: A frontage wherein the facade is aligned close to the frontage line with the first story elevated from the sidewalk sufficiently to ensure privacy for the windows. The entrance is usually an exterior stair and landing. This type is recommended for first story residential use. Stoops must be no less than 30 inches deep.
f. Shopfront: A frontage wherein the facade is aligned close to the frontage line with the building entrance at sidewalk grade. This type is conventional for retail use. It has glazing on the sidewalk level and an awning that should overlap the sidewalk to within 2 feet of the curb. Synonym: retail frontage.
g. Gallery: A frontage wherein the facade is aligned with the frontage line with an attached cantilevered shed or lightweight colonnade overlapping the sidewalk. This type is conventional for retail use. The gallery should be no less than 10 feet wide and should overlap the sidewalk to within 2 feet of the curb.

 

This table categorizes building functions within transect zones. For specific permitted uses, see Sec. 8.2.2. (Use Table for Crabapple Form-Based Code).

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			In T4-restricted, lodging, office and retail functions are prohibited. In T4-open, T5 function regulations apply
a. RESIDENTIAL	Restricted Residential: The number of dwellings on each lot is restricted to one within a principal building and one within an accessory building. Both dwellings must be under single ownership. The habitable area of the accessory unit must not exceed 440 sf, excluding the parking area.	Limited Residential: The number of dwellings on each lot is unlimited within one principle building except by form-based standards elsewhere in this Article 7A, and limited to one unit within an accessory building. All dwelling units must be under single ownership. The habitable area of the accessory unit must not exceed 440 sf, excluding the parking area.		Open Residential: The number of dwelling units and buildings on each lot is unlimited except by form-based standards elsewhere in this Article 7A.
b. LODGING	Restricted Lodging: Up to two bedrooms for lodging is permitted on each lot. The lot must be owner occupied. Food service may be provided in the a.m. The maximum length of stay must not exceed ten days.	Limited Lodging: Up to three bedrooms for lodging is permitted on each lot, restricted to two bedrooms in an accessory building. The lot must be owner occupied. Food service may be provided in the a.m. The maximum length of stay must not exceed ten days. Lodging functions are prohibited in T4-restricted.		Open Lodging: Unlimited bedrooms for lodging is permitted on each lot. Food service may be provided at all times.
c. OFFICE	Restricted Office: Office use is restricted to home occupations by the owner, with no more than one employee.	Open Office: The building area available for office use on each lot is unlimited. Office functions are prohibited in T4-restricted.		Open Office: The building area available for office use on each lot is limited by the requirement of 2.0 assigned parking places per 1,000 square feet of office space.
d. RETAIL	Prohibited Retail: Retail is not permitted.	Limited Retail: The building area available for retail use is limited to the first story of buildings at corner locations, not more than one per block. The specific use is further limited to neighborhood store, or food service seating no more than 30. Retail functions are prohibited in T4-restricted.		Open Retail: The building area available for retail use is unlimited on the first story and available to upper stories by warrant.
e. CIVIC	See Table 9	See Table 9		See Table 9
f. OTHER	See Table 9	See Table 9		See Table 9

 

This table shows the rate that building units must be exchanged for functions.

See Sec. 8.2.2. (Use Table for Crabapple Form-Based Code).

This Sec. 7A.6 provides an overview of the seven architectural styles and their colors set forth in Sec. 7A.4.17.B. Because the execution of specific styles can vary, the description/definition of each style can vary and therefore, the information contained in this article may not be all inclusive.

Vernacular: With origins in Elizabethan England and influenced by Native American and African American traditions, the Vernacular tradition in the South is the essence of beauty, function, and simplicity. It is a powerful building type, perhaps the most indigenous to America. Dating from the arrival of the first settlers, it was recycled into the fabric of later styles and has never been fully abandoned. Vernacular forms exhibit natural composition, never decorative or academic, but relating to a relaxed logic. Materiality rules, as building materials are used in their most raw, pure, forms, with ornament reduced to mere gesture, executed in the same raw materials.

Essential elements include simple masses, many times saltbox and catslide, with additions and appendages. Almost without exception, roofs are gabled, with gables rarely facing the front. Shed roofs over full-length porches or enclosed additions are common. Gable-end chimneys are prominent. Windows are of similar sizes, spaced in a balanced but not overly rigid composition, and are generally non-ornamental. Window spacing relating to room arrangement is often independent of column or post spacing, which relates to the actual porch structure. Modest stylistic detailing is Federal and Greek Revival, with elements of Italianate and Carpenter Gothic. Ceiling heights range from 9 feet to 12 feet for commercial buildings, and 7 feet to 10 feet for houses. One-story Vernacular cottages may have so-called travelers rooms on either side of a front porch, featuring ceilings as low as 7 feet. Frugality rules Vernacular architecture. Handmade brick, wood horizontal lap siding, flush tongue and groove plank siding under porches, wood-shingle and standing-seam roofs, and brick and/or stone chimneys are the typical features found in early architecture. Later forms are sometimes roofed in corrugated or 5-V galvanized metal.

Typical exterior colors for earlier buildings include slate blue and earth tones such as terra cotta, taupe, and brown. Later works are typically whitewashed.

Because Vernacular is not truly a style but a local building tradition, its form never hybridized with nineteenth century styles. Stylistic detailing is applied to the building in a superficial manner.

Greek Revival: Of the Romantic styles favored in the nineteenth century, perhaps none was more popular than Greek Revival. Dominant from about 1830 to 1860 in the South, the style symbolized the affinity Americans felt with the ideals of Greek democracy.

The style was easy to construct in wood or masonry due to its Spartan forms and details. Forms are boxy with consistent cornice lines and low-pitched gabled or hipped roofs. Gables can be side or front facing.

In the South, Greek detailing and full-width front porticos are often married to Vernacular forms, taking the form of a classical billboard, which is one of the more charming aspects of this region's native architecture. Porches vary in prominence, being either the fabled Southern full-width two-story version or the less ostentatious one-story version or even the smaller stoop variety, which is equally dignified. Fenestration features include rectangular sash and doors with bold, plain casings and horizontal cornices. Chimneys, being non-Classical, are thoroughly de-emphasized. Columns that are always round in true Greek architecture are usually simplified into square adaptations. Classical details are large and bold as opposed to the earlier, mild-mannered Adam Style, with wide, prominent entablature with Greek Doric columns being the main hallmark of the style. When decoration is desired, it is executed with Greek key fretwork, and vernacularized classical profiles.

Paint colors for siding and trim are typically white, cream, and light grey with shutters tinted black. Window sash are white or black. Wood-mold brick is in the red to earth range.

Italianate: The Italianate style became popular in America around 1840 and flourished especially rapidly in the 1850s. As its name implies, the Renaissance houses of Italy are its inspiration. The style is picturesque or romantic as opposed to the more disciplined Greek Revival style. Broad, bracketed cornices on shallow hipped or gabled roofs; attic windows; tall windows that are frequently arched and clustered; iron balconies; massive entrance doors; clustered porch columns; Renaissance details; and tall ceilings are hallmarks of this style. Facades may be symmetrical and somewhat dignified, or asymmetrical, with a casual, rural quality. Chimneys are usually internal to the building mass.

In the South, there are many interpretations of the style executed in wood, with Renaissance-style ornament adapted to local skill levels. Some versions of this style are easy to construct, especially if the building material is brick, for then fundamental masonry techniques are used such as full or segmental arches, lintels, and load-bearing walls.

Paint colors for siding, trim, and sashes are typically earth tones with emphasis on browns, terra cottas, and golds. Trim colors and sashes are usually painted darker than the siding. Wood-mold brick is in the red to earth range.

Gothic: With origins in late 18th century England, the Gothic Style, otherwise known as the Gothic Revival, was popularized by Andrew Jackson Downing in the 1840s and 1850s. The style may be looked at as a reaction to the classical styles so popular at the time of the Adam style or Federal style, and the Greek Revival. With a definite nod to the whimsical, the style provided a welcome relief to the academic aesthetic of the era.

Many Americans associate the style with Grant Wood's American Gothic, a painting depicting a rather austere midwestern husband and wife set in front of a plain board and batten cottage with a pointed arched window.

Applied to the hall and parlor houses popular at the time, humble folk houses were transformed into medieval fantasy with the addition of steep roofs, decorative verge boards and crockets, pointed arches, and pinnacles. Board and batten siding, paired columnettes, and 2 over 2 windows accentuated the verticality of the look. Old-timers sometimes naively refer to the ornamentation of the style as "gingerbread".

Many Gothic buildings dot the historic American countryside, with a special abundance in the North Georgia area. From Rome's medieval clock tower to the Gothic cottages of Clarkesville, the Gothic style has become inextricably fused with the American psyche.

Queen Anne: The Queen Anne Style dominated domestic American architecture from about 1880 until 1900. Popularized by the architect Richard Norman Shaw, the style was a revival of late medieval styles in England. (The name Queen Anne, however, has little or nothing to do with the reign of the English queen during the formalistic Renaissance period.) Indigenous versions of the style usually translated into wooden-frame structures decorated with turned spindle work and free-form Classicism, with columns, pediments, and so forth being freely substituted for medieval ornament.

The movement was fueled in the New South by the commerce generated by the cotton industry. The forms of the buildings themselves are a fanciful version of medieval forms. Asymmetry was the general rule with steeply pitched roofs, front gables, and folk ornament. As opposed to the academic Adam and Greek Revival styles, there is a deliberate effort at making the facade three dimensional, using projecting gables and cutaway bays. The new railroads brought pre-made spindle work and bric-a-brac ornament to almost every American town and city, resulting in the proliferation of the quintessential gingerbread house. Windows tended to be 1/1 or 2/2 with the occasional ornamental sash. Ceilings were usually very tall, starting at 10 feet. Examples exist of this style in the Crabapple Community.

Colors were earthy-sage, taupe, amber, gold, and brown. Trim and sashes were usually in the darker spectrum of the palette.

Colonial Revival: Inspired by the Centennial of 1876, the Colonial Revival thrived in the love that Americans have for their Colonial past, especially in English and Dutch houses of the Atlantic Seaboard. In part a reaction to the excesses of Victorian architecture, forms include simple saltbox massing, "L" configurations, catslide roofs, and vernacular forms. Wings and additions often occur that are subordinate in scale to the primary mass of the structure. Rooms are usually larger than their authentic Colonial predecessors and are planned for gracious interior accommodation resulting in playful exteriors. Facades may contain front facing gables treated in a decorative manner. Roof forms are varied in the Colonial Revival from steep Georgian types, shallow Classical types, hips, hipped gables, Gambrels, catslides, and Southern Vernacular types. Dormers are common roof features. Beautiful chimneys centered on gable ends terminate rooflines. Full front porches occur, but not as often as side porches and trellises, that often take on the quality of an outdoor room.

Ceiling heights are always generous. Windows are larger than historic prototypes of early years. Americans were not about to give up the light that they had become used to in the Victorian period. Refined stylistic detailing includes Colloquial, Georgian, Federal, Regency, and Classical Revival elements such as columns and pilasters, fretwork railings, entablatures, broad casings, story courses, base reliefs, etc. Exteriors are finished in wood shingle siding, mitered lap siding, wood mould brick and worked stone. Roofs are slate, wood shingle, French tile, and standing seam metal.

Some Colonial Revival buildings are quite decorative with Classical appliqué featuring urns, garlands, and grotesques ornament. Other Colonial Revival buildings are hybridized with the Craftsman style and feature straightforward construction detailing such as out-lookers supporting broad eaves, plain Tuscan columns with no base or capital necking details, and post and beam casings.

Not all Colonial Revival houses are so freely adapted from various sources. Austere and authentic examples exist that are almost indistinguishable from their antecedents, leaving one to ponder the construction date. James Means, a 20th century Atlanta architect, designed Plantation Plain houses across the State of Georgia (one notable example exists in Crabapple) with great sophistication. His colleagues Neel Reid and Phillip Shutze, designed more inventive and decorative homes that are at the apex of the style in the South.

Typical exterior siding, trim, and sash colors are white, bone, and cream, with dark green or black shutters and the occasional red door. Wood shingles are natural, stained grey or stained Jacobean black. Smooth wood mould brick in the red to earth range, and occasionally buff to taupe range is complimented with grape vine and lighting raked mortar joints. Stone is coursed or random and features flush, raised bead, or lightly raked mortar joints.

Adam/Federal: The Adam or Federal style was prevalent in the South from about 1780 through 1820, although in provincial locations; its influence lasted until around 1840. The style developed directly from Classical Roman examples of antiquity rather than Renaissance Europe. Young America identified itself and its government with that of Republican Rome, with a parallel movement occurring in France. The refined ornament discovered in the archaeological digs at Pompeii heavily influenced the British architect Robert Adam in the development of the style. Architects such as William Jay of Savannah further developed it.

Simple, austere massing and Vernacular forms are decorated with delicate classical detailing, frequently featuring the Doric order with decorated cornices, pedimented fenestration, fine modillions and mutules under the cornice, and entrances with fan lights and sidelights. In isolated locations, chimneys are awkwardly domestic and prominent, while in urban locations, they are minimally formalized. Exterior cladding materials are usually clapboards but are sometimes fine brickwork with cut jack arches and keystones. Classical detailing is deliberately scaled down. Facades are intentionally understated and plain. Emphasis is placed on the frontispiece and on the fine tailoring of the building. Windows are large and regularly spaced.

Paint colors for siding, trim, and sashes are typically white, cream, and light grey with shutters being tinted black. Wood-mold brick is in the red to earth range.

As the architecture demands, the color palette of the City of Milton is diverse. With an emphasis on "real" materials, whether natural or manmade, many colors and finishes should simply be left unfinished. Surfaces to be painted should complement the architecture, never commanding too much attention. Colors must never upstage the natural landscape.

Colors and finishes must be appropriate to the mood and style of the building. Designs that are derived from the Vernacular style will be early 19th century color combinations, with colors such as burnt sienna; rich warm gray, mustard and "haint" blue. Designs that take inspiration from the Greek Revival style will display crisp, light stone colors that bespeak dignity and acknowledge their classical temple origins. Other designs that are inspired by Queen Anne, Gothic, and Italianate designs are complex and rich, displaying earth tones that contrast to one another. Colonial Revival and Adams/Federal palettes take inspiration from East Coast historic precedents with natural shingle siding trimmed in white, white or slate blue clapboard trimmed in white with red doors, and shaker inspired colors.

The designer should research period colors and become familiar with the combinations that can be used.

The following are illustrations of key components of the above-noted styles. Please note that the graphics show the styles as utilized on single-family detached houses, although these styles can readily translate into commercial or mixed-use buildings through use of stylistic detailing. Please refer to the City of Milton Historic Preservation Design Guidelines for examples.